Optical waveguide plate, optical lens and electronic device

Abstract

The invention provides an optical waveguide plate, an optical lens and an electronic device. The optical waveguide plate comprises a substrate and at least two metasurfaces. The at least two super surfaces are arranged on the base material, each super surface comprises at least two super structure columns, and the at least two super structure columns are linearly arranged. Each superstructure column comprises at least two superstructure groups, and each superstructure group comprises at least two superstructures. Therefore, when the optical waveguide plate with the metasurface is applied to the optical lens, light can be reflected back and forth in the optical waveguide plate to achieve light path folding, so that the back focal length is increased under the condition that the size is not increased, and the magnification of the optical lens and the compression of the size are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an optical lens and an electronic device, and more particularly to an optical lens and an electronic device having an optical waveguide plate to lengthen the back focal length and reduce the volume. Background Art

[0002] To meet user needs, the shooting magnification of the optical lens of mobile phones has gradually increased, and the increase in magnification will lengthen the back focal length of the optical lens, which can easily make the total length of the optical lens exceed the thickness of the mobile phone and cannot be accommodated inside the mobile phone. Although there is a periscope design that can solve the problem that the optical lens cannot be set inside the mobile phone, the periscope design will compress the installation space of other components of the mobile phone due to the increase in the magnification of the optical lens.

[0003] Therefore, in order to increase the shooting magnification and reduce the size, it is necessary to actively develop optical lens setting technology that has both high shooting magnification and small size. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present disclosure provides an optical waveguide plate, an optical lens, and an electronic device, which generate a phase difference in light by designing a superstructure of a specific configuration on the optical waveguide plate, and generate a phase difference change by using a specific arrangement of superstructure rows, so that the metasurface has the effect of increasing the light deflection angle. Furthermore, when the optical waveguide plate with a metasurface is applied to an optical lens, the light can be reflected back and forth inside the optical waveguide plate to achieve optical path folding, so as to lengthen the back focal length without increasing the volume, which helps to increase the magnification of the optical lens and compress the volume.

[0005] According to the present disclosure, an optical waveguide plate is provided, comprising a substrate and at least two metasurfaces. The at least two metasurfaces are disposed on the substrate, wherein each metasurface comprises at least two superstructure rows, and the at least two superstructure rows are arranged in a linear manner. Each superstructure row comprises at least two superstructure groups, each superstructure group comprises at least two superstructures, and each superstructure is in a columnar shape. The maximum adjacent center distance of the at least two superstructures is DmMax, and the maximum number of superstructures of each superstructure group is QmMax, which satisfies the following condition: DmMax×QmMax / 1000≤3nm·unit.

[0006] According to the present disclosure, an optical lens is provided, comprising the optical waveguide plate as described in the preceding paragraph.

[0007] According to the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising the optical lens as described in the preceding paragraph.

[0008] According to the present disclosure, there is further provided a light waveguide plate, comprising a substrate and at least two metasurfaces. The at least two metasurfaces are disposed on the substrate, wherein each metasurface comprises at least two metastructure columns, and the at least two metastructure columns are arranged linearly. Each metastructure column comprises at least two metastructure groups, and each metastructure group comprises at least two metastructures. The height of each metastructure is Hm, and the refractive index of the substrate is Ns, which satisfy the following conditions: 400nm < Hm; and Ns ≤ 1.6.

[0009] According to the present disclosure, there is further provided an optical lens, comprising the light waveguide plate as described in the previous paragraph.

[0010] According to the present disclosure, there is further provided an electronic device, comprising the optical lens as described in the previous paragraph. Description of the Drawings

[0011] To make the above and other objects, features, advantages and embodiments of the present disclosure more obvious and understandable, the description of the accompanying drawings is as follows:

[0012] Figure 1 It is a side view of the light waveguide plate of the first embodiment;

[0013] Figure 2 It is shown Figure 1 a plan view of the light waveguide plate;

[0014] Figure 3A It is shown Figure 2 a top view of the metastructures of the light waveguide plate;

[0015] Figure 3B It is shown Figure 3A a side view of the metastructures;

[0016] Figure 4 It is a graph showing the relationship between the arrangement order of the metastructures in the metastructure group and the radius of the metastructures in the light waveguide plate of the first embodiment;

[0017] Figure 5 It is a graph showing the relationship between the arrangement order of the metastructures in the metastructure group and the radius of the metastructures in the light waveguide plate of the second embodiment;

[0018] Figure 6 It is a graph showing the relationship between the arrangement order of the metastructures in the metastructure group and the radius of the metastructures in the light waveguide plate of the third embodiment;

[0019] Figure 7 It is a graph showing the relationship between the arrangement order of the metastructures in the metastructure group and the radius of the metastructures in the light waveguide plate of the fourth embodiment;

[0020] Figure 8 It is a graph showing the relationship between the arrangement order of the metastructures in the metastructure group and the radius of the metastructures in the light waveguide plate of the fifth embodiment;

[0021] Fig. 9 is a diagram showing the relationship between the superstructure arrangement order of the superstructure group and the radius of the superstructure in the optical waveguide plate of the sixth embodiment;

[0022] Fig.10 is a diagram showing the relationship between the arrangement order of superstructures of the superstructure group and the radius of the superstructure in the optical waveguide plate of the seventh embodiment;

[0023] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram illustrating an optical lens according to an eighth embodiment; and

[0024] Fig.12 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an optical lens according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

[0025]

Explanation of symbols

[0026] 10,21,31: Optical waveguide

[0027] 11: Base material

[0028] 12: Super Surface

[0029] 121:Superstructure column

[0030] 122:Superstructure Group

[0031] 123:Superstructure

[0032] 124: Top surface of superstructure

[0033] 125: Bottom of superstructure

[0034] 20,30: Optical lens

[0035] E1: First optical lens

[0036] E2: Second optical lens

[0037] E3: The third optical lens

[0038] E4: The fourth optical lens

[0039] E5: The fifth optical lens

[0040] E6: First filter element

[0041] IMG: Imaging surface

[0042] IS: Electronic photosensitive element

[0043] L: Light

[0044] Dm: The distance between adjacent centers of the superstructure

[0045] DmMax: Maximum distance between adjacent centers of the superstructure

[0046] QmMax: Maximum number of superstructures in a superstructure group

[0047] Hm: Height of superstructure

[0048] Rm: Radius of the superstructure

[0049] RgMax: Maximum superstructure radius of the superstructure group

[0050] RgMin: minimum superstructure radius of the superstructure group

[0051] SlopR: Radius slope of the superstructure group

[0052] Nm: refractive index of the superstructure

[0053] Ns: refractive index of substrate

[0054] Sd: The deflection angle of the light passing through the metasurface

[0055] FOV: Angle of view of the optical lens

[0056] AOI: The main incident angle of the optical lens on the optical waveguide

[0057] BL: back focal length of optical lens

[0058] R1: The radius of curvature of the object side surface of the first optical lens

[0059] R2: The radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the first optical lens

[0060] R3: Radius of curvature of the object side surface of the second optical lens

[0061] R4: The radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the second optical lens

[0062] R5: The radius of curvature of the object side surface of the third optical lens

[0063] R6: Radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the third optical lens

[0064] R7: Radius of curvature of the object side surface of the fourth optical lens

[0065] R8: Radius of curvature of the image side surface of the fourth optical lens

[0066] R9: Radius of curvature of the object side surface of the fifth optical lens

[0067] R10: The radius of curvature of the image side surface of the fifth optical lens

[0068] F: Total focal length of the optical lens

[0069] F1: Focal length of the first optical lens

[0070] F2: Focal length of the second optical lens

[0071] F3: Focal length of the third optical lens

[0072] F4: Focal length of the fourth optical lens

[0073] F5: Focal length of the fifth optical lens

[0074] POW1: The refractive power of the first optical lens

[0075] POW2: The refractive power of the second optical lens

[0076] POW3: The refractive power of the third optical lens

[0077] POW4: The refractive power of the fourth optical lens

[0078] POW5: The refractive power of the fifth optical lens DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0079] An embodiment of one aspect of the present disclosure provides an optical waveguide plate, comprising a substrate and at least two metasurfaces. At least two metasurfaces are disposed on the substrate, wherein each metasurface comprises at least two superstructure rows, and at least two superstructure rows are arranged in a linear manner. Each superstructure row comprises at least two superstructure groups, each superstructure group comprises at least two superstructures, and each superstructure is columnar in shape. Thus, by designing a superstructure of a specific configuration to cause a phase difference in light, and by using a superstructure row of a specific arrangement to cause a phase difference change, the metasurface has the effect of increasing the light deflection angle. When the optical waveguide plate with a metasurface is applied to an optical lens, the light can be reflected back and forth inside the optical waveguide plate to achieve optical path folding, so as to lengthen the back focal length without increasing the volume, which helps to increase the magnification of the optical lens and compress the volume.

[0080] Another embodiment of an aspect of the present disclosure provides an optical waveguide plate, comprising a substrate and at least two metasurfaces. The at least two metasurfaces are disposed on the substrate, wherein each metasurface comprises at least two superstructure rows, and the at least two superstructure rows are arranged in a linear manner. Each superstructure row comprises at least two superstructure groups, and each superstructure group comprises at least two superstructures. Thus, a phase difference change is generated by a specific arrangement of superstructure rows, so that the metasurface has the effect of increasing the light deflection angle. When the optical waveguide plate with the metasurface is applied to an optical lens, the light can be reflected back and forth inside the optical waveguide plate to achieve optical path folding, so as to lengthen the back focal length without increasing the volume, which helps to increase the magnification of the optical lens and compress the volume.

[0081] The maximum adjacent center spacing of at least two superstructures is DmMax, and the maximum number of superstructures in each superstructure group is QmMax, which can satisfy the following conditions: DmMax × QmMax / 1000 ≤ 3 nm·unit. By restricting the maximum adjacent center spacing of the superstructures and the maximum number of superstructures in the superstructure group, it helps to increase the deflection angle of the metasurface for light. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: DmMax × QmMax / 1000 ≤ 2.5 nm·unit. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: DmMax × QmMax / 1000 ≤ 2 nm·unit. By restricting the maximum adjacent center spacing of the superstructures and the maximum number of superstructures in the superstructure group, it helps to further increase the deflection angle of the metasurface for light. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: DmMax × QmMax / 1000 ≤ 1.5 nm·unit. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: DmMax × QmMax / 1000 ≤ 1.25 nm·unit. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: DmMax × QmMax / 1000 ≤ 1.2 nm·unit. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 0 nm·unit < DmMax × QmMax / 1000 ≤ 1.1 nm·unit.

[0082] The height of each superstructure is Hm, which can satisfy the following conditions: 400 nm < Hm. By satisfying the height of the superstructure, it can ensure that the phase of the superstructure is sufficient to generate a phase difference, which helps the occurrence of light deflection. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 450 nm ≤ Hm. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 500 nm ≤ Hm < 1000 nm. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 550 nm ≤ Hm ≤ 900 nm.

[0083] The refractive index of the substrate is Ns, which can satisfy the following conditions: Ns ≤ 1.6. By restricting the refractive index of the substrate, it helps to increase the deflection angle of the metasurface for light. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: Ns ≤ 1.55. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: Ns ≤ 1.51. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: Ns ≤ 1.50. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: Ns ≤ 1.48. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: Ns ≤ 1.46.

[0084] The height of each superstructure is Hm, and the minimum superstructure radius of each superstructure group is RgMin, which can satisfy the following conditions: 4.7 ≤ Hm / RgMin. By satisfying the ratio of the superstructure height to the minimum superstructure radius of the superstructure group, an obvious phase difference is generated between the superstructures, which is beneficial to the design of the light deflection angle. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 5 ≤ Hm / RgMin. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 10 ≤ Hm / RgMin ≤ 100. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 20 ≤ Hm / RgMin ≤ 80. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 30 ≤ Hm / RgMin ≤ 70. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 40 ≤ Hm / RgMin ≤ 60. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 45 ≤ Hm / RgMin ≤ 50.

[0085] The height of each superstructure is Hm, and the maximum adjacent center distance of at least two superstructures is DmMax, which can satisfy the following conditions: 1.75 < Hm / DmMax. By satisfying the ratio of the superstructure height to the adjacent center distance of the superstructure, the superstructure density of the metasurface can be increased, and the metasurface can be prevented from being damaged, which helps to improve the durability of the metasurface. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 1.8 ≤ Hm / DmMax ≤ 10. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 1.9 ≤ Hm / DmMax ≤ 5. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 2 ≤ Hm / DmMax ≤ 3.5. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 2.05 ≤ Hm / DmMax ≤ 3. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 2.1 ≤ Hm / DmMax ≤ 2.4.

[0086] The maximum superstructure radius of each superstructure group is RgMax, and the minimum superstructure radius of each superstructure group is RgMin, which can satisfy the following conditions: 1 ≤ RgMax / RgMin ≤ 15. By designing the ratio of the maximum superstructure radius to the minimum superstructure radius of a specific superstructure group, the phase drop of the superstructure group can be reduced, which helps to improve the stability of light deflection. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 3 ≤ RgMax / RgMin ≤ 13. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 4 ≤ RgMax / RgMin ≤ 12. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 5 ≤ RgMax / RgMin ≤ 9. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 6 ≤ RgMax / RgMin ≤ 8.

[0087] The radius slope of each superstructure group is SlopR, which may satisfy the following conditions: 1nm / unit≤SlopR≤50nm / unit. By designing the radius slope of a specific superstructure group, the phase difference of the superstructure group changes smoothly, which helps to further improve the stability of light deflection. Alternatively, it may satisfy the following conditions: 5nm / unit≤SlopR≤40nm / unit. Alternatively, it may satisfy the following conditions: 10nm / unit≤SlopR≤35nm / unit. Alternatively, it may satisfy the following conditions: 20nm / unit≤SlopR≤30nm / unit. Alternatively, it may satisfy the following conditions: 25nm / unit≤SlopR≤30nm / unit.

[0088] The light passing through each metasurface has a deflection angle of Sd, which can meet the following conditions: 5 degrees ≤ Sd. By designing a metasurface with a larger deflection angle, the optical waveguide plate is more likely to produce total internal reflection and can omit the setting of the reflective coating, which helps to streamline the manufacturing process and reduce production costs. Alternatively, it can meet the following conditions: 10 degrees ≤ Sd. Alternatively, it can meet the following conditions: 15 degrees ≤ Sd. Alternatively, it can meet the following conditions: 18 degrees ≤ Sd. Alternatively, it can meet the following conditions: 21 degrees ≤ Sd.

[0089] The waveguide plate described in the present disclosure may include a substrate and a metasurface. The waveguide plate may include at least one metasurface, at least two metasurfaces, at least three metasurfaces, or at least four metasurfaces, and the plurality of metasurfaces may be defined as a first metasurface, a second metasurface, a third metasurface, a fourth metasurface, and so on.

[0090] The material of the substrate described in the present disclosure may be glass or plastic, and the element configuration of the substrate may be a flat element or a prism. In response to different optical designs, the light reflection angle in the substrate may be designed to be large enough to cause total internal reflection. A reflective coating may be provided on the surface of the substrate to help the light to generate internal reflection inside the substrate, and an ink coating may be provided on the surface of the substrate to absorb stray light. When the reflective coating and the ink coating are provided at the same time, the reflective coating should be closer to the substrate surface than the ink coating.

[0091] The metasurface described in the present disclosure is composed of a superstructure row, a superstructure row is composed of a superstructure group, a superstructure group is composed of a superstructure, and a metasurface is composed of a plurality of superstructure rows. The plurality of superstructure rows may include at least two superstructure rows, at least three superstructure rows, or at least four superstructure rows. The plurality of superstructure rows may form a circular, rectangular, and polygonal metasurface, and may also form metasurfaces of various shapes according to requirements. The metasurface is distinguished by the arrangement interval of the superstructures. When the distance between adjacent superstructure groups is more than 1 micrometer (1 μm), they can be regarded as different metasurfaces. The aforementioned distance between adjacent superstructure groups is calculated by the distance between the centers of the closest superstructures between the two superstructures.

[0092] The fabrication technology of the metasurface described in the present disclosure may be photolithography, etching, electron beam lithography (EBL), focused ion beam etching, self-assembly, thermal nanoimprint lithography (T-NIL), ultraviolet light curing imprint lithography (UV-NIL), two-photon lithography (TPP), deposition, sol-gel method or low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD).

[0093] The metasurface described in the present disclosure may be disposed on the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the substrate.

[0094] The effects of the metasurface described in the present disclosure can be used for waveguiding (changing the direction of light), polarization, refraction, diffraction, achromaticity and anti-reflection, but are not limited thereto. The metasurface can produce various effects by designing different metastructure surface shapes, metastructure shapes, metastructure heights, metastructure radii and the distance between adjacent centers of the metastructures.

[0095] The light deflection angle (Sd) of the metasurface described in the present disclosure refers to the angle difference between the air-side incident angle and the light-waveguide-side exit angle when the incident light at a 0-degree angle passes through the metasurface from the air and then enters the interior of the light-waveguide plate. The formula is deflection angle = light-waveguide-side exit angle - air-side incident angle. In the above formula, the incident angle is 0 degrees, so the deflection angle = light-waveguide-side exit angle. The formula for the deflection angle is as follows:

[0096] Sd=sin -1 {(WL / DmMax) / (m×Ns)}, where WL is the wavelength, and m=1 / unit change of phase difference. When the imaging light passes through the metasurface where each metastructure is arranged in parallel, the deflection direction of all light rays is consistent. For example, each single metastructure row of the metasurface is arranged in a straight line from positive Y value to negative Y value and each superstructure row is arranged in parallel. After the incident light at 0 degree angle passes through the metasurface, it is deflected in the direction of negative Y value. Each single metastructure row of the metasurface is arranged in a straight line from positive X value to negative X value and each superstructure row is arranged in parallel. After the incident light at 0 degree angle passes through the metasurface, it is deflected in the direction of negative X value.

[0097] The superstructure array described in the present disclosure is distinguished by the arrangement of the superstructure array and the relative arrangement of the superstructure array. The arrangement of the superstructure array refers to the arrangement of a single superstructure array, which may be linear, and the linear shape may be straight, non-straight or curved. The relative arrangement of the superstructure array refers to the relative arrangement between multiple superstructure arrays. The relative arrangement of the superstructure array may be parallel, and when the imaging light passes through the supersurface where each superstructure is relatively arranged in parallel, the deflection direction of all light rays is consistent. The relative arrangement of the superstructure array may be partially parallel or non-parallel, and when the imaging light passes through the supersurface where each superstructure is relatively arranged in partially parallel or non-parallel, the deflection direction of all light rays is not completely consistent. The superstructure array is composed of multiple superstructure groups, and the multiple superstructure groups may include at least two superstructure groups, at least three superstructure groups, or at least four superstructure groups.

[0098] The superstructure group described in the present disclosure is composed of a plurality of superstructures, and the plurality of superstructures may include at least two superstructures, at least three superstructures, or at least four superstructures. The superstructure radius of a single superstructure group is arranged in order from small to large, so the radius of the next superstructure is larger than the radius of the previous superstructure. When the radius of the next superstructure on the superstructure row is smaller than the radius of the previous superstructure, it means that the next superstructure group has been entered.

[0099] The number of superstructures of a superstructure group described in the present disclosure refers to the number of superstructures contained in a superstructure group, and the maximum number of superstructures of a superstructure group (QmMax) is the maximum number of superstructures of all superstructure groups in a superstructure sequence. When the number of superstructures of all superstructure groups in a superstructure sequence is fixed, the maximum number of superstructures of a superstructure group is the number of superstructures of the superstructure group.

[0100] The radius slope (SlopR) of a superstructure group described in the present disclosure refers to the slope of the radius of a superstructure in a superstructure group, and its formula is SlopR = (RgMax-RgMin) / Im(interval), wherein Im refers to the number of intervals between a superstructure with a maximum radius and a superstructure with a minimum radius in a superstructure group. For example, the superstructure with the maximum radius is the fifth superstructure in the superstructure group, and the superstructure with the minimum radius is the first superstructure in the superstructure group, then Im = 5-1 = 4.

[0101] The superstructure described in the present disclosure refers to the smallest unit constituting the supersurface, and the superstructure is a nanometer (nm) level structure. At least one of the length, width, and height of the superstructure is less than 1 micrometer (1 μm), and its material can be single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, silicon monoxide (SiO), silicon dioxide (SiO2), titanium monoxide (TiO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), silicon nitride (Si3N4), gallium phosphide (GaP), gallium arsenide (GaAs), aluminum antimonide (AlSb), aluminum arsenide (AlAs), aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs), aluminum gallium indium phosphide (AlGalnP), boron phosphide (BP), and zinc germanium phosphide (ZnGeP2), but not limited thereto.

[0102] The surface shape of the superstructure described in the present disclosure may be circular or polygonal, and the number of sides of the polygon may be three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or more than eight. The surface shape of the superstructure is based on the top view of an electron microscope (SEM), which means vertically photographing a flat optical waveguide plate, and the top of the superstructure visible in the top view image, and the top of the superstructure also refers to the side opposite to the contact surface of the superstructure and the substrate.

[0103] The shape of the superstructure described in the present disclosure refers to the three-dimensional shape of the superstructure, which can be a cone or a column. When the shape of the superstructure is approximately cone-shaped, it is considered to be a cone, and when the shape of the superstructure is approximately column-shaped, it is considered to be a column. For example, the superstructure can be a cone, a cylinder, a four-sided cone or a hexagonal column.

[0104] The height of the superstructure described in the present disclosure refers to the maximum height of the superstructure measured from the bottom to the opposite direction of the substrate.

[0105] The arrangement direction of the superstructures described in the present disclosure refers to the direction in which the superstructure radii in a single superstructure group are arranged in order from small to large. The arrangement direction of the superstructures is also the arrangement direction of the superstructure group and the arrangement direction of the superstructure row.

[0106] The adjacent center spacing of the superstructures described in the present disclosure refers to the distance between the center of the earlier superstructure in the superstructure arrangement direction and the center of the later superstructure in the superstructure arrangement direction between two adjacent superstructures. The maximum adjacent center spacing of the superstructure array refers to the maximum value of the adjacent center spacings of all superstructures. The center of the aforementioned superstructure is the intersection of the longest diagonal line of the superstructure surface and the shortest diagonal line of the surface. If the surface of the superstructure is a circle, the center of the circle is the center of the superstructure.

[0107] The radius of the superstructure described in the present disclosure refers to the radius of the superstructure when the surface shape of the superstructure is circular.

[0108] The phase difference unit (Delta phase unit) of the superstructure described in this disclosure is the value obtained by subtracting each superstructure phase unit from the first superstructure phase unit in the superstructure group, and the Delta phase unit variation is the value obtained by subtracting the phase differences of adjacent superstructures from each other.

[0109] Each technical feature in the optical waveguide plate of the above disclosure can be combined and configured to achieve the corresponding effects.

[0110] An embodiment of another aspect of this disclosure provides an optical lens including the aforementioned optical waveguide plate.

[0111] The optical lens may further include at least three optical lenses, and the optical waveguide plate is located on the image side of the last optical lens from the object side to the image side of the optical path. By disposing the optical waveguide plate behind all the optical lenses, the overall optical length can be concentrated on the back focal length, which helps to improve the efficiency of the optical waveguide plate in compressing the back focal length.

[0112] The viewing angle of the optical lens is FOV, which can satisfy the following condition: FOV ≤ 40 degrees. By satisfying the viewing angle of the optical lens, the back focal length can be increased and the benefit of the optical waveguide plate in compressing the back focal length can be improved. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following condition: FOV ≤ 30 degrees. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following condition: FOV ≤ 20 degrees. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following condition: FOV ≤ 15 degrees. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following condition: FOV ≤ 12 degrees. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following condition: 0 degrees < FOV ≤ 11.5 degrees.

[0113] The main incident angle of the optical lens on the optical waveguide plate is AOI, which can satisfy the following condition: AOI ≤ 30 degrees. The metasurface has a better deflection effect on light rays with a small incident angle, and by restricting the main incident angle of the optical lens on the optical waveguide plate, it helps to improve the imaging quality of the optical lens. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following condition: AOI ≤ 20 degrees. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following condition: AOI ≤ 15 degrees. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following condition: AOI ≤ 10 degrees. By reducing the angle of light rays exiting each optical lens, it helps to further reduce the main incident angle of the optical lens on the optical waveguide plate. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following condition: 0 degrees < AOI ≤ 8 degrees.

[0114] The total focal length of the optical lens is F, and the back focal length of the optical lens is BL, which can meet the following conditions: F / BL≤1.3. By limiting the ratio of focal length to back focal length, it helps to further improve the efficiency of the optical waveguide plate in compressing the back focal length. Alternatively, it can meet the following conditions: F / BL≤2.5. Alternatively, it can meet the following conditions: F / BL≤2. Alternatively, it can meet the following conditions: F / BL≤1.5. Alternatively, it can meet the following conditions: F / BL≤1.15. Alternatively, it can meet the following conditions: 0 <F / BL≤1。

[0115] The optical lens may further include five optical lenses, wherein the five optical lenses are, in order from the object side to the image side of the optical path, a first optical lens, a second optical lens, a third optical lens, a fourth optical lens and a fifth optical lens.

[0116] The radius of curvature of the object side surface of the first optical lens is R1, and the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the first optical lens is R2, which can meet the following conditions: |R1 / R2|≤5. By satisfying the ratio of the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the first optical lens to the radius of curvature of the image side surface, it helps to reduce the angle at which light exits the first optical lens. Alternatively, it can meet the following conditions: |R1 / R2|≤3. Alternatively, it can meet the following conditions: |R1 / R2|≤1. Alternatively, it can meet the following conditions: 0<|R1 / R2|≤0.5.

[0117] The radius of curvature of the object side surface of the second optical lens is R3, and the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the second optical lens is R4, which can meet the following conditions: |R3 / R4|≤5. By satisfying the ratio of the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the second optical lens to the radius of curvature of the image side surface, it helps to reduce the angle at which light exits the second optical lens. Alternatively, it can meet the following conditions: |R3 / R4|≤3. Alternatively, it can meet the following conditions: |R3 / R4|≤1. Alternatively, it can meet the following conditions: 0<|R3 / R4|≤0.5.

[0118] The radius of curvature of the object side surface of the third optical lens is R5, and the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the third optical lens is R6, which can satisfy the following condition: |R5 / R6|≤5. By satisfying the ratio of the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the third optical lens to the radius of curvature of the image side surface, it helps to reduce the angle at which light exits the third optical lens. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following condition: |R5 / R6|≤3. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following condition: 0<|R5 / R6|≤1.

[0119] The radius of curvature of the object side surface of the fourth optical lens is R7, and the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the fourth optical lens is R8, which may satisfy the following condition: |R7 / R8|≤5. By satisfying the ratio of the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the fourth optical lens to the radius of curvature of the image side surface, it is helpful to reduce the angle at which light exits the fourth optical lens. Alternatively, it may satisfy the following condition: |R7 / R8|≤3. Alternatively, it may satisfy the following condition: |R7 / R8|≤1. Alternatively, it may satisfy the following condition: 0<|R7 / R8|≤0.5.

[0120] The radius of curvature of the object side surface of the fifth optical lens is R9, and the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the fifth optical lens is R10, which may satisfy the following condition: |R9 / R10|≤5. By satisfying the ratio of the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the fifth optical lens to the radius of curvature of the image side surface, it helps to reduce the angle at which light exits the fifth optical lens. Alternatively, it may satisfy the following condition: |R9 / R10|≤3. Alternatively, it may satisfy the following condition: |R9 / R10|≤1. Alternatively, it may satisfy the following condition: 0<|R9 / R10|≤0.5.

[0121] The principal angle of incidence (AOI) of the optical lens on the light guide plate described in the present disclosure refers to the principal angle of incidence of the optical lens imaging light on the air side at 1.0 field of view (1.0Field) when the optical lens imaging light enters the light guide plate from the air.

[0122] The object side and image side of the optical lens described in the present disclosure are, when the optical lens forms an image with a photosensitive element, the side on the optical path closer to the photosensitive element is the image side, and the side on the optical path farther from the photosensitive element is the object side. When the optical lens forms an image with the user's eyes, the side on the optical path closer to the user's eyes is the image side, and the side on the optical path farther from the user's eyes is the object side.

[0123] The number of optical lenses of the optical lens described in the present disclosure may be at least one, at least two, at least three, at least four, at least five, at least six, at least seven, at least eight, at least nine, and at least ten. The optical lenses are, in order from the object side to the image side, the first optical lens, the second optical lens, the third optical lens, the fourth optical lens, the fifth optical lens, the sixth optical lens, the seventh optical lens, the eighth optical lens, the ninth optical lens, the tenth optical lens, and so on.

[0124] The curvature radius of the optical lens described in the present disclosure refers to the curvature radius of the object side surface or image side surface of the optical lens on the optical axis.

[0125] The optical waveguide plate of the optical lens described in the present disclosure may be disposed between the first optical lens and the second optical lens, between the second optical lens and the third optical lens, between the third optical lens and the fourth optical lens, between the fourth optical lens and the fifth optical lens, between the fifth optical lens and the sixth optical lens, between the sixth optical lens and the seventh optical lens, between the seventh optical lens and the eighth optical lens, between the eighth optical lens and the ninth optical lens, between the ninth optical lens and the tenth optical lens, on the image side of the tenth optical lens, or on the image side of the last optical lens. Optical lenses may be disposed on both the object side and the image side of the optical waveguide plate. At least one optical lens, at least two optical lenses, at least three optical lenses, at least four optical lenses, or at least five optical lenses may be disposed on the object side and the image side of the optical waveguide plate.

[0126] One embodiment of another aspect of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, comprising the aforementioned optical lens. Thereby, the imaging quality can be effectively improved. Preferably, the electronic device may further include but is not limited to a control unit (ControlUnit), a display unit (Display), a storage unit (Storage Unit), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only storage unit (ROM) or a combination thereof. Furthermore, the electronic device of the present disclosure may be a mobile device or a head-mounted device. The mobile device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a video camera, a camera, a video lens, etc. The head-mounted device may be AR glasses, VR glasses, an AR head-mounted display, a VR head-mounted display, etc.

[0127] According to the above implementation modes, specific embodiments are proposed below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0128] <First Embodiment>

[0129] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 FIG. 2 is a side view of the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment. The optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment includes a substrate 11 and at least two metasurfaces 12, and the at least two metasurfaces 12 are disposed on the substrate 11. Figure 1 As shown, the two metasurfaces 12 are respectively disposed on two different surfaces of the substrate 11. When the light L enters the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, the light L will first enter one metasurface 12 and then enter the substrate 11. After multiple back-and-forth reflections in the substrate 11, the light path is folded and then emitted from the other metasurface 12. Since the metasurface 12 will generate a phase difference for the light L, the light L will increase the light deflection angle due to the change in the phase difference caused by the metasurface 12, thereby achieving the corresponding effect.

[0130] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3A and Figure 3B , Figure 2It is shown Figure 1 A schematic plan view of the optical waveguide plate 10 is shown in FIG. Figure 3A It is shown Figure 2 A schematic top view of the superstructure 123 of the optical waveguide plate 10, Figure 3B It is shown Figure 3A A schematic side view of the superstructure 123. Figure 2 As shown, the metasurface 12 includes at least two superstructure rows 121, and at least two superstructure rows 121 are arranged in a linear manner. Each superstructure row 121 includes at least two superstructure groups 122 ( Figure 2 Only two superstructure groups 122 are indicated, and each superstructure group 122 includes at least two superstructures 123 ( Figure 2 Only two superstructures 123 are indicated, wherein the superstructures 123 in a single superstructure group 122 are arranged in sequence, and there is a superstructure adjacent center distance Dm between two adjacent superstructures 123. Figure 3A and Figure 3B As shown, the surface shape of the superstructure 123 is a circle, and the radius Rm of the superstructure 123 of the first embodiment is measured based on a circle, and the height Hm of the superstructure 123 is the straight-line distance from the top surface 124 of the superstructure 123 to the bottom surface 125 of the superstructure 123 .

[0131] Please also refer to Figure 3A , Figure 3B , Figure 4 With Table 1, where Figure 4 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between the arrangement order of the superstructures 123 of the superstructure group 122 and the radius of the superstructure 123 in the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, and Table 1 presents the properties of the optical waveguide plate of the first embodiment.

[0132]

[0133]

[0134] In Table 1, “the superstructure arrangement order of a superstructure group” refers to the superstructures 123 arranged in sequence in a superstructure group 122, such as Figure 2 As shown, the five superstructures 123 from top to bottom are represented by numbers 1 to 5 in Table 1, and DmMax in Table 1 is the maximum adjacent center distance between at least two superstructures 123, QmMax is the maximum number of superstructures in the superstructure group 122, Hm is the height of the superstructure 123, Rm is the radius of the superstructure 123, RgMax is the maximum superstructure radius of the superstructure group 122, RgMin is the minimum superstructure radius of the superstructure group 122, SlopR is the radius slope of the superstructure group 122, Nm is the refractive index of the superstructure 123, Ns is the refractive index of the substrate 11, and Sd is the deflection angle of the light passing through the supersurface 12.

[0135] The wavelength used in the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment is 587.6 nm, and its phase difference unit variation (Deltaphase unit variation) is fixed to 0.22125 units. Therefore, by dividing 1 unit by 0.22125 (phase difference unit variation), a value between 4.519 and 4.520 (1 / 0.22125=4.52, i.e. m in the deflection angle formula) is obtained. Therefore, the number of superstructures 123 of the superstructure group 122 in the superstructure row 121 will fluctuate between 4 and 5. Therefore, the number of superstructures 123 of the superstructure group 122 in a superstructure row 121 of the first embodiment is 4 and 5, and the number of superstructures 123 of the superstructure group 122 takes the maximum value of 5, and the maximum number of superstructures of the superstructure group 122 is 5. Furthermore, in Table 1, the first embodiment presents the results by taking the superstructure group 122 whose first superstructure phase difference unit is 0 as a representative (i.e., the superstructure group 122 having five superstructures 123), and the previous superstructure group 122 of the superstructure group 122 having five superstructures 123 has four superstructures 123 (such as the data corresponding to the first number 4 in the left column of "Superstructure Arrangement Order of Superstructure Group" in Table 1).

[0136] In the first embodiment, when the arrangement direction of the superstructures 123 is fixed, starting from the superstructure 123 with a radius of 13 nm, the radii of the superstructures 123 are 13 nm, 62.4 nm, 80.0 nm, 94.1 nm, 108.8 nm and 47.9 nm in sequence, wherein the radii of the first five superstructures 123 all meet the condition that the radius of the subsequent superstructure 123 is greater than the radius of the previous superstructure 123, so the first five superstructures 123 belong to the same superstructure group 122, and the radius of the sixth superstructure 123 is less than the radius of the fifth superstructure 123, so the sixth superstructure 123 does not belong to the superstructure group 122 where the first five superstructures 123 are located. Furthermore, the phase difference units of all superstructures 123 in the first embodiment are obtained by subtracting the phase unit of the first superstructure with a radius of 13 nm. Therefore, for the first superstructure 123 with a radius of 13, its phase difference unit is 0, and the phase difference unit of the second superstructure 123 is 0.22125. The phase difference unit of the second superstructure 123 minus the phase difference unit of the first superstructure 123 is 0.22125, so the phase difference unit changes to 0.22125.

[0137] It should be noted that the number and location of the metasurfaces 12 are not limited to Figure 1 The content shown is limited, and can be set at different positions of the substrate 11 according to needs. Figure 1 The configurations of the superstructure row 121 , the superstructure group 122 , and the superstructure 123 are only for illustration purposes, and the present invention is not limited to the contents shown in the drawings.

[0138] If the definitions of the data in the tables of the following embodiments are the same as those in Table 1, they will not be repeated here.

[0139] <Second Embodiment>

[0140] The optical waveguide plate of the second embodiment includes a substrate and at least two metasurfaces. The at least two metasurfaces are disposed on the substrate, each metasurface includes at least two superstructure rows, and the at least two superstructure rows are arranged in a linear manner. Each superstructure row includes at least two superstructure groups, and each superstructure group includes at least two superstructures. In addition, the optical waveguide plate of the second embodiment is similar in structure to the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, and the difference lies in the number of superstructures. For detailed structural details, please refer to the contents of the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, and no further description will be given here.

[0141] Please also refer to Figure 5 Compared with Table 2, Figure 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the arrangement order of superstructures of the superstructure group and the radius of the superstructure in the optical waveguide plate of the second embodiment, and Table 2 presents the properties of the optical waveguide plate of the second embodiment and the values ​​of DmMax, QmMax, Hm, Rm, RgMax, RgMin, DmMax×QmMax / 1000, Hm / RgMin, Hm / DmMax, RgMax / RgMin, SlopR, Nm, Ns and Sd. In Table 2, "the arrangement order of superstructures of the superstructure group" refers to the superstructures arranged in sequence in a superstructure group, and numbers 1 to 8 represent eight superstructures arranged in sequence in a single superstructure group of the second embodiment and their corresponding data.

[0142]

[0143] The wavelength used in the optical waveguide plate of the second embodiment is 587.6 nm, and the phase difference unit change is fixed to 0.125 units. Therefore, 1 unit divided by 0.125 is 8 (1 / 0.125=8), which is divisible by 1. Therefore, the number of superstructures in the superstructure group in a superstructure row of the second embodiment is 8, and the maximum number of superstructures QmMax of the superstructure group is 8.

[0144] <Third Embodiment>

[0145] The optical waveguide plate of the third embodiment includes a substrate and at least two metasurfaces. The at least two metasurfaces are disposed on the substrate, each metasurface includes at least two superstructure rows, and the at least two superstructure rows are arranged in a linear manner. Each superstructure row includes at least two superstructure groups, and each superstructure group includes at least two superstructures. In addition, the optical waveguide plate of the third embodiment is similar in structure to the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, and the difference lies in the number of superstructures. For detailed structural details, please refer to the contents of the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, and no further description will be given here.

[0146] Please also refer to Figure 6 Compared with Table 3, Figure 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the arrangement order of superstructures of the superstructure group and the radius of the superstructure in the optical waveguide plate of the third embodiment, and Table 3 presents the properties of the optical waveguide plate of the third embodiment and the values ​​of DmMax, QmMax, Hm, Rm, RgMax, RgMin, DmMax×QmMax / 1000, Hm / RgMin, Hm / DmMax, RgMax / RgMin, SlopR, Nm, Ns and Sd. In Table 3, "the arrangement order of superstructures of the superstructure group" refers to the superstructures arranged in sequence in a superstructure group, and numbers 1 to 4 represent four superstructures arranged in sequence in a single superstructure group of the third embodiment and their corresponding data.

[0147]

[0148]

[0149] The wavelength used in the optical waveguide plate of the third embodiment is 587.6 nm, and the phase difference unit change is fixed to 0.25 units. Therefore, 1 unit divided by 0.25 is 4 (1 / 0.25=4), which is divisible by 1. Therefore, the number of superstructures in the superstructure group in a superstructure row of the third embodiment is 4, and the maximum number of superstructures QmMax of the superstructure group is 4.

[0150] <Fourth Embodiment>

[0151] The optical waveguide plate of the fourth embodiment includes a substrate and at least two metasurfaces. The at least two metasurfaces are disposed on the substrate, each metasurface includes at least two superstructure rows, and the at least two superstructure rows are arranged in a linear manner. Each superstructure row includes at least two superstructure groups, and each superstructure group includes at least two superstructures. In addition, the optical waveguide plate of the fourth embodiment is similar in structure to the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, and the difference lies in the number of superstructures. For detailed structural details, please refer to the contents of the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, and no further description will be given here.

[0152] Please also refer to Figure 7 Compared with Table 4, Figure 7is a graph showing the relationship between the arrangement order of superstructures of the superstructure group and the radius of the superstructure in the optical waveguide plate of the fourth embodiment, and Table 4 presents the properties of the optical waveguide plate of the fourth embodiment and the values ​​of DmMax, QmMax, Hm, Rm, RgMax, RgMin, DmMax×QmMax / 1000, Hm / RgMin, Hm / DmMax, RgMax / RgMin, SlopR, Nm, Ns and Sd. In Table 4, "the arrangement order of superstructures of the superstructure group" refers to the superstructures arranged in sequence in a superstructure group, and numbers 1 to 10 represent the ten superstructures arranged in sequence in a single superstructure group of the fourth embodiment and their corresponding data.

[0153]

[0154]

[0155] The wavelength used in the optical waveguide plate of the fourth embodiment is 587.6 nm, and the phase difference unit change is fixed to 0.1 unit. Therefore, 1 unit divided by 0.1 is 10 (1 / 0.1=10), which is divisible by 1. Therefore, the number of superstructures in the superstructure group in a superstructure row of the fourth embodiment is 10, and the maximum number of superstructures QmMax of the superstructure group is 10.

[0156] <Fifth Embodiment>

[0157] The optical waveguide plate of the fifth embodiment includes a substrate and at least two metasurfaces. The at least two metasurfaces are disposed on the substrate, each metasurface includes at least two superstructure rows, and the at least two superstructure rows are arranged in a linear manner. Each superstructure row includes at least two superstructure groups, and each superstructure group includes at least two superstructures. In addition, the optical waveguide plate of the fifth embodiment is similar in structure to the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, and the difference lies in the number of superstructures. For detailed structural details, please refer to the contents of the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, and no further description will be given here.

[0158] Please also refer to Figure 8 Compared with Table 5, Figure 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the arrangement order of superstructures of the superstructure group and the radius of the superstructure in the optical waveguide plate of the fifth embodiment, and Table 5 presents the properties of the optical waveguide plate of the fifth embodiment and the values ​​of DmMax, QmMax, Hm, Rm, RgMax, RgMin, DmMax×QmMax / 1000, Hm / RgMin, Hm / DmMax, RgMax / RgMin, SlopR, Nm, Ns and Sd. In Table 5, "the arrangement order of superstructures of the superstructure group" refers to the superstructures arranged in sequence in a superstructure group, and numbers 1 to 5 represent five superstructures arranged in sequence in a single superstructure group of the fifth embodiment and their corresponding data.

[0159]

[0160]

[0161] The wavelength used in the optical waveguide plate of the fifth embodiment is 587.6 nm, and the phase difference unit change is fixed to 0.2 units. Therefore, 1 unit divided by 0.2 is 5 (1 / 0.2=5), which is divisible by 1. Therefore, the number of superstructures in the superstructure group in a superstructure row of the fifth embodiment is 5, and the maximum number of superstructures QmMax of the superstructure group is 5.

[0162] <Sixth Embodiment>

[0163] The optical waveguide plate of the sixth embodiment includes a substrate and at least two metasurfaces. The at least two metasurfaces are disposed on the substrate, each metasurface includes at least two superstructure rows, and the at least two superstructure rows are arranged in a linear manner. Each superstructure row includes at least two superstructure groups, and each superstructure group includes at least two superstructures. In addition, the optical waveguide plate of the sixth embodiment is similar in structure to the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, and the difference lies in the number of superstructures. For detailed structural details, please refer to the contents of the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, and no further description will be given here.

[0164] Please also refer to Fig. 9 Compared with Table 6, Fig. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the arrangement order of superstructures of the superstructure group and the radius of the superstructure in the optical waveguide plate of the sixth embodiment, and Table 6 presents the properties of the optical waveguide plate of the sixth embodiment and the values ​​of DmMax, QmMax, Hm, Rm, RgMax, RgMin, DmMax×QmMax / 1000, Hm / RgMin, Hm / DmMax, RgMax / RgMin, SlopR, Nm, Ns and Sd. In Table 6, "the arrangement order of superstructures of the superstructure group" refers to the superstructures arranged in sequence in a superstructure group, and numbers 1 to 4 represent four superstructures arranged in sequence in a single superstructure group of the sixth embodiment and their corresponding data.

[0165]

[0166]

[0167] The wavelength used in the optical waveguide plate of the sixth embodiment is 587.6 nm, and the phase difference unit change is fixed to 0.25 units. Therefore, 1 unit divided by 0.25 is 4 (1 / 0.25=4), which is divisible by 1. Therefore, the number of superstructures in the superstructure group in a superstructure row of the sixth embodiment is 4, and the maximum number of superstructures QmMax of the superstructure group is 4.

[0168] <Seventh Embodiment>

[0169] The optical waveguide plate of the seventh embodiment includes a substrate and at least two metasurfaces. The at least two metasurfaces are disposed on the substrate, each metasurface includes at least two superstructure rows, and the at least two superstructure rows are arranged in a linear manner. Each superstructure row includes at least two superstructure groups, and each superstructure group includes at least two superstructures. In addition, the optical waveguide plate of the seventh embodiment is similar in structure to the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, and the difference lies in the number of superstructures. For detailed structural details, please refer to the contents of the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, and no further description will be given here.

[0170] Please also refer to Fig.10 Compared with Table 7, Fig.10 is a graph showing the relationship between the arrangement order of superstructures of the superstructure group and the radius of the superstructure in the optical waveguide plate of the seventh embodiment, and Table 7 presents the properties of the optical waveguide plate of the seventh embodiment and the values ​​of DmMax, QmMax, Hm, Rm, RgMax, RgMin, DmMax×QmMax / 1000, Hm / RgMin, Hm / DmMax, RgMax / RgMin, SlopR, Nm, Ns and Sd. In Table 7, "the arrangement order of superstructures of the superstructure group" refers to the superstructures arranged in sequence in a superstructure group, and numbers 1 to 4 represent four superstructures arranged in sequence in a single superstructure group of the seventh embodiment and their corresponding data.

[0171]

[0172]

[0173] The wavelength used in the optical waveguide plate of the seventh embodiment is 587.6 nm, and the phase difference unit change is fixed to 0.25 units. Therefore, 1 unit divided by 0.25 is 4 (1 / 0.25=4), which is divisible by 1. Therefore, the number of superstructures in the superstructure group in a superstructure row of the seventh embodiment is 4, and the maximum number of superstructures QmMax of the superstructure group is 4.

[0174] <Eighth Embodiment>

[0175] Please refer to Fig.11 , which is a schematic diagram of an optical lens 20 of the eighth embodiment. The optical lens 20 includes a first optical lens E1, a second optical lens E2, a third optical lens E3, an aperture ST, a light waveguide plate 21, a first filter element E6 and an imaging surface IMG in order from the object side to the image side of the optical path, and the electronic photosensitive element IS is disposed on the imaging surface IMG of the optical lens 20.

[0176] exist Fig.11In the embodiment, the light guide plate 21 is presented in a manner that the light path is straightly developed, and the light guide plate 21 is disposed on the image side of the third optical lens E3 to replace the prism between the third optical lens E3 and the imaging surface IMG. Furthermore, the light guide plate 21 can be the light guide plate in the first embodiment to the seventh embodiment, and the same structure or details are not further described here.

[0177] Please refer to Table 8 again, which shows the parameter values ​​of the optical lens 20 of the eighth embodiment. In Table 8, FOV is the viewing angle of the optical lens 20, AOI is the main incident angle of the optical lens 20 on the optical waveguide plate 21, F is the total focal length of the optical lens 20, F1 is the focal length of the first optical lens E1, F2 is the focal length of the second optical lens E2, F3 is the focal length of the third optical lens E3, POW1 is the refractive power of the first optical lens E1, POW2 is the refractive power of the second optical lens E2, POW3 is the refractive power of the third optical lens E3, R1 is the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the first optical lens E1, R2 is the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the first optical lens E1, R3 is the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the second optical lens E2, R4 is the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the second optical lens E2, R5 is the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the third optical lens E3, R6 is the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the third optical lens E3, and BL is the back focal length of the optical lens 20.

[0178]

[0179] If the definitions of the data in the tables of the following embodiments are the same as those in Table 8, they will not be repeated here.

[0180] <Ninth Embodiment>

[0181] Please refer to Fig.12 , which is a schematic diagram of an optical lens 30 of the ninth embodiment. The optical lens 30 includes a first optical lens E1, an aperture ST, a second optical lens E2, a third optical lens E3, a fourth optical lens E4, a fifth optical lens E5, a light waveguide plate 31, a first filter element E6 and an imaging surface IMG in order from the object side to the image side of the optical path, and the electronic photosensitive element IS is disposed on the imaging surface IMG of the optical lens 30.

[0182] exist Fig.12 In the embodiment, the light guide plate 31 is presented in a manner that the light path is straightly developed, and the light guide plate 31 is disposed on the image side of the fifth optical lens E5 to replace the prism between the fifth optical lens E5 and the imaging surface IMG. Furthermore, the light guide plate 31 can be the light guide plate in the first embodiment to the seventh embodiment, and the same structure or details are not further described here.

[0183] Please refer to Table 9 again, which shows the values ​​of FOV, AOI, number of optical lenses, F, F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, POW1, POW2, POW3, POW4, POW5, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, BL, R1 / R2, R3 / R4, R5 / R6, R7 / R8, R9 / R10 and F / BL of the optical lens 30 of the ninth embodiment. , wherein F4 is the focal length of the fourth optical lens E4, F5 is the focal length of the fifth optical lens E5, POW4 is the refractive power of the fourth optical lens E4, POW5 is the refractive power of the fifth optical lens E5, R7 is the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the fourth optical lens E4, R8 is the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the fourth optical lens E4, R9 is the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the fifth optical lens E5, and R10 is the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the fifth optical lens E5.

[0184]

[0185] Although the present disclosure has been disclosed in the above implementation mode, it is not intended to limit the present disclosure. Anyone familiar with this technology can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present disclosure should be determined by the attached claims.

Claims

1. An optical waveguide plate, characterized in that: Comprising: a substrate; and at least two metasurfaces disposed on the substrate, wherein each of the metasurfaces includes at least two metastructure columns, and the at least two metastructure columns are arranged linearly; wherein each of the metastructure columns includes at least two metastructure groups, each of the metastructure groups includes at least two metastructures, and the shape of each of the metastructures is columnar; wherein the maximum adjacent center spacing of the at least two metastructures is DmMax, and the maximum number of metastructures in each of the metastructure groups is QmMax, which satisfy the following conditions: DmMax × QmMax / 1000 ≤ 3 nm·unit.

2. The optical waveguide plate according to claim 1, wherein: The height of each of the metastructures is Hm, and the minimum metastructure radius of each of the metastructure groups is RgMin, which satisfy the following conditions: 4.7 ≤ Hm / RgMin.

3. The optical waveguide plate according to claim 1, wherein: The height of each of the metastructures is Hm, and the maximum adjacent center spacing of the at least two metastructures is DmMax, which satisfy the following conditions: 1.75 < Hm / DmMax.

4. The optical waveguide plate according to claim 1, wherein: The maximum metastructure radius of each of the metastructure groups is RgMax, and the minimum metastructure radius of each of the metastructure groups is RgMin, which satisfy the following conditions: 1 ≤ RgMax / RgMin ≤ 15.

5. The optical waveguide plate according to claim 1, wherein: The radius slope of each of the metastructure groups is SlopR, which satisfy the following conditions: 1 nm / unit ≤ SlopR ≤ 50 nm / unit.

6. The optical waveguide plate according to claim 1, wherein: The refractive index of the substrate is Ns, which satisfy the following conditions: Ns ≤ 1.

6.

7. The optical waveguide plate according to claim 1, wherein: The deflection angle of light passing through each of the metasurfaces is Sd, which satisfy the following conditions: 5 degrees ≤ Sd.

8. An optical lens, characterized in that: Comprising: The optical waveguide plate according to claim 1.

9. The optical lens according to claim 8, wherein: Further comprising: at least three optical lenses, wherein the optical waveguide plate is located on the image side of the last optical lens from the object side to the image side of the optical path.

10. The optical lens according to claim 8, wherein: The viewing angle of the optical lens is FOV, which satisfy the following conditions: FOV ≤ 40 degrees.

11. The optical lens according to claim 8, wherein: The main incident angle of the optical lens on the optical waveguide plate is AOI, which satisfy the following conditions: AOI ≤ 30 degrees.

12. The optical lens according to claim 8, wherein: The total focal length of the optical lens is F, and the back focal length of the optical lens is BL, which satisfy the following conditions: F / BL ≤ 1.

3.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that: Comprising: The optical lens according to claim 8.

14. An optical waveguide plate, characterized in that: Comprising: a substrate; and at least two metasurfaces disposed on the substrate, wherein each of the metasurfaces includes at least two metastructure columns, and the at least two metastructure columns are arranged linearly; wherein each of the metastructure columns includes at least two metastructure groups, and each of the metastructure groups includes at least two metastructures; wherein the height of each of the metastructures is Hm, and the refractive index of the substrate is Ns, which satisfy the following conditions: 400 nm < Hm; and Ns ≤ 1.

6.

15. The optical waveguide plate according to claim 14, wherein: The maximum adjacent center spacing of the at least two metastructures is DmMax, and the maximum number of metastructures in each of the metastructure groups is QmMax, which satisfy the following conditions: DmMax × QmMax / 1000 ≤ 2 nm·unit.

16. The optical waveguide plate according to claim 15, wherein: The height of each of the metastructures is Hm, and the minimum metastructure radius of each of the metastructure groups is RgMin, which satisfy the following conditions: 30 ≤ Hm / RgMin ≤ 70.

17. The optical waveguide plate according to claim 16, wherein: The height of each of the metastructures is Hm, and the maximum adjacent center spacing of the at least two metastructures is DmMax, which satisfy the following conditions: 2 ≤ Hm / DmMax.

18. The optical waveguide plate according to claim 17, wherein: The maximum superstructure radius of each superstructure group is RgMax, and the minimum superstructure radius of each superstructure group is RgMin, which satisfies the following conditions: 5≤RgMax / RgMin≤9.

19. The optical waveguide plate according to claim 18, wherein: The radius slope of each superstructure group is SlopR, which satisfies the following conditions: 20nm / unit≤SlopR≤30nm / unit.

20. The optical waveguide plate according to claim 14, wherein The light passing through each metasurface has a deflection angle Sd, which satisfies the following conditions: 10 degrees ≤ Sd.

21. An optical lens, characterized in that: Include: An optical waveguide plate as claimed in claim 14.

22. The optical lens according to claim 21, wherein: Also includes: At least three optical lenses, wherein the optical waveguide plate is located on the image side of the last optical lens from the object side to the image side of the optical path.

23. The optical lens according to claim 22, wherein: The viewing angle of the optical lens is FOV, which satisfies the following conditions: FOV≤40 degrees.

24. The optical lens according to claim 23, wherein: The main incident angle of the optical lens on the optical waveguide plate is AOI, which satisfies the following conditions: AOI≤30 degrees.

25. The optical lens according to claim 21, wherein: Also includes: Five optical lenses, which are, in order from the object side to the image side of the optical path, a first optical lens, a second optical lens, a third optical lens, a fourth optical lens and a fifth optical lens; The maximum adjacent center distance between the at least two superstructures is DmMax, the maximum number of superstructures of each superstructure group is QmMax, the height of each superstructure is Hm, the minimum superstructure radius of each superstructure group is RgMin, the radius slope of each superstructure group is SlopR, the light deflection angle of each supersurface is Sd, the viewing angle of the optical lens is FOV, the main incident angle of the optical lens on the optical waveguide plate is AOI, the total focal length of the optical lens is F, the back focal length of the optical lens is BL, and the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the first optical lens is The curvature radius of the image side surface of the first optical lens is R1, the curvature radius of the image side surface of the first optical lens is R2, the curvature radius of the object side surface of the second optical lens is R3, the curvature radius of the image side surface of the second optical lens is R4, the curvature radius of the object side surface of the third optical lens is R5, the curvature radius of the image side surface of the third optical lens is R6, the curvature radius of the object side surface of the fourth optical lens is R7, the curvature radius of the image side surface of the fourth optical lens is R8, the curvature radius of the object side surface of the fifth optical lens is R9, and the curvature radius of the image side surface of the fifth optical lens is R10, which meets the following conditions: 0nm·unit <DmMax×QmMax / 1000≤1.1nm·unit; 45≤Hm / RgMin≤50; 25nm / unit≤SlopR≤30nm / unit; 15 degrees ≤ Sd; FOV≤15 degrees; AOI≤10 degrees; 0 <F / BL≤1; |R1 / R2|≤5; |R3 / R4|≤5; |R5 / R6|≤5; |R7 / R8|≤5; and |R9 / R10|≤5.

26. An electronic device, characterized in that: Include: The optical lens as claimed in claim 21.

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