A device for detecting surface defects of automobile panels based on machine vision

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of surface defect detection devices, and proposes a surface defect detection device for automobile covering parts based on machine vision, which can form a surround-type full coverage detection on the surface of the automobile covering parts, requires less manual intervention during the detection process, can realize assembly line detection operations, has high detection efficiency and good practicality, comprises multiple image collectors, also comprises a detection conveying structure and a surround-type covering structure, the surround-type covering structure comprises two fixed rings, both of which are connected to the detection conveying structure, and the two fixed rings are rotatably connected with a light rotating ring and a collection rotating ring respectively, and the light rotating ring and the collection rotating ring are rotatably connected with an inner auxiliary rotating ring and an outer auxiliary rotating ring respectively, and the outer auxiliary rotating ring is fixedly connected with a plurality of light mounting frames, and the plurality of light mounting frames are fixedly connected with the light rotating ring, and a plurality of irradiation light sources are installed in the plurality of light mounting frames, and the inner auxiliary rotating ring is fixedly connected with a plurality of detection mounting frames.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of surface defect detection devices, and in particular to a surface defect detection device for automobile covering parts based on machine vision. Background Art

[0002] As we all know, machine vision is a technology that uses cameras to collect visual data from the environment and processes this data through hardware and software. Automobile covers are thin shell-shaped force-bearing parts and also decorative parts. Therefore, the surface quality of automobile covers directly affects the quality of the car's surface paint. In order to achieve auxiliary detection of surface defects of automobile covers, we proposed a surface defect detection device for automobile covers based on machine vision.

[0003] After searching, the Chinese patent publication number CN202330294U discloses a surface defect detection device based on machine vision, which is roughly described as including a frame and a light source mechanism, which is arranged at the bottom of the frame. The light source mechanism includes: an adjustment unit fixed to the bottom of the frame, and a light source arranged on the adjustment unit, and an image acquisition mechanism arranged on the frame. When in use, the illumination angle of the light source is adjusted by the adjustment unit. When the illumination angle is adjustable, the image acquisition mechanism can be prevented from being in the mirror reflection light path of the incident light emitted by the light source, and then the image acquisition mechanism is used to obtain images with higher clarity and contrast of the defective part and the part of interest, so as to achieve the detection work of the surface defect detection device based on machine vision. The Chinese patent publication number CN221174362U discloses A surface defect detection device based on machine vision is roughly described as including a conveying device, a machine vision processing device and an image acquisition device. The image acquisition device includes a bracket, a light source assembly and an image acquisition device. The light source assembly includes an LED light source lamp, a mounting plate and a reflector. The LED light source lamp is located on one side of the conveying device, and the reflector is arranged on the other side of the conveying device. The image acquisition device is located on the top of the conveying device. The diffusely reflected light irradiated by the LED light source lamp on the conveyed product can be captured by the image acquisition device after being reflected by the reflector. When it is used, by changing the position or angle of the light source assembly, the reflector and the image acquisition device, the image acquisition device is not in the emission light path of the incident light from the light source, and can fully capture the reflected light path of the diffuse reflection generated by the product, thereby obtaining a contrast image of the product defect.

[0004] Although the above two existing technical solutions can realize defect detection on the product surface, during the entire detection process, the image acquisition equipment used for detection is located above the product, and after the product is placed on the bracket, it is always in a fixed posture. In this way, if it is necessary to detect multiple directions of the product, for example, most automobile covering parts are sheet metal parts with complex structures, and most of their surface structures have surfaces facing multiple directions. Therefore, if it is necessary to detect such automobile covering parts, it is inevitable to manually assist in adjusting the posture of the product to ensure the comprehensive coverage detection operation of the automobile covering parts, and the operating convenience and practicality are poor. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a surface defect detection device for automobile covering parts based on machine vision, which can form a surround-type full coverage detection on the surface of automobile covering parts, requires less human intervention during the detection process, can realize assembly line detection operations, has high detection efficiency and good practicality.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a surface defect detection device for automobile covering parts based on machine vision, comprising a plurality of image collectors, a detection conveying structure and a surrounding covering structure, wherein the surrounding covering structure comprises two fixed rings, both of which are connected to the detection conveying structure, a light rotating ring and a collection rotating ring are rotatably connected to the two fixed rings respectively, an inner auxiliary rotating ring and an outer auxiliary rotating ring are rotatably connected to the light rotating ring and the collection rotating ring respectively, a plurality of light mounting frames are fixedly connected to the outer auxiliary rotating ring, a plurality of light mounting frames are fixedly connected to the light rotating ring, a plurality of irradiation light sources are installed in the plurality of light mounting frames, a plurality of detection mounting frames are fixedly connected to the inner auxiliary rotating ring, a plurality of detection mounting frames are fixedly connected to the plurality of detection rotating rings, a plurality of mounting ports are opened on the plurality of detection mounting frames, a plurality of image collectors are respectively installed in the plurality of mounting ports, a servo motor is installed on the two fixed rings, and the two servo motors are respectively used for the rotation drive of the light rotating ring and the rotation drive of the collection rotating ring.

[0007] Preferably, the detection conveying structure includes a main frame, the two fixed rings are fixedly connected to the main frame, a driving shaft and a driven shaft are rotatably connected inside the main frame, and a stepper motor is installed outside the main frame, the rotating main shaft of the stepper motor is connected to the driving shaft, and an installation conveyor belt and an auxiliary conveyor belt are transmission-connected between the driving shaft and the driven shaft, a plurality of alternating support assemblies are installed between the installation conveyor belt and the auxiliary conveyor belt, and an auxiliary drive assembly is installed on the main frame, and the auxiliary drive assembly is used for auxiliary drive of the alternating support assembly.

[0008] Preferably, two active outer expansion rings are fixedly connected to the driving shaft, two driven outer expansion rings are fixedly connected to the driven shaft, the installation conveyor belt and the auxiliary conveyor belt are respectively connected to the two active outer expansion rings by transmission, and the installation conveyor belt and the auxiliary conveyor belt are respectively connected to the two driven outer expansion rings by transmission.

[0009] Preferably, the alternating support assembly includes a support plate frame and a support slat, the outside of the support plate frame and the outside of the support slat are rotatably connected with a plate frame ear seat and a slat ear seat respectively, the plate frame ear seat and the slat ear seat are fixedly connected to the mounting conveyor belt, a return spring is fixedly connected between the support plate frame and the plate frame ear seat, a reset spring is connected between the support slat and the slat ear seat, a telescopic slat is slidably connected inside the support plate frame, a progressive linkage is installed inside the support plate frame, the progressive linkage matches the support slat and the telescopic slat, a limiting opening is opened on the auxiliary conveyor belt, and the limiting opening matches the telescopic slat.

[0010] Preferably, the progressive linkage comprises an internal threaded cylinder, a driving cam is fixedly connected to the outside of the internal threaded cylinder, the driving cam is rotatably connected to a transmission rod, the transmission rod is rotatably connected to the telescopic strip, the internal threaded cylinder is internally threaded with a threaded driving rod, the threaded driving rod is slidably connected to the plate frame ear seat, the threaded driving rod is connected to a threaded follower rod, and the threaded follower rod is transmission-connected to the support slats.

[0011] Preferably, a mounting circular hole is opened on the support slat, an internally threaded shaft cylinder is fixedly connected to the mounting circular hole through a conical spring, the threaded follower rod is threadedly connected to the internally threaded shaft cylinder, and the internally threaded shaft cylinder is rotatably connected to the slat ear seat, an extension cylinder is fixedly connected to the outside of the slat ear seat, the return spring is fixedly connected in the extension cylinder, and the return spring is fixedly connected to the threaded follower rod.

[0012] Preferably, a guide sleeve is fixedly connected to the outside of the plate frame ear seat, the threaded drive rod is provided with a guide outer plane, the guide sleeve is provided with a guide inner plane, the guide inner plane matches the guide outer plane, the support plate frame is fixedly connected with a support shaft and a support cylinder, the support shaft and the support cylinder are both rotatably connected to the plate frame ear seat, and the threaded drive rod passes through the support cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, an articulated transmission rod is hinged between the threaded driving rod and the threaded driven rod, and an upper rotation limit bar and a lower rotation limit bar are arranged in the slat ear seat, and the upper rotation limit bar and the lower rotation limit bar are respectively used to support the rotation raising limit and the rotation lowering limit of the slat.

[0014] Preferably, the auxiliary drive assembly includes an external mounting frame and an electric telescopic rod, the external mounting frame is fixedly connected to the main frame, the electric telescopic rod is installed on the external mounting frame, a synchronous push plate is installed on the telescopic rod of the electric telescopic rod, the synchronous push plate is fixedly connected to two guide rods, both of the two guide rods are slidably connected to the external mounting frame, and an auxiliary push plate is fixedly connected to the internal threaded cylinder, and the auxiliary push plate matches the synchronous push plate.

[0015] Preferably, a limiting cylinder is fixedly connected in the limiting opening, and the limiting cylinder matches the telescopic strip.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a device for detecting surface defects of automobile panels based on machine vision, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) In the present invention, the image collector and the surrounding covering structure are used to form a functional component for machine vision scanning corresponding to the automobile covering, which can surround the automobile covering to form a full coverage complete scanning operation, thereby achieving a surrounding full coverage detection of the surface of the automobile covering.

[0018] (2) In the present invention, by configuring the detection and conveying structure, on the one hand, a matching installation can be formed for the surrounding covering structure, and on the other hand, a support and conveyance can be formed for the automobile covering to be inspected, so as to facilitate the assembly line inspection operation. The inspection efficiency is high, and the position of the support formed for the automobile covering can be changed alternately to eliminate the obstruction of the automobile covering inspection process. The inspection process requires less manual intervention and has better practicality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at B in the middle;

[0022] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at C in the middle;

[0023] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at D in the middle;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fixing ring, the main frame and the driving shaft of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the external auxiliary rotating ring, the light mounting frame and the irradiation light source of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the collection rotating ring, the inner auxiliary rotating ring and the detection mounting frame of the present invention;

[0027] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the supporting slats, slat ears and return springs of the present invention;

[0028] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of a partially exploded three-dimensional structure of the support slat, slat ear seat and return spring of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the supporting plate frame, the plate frame ear seat and the telescopic strips of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded three-dimensional structure of the supporting plate frame, the threaded driving rod and the telescopic strips of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention as a whole when viewed from the rear side upward;

[0032] Fig.14 It is a bottom-up three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the cooperation of the support slat, slat ear seat and threaded follower rod of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.15 It is a bottom-view three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the supporting plate frame, the driving cam and the transmission rod of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the guide sleeve of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the internal threaded shaft cylinder and the tapered spring of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1. Image collector; 2. Fixed ring; 3. Light rotating ring; 4. Collection rotating ring; 5. Inner auxiliary rotating ring; 6. Outer auxiliary rotating ring; 7. Light mounting frame; 8. Illumination light source; 9. Detection mounting frame; 10. Mounting port; 11. Servo motor; 12. Main frame; 13. Driving shaft; 14. Driven shaft; 15. Stepper motor; 16. Install conveyor belt; 17. Auxiliary conveyor belt; 18. Active outer expansion ring; 19. Driven outer expansion ring; 20. Support plate frame; 21. Support slats; 22. Plate frame ear seat; 23. Slat ear seat; 24. Return spring; 2 5. Reset spring; 26. Telescopic strip; 27. Internally threaded cylinder; 28. Driving cam; 29. ​​Transmission rod; 30. Threaded driving rod; 31. Threaded follower rod; 32. Mounting circular hole; 33. Internally threaded shaft cylinder; 34. Extension cylinder; 35. Guide sleeve; 36. Guide outer plane; 37. Guide inner plane; 38. Support shaft; 39. Support cylinder; 40. Articulated transmission rod; 41. Upper rotation limit strip; 42. Lower rotation limit strip; 43. External mounting frame; 44. Electric telescopic rod; 45. Synchronous push plate; 46. Auxiliary push plate; 47. Limit cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] For examples, see Figure 1-Figure 17A surface defect detection device for automobile covering parts based on machine vision includes multiple image collectors 1, a detection conveying structure and a surrounding covering structure, the surrounding covering structure includes two fixed rings 2, the two fixed rings 2 are connected to the detection conveying structure, the two fixed rings 2 are respectively rotatably connected with a light rotating ring 3 and a collection rotating ring 4, the light rotating ring 3 and the collection rotating ring 4 are respectively rotatably connected with an inner auxiliary rotating ring 5 and an outer auxiliary rotating ring 6, the outer auxiliary rotating ring 6 is fixedly connected with multiple light mounting frames 7, the multiple light mounting frames 7 are fixedly connected to the light rotating ring 3, multiple light sources 8 are installed in the multiple light mounting frames 7, the inner auxiliary rotating ring 5 is fixedly connected with multiple detection mounting frames 9, the multiple detection mounting frames 9 are fixedly connected to the collection rotating ring 4, multiple detection mounting frames 9 are opened with multiple installation ports 10, multiple image collectors 1 are respectively installed in the multiple installation ports 10, the two fixed rings 2 are installed with servo motors 11, and the two servo motors 11 are respectively used for rotation drive of the light rotating ring 3 and collection The rotating ring 4 is driven by rotation, and through the cooperation of the image collector 1 and the surrounding covering structure, a functional component of machine vision scanning corresponding to the automobile cover is formed, which can surround the automobile cover to form a full coverage and complete scanning operation, thereby achieving a surrounding full coverage detection of the surface of the automobile cover. The detection and conveying structure includes a main frame 12, and the two fixed rings 2 are fixedly connected to the main frame 12. A driving shaft 13 and a driven shaft 14 are rotatably connected in the main frame 12, and a stepper motor 15 is installed outside the main frame 12. The rotating main shaft of the stepper motor 15 is connected to the driving shaft 13, and an installation conveyor belt 16 and an auxiliary conveyor belt 17 are transmission-connected between the driving shaft 13 and the driven shaft 14. Two active outer expansion rings 18 are fixedly connected to the driving shaft 13, and two driven outer expansion rings 19 are fixedly connected to the driven shaft 14. The installation conveyor belt 16 and the auxiliary conveyor belt 17 are respectively transmission-connected to the two active outer expansion rings 18, and the installation conveyor belt 16 and the auxiliary conveyor belt 17 are respectively transmission-connected to the two driven outer expansion rings 19.

[0039] It should be further explained that a plurality of alternating support components are installed between the installation conveyor belt 16 and the auxiliary conveyor belt 17, and the alternating support components include a support plate frame 20 and a support slat 21, and the outside of the support plate frame 20 and the outside of the support slat 21 are rotatably connected with a plate frame ear seat 22 and a slat ear seat 23 respectively, and the plate frame ear seat 22 and the slat ear seat 23 are both fixedly connected to the installation conveyor belt 16, and a return spring 24 is fixedly connected between the support plate frame 20 and the plate frame ear seat 22, and a return spring 25 is connected between the support slat 21 and the slat ear seat 23, and a telescopic slat 26 is slidably connected in the support plate frame 20, and a progressive linkage is installed in the support plate frame 20, and the progressive linkage matches the support slat 21 and the telescopic slat 26. A limiting opening is provided, the limiting opening matches the telescopic strip 26, and a limiting cylinder 47 is fixedly connected inside the limiting opening, and the limiting cylinder 47 matches the telescopic strip 26. When the telescopic strip 26 is inserted into the limiting cylinder 47 in the limiting opening, the structure formed by the telescopic strip 26 and the support plate frame 20 can form a two-point support limit on both sides when installing the conveyor belt 16 and the auxiliary conveyor belt 17, so as to facilitate the placement of the automobile cover to be detected relative to the support plate frame 20. The support plate frame 20 also has a good supporting effect on the automobile cover. The progressive linkage part includes an internal threaded cylinder 27, and the internal threaded cylinder 27 is fixedly connected to a driving cam 28 outside. The driving cam 28 is rotatably connected to a transmission rod 29, and the transmission rod 29 is rotatably connected to the telescopic strip 26. The internal thread of the internal threaded cylinder 27 A threaded drive rod 30 is connected, and the threaded drive rod 30 is slidably connected to the plate frame ear seat 22. The threaded drive rod 30 is connected to a threaded follower rod 31, and the threaded follower rod 31 is transmission-connected to the support slat 21. A mounting circular hole 32 is provided on the support slat 21, and an internal threaded shaft cylinder 33 is fixedly connected in the mounting circular hole 32 through a conical spring. The threaded follower rod 31 is threadedly connected to the internal threaded shaft cylinder 33, and the internal threaded shaft cylinder 33 is rotationally connected to the slat ear seat 23. An extension cylinder 34 is fixedly connected to the outside of the slat ear seat 23, and a return spring 25 is fixedly connected in the extension cylinder 34. The return spring 25 is fixedly connected to the threaded follower rod 31. A guide sleeve 35 is fixedly connected to the outside of the plate frame ear seat 22. The threaded drive rod 30 is provided with a guide outer plane 36. A guide inner plane 37 is provided in the guide sleeve 35, and the guide inner plane 37 matches the guide outer plane 36. A support shaft 38 and a support cylinder 39 are fixedly connected in the support plate frame 20, and the support shaft 38 and the support cylinder 39 are both rotatably connected to the plate frame ear seat 22. The threaded drive rod 30 passes through the support cylinder 39, so that the support plate frame 20 and the support slat 21 can form an alternating rising and falling posture, so as to facilitate the formation of alternating support and limiting for the automobile cover. An articulated transmission rod 40 is hinged between the threaded drive rod 30 and the threaded follower rod 31 to realize effective rotation transmission between the threaded drive rod 30 and the threaded follower rod 31, and also enables the threaded drive rod 30 and the threaded follower rod 31 to have a certain relative position adjustment function.When the conveyor belt 16 is installed to smoothly bypass the active outer expansion ring 18 and the driven outer expansion ring 19, in order to facilitate a certain relative bending adjustment freedom between the threaded driving rod 30 and the threaded driven rod 31, an upper rotation limit bar 41 and a lower rotation limit bar 42 are arranged in the slat ear seat 23. The upper rotation limit bar 41 and the lower rotation limit bar 42 are used to support the rotation raising limit and the rotation falling limit of the slat 21 respectively.

[0040] It should be further explained that an auxiliary drive assembly is installed on the main frame 12, and the auxiliary drive assembly includes an external mounting frame 43 and an electric telescopic rod 44. The external mounting frame 43 is fixedly connected to the main frame 12, and the electric telescopic rod 44 is installed on the external mounting frame 43. A synchronous push plate 45 is installed on the telescopic rod of the electric telescopic rod 44. The synchronous push plate 45 is fixedly connected to two guide rods, and the two guide rods are slidably connected to the external mounting frame 43. An auxiliary push plate 46 is fixedly connected to the internal threaded cylinder 27. The auxiliary push plate 46 matches the synchronous push plate 45 to provide alternating lifting and falling drive adjustment for the support plate frame 20 and the support slats 21. The auxiliary drive assembly is used for auxiliary driving of the alternating support assembly. By detecting the configuration of the conveying structure, on the one hand, a matching installation can be formed for the surrounding covering structure, and on the other hand, a bracket and conveyance can be formed for the automobile cover to be inspected, so as to facilitate the assembly line inspection operation, and the inspection efficiency is high. In addition, the position of the bracket for the automobile cover can be changed alternately to eliminate the obstruction of the automobile cover inspection process. Less manual intervention is required during the inspection process, and the practicality is also good.

[0041] The illumination light source 8, image acquisition device 1, servo motor 11, stepper motor 15 and electric telescopic rod 44 in this embodiment are all conventional devices purchased on the market and known to those skilled in the art. In the present invention, we only use them without improving their structure and function. For those skilled in the art, their setting method, installation method and electrical connection method only need to be debugged and operated according to the requirements of their instruction manual, and will not be described in detail here.

[0042] In summary, the working principle of the automobile cover surface defect detection device based on machine vision is that before use, the bracket of the automobile cover surface defect detection device based on machine vision is first installed at the desired location, and then the control computer is installed to match the irradiation light source 8, the servo motor 11, the stepper motor 15 and the electric telescopic rod 44, and the image collector 1 is connected to the control computer, and the control power of the automobile cover surface defect detection device based on machine vision and the control computer is turned on. The operation of the control computer can realize the on-off control of the irradiation light source 8 and the operation control of the servo motor 11, the stepper motor 15 and the electric telescopic rod 44, and the control computer can also realize the storage and processing of the information collected by the image collector 1, so as to judge and identify the defect information on the image information collected by the image collector 1, and finally achieve the purpose of detecting the surface defects of the automobile cover. During actual operation, first start The stepper motor 15 realizes the stepping rotation drive of the driving shaft 13 when running, and the rotation of the driving shaft 13 realizes the stepping rotation drive of the two active outer expansion rings 18. The rotation of the two active outer expansion rings 18 realizes the stepping operation drive of the installation conveyor belt 16 and the auxiliary conveyor belt 17. The electric telescopic rod 44 operates to control the synchronous push plate 45 to move away from the adjacent corresponding auxiliary push plate 46. Therefore, when the stepper motor 15 is running, multiple support plate racks 20 and multiple support slats 21 will form synchronous movement, and the multiple support plate racks 20 in the moving state The slidingly connected telescopic strips 26 are inserted relative to the corresponding limit tubes 47, that is, the structure formed by the support plate racks 20 and the telescopic strips 26 spans between the installation conveyor belt 16 and the auxiliary conveyor belt 17. When the stepper motor 15 stepping movement enters the state of gap stop, the automobile cover to be inspected is placed on the area supported by the multiple support plate racks 20, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, if the stepper motor 15 runs to drive multiple support plate racks 20 to move in from one side of the collection rotating ring 4 and out through one side of the lighting rotating ring 3, the rear side of the collection rotating ring 4 is selected as the station for placing the automobile covering parts, otherwise the front side of the lighting rotating ring 3 is selected as the station for placing the automobile covering parts.

[0043] Furthermore, when the stepper motor 15 enters the moving state from the rest state, the car cover placed on the corresponding support plate frame 20 will form a synchronous movement with the support plate frame 20, and finally enter the area between the light rotating ring 3 and the collection rotating ring 4. When the car cover moves to the appropriate area between the light rotating ring 3 and the collection rotating ring 4, the appropriate area should meet the requirements of the irradiation light source 8 to form front and rear covering light for the car cover, and the image collector 1 to form front and rear covering photography and scanning for the car cover. After the stepper motor 15 enters the intermittent stop stage again, the car cover also stops in the area between the light rotating ring 3 and the collection rotating ring 4. After that, the two servo motors 11 are powered on and run. The two servo motors 11 are running. The rotation drive of the light rotating ring 3 and the rotation drive of the collection rotating ring 4 are respectively realized. The rotation of the light rotating ring 3 realizes the rotation of multiple light mounting frames 7, so that the multiple illumination light sources 8 on the multiple light mounting frames 7 form a relative moving illumination with respect to the automobile cover. The rotation of the collection rotating ring 4 realizes the rotation of multiple detection mounting frames 9, so that the multiple image collectors 1 on the multiple detection mounting frames 9 form a relative moving scan with respect to the automobile cover, and finally achieves a complete surround detection of the automobile cover. During the detection process, by controlling the relative rotation speed of the rotating spindles of the two servo motors 11, the illumination angle of the illumination light source 8 and the image collection angle of the image collector 1 can be adjusted, enriching the collection of automobile covers. Collect data to better detect surface defects of automobile covers. During the detection process, since the support plate frame 20 supports the bottom of the automobile cover, the support plate frame 20 that supports the automobile cover will partially block the bottom of the automobile cover. Since the support plate frame 20 is in a relatively horizontal state between the installation conveyor belt 16 and the auxiliary conveyor belt 17, and the support slats 21 are in an upright state, an open space can be formed between two adjacent support plate frames 20, which is convenient for the image collector 1 and the irradiation light source 8 to operate in the area corresponding to the open space relative to the automobile cover. Maintain the above state. When the image collector 1 and the irradiation light source 8 form a complete circle relative to the automobile cover, the electric telescopic rod When the synchronous push plate 45 is powered on, it can push the synchronous push plate 45 away from the external mounting frame 43. After the synchronous push plate 45 comes into contact with its corresponding auxiliary push plate 46, the electric telescopic rod 44 pushes the synchronous push plate 45 to further push away from the external mounting frame 43. The synchronous push plate 45 pushes the auxiliary push plate 46 to make the internal threaded tube 27 rotate relative to the support plate frame 20. The rotation of the internal threaded tube 27 can make the driving cam 28 swing. Under the transmission action of the transmission rod 29, the swing of the driving cam 28 can drive the telescopic strip 26 to slide relative to the support plate frame 20, and finally make the telescopic strip 26 withdraw relative to the limit tube 47 into which it was originally inserted. At the same time, during this process,Under the thread transmission effect of the internal threaded barrel 27 and the threaded driving rod 30 and the guiding effect of the guide sleeve 35 on the threaded driving rod 30, the rotation of the internal threaded barrel 27 can make the threaded driving rod 30 further extend relative to the supporting rotating barrel 39. Under the transmission effect of the hinged transmission rod 40, the corresponding threaded driven rod 31 will form a synchronous movement. Due to the threaded transmission effect between the threaded driven rod 31 and the internal threaded shaft barrel 33, the movement of the threaded driven rod 31 will cause the internal threaded shaft barrel 33 to rotate, and finally realize the rotation and lifting of the support slat 21. When the support slat 21 enters the horizontal state, the upper rotation limit bar 41 forms a rotation limit on the support slat 21. During the rotation process of the internal threaded barrel 27 in the aforementioned stage, due to the action of the return spring 24, the support plate frame 20 always maintains a horizontal state.

[0044] Furthermore, when the telescopic strip 26 is completely withdrawn from the limiting cylinder 47 into which it is inserted, and the corresponding support strip 21 is rotated into a horizontal state, the electric telescopic rod 44 continues to work to realize the auxiliary pushing of the auxiliary push plate 46. Due to the relative movement of the auxiliary push plate 46 with respect to the support plate frame 20, the auxiliary push plate 46 has formed a rotational contact with the support plate frame 20. Therefore, when the auxiliary push plate 46 continues to move, it will form a rotational push on the support plate frame 20, which is manifested as the support plate frame 20 overcoming the elasticity of the return spring 24 and rotating and falling relative to the plate frame ear seat 22, so that the support plate frame 20 is separated from the area originally supported and covered by the automobile cover. After that, the automobile cover is supported by the rotating and raised support strip 21. In this stage, the support strip 21 no longer rotates further, and the conical spring in the mounting hole 32 undergoes elastic deformation, that is, the internal threaded shaft cylinder 33 rotates relative to the mounting hole 32, so that the internal threaded shaft cylinder 33 driven further 3 can have the feasibility of movement, and the area between the two adjacent support strips 21 will expose the automobile cover, so as to facilitate the image collector 1 and the irradiation light source 8 to form surface defect detection relative to the area originally blocked and not collected and detected by the automobile cover. After the detection is completed, the electric telescopic rod 44 controls the synchronous push plate 45 to move in the opposite direction and reset close to the external mounting frame 43, so that the rotated support plate frame 20 resumes rotation and lifting, and the telescopic strip 26 is relative to the corresponding limit cylinder 47 to form the rotation and fall reset of the support strip 21 that is inserted again and rotated and lifted. Finally, the stepping motor 15 enters the motion state again to realize the transportation of the automobile cover after the detection, so that the automobile cover moves out of the area between the light rotating ring 3 and the collection rotating ring 4, and then the automobile cover moved out of the area between the light rotating ring 3 and the collection rotating ring 4 is removed, and the data collected by the image collector 1 is analyzed by the control computer to achieve the purpose of detecting the surface defects of the automobile cover.

[0045] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for detecting surface defects of automobile panels based on machine vision, comprising a plurality of image collectors (1), characterized in that: The device also comprises a detection and conveying structure and a surrounding covering structure, wherein the surrounding covering structure comprises two fixed rings (2), the two fixed rings (2) are connected to the detection and conveying structure, the two fixed rings (2) are respectively rotatably connected to a light rotating ring (3) and a collection rotating ring (4), the light rotating ring (3) and the collection rotating ring (4) are respectively rotatably connected to an inner auxiliary rotating ring (5) and an outer auxiliary rotating ring (6), the outer auxiliary rotating ring (6) is fixedly connected to a plurality of light mounting frames (7), the plurality of light mounting frames (7) are fixedly connected to the light rotating ring (3), and the plurality of light mounting frames (7) are fixedly connected to the light rotating ring (3). A plurality of illumination light sources (8) are installed in the mounting frame (7), a plurality of detection mounting frames (9) are fixedly connected to the inner auxiliary rotating ring (5), the plurality of detection mounting frames (9) are fixedly connected to the acquisition rotating ring (4), a plurality of mounting openings (10) are provided on the plurality of detection mounting frames (9), a plurality of image collectors (1) are respectively installed in the plurality of mounting openings (10), a servo motor (11) is installed on the two fixed rings (2), and the two servo motors (11) are respectively used for rotationally driving the light rotating ring (3) and the acquisition rotating ring (4).

2. The device for detecting surface defects of automobile covering parts based on machine vision according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection conveying structure comprises a main frame (12), the two fixed rings (2) are fixedly connected to the main frame (12), a driving shaft (13) and a driven shaft (14) are rotatably connected inside the main frame (12), and a stepper motor (15) is installed outside the main frame (12), the rotating main shaft of the stepper motor (15) is connected to the driving shaft (13), an installation conveyor belt (16) and an auxiliary conveyor belt (17) are transmission-connected between the driving shaft (13) and the driven shaft (14), a plurality of alternating support components are installed between the installation conveyor belt (16) and the auxiliary conveyor belt (17), and an auxiliary drive component is installed on the main frame (12), and the auxiliary drive component is used for auxiliary driving of the alternating support component.

3. The device for detecting surface defects of automobile covering parts based on machine vision according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two active outer expansion rings (18) are fixedly connected to the driving shaft (13), two driven outer expansion rings (19) are fixedly connected to the driven shaft (14), the installation conveyor belt (16) and the auxiliary conveyor belt (17) are respectively transmission-connected to the two active outer expansion rings (18), and the installation conveyor belt (16) and the auxiliary conveyor belt (17) are respectively transmission-connected to the two driven outer expansion rings (19).

4. The device for detecting surface defects of automobile covering parts based on machine vision according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The alternating support assembly comprises a support plate frame (20) and a support slat (21); the support plate frame (20) and the support slat (21) are rotatably connected to a plate frame ear seat (22) and a slat ear seat (23) respectively; the plate frame ear seat (22) and the slat ear seat (23) are both fixedly connected to the mounting conveyor belt (16); a return spring (24) is fixedly connected between the support plate frame (20) and the plate frame ear seat (22); a return spring (25) is connected between the support slat (21) and the slat ear seat (23); a telescopic slat (26) is slidably connected inside the support plate frame (20); a progressive linkage member is installed inside the support plate frame (20); the progressive linkage member matches the support slat (21) and the telescopic slat (26); a limit opening is provided on the auxiliary conveyor belt (17); the limit opening matches the telescopic slat (26).

5. The device for detecting surface defects of automobile covering parts based on machine vision according to claim 4, characterized in that: The progressive linkage member comprises an internal threaded cylinder (27), the internal threaded cylinder (27) is fixedly connected to a driving cam (28), the driving cam (28) is rotatably connected to a transmission rod (29), the transmission rod (29) is rotatably connected to the telescopic strip (26), the internal threaded cylinder (27) is internally threadedly connected to a threaded driving rod (30), the threaded driving rod (30) is slidably connected to the plate frame ear seat (22), the threaded driving rod (30) is connected to a threaded driven rod (31), and the threaded driven rod (31) is transmission-connected to the support strip (21).

6. The device for detecting surface defects of automobile covering parts based on machine vision according to claim 5, characterized in that: The support slat (21) is provided with a mounting circular hole (32), an internally threaded shaft cylinder (33) is fixedly connected to the mounting circular hole (32) via a conical spring, the threaded follower rod (31) is threadedly connected to the internally threaded shaft cylinder (33), and the internally threaded shaft cylinder (33) is rotatably connected to the slat ear seat (23), an extension cylinder (34) is fixedly connected to the outside of the slat ear seat (23), the return spring (25) is fixedly connected to the extension cylinder (34), and the return spring (25) is fixedly connected to the threaded follower rod (31).

7. The device for detecting surface defects of automobile covering parts based on machine vision according to claim 6, characterized in that: The plate frame ear seat (22) is fixedly connected to a guide sleeve (35) outside, the threaded drive rod (30) is provided with a guide outer plane (36), the guide sleeve (35) is provided with a guide inner plane (37), the guide inner plane (37) matches the guide outer plane (36), the support plate frame (20) is fixedly connected to a support shaft (38) and a support cylinder (39), the support shaft (38) and the support cylinder (39) are both rotatably connected to the plate frame ear seat (22), and the threaded drive rod (30) passes through the support cylinder (39).

8. The device for detecting surface defects of automobile covering parts based on machine vision according to claim 7, characterized in that: An articulated transmission rod (40) is hinged between the threaded driving rod (30) and the threaded driven rod (31), and an upper rotation limit bar (41) and a lower rotation limit bar (42) are arranged in the slat ear seat (23). The upper rotation limit bar (41) and the lower rotation limit bar (42) are used to support the rotation raising limit and the rotation lowering limit of the slat (21), respectively.

9. The device for detecting surface defects of automobile covering parts based on machine vision according to claim 8, characterized in that: The auxiliary drive assembly comprises an external mounting frame (43) and an electric telescopic rod (44), wherein the external mounting frame (43) is fixedly connected to the main frame (12), the electric telescopic rod (44) is mounted on the external mounting frame (43), a synchronous push plate (45) is mounted on the telescopic rod of the electric telescopic rod (44), the synchronous push plate (45) is fixedly connected to two guide rods, the two guide rods are both slidably connected to the external mounting frame (43), and an auxiliary push plate (46) is fixedly connected to the internal threaded cylinder (27), and the auxiliary push plate (46) matches the synchronous push plate (45).

10. The device for detecting surface defects of automobile covering parts based on machine vision according to claim 9, characterized in that: A limiting cylinder (47) is fixedly connected in the limiting opening, and the limiting cylinder (47) matches the telescopic strip (26).

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