Fuel cell detection system and detection method

Abstract

The invention provides a fuel cell test system and a test method. The fuel cell comprises a first current collector, a first runner plate, a membrane electrode, a second runner plate and a second current collector which are stacked, a first runner region and a second runner region are respectively arranged on the first runner plate and the second runner plate and are used for introducing a first gas and a second gas, so that the first gas and the second gas are subjected to electrochemical reaction through the membrane electrode; the current density detection plate is arranged on the side, away from the first flow channel plate, of the first current collector, a detection area is arranged on the current density detection plate, and the projection of the detection area on the membrane electrode can cover the projection of the first flow channel area and / or the second flow channel area on the membrane electrode; and the acquisition device is used for acquiring the current density of different areas on the first current collector through the current density detection plate. By using the test system, the current distribution on the current collector of the battery model is acquired, and the acquisition result can comprehensively represent the performance parameters of the battery, thereby providing guidance for the design of the battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a fuel cell detection system and detection method. Background Art

[0002] A fuel cell is a power generation unit composed of anode and cathode plates and a membrane electrode, which converts chemical energy into electrical energy, accompanied by the generation of water and the release of heat. Among them, a fine structure is set on the plate to form a flow field, and the fuel, oxidant, coolant and reaction products are distributed and transmitted in a specific flow field. In particular, due to the different gas concentrations and distribution uniformity in each area, the current density generated in each area on the plate is different; therefore, by designing the corresponding plate structure and current density detection device, detecting the current density of different areas of the plate to guide the design of the plate is an important means to improve the efficiency and rationality of the plate design.

[0003] The current density detection in the prior art usually uses a small-sized flow channel plate to perform partial performance detection. For example, a 5*5cm graphite flow channel plate is commonly used in the industry. The small-sized flow channel plate is only a small part of the complete flow channel plate. The corresponding test conditions are quite different from the actual conditions. It cannot fully reflect the performance of the flow channel plate and has little reference value for the design of the flow channel plate. Therefore, it is urgent to provide a special flow channel and its current density detection device to better reflect the performance of the flow field structure, so as to provide guidance for the design of fuel cells. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a fuel cell testing system and a testing method. Various aspects involved in the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below.

[0005] In a first aspect, a fuel cell detection system is provided, wherein the fuel cell comprises: a first current collector, a first flow channel plate, a membrane electrode, a second flow channel plate and a second current collector arranged in a stacked manner; wherein a first flow channel region is arranged on the first flow channel plate, and a second flow channel region is arranged on the second flow channel plate, the first flow channel region and the second flow channel region are respectively used to introduce a first gas and a second gas, and the first gas and the second gas undergo an electrochemical reaction through the membrane electrode; the detection system comprises: a current density detection plate and a collection device; wherein the current density detection plate is arranged on a side of the first current collector away from the first flow channel plate, and a detection region is provided on the current density detection plate, and a projection of the detection region on the membrane electrode along the assembly direction of the fuel cell can cover a projection of the first flow channel region and / or the second flow channel region on the membrane electrode; the collection device is used to collect current density in different regions on the first current collector through the current density detection plate.

[0006] According to the above technical means, a battery model designed based on the flow channel characteristics of the complete electrode reaction zone is used for verification, and the current distribution on the current collector is collected using a current density detection plate. The results of the current density detection can comprehensively characterize the performance parameters of the battery design scheme and provide guidance for the optimal design of fuel cells.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first flow channel area includes a plurality of first sub-areas arranged at intervals along a first direction, and the second flow channel area includes a plurality of second sub-areas arranged corresponding to the plurality of first sub-areas; the detection area of ​​the current density detection plate includes a plurality of sub-detection areas arranged at intervals along the first direction, and the plurality of sub-detection areas are respectively arranged corresponding to the plurality of first sub-areas or the plurality of second sub-areas, and adjacent sub-detection areas are insulated from each other, and the collection device is used to collect current density of the plurality of first sub-areas through the current density detection plate.

[0008] According to the above-mentioned technical means, by setting the detection area of ​​the current density detection plate to multiple sub-detection areas arranged along the length direction, the measurement granularity of determining the current density distribution in the flow channel area is reduced by utilizing the multiple sub-detection areas, thereby improving the accuracy of the flow channel performance characterization and effectively guiding the design of the flow channel.

[0009] In some embodiments, each of the sub-detection areas includes a plurality of current detection circuits arranged in an array along the first direction and the second direction, and adjacent current detection circuits are insulated from each other; wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the assembly direction; and the acquisition device is used to: acquire current density at different positions in the first sub-detection area through the plurality of current detection circuits.

[0010] According to the above technical means, an array-arranged current detection circuit is set in the current density detection board, which further reduces the granularity of current density collection, which is conducive to comprehensively characterizing the performance parameters of the design scheme from multiple dimensions.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first current collector is a cathode current collector, and the second current collector is an anode current collector; or, the first current collector is an anode current collector, and the second current collector is a cathode current collector.

[0012] According to the above technical means, the position of the current density detection plate can be flexibly set according to different battery structures, thereby increasing the application scope of the test system.

[0013] In some embodiments, the fuel cell also includes: a first end plate, arranged on a side of the current density detection plate away from the first current collector; a second end plate, arranged on a side of the second current collector away from the second flow channel plate; the first end plate and the second end plate are connected by a connecting member, and the connecting member is used to apply pressure along the assembly direction so that the current density detection plate is attached to a side of the first current collector away from the first flow channel plate.

[0014] According to the above technical means, by arranging the first end plate and the second end plate at both ends of the fuel cell, the current density detection plate can be closely fitted with the first current collector under the action of the connector, thereby ensuring the accuracy of current density collection.

[0015] In some embodiments, the fuel cell further includes: a first insulating plate disposed between the current density detection plate and the first end plate; and a second insulating plate disposed between the second current collector and the second end plate.

[0016] According to the above technical means, a first insulating plate and a second insulating plate are arranged between the current density detection plate and the first end plate and between the second current collector and the second end plate, so as to isolate the current collector from the end plate and prevent the end plate from being charged.

[0017] In some embodiments, a plurality of first temperature measuring holes are provided on the top surface of the first flow channel plate along the second direction, the plurality of first temperature measuring holes are spaced apart along the first direction, and ends of the plurality of first temperature measuring holes extend to the middle of the first flow channel area; and / or a plurality of second temperature measuring holes are provided on the top surface of the second flow channel plate along the second direction, the plurality of second temperature measuring holes are spaced apart along the first direction, and ends of the plurality of second temperature measuring holes extend to the middle of the second flow channel area; the fuel cell detection system further includes a plurality of temperature detection units, the plurality of temperature detection units are arranged in the plurality of first temperature measuring holes and / or the plurality of second temperature measuring holes; the acquisition device is also used to determine the temperatures at different positions in the first flow channel area and / or the second flow channel area through the plurality of temperature detection units.

[0018] According to the above technical means, by setting a temperature measuring hole on the flow channel plate, the temperature of the flow channel area inside the battery is detected in real time by using the temperature detection unit set in the temperature measuring hole, which can timely reflect the changes in the local temperature inside the battery. Based on this, the parameters of the fuel cell are evaluated, providing guidance for the design of the fuel cell.

[0019] In some embodiments, the acquisition device includes a display unit for displaying the current density distribution of the first current collector in a graphical interface.

[0020] According to the above technical means, a display unit is provided in the acquisition device to graphically display the collected current density distribution, thereby helping designers to quickly locate design problems and improve verification efficiency.

[0021] In some embodiments, the current detection circuit is a sampling resistor or a Hall element.

[0022] According to the above technical means, the current density at different positions in the first sub-channel area is collected by using a sampling resistor or a Hall element as a current detection circuit. The principle is simple and the operation is reliable.

[0023] In a second aspect, a fuel cell detection method is provided, which is applied to a fuel cell detection system, wherein the fuel cell comprises: a first current collector, a first flow channel plate, a membrane electrode, a second flow channel plate and a second current collector arranged in a stacked manner; wherein a first flow channel region is arranged on the first flow channel plate, and a second flow channel region is arranged on the second flow channel plate, the first flow channel region and the second flow channel region are respectively used to introduce a first gas and a second gas, and the first gas and the second gas undergo an electrochemical reaction through the membrane electrode; the detection system comprises: a current density detection plate, which is arranged on a side of the first current collector away from the first flow channel plate, the current density detection plate having a detection region, and a projection area of ​​the detection region on the membrane electrode is not less than a projection area of ​​the first flow channel region and / or the second flow channel region on the membrane electrode; the method further comprises: using the current density detection plate to collect current density in different regions on the first current collector. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell testing system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A front view of the first flow channel plate in FIG.

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 An axial view of the first flow channel plate in FIG.

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a current density detection board provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a current density detection plate provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A local schematic diagram of the A region in FIG.

[0030] Figure 7 is an example diagram of the current density distribution displayed in the graphical interface;

[0031] Figure 8 A schematic flow chart of a fuel cell testing method provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the present application are further elaborated in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. The described embodiments should not be regarded as limiting the present application. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0033] In the following description, reference is made to "some embodiments", which describe a subset of all possible embodiments, but it is understood that "some embodiments" may be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments, and may be combined with each other without conflict. The terms "first / second / third" involved are merely used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific order for the objects. It is understood that "first / second / third" may be interchanged in a specific order or sequence where permitted, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0035] The embodiments of the present application provide a fuel cell testing system and testing method. The testing system is used to test the fuel cell, especially to test the current density on the current collector of the fuel cell. The test results can provide guidance for the flow channel design of the fuel cell flow channel plate and the design and selection of the membrane electrode. The fuel cell to which the testing system is applied can be a battery used in a real scene, or the fuel cell can also be a verification model designed based on the fuel cell used in the real scene, which can reflect all the flow channel characteristics of the fuel cell used in the real scene, that is, the testing system can be used to test the performance of the fuel cell used in the real scene, or the verification model can be tested in the design stage of the fuel cell to provide guidance for the battery design.

[0036] The technical solution of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell test system provided in an embodiment of the present application. For the convenience of the following description, Figure 1The specific structure of the fuel cell to which the test system is applied is shown in FIG.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the fuel cell 100 includes a first current collector 110 , a first flow channel plate 120 , a membrane electrode 130 , a second flow channel plate 140 , and a second current collector 150 which are stacked.

[0038] The first flow channel plate 120 is provided with a first flow channel region 121 , the second flow channel plate 140 is provided with a second flow channel region, and at least one group of flow channels is provided in the flow channel region of each flow channel plate.

[0039] A membrane electrode 130 is disposed between the first flow channel plate 120 and the second flow channel plate 140. The membrane electrode 130 separates the first flow channel region 121 and the second flow channel region from each other. The first gas and the second gas are respectively introduced into the first flow channel plate 120 and the second flow channel plate 140. The first gas and the second gas undergo an electrochemical reaction through the membrane electrode 130.

[0040] The first current collector 110 is disposed on a side of the first flow channel plate 120 away from the membrane electrode 130, and the second current collector 150 is disposed on a side of the second flow channel plate 140 away from the membrane electrode 130. Both the first current collector 110 and the second current collector 150 are provided with tabs, and the tabs on the two current collectors are connected to an external circuit. During the above electrochemical reaction process, electrons move in the external circuit through the current collectors, thereby forming a current in the external circuit.

[0041] Taking the fuel cell as a hydrogen fuel cell as an example, the first flow channel plate 120 may be a cathode flow channel plate, the second flow channel plate 140 may be an anode flow channel plate, and the membrane electrode 130 may be a proton exchange membrane. The essence of a hydrogen fuel cell is a reverse device of water electrolysis, and its basic principle is based on the redox reaction of hydrogen and oxygen at the electrodes, the anode is a hydrogen electrode, and the cathode is an oxygen electrode.

[0042] As an example, the membrane electrode 130 may use a gas diffusion layer made of carbon paper coated with a microporous layer, platinum carbon as a catalyst, and a proton exchange membrane using a perfluorosulfonic acid proton exchange membrane, which is placed in a cut polyester frame and manufactured through a heat pressing process.

[0043] During the operation of the hydrogen fuel cell, oxygen (or air) and hydrogen are introduced into the first flow channel plate 120 and the second flow channel plate 140 respectively, and the hydrogen is oxidized into hydrogen ions (protons) and electrons at the anode (positive electrode). The reaction chemical formula is: H2→2H + +2e; electrons flow to the cathode (negative electrode) through the external circuit, and hydrogen ions reach the cathode through the proton exchange membrane.

[0044] At the cathode, hydrogen ions combine with oxygen to generate water, while releasing a large amount of heat energy. The cathode reaction is: 1 / 2O2+2H+ +2e→H2O, the overall chemical reaction is H2+1 / 2O2=H2O. The potential difference generated in the above reaction process drives the external circuit to generate electrical energy. Therefore, as long as hydrogen and oxygen are continuously supplied to the anode and cathode of the battery, electrical energy can be continuously output to the external circuit.

[0045] The test system 200 includes a current density detection plate 210 and a collection device 220. The current density detection plate 210 is arranged on a side of the first current collector 110 away from the first flow channel plate 120. The current density detection plate 210 has a detection area 211, which is designed using a contour, and the projection of the detection area 211 on the membrane electrode 130 along the assembly direction of the fuel cell can cover the projection of the first flow channel area 121 of the first flow channel plate 120 or the second flow channel area of ​​the second flow channel plate 140, so that the detection range of the current density detection plate 210 can completely cover the flow channel area.

[0046] The collection device 220 is connected to the current density detection board 210 . The collection device 220 may be, for example, a host computer, which can determine the current density of each area on the first current collector 110 through the current density detection board 210 .

[0047] According to the above technical means, a battery model designed based on the flow channel characteristics of the complete electrode reaction zone is used for verification, and the current density detection plate 210 is used to collect the current distribution on the collector. The results of the current density detection can comprehensively characterize the performance parameters of the battery design scheme and provide guidance for the optimal design of the fuel cell.

[0048] It can be understood that in the above-mentioned fuel cell, the first flow channel plate 120 and the second flow channel plate 140 are symmetrically arranged relative to the membrane electrode 130, and their structures are basically the same. Therefore, when the specific structures of the first flow channel plate 120 and the second flow channel plate 140 are involved in the following text, the first flow channel plate 120 will be used as an example for description, and the structure of the second flow channel plate 140 can be referred to Figure 2 and Figure 3 And the following description, Figure 2 and Figure 3 They are respectively a front view and an axonometric view of the first flow channel plate 120 .

[0049] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the first flow channel region 121 includes a plurality of first sub-regions 1211 arranged along a first direction, and the second flow channel region includes a second sub-region arranged corresponding to the plurality of first sub-regions 1211 .

[0050] As mentioned above, the first flow channel area 121 and the second flow channel area are arranged in a rectangular shape, and their size along the first direction is usually much larger than their size along the second direction, and the gas in the flow channel area is usually introduced from one end along the first direction, and the water obtained by the reaction and the gas for the reaction are discharged from the other end. In the above process, along the first direction, the concentration of the gas in the flow channel area is usually not the same, which will result in different current density distributions at different positions. This uneven distribution will produce internal voltage differences, resulting in a decrease in the utilization rate of the reaction gas, and then a decrease in battery performance.

[0051] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in the embodiment of the present application, the first flow channel area 121 is divided into a plurality of first sub-areas 1211, and the plurality of first sub-areas 1211 are spaced apart along the first direction. When the first gas enters the first flow channel area 121 from the gas inlet 122, it first reaches the gas inlet distribution area 123, and the gas inlet distribution area 123 is connected with the plurality of first sub-areas 1211. Under the action of pressure, the first gas flows into the plurality of first sub-areas 1211 respectively. The excess gas that does not participate in the reaction will flow out from the first sub-area 1211 to the gas outlet distribution area 125, and the gas discharged from each first sub-area 1211 will be discharged from the gas outlet 124 after mixing in the gas outlet distribution area 125.

[0052] Corresponding to the first flow channel plate 120, the second flow channel plate 140 has a plurality of second sub-regions arranged corresponding to the plurality of first sub-regions 1211, and the first gas and the second gas in the corresponding two first sub-regions 1211 and the second sub-region undergo electrochemical reaction through the membrane electrode 130. Similar to the first flow channel plate 120, the second flow channel plate 140 has an air inlet and an air inlet distribution area at one end along the first direction, and an air outlet and an air outlet distribution area at the other end.

[0053] On the basis of the above improvements, in order to determine the distribution of the electrochemical reaction in each sub-region, in the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, as Figure 4 As shown, the detection area 211 of the current density detection plate 210 is set to include a plurality of sub-detection areas 2111 spaced apart along the first direction, and the plurality of sub-detection areas 2111 are arranged corresponding to the plurality of first sub-areas 1211 or the plurality of second sub-areas, so as to respectively detect the current density of different first sub-areas 1211 or second sub-areas. At the same time, in order to avoid the influence between adjacent sub-detection areas 2111, adjacent sub-detection areas 2111 are set to be insulated from each other.

[0054] According to the above-mentioned technical means, by setting the detection area 211 of the current density detection plate 210 to multiple sub-detection areas 2111 arranged along the length direction, the measurement granularity of determining the current density distribution in the flow channel area is reduced by utilizing the multiple sub-detection areas 2111, thereby improving the accuracy of the flow channel performance characterization and effectively guiding the design of the flow channel.

[0055] It can also be understood that, in the case where the fuel cell is a hydrogen fuel cell, the first gas flowing into the first flow channel plate 120 is hydrogen, and due to its low density, in each first sub-region 1211, there may be uneven gas distribution along the vertical direction, or the electrochemical reaction intensity in the second direction may be different due to the flow channel design.

[0056] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a current density detection board 210 provided in another embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of area A in FIG. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, each sub-detection area 2111 on the current density detection plate 210 includes a plurality of current detection circuits 2111A arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction. The second direction is perpendicular to the aforementioned first direction and the assembly direction (or stacking direction) of the fuel cell.

[0057] In each sub-detection region 2111, adjacent current detection circuits 2111A are insulated from each other, and each current detection circuit 2111A is used to determine the current density of a partial region corresponding to the detection circuit on the first current collector 110. The multiple current detection circuits 2111A are all connected to a collection device 220, and the collection device 220 is used to collect current densities at different positions in the first sub-channel region through the multiple current detection circuits 2111A.

[0058] According to the above technical means, an array-arranged current detection circuit 2111A is provided in the current density detection board 210, which further reduces the granularity of current density collection, and is conducive to comprehensively characterizing the performance parameters of the design scheme from multiple dimensions.

[0059] In some embodiments, the current detection circuit 2111A is a sampling resistor or a Hall element.

[0060] When the current detection circuit 2111A is a sampling resistor, the current on the first current collector 110 will flow through the sampling resistor. According to the relationship between current and voltage U=IR, by measuring the voltage across each sampling resistor, the current in the area on the first current collector 110 corresponding to each sampling resistor can be determined. The resistance values ​​of the sampling resistors used in each current detection circuit 2111A are preferably set to be the same.

[0061] In the case where the current detection circuit 2111A is a Hall element, the current in the first current collector 110 flows into the Hall element, and the current magnitude is measured based on the Hall effect. The Hall element can be, for example, a high-precision Hall effect current sensor, in which a differential common-mode suppression circuit can be provided to prevent its output from being interfered with by external signals. The Hall elements used in each current detection circuit 2111A are the same.

[0062] As an implementation method, a fixed-value resistor is connected in series between the Hall element and the acquisition device 220, and a capacitor is set in parallel in the output circuit bypass to ensure the uniformity and accuracy of the electrical signal output by the Hall element.

[0063] According to the above technical means, the current density at different positions in the first sub-channel area is collected by using a sampling resistor or a Hall element as the current detection circuit 2111A. The principle is simple and the operation is reliable.

[0064] In some embodiments, the first current collector 110 is a cathode current collector, and the second current collector 150 is an anode current collector; or, the first current collector 110 is an anode current collector, and the second current collector 150 is a cathode current collector. That is, in the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the current density detection plate 210 can be set on the cathode side or the anode side.

[0065] According to the above technical means, the position of the current density detection plate 210 can be flexibly set according to different battery structures, thereby increasing the application scope of the test system.

[0066] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 The fuel cell 100 further includes a first end plate 160 and a second end plate 170. The first end plate 160 is disposed on a side of the current density plate away from the first current collector 110, and the second end plate 170 is disposed on a side of the second current collector 150 away from the second flow channel plate 140. The first end plate 160 and the second end plate 170 are connected by a connector, which is used to provide pressure along the assembly direction of the fuel cell for each component in the fuel cell, so that the current density detection plate 210 can be attached to a side of the first current collector 110 away from the first flow channel plate 120. At the same time, under the above-mentioned pressure, the membrane electrode 130 can be closely attached to the first flow channel plate 120 and the second flow channel plate 140, so that the first flow channel plate 120 and the second flow channel plate 140 are respectively isolated from the space formed between the membrane electrode 130.

[0067] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific type of the connecting member connecting the first end plate 160 and the second end plate 170. The connecting member may be, for example, a threaded connecting member such as a bolt.

[0068] According to the above technical means, by setting the first end plate 160 and the second end plate 170 at both ends of the fuel cell, the current density detection plate 210 can be closely fitted with the first current collector 110 under the action of the connecting member, ensuring the accuracy of current density collection.

[0069] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 1 The fuel cell 100 further includes a first insulating plate 180 and a second insulating plate 190 . The first insulating plate 180 is disposed between the current density detection plate 210 and the first end plate 160 , and the second insulating plate 190 is disposed between the second current collector 150 and the second end plate 170 .

[0070] According to the above technical means, a first insulating plate 180 and a second insulating plate 190 are arranged between the current density detection plate 210 and the first end plate 160 and between the second current collector 150 and the second end plate 170, so as to isolate the current collector from the end plate and prevent the end plate from being charged.

[0071] In some embodiments, Figure 1-3 As shown, a plurality of first temperature measuring holes 126 are disposed on the top surface of the first flow channel plate 120 along the second direction. The plurality of first temperature measuring holes 126 are spaced apart along the first direction, and the end of each first temperature measuring hole 126 extends to the middle of the first flow channel region 121 .

[0072] Similarly, a plurality of second temperature measuring holes are arranged on the top surface of the second flow channel plate 140 along the second direction. The plurality of second temperature measuring holes are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and the end of each second temperature measuring hole extends to the middle of the second flow channel area.

[0073] When the first flow channel plate 120 and the second flow channel plate 140 have Figure 2 and Figure 3 When the plurality of sub-channel regions are shown in , the number of the plurality of first temperature measuring holes 126 and the plurality of second temperature measuring holes is the same as the number of the first sub-channel region and the second sub-channel region. In other words, the plurality of first temperature measuring holes 126 and the second temperature measuring holes are used to measure the temperature of the corresponding first sub-channel region and the second sub-channel region, respectively.

[0074] The fuel cell detection system further includes a plurality of temperature detection units, which are respectively disposed in the plurality of first temperature measurement holes 126 and / or the plurality of second temperature measurement holes.

[0075] The temperature detection unit in the embodiment of the present application may be a temperature sensor, whose temperature measuring probe extends into the first temperature measuring hole 126 and / or the second temperature measuring hole to measure the temperature of each first sub-flow channel area or the second sub-flow channel area. The above-mentioned temperature sensor may be a thermocouple temperature sensor or a thermal resistor temperature sensor, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit its specific type.

[0076] The aforementioned acquisition device 220 is also used to determine the temperatures of different positions in the first flow channel area 121 and / or the multiple second flow channel areas through multiple temperature detection units.

[0077] According to the above technical means, by setting a temperature measuring hole on the flow channel plate, the temperature of the flow channel area inside the battery is detected in real time by using the temperature detection unit set in the temperature measuring hole, which can timely reflect the changes in the local temperature inside the battery. Based on this, the parameters of the fuel cell are evaluated, providing guidance for the design of the fuel cell.

[0078] In some embodiments, the collection device 220 includes a display unit for displaying a graphical interface. The collection unit can display the current density on the first current collector 110 in a graphical manner after the current density detection plate 210 is used to collect the current density.

[0079] Figure 7 is an example of current density distribution displayed using a graphical interface. Figure 7 In the example shown, the current density distribution is displayed in the form of a bar graph, the horizontal axis of the bar graph represents a plurality of first sub-channel regions distributed along the first direction in the first channel region 121, and the vertical axis represents the current magnitude of each first sub-channel region. Figure 7 It can be seen that the current at the end close to the air inlet is greater than that at the end far from the air inlet.

[0080] Understandably, Figure 7 The current density distribution shown in the figure is obtained using Figure 4 The results collected by the current density detection board 210 are further subdivided into Figure 5 When the form shown is Figure 7 This two-dimensional bar graph cannot display all the data. In this case, other forms such as a three-dimensional bar graph can be used to display the current density collection results, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0081] According to the above technical means, a display unit is provided in the acquisition device to graphically display the collected current density distribution, thereby helping designers to quickly locate design problems and improve verification efficiency.

[0082] In some embodiments, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first flow channel plate 120 includes a first flow channel area 121 , an air inlet 122 , an air inlet distribution area 123 , an air outlet 124 , an air outlet distribution area 125 , a plurality of first temperature measuring holes 126 , a first plane 127 , a second plane 128 and a third plane 129 .

[0083] During the use of the fuel cell, the first flow channel plate 120 and the second flow channel plate 140 are placed horizontally with the long side of the side without the temperature measuring hole facing downward, which is consistent with the full-size electrode plate on the entire stack, so that the first flow channel plate 120 and the second flow channel plate 140 are closer to the actual use state of the full-size electrode plate, thereby improving the accuracy of the flow channel performance characterization.

[0084] An air inlet 122 is provided at one end of the first flow channel plate 120 , which can be connected to the air inlet pipeline through a threaded hole, and the air inlet 122 is connected to the first flow channel area 121 , and the first gas can enter the first flow channel area 121 through the air inlet pipeline and the air inlet 122 .

[0085] The other end of the first flow channel plate 120 along the first direction is provided with an outlet 124 which is connected to the outlet pipeline via a threaded hole. The outlet 124 is communicated with the first flow channel area 121 , and the reaction gas and exhaust gas in the first flow channel area 121 can be discharged from the outlet 124 .

[0086] Along the vertical direction (second direction), the air inlet 122 is higher than the air outlet 124 , and is arranged diagonally on both sides of the first flow channel region 121 .

[0087] The drain port is connected to the first flow channel area 121 and is used to discharge water generated by the reaction from the first flow channel area 121 . The drain port is vertically arranged at the bottom of the first flow channel area 121 and is diagonally arranged with the air inlet 122 .

[0088] As a possible implementation, the aforementioned air outlet 124 can be reused as a drain outlet.

[0089] The air inlet distribution area 123 is located between the air inlet 122 and the first flow channel area 121, and the air outlet distribution area 125 is located between the air outlet 124 and the first flow channel area 121. When the first flow channel area 121 includes multiple first sub-flow channel areas, the air inlet distribution area 123 and the air outlet distribution area 125 are both connected to the multiple first sub-flow channel areas.

[0090] There is a height difference between the inlet distribution area 123 and the outlet distribution area 125 and the ridge plane of the first flow channel area 121 to prevent the accumulation of generated water and condensed water at the rear of the plate flow field area and at the outlet. As an example, the height difference is between 1-2 mm.

[0091] In some embodiments, the first flow channel region 121 contains all the structural features of multiple designed reaction zone flow channels, which can truly characterize the characteristics of the flow field of the complete flow channel plate reaction zone. As an example, the width of the first flow channel region 121 is between 5-40 mm, and 3-5 flow channels can be designed. This size can match the flow field length range of the reaction zone of the complete plate between 150-280 mm, and the reaction zone area is 20-100 cm 2 between.

[0092] In some embodiments, the first flow channel plate 120 is made of a graphite plate, and the flow channel characteristics of the flow channel area on the first flow channel plate 120 can be made consistent with the flow channel characteristics of the reaction area of ​​the complete electrode plate by machining.

[0093] As an implementation method, the first flow channel plate 120 can also be made of metal materials such as stainless steel, aluminum alloy and copper, and the flow channel characteristics of the flow channel area thereon are made consistent with the flow channel characteristics of the reaction zone of the complete electrode plate through machining. At the same time, a coating consistent with the complete electrode plate can be applied to the first flow channel plate 120, so that the contact angle of the flow channel in the first flow channel area 121 is consistent with the flow channel in the reaction zone of the entire plate.

[0094] According to the above technical means, the material of the flow channel plate has high versatility, and can be processed using a variety of metal materials and graphite. The metal flow channel plate can also be sprayed with coatings, which can be applied to the scheme verification of graphite fuel cell stacks and metal fuel cell stacks.

[0095] Continue reading Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the embodiment of the present application, the first plane 127 and the second plane 128 of the first flow channel plate 120 are of the same height, and are also consistent with the ridge plane height of the first flow channel region 121. At this time, the compression height of the carbon paper of the membrane electrode 130 needs to be controlled by the stacking process as needed.

[0096] Optionally, the height difference between the first plane 127, the second plane 128 and the ridge plane of the first flow channel area 121 can be determined according to the determined compression amount of the membrane electrode carbon paper 130 and the thickness of the membrane electrode frame, and the compression height of the membrane electrode carbon paper can be locked, so that the membrane electrode carbon paper can be assembled with a fixed compression amount during stacking, reducing the difficulty of controlling the stacking height during stacking and effectively improving the stacking assembly accuracy.

[0097] As an example, the first flow channel region 121 , the first plane 127 , and the second plane 128 are 0.2-1 mm higher than the third plane 129 , so as to improve the plane matching accuracy of the assembly of the first flow channel plate 120 and the second flow channel plate 140 .

[0098] like Figure 3As shown, as an example, grooves are machined on the first flow channel plate 120 to divide the flow channel into multiple (e.g., 5-20) areas, and insulating structural glue is filled in the grooves of the flow channel plate to bond the divided flow channel areas into a whole. The width of the insulating structural glue can be 1-5 mm and the depth can be 18-33 mm. The insulating sealant does not completely fill the grooves on the flow channel plate in the thickness direction (i.e., the aforementioned assembly direction), and a certain deformation space for the structural glue due to thermal expansion and contraction is reserved to prevent the deformation of the structural glue from causing the flow channel plate to break.

[0099] As an example, the membrane electrode 130 has a length of 250-400 mm and a width of 50-150 mm. Correspondingly, the first current collector 110 and the second current collector 150 have a length of 250-400 mm, a width of 50-150 mm, and a thickness of 1.5-5 mm; the first insulating plate 180 and the second insulating plate have a length of 250-400 mm, a width of 50-150 mm, and a thickness of 2-15 mm, which are used to isolate the current collector from the end plate to prevent the end plate from being charged; the end plate has a length of 300-500 mm, a width of 120-200 mm, and a thickness of 25-50 mm, which is used to apply force along the assembly direction to each part of the fuel cell so that the parts fit closely to each other.

[0100] As an example, the number of the first temperature measuring holes 126 and the second temperature measuring holes is 2-20, and a plurality of the first temperature measuring holes 126 and a plurality of the second temperature measuring holes may be arranged alternately on both sides of the membrane electrode 130 .

[0101] As an example, the radius of the first temperature measuring hole 126 and the second temperature measuring hole may be 1-2 mm.

[0102] According to the foregoing description, the first temperature measuring hole 126 and the second temperature measuring hole extend in depth to the middle of the first flow channel plate 120 and the second flow channel plate 140 along the second direction. As a possible implementation method, they can also be extended to different positions along the second direction as needed to measure the temperature at different positions of the reaction zone.

[0103] Combination of the above Figure 1-Figure 7 , describes in detail the device embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 , the method embodiment of the present application is described in detail, and it should be understood that the description of the method embodiment corresponds to the device embodiment. Therefore, the part not described in detail can refer to the device embodiment above.

[0104] Figure 8It is a schematic flow chart of a fuel cell detection method provided in an embodiment of the present application. The method is applied to a fuel cell detection system. The detection system can be a fuel cell detection system described in any of the embodiments above. The fuel cell comprises: a first current collector, a first flow channel plate, a membrane electrode, a second flow channel plate, and a second current collector arranged in a stacked manner; wherein a first flow channel region is provided on the first flow channel plate, and a second flow channel region is provided on the second flow channel plate. The first flow channel region and the second flow channel region are used to introduce a first gas and a second gas respectively, and the first gas and the second gas undergo an electrochemical reaction through the membrane electrode. The battery can be, for example, Figure 1 The fuel cell 100 is a fuel cell 100. The fuel cell detection system using the method includes a battery density detection plate, which is arranged on the side of the first current collector away from the first flow channel plate. The current density detection plate 210 has a detection area, and the projection area of ​​the detection area on the membrane electrode is not less than the projection area of ​​the first flow channel area and / or the second flow channel area on the membrane electrode. The detection system can be, for example, Figure 1 Detection system 200 in.

[0105] Figure 8 The method includes step S810, using a current density detection plate to collect current densities in different areas on the first current collector.

[0106] In some embodiments, the first flow channel region includes a plurality of first sub-regions arranged at intervals along the first direction, and the second flow channel region includes a plurality of second sub-regions arranged corresponding to the plurality of first sub-regions; the detection region of the current density detection plate 210 includes a plurality of sub-detection regions arranged at intervals along the first direction, and the plurality of sub-detection regions are respectively arranged corresponding to the plurality of first sub-regions or the plurality of second sub-regions, and adjacent sub-detection regions are insulated from each other. The above-mentioned test method also includes: collecting the current density of the plurality of first sub-regions through the current density detection plate 210.

[0107] In some embodiments, each sub-detection area includes a plurality of current detection circuits arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction, and adjacent current detection circuits are insulated from each other; wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the assembly direction; the above-mentioned testing method also includes: collecting current density at different positions in the first sub-detection area through a plurality of current detection circuits.

[0108] In some embodiments, the current detection circuit is a sampling resistor or a Hall element.

[0109] In some embodiments, the first current collector is a cathode current collector and the second current collector is an anode current collector; or, the first current collector is an anode current collector and the second current collector is a cathode current collector.

[0110] In some embodiments, the fuel cell also includes: a first end plate, arranged on a side of the current density detection plate away from the first current collector; a second end plate, arranged on a side of the second current collector away from the second flow channel plate; the first end plate and the second end plate are connected by a connecting member, and the connecting member is used to apply pressure along the assembly direction so that the current density detection plate is attached to the side of the first current collector away from the first flow channel plate.

[0111] In some embodiments, the fuel cell further includes: a first insulating plate disposed between the current density detection plate and the first end plate; and a second insulating plate disposed between the second current collector and the second end plate.

[0112] In some embodiments, a plurality of first temperature measuring holes are arranged on the top surface of the first flow channel plate along the second direction, the plurality of first temperature measuring holes are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and the ends of the plurality of first temperature measuring holes extend to the middle of the first flow channel area; and / or a plurality of second temperature measuring holes are arranged on the top surface of the second flow channel plate along the second direction, the plurality of second temperature measuring holes are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and the ends of the plurality of second temperature measuring holes extend to the middle of the second flow channel area; the fuel cell detection system also includes a plurality of temperature detection units, and the plurality of temperature detection units are arranged in the plurality of first temperature measuring holes and / or the plurality of second temperature measuring holes; the aforementioned testing method also includes: determining the temperature of different positions in the first flow channel area and / or the second flow channel area by means of a plurality of temperature detection units.

[0113] In some embodiments, the acquisition device includes a display unit, and the aforementioned method further includes: displaying the current density distribution of the first current collector in a graphical interface.

[0114] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0115] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0116] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0117] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above”, and “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below”, and “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0118] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0119] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A fuel cell detection system, characterized in that: The fuel cell comprises: a first current collector, a first flow channel plate, a membrane electrode, a second flow channel plate and a second current collector which are stacked; The first flow channel plate is provided with a first flow channel area, and the second flow channel plate is provided with a second flow channel area, the first flow channel area and the second flow channel area are used to introduce a first gas and a second gas respectively, and the first gas and the second gas undergo an electrochemical reaction through the membrane electrode; The detection system comprises: a current density detection plate and a collection device; The current density detection plate is arranged on a side of the first current collector away from the first flow channel plate, and has a detection area on the current density detection plate, and a projection of the detection area on the membrane electrode along the assembly direction of the fuel cell can cover a projection of the first flow channel area and / or the second flow channel area on the membrane electrode; The collecting device is used to collect current density in different areas on the first current collector through the current density detection plate.

2. The fuel cell detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first flow channel region includes a plurality of first sub-regions arranged at intervals along a first direction, and the second flow channel region includes a plurality of second sub-regions arranged corresponding to the plurality of first sub-regions; The detection area of ​​the current density detection plate includes a plurality of sub-detection areas spaced apart along the first direction, the plurality of sub-detection areas are respectively arranged corresponding to the plurality of first sub-areas or the plurality of second sub-areas, and adjacent sub-detection areas are insulated from each other. The collection device is used to collect the current density of the plurality of first sub-areas through the current density detection plate.

3. The fuel cell detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the sub-detection areas includes a plurality of current detection circuits arranged in an array along the first direction and the second direction, and adjacent current detection circuits are insulated from each other; wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the assembly direction; The acquisition device is used to acquire current densities at different positions in the first sub-detection area through the multiple current detection circuits.

4. The fuel cell detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first current collector is a cathode current collector, and the second current collector is an anode current collector; or, The first current collector is an anode current collector, and the second current collector is a cathode current collector.

5. The fuel cell detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The fuel cell further comprises: A first end plate, arranged on a side of the current density detection plate away from the first current collector; A second end plate, disposed on a side of the second current collector away from the second flow channel plate; The first end plate and the second end plate are connected by a connecting piece, and the connecting piece is used to apply pressure along the assembly direction so that the current density detection plate is attached to a side of the first current collector away from the first flow channel plate.

6. The fuel cell detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fuel cell further comprises: a first insulating plate, disposed between the current density detection plate and the first end plate; The second insulating plate is disposed between the second current collector and the second end plate.

7. The fuel cell detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A plurality of first temperature measuring holes are arranged on the top surface of the first flow channel plate along the second direction, the plurality of first temperature measuring holes are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and the ends of the plurality of first temperature measuring holes extend to the middle of the first flow channel area; and / or, A plurality of second temperature measuring holes are arranged on the top surface of the second flow channel plate along the second direction, the plurality of second temperature measuring holes are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and the ends of the plurality of second temperature measuring holes extend to the middle of the second flow channel region; The fuel cell detection system further comprises a plurality of temperature detection units, wherein the plurality of temperature detection units are arranged in the plurality of first temperature measurement holes and / or the plurality of second temperature measurement holes; The acquisition device is further used to determine the temperatures of different positions in the first flow channel area and / or the second flow channel area through the multiple temperature detection units.

8. The fuel cell detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The acquisition device includes a display unit, which is used to display the current density distribution of the first current collector in a graphical interface.

9. The fuel cell detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The current detection circuit is a sampling resistor or a Hall element.

10. A fuel cell detection method, the method being applied to a fuel cell detection system, the fuel cell comprising: A first current collector, a first flow channel plate, a membrane electrode, a second flow channel plate, and a second current collector are stacked; wherein the first flow channel plate is provided with a first flow channel region, the second flow channel plate is provided with a second flow channel region, the first flow channel region and the second flow channel region are used to introduce a first gas and a second gas respectively, and the first gas and the second gas undergo an electrochemical reaction through the membrane electrode; The detection system comprises: a current density detection plate, which is arranged on a side of the first current collector away from the first flow channel plate, and the current density detection plate has a detection area, and the projection area of ​​the detection area on the membrane electrode is not less than the projection area of ​​the first flow channel area and / or the second flow channel area on the membrane electrode; Characterized in that the method further comprises: using the current density detection plate to collect current density of different areas on the first current collector.

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