Server power supply system

Abstract

The present application discloses a power supply system for a server, which relates to the field of computer technology. The server power supply system deploys multiple power supplies connected in parallel. When the server has a power supply demand, a target power supply among the multiple power supplies adjusts the power parameters output by the target power supply to reference power parameters based on the power parameters output by the multiple power supplies and the power supply parameters of the power supply system, which indicate the difference between the power output by the power supply system and the power supply parameters of the power supply system. This adjusts the power output of the target power supply to a reference power parameter, thereby achieving balanced power output among the multiple power supplies in the power supply system. This solves the technical problem of low power supply control efficiency of the power supply in the related art, and achieves the technical effect of improving the power supply control efficiency of the power supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of computer technology, and in particular to a power supply system for a server. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of Internet technology and the deepening of digital transformation, the amount of data has shown explosive growth, which has led to a sharp increase in the demand for servers. At present, the server's operating state is different due to the different business volumes carried during operation, and the server will have different power requirements under different operating states. In order to better ensure the power requirements of the server during operation, the relevant technology deploys a power supply system consisting of multiple parallel power supplies for the server, so that the power required by the server is evenly distributed on multiple power supplies. However, in the process of the power supply system supplying power to the server, due to the impedance difference between each parallel power supply and the server connection point, there is a significant difference in power output between the power supplies, which damages the power supply and seriously affects the service life of the power supply. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present application provides a power supply system for a server to at least solve the problem of low power supply control efficiency of a power supply in the related art.

[0004] The present application provides a power supply system for a server, comprising: multiple power supplies, the multiple power supplies are connected in parallel, and the power supply system is used to connect to the server;

[0005] Multiple power supplies, used to supply power to the target servers according to the power requirements of the connected target servers, wherein the power requirements are used to indicate the power requirements of the servers;

[0006] A target power supply among multiple power supplies is used to adjust the power parameters output by the target power supply to reference power parameters based on the power parameters output by the power supply and the power supply parameters of the power supply system, wherein the power supply parameters are used to indicate the difference between the power that the power supply system allows the power supply to output.

[0007] Through this application, multiple power supplies connected in parallel are deployed in the power supply system of the server. When the server has a power supply demand, the target power supply among the multiple power supplies adjusts the power parameters output by the target power supply to the reference power parameters based on the power parameters output by the power supply and the power parameters of the power supply system, thereby adjusting the power parameters output by the power supply according to the difference between the power parameters of the power supply and the power that the power supply system allows the power supply to output, ensuring that the power output between the power supplies is balanced after the power parameters are adjusted, and avoiding the problem of large differences in power output between the power supplies during the power parameter adjustment process. Therefore, the technical problem of low power supply control efficiency of the power supply in the related art can be solved, and the technical effect of improving the power supply control efficiency of the power supply can be achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0009] Figure 1 A hardware connection diagram of a power supply system for a server according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0010] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a parameter converter of a power supply system of a server according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0011] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a filter circuit of a power supply system of a server according to an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0012] Figure 4 This is a circuit connection diagram of a current filter of a power supply system of a server according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0013] Figure 5 This is a circuit connection diagram of a first converter of a power supply system for a server according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0014] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a filter circuit of a power supply system of a server according to an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0015] Figure 7 This is a circuit connection diagram of a voltage filter of a power supply system of a server according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] Figure 8 This is a circuit connection diagram of a second converter of a power supply system for a server according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 9 This is a diagram of a power supply redundancy architecture for a server power supply dynamic current balancing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of dynamic current sharing according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 11 A block diagram of a switching power supply power stage architecture according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of a digital power supply according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 13 This is a block diagram of a digital power supply architecture according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 14 A dynamic adjustment logic diagram according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 15 A logic diagram of dynamic output voltage regulation according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 16 is a logic diagram of dynamic output current regulation according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of a dynamically adjusted average flow rate according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 18 Schematic diagram of a feedback adjustment circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 19 Schematic diagram of a waveform impact according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 20 1 is a power supply parallel current resonance waveform diagram according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 21 A diagram of a current dynamic vibration reduction architecture according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 22 This is a logic diagram of a current dynamic current sharing and vibration reduction function according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 23 Schematic diagram of two detection paths of a vibration reduction module circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 241 is a circuit diagram of a vibration reduction module circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 25 Schematic diagram of level changes of a vibration reduction module circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 26 A circuit diagram of a comparator circuit for detecting an output current of a vibration reduction module circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 27 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a current detection path comparator according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 28 A circuit diagram of a comparator circuit for detecting an output voltage of a vibration reduction module circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 29 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a voltage detection path comparator according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 30 is a waveform diagram of a vibration reduction module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 31 This is a waveform diagram of a dynamic current resonance phenomenon of a parallel power supply according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 32 This is a waveform diagram after improving the resonance phenomenon according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0042] It should be noted that, in the description of this application, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. The terms "first," "second," etc., in this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a particular order or sequence.

[0043] The technical terms involved in the embodiments of this application are explained below:

[0044] Server PSU (Server Power Supply Unit): Server power supply, or simply server power supply.

[0045] CPU (Central Processing Unit): Central Processing Unit.

[0046] GPU (Graphics Processing Unit): Graphics processor.

[0047] MCU (Microcontroller Unit): microprocessor.

[0048] EDPp (Electric Design Peak Power): Electrical design peak power.

[0049] Power Redundancy: Power redundancy.

[0050] Current share: refers to the process of controlling the current output of a power supply to flow evenly through each resistor or load device when passing through multiple parallel resistors or load devices in a circuit.

[0051] Pulse-width modulation (PWM) is a technique that converts analog signals into pulses. While the converted pulse period is typically fixed, the duty cycle of the pulse varies depending on the magnitude of the analog signal.

[0052] Duty Ratio (Duty Cycle): is a concept in many fields such as radio frequency, microwave circuits, low-frequency AC and DC current, which represents the ratio of working time to total time in one cycle.

[0053] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0054] The embodiment of the present application provides a power supply system for a server. Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a hardware connection diagram of a power supply system of a server according to an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system includes: multiple power supplies, the multiple power supplies are connected in parallel, and the power supply system is used to connect to the server;

[0055] Multiple power supplies, used to supply power to the target servers according to the power requirements of the connected target servers, wherein the power requirements are used to indicate the power requirements of the servers;

[0056] A target power supply among multiple power supplies is used to adjust the power parameters output by the target power supply to reference power parameters based on the power parameters output by the power supply and the power supply parameters of the power supply system, wherein the power supply parameters are used to indicate the difference between the power that the power supply system allows the power supply to output.

[0057] Through this application, multiple power supplies connected in parallel are deployed in the power supply system of the server. When the server has a power supply demand, the target power supply among the multiple power supplies adjusts the power parameters output by the target power supply to the reference power parameters based on the power parameters output by the power supply and the power parameters of the power supply system, thereby adjusting the power parameters output by the power supply according to the difference between the power parameters of the power supply and the power that the power supply system allows the power supply to output, ensuring that the power output between the power supplies is balanced after the power parameters are adjusted, and avoiding the problem of large differences in power output between the power supplies during the power parameter adjustment process. Therefore, the technical problem of low power supply control efficiency of the power supply in the related art can be solved, and the technical effect of improving the power supply control efficiency of the power supply can be achieved.

[0058] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the electric energy parameters output by the power supply are parameters used to indicate the state of the electric energy output by the power supply. The electric energy parameters may include, but are not limited to, voltage values, current values, and power values ​​output by the power supply.

[0059] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the power supply parameters of the power supply system are parameters used to characterize the difference between the current or voltage that the power supply system allows the power supply to output at a single time. The power supply parameters may include, but are not limited to, the load current averaging rate of the power supply or the voltage regulation rate of the power supply. The load current averaging rate of the power supply defines the degree of deviation between the actual output current of each power supply and the theoretical average current during the power supply process of the parallel power supplies; the voltage regulation rate reflects the degree of response of the actual output voltage of the power supply to changes in the load current, as well as its adaptability to input voltage fluctuations.

[0060] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, multiple power supplies are connected in parallel, so that the multiple power supplies can share power parameters through the connection relationship between the power supplies, so that the target power supply can obtain the power parameters output by other power supplies in the multiple power supplies in addition to its own power parameters, such as Figure 1 As shown, multiple power supplies realize the power load sharing function by connecting all load sharing bus pins together, so that any power supply in the power supply system can obtain the current value or voltage value actually output by each power supply in real time.

[0061] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, when multiple power supplies are connected in parallel to supply power to the same load (such as a CPU, GPU, or other components inside a server), the ideal distribution of electrical energy should be that all power supplies share the electrical energy evenly, such as evenly sharing the current. This state is called "current balancing" or "current sharing." Power balancing can prevent failures caused by overload of a single power supply and ensure the stability and redundancy of the power supply system. However, in actual applications, due to individual differences between the power supplies (such as impedance differences at the connection point between the power supply and the server), the current output of each power supply will be significantly uneven, which may shorten the life of the power supply and thus affect the stable operation of the entire server. The present application is to use each power supply in the power supply system as its own master control, and by collecting the real-time current or voltage values ​​output by multiple power supplies in the power supply system, as well as the power supply parameters of the power supply system itself, such as the load current averaging rate of the power supply or the voltage regulation rate of the power supply, the current value output by each power supply itself is adjusted to be close to the average current value output by the entire power supply system, or the voltage value output by each power supply itself is adjusted to be close to the preset voltage value output by the entire power supply system, thereby achieving equal sharing of electrical energy by all power supplies.

[0062] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, the process of adjusting the target power supply's own power parameters to the reference power parameters is a multi-round iterative adjustment process that is precisely controlled based on the power parameters output by multiple power supplies and the power supply parameters of the power supply system itself. The specific iterative adjustment process can be implemented by the following steps:

[0063] S1: The target power supply obtains the current real-time output power parameters of each power supply in the power supply system through the load sharing bus, wherein the power parameters may include but are not limited to the current value or voltage value output by the power supply; and calculates the first output power of all power supplies in the power supply system in the first adjustment round, wherein the first output power is used to indicate the average output current value or preset output voltage value of all power supplies in the power supply system in the first adjustment round.

[0064] S2: The target power supply obtains the current power supply parameters of the power supply system, where the power supply parameters may include, but are not limited to, a load current averaging rate or a voltage regulation rate of the power supply.

[0065] S3: The target power supply calculates a first power adjustment amount corresponding to a first adjustment round based on the first output power of all power supplies in the power supply system and the power supply parameters of the power supply system, and adjusts the first power parameter currently output by the target power supply to a second power parameter according to the first power adjustment amount.

[0066] S41: when the difference between the second power parameter and the first output power is less than the target difference threshold, end the adjustment process;

[0067] S42: When the difference between the second power parameter and the first output power is greater than or equal to the target difference threshold, start a second adjustment round and repeat steps S1-S4.

[0068] Through the above multi-round iterative adjustment process, each power supply in the power supply system acts as the master control device for adjusting its own power parameters. It iteratively adjusts its own power parameters based on the power parameters output by all power supplies and the power parameters of the power supply system, thereby achieving multi-round dynamic adjustment of the power parameters of the entire power supply system. In each adjustment round, the target power supply can determine the power parameter adjustment amount for the current round based on the current actual output power and power parameters of the power supplies in the power supply system (i.e., the power adjustment amount is determined based on the output state at the current moment, and the adjustment amount changes dynamically between rounds). It dynamically adjusts the output power parameters to the reference power parameters, effectively achieving balanced current distribution in the multi-power parallel system. This process ensures that even under conditions of dynamic changes in system load (such as GPU overclocking), the output power of each power supply can quickly converge to the current average output power of the power supply system, thereby significantly reducing the problem of uneven power output among each power supply and improving the stability and power supply efficiency of the entire power supply system.

[0069] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, when there is a large difference in the output power between the power supplies of the power supply system, the actual output power of some power supplies in the power supply system will exceed the rated output power of the power supply, thereby causing damage to the power supply components of the power supply and affecting the service life of the power supply. When there is a large sudden change in the power supply demand of the server, the power supply difference between the power supplies is large, so the target power supply can perform the following operations: detecting the change in the power output by the target power supply in response to the power supply demand; when the change in power is greater than or equal to the target change, obtaining the power parameters output by each of the multiple power supplies; adjusting the power parameters output by the target power supply to reference power parameters based on the power parameters output by the power supply and the power supply parameters of the power supply system, wherein the power supply parameters are used to indicate the difference between the power outputs allowed by the power supply system. In this embodiment, the target change amount can be a fixed value set based on experience; or the target change amount can also be determined based on the power supply parameters of the power supply system and the electric energy parameters currently output by the power supply. The specific operation is as follows: converting the electric energy output parameter of the power supply system based on the second electric energy parameters currently output by multiple power supplies, wherein the electric energy output parameter is used to indicate the electric energy that any power supply in the power supply system needs to output after responding to the power supply demand; determining the target change amount based on the electric energy output parameter and the power supply parameter; when the second electric energy parameter is a voltage value, calculating the product value between the second voltage value and the voltage regulation rate to obtain the voltage regulation amount, wherein the electric energy output parameter includes the second voltage value, the power supply parameter includes the voltage regulation rate, and the electric energy regulation amount includes the voltage regulation amount; when the second electric energy parameter is a current value, calculating the product value between the second current value and the current averaging rate to obtain the current regulation amount, wherein the electric energy output parameter includes the second current value, the power supply parameter includes the current averaging rate, and the electric energy regulation amount includes the current regulation amount.

[0070] As an optional embodiment, the target power supply includes: a processor and a controller, the processor and the controller are connected;

[0071] a processor configured to convert, for the controller, a power adjustment amount of the target power supply based on target power parameters and power supply parameters currently output by the multiple power supplies, until the power parameters output by the target power supply are adjusted to reference power parameters, wherein the power adjustment amount indicates a power difference between the target power supply before and after the current power adjustment;

[0072] The controller is used to adjust the electric energy output by the target power supply according to the electric energy adjustment amount.

[0073] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the processor is used to obtain target power parameters output by multiple power supplies in the power supply system, such as the output current Io or output voltage Vo of the power supply; and to obtain power supply parameters of the power supply system, such as the load current average rate of the power supply. or voltage regulation ; and convert the power regulation amount of the target power supply for the controller according to the target power parameters and power supply parameters, wherein the power regulation amount may include but is not limited to the current regulation amount or the voltage regulation amount.

[0074] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, for the load current averaging rate The definition is as follows:

[0075] ;

[0076] Wherein, Io is the output current of the power supply;

[0077] Iave is the average output current of the power supply: ;

[0078] is the output difference of the power supply (i.e. the current regulation value converted from the average output current of the power supply and the load current), .

[0079] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, for the power supply voltage regulation rate The definition is as follows:

[0080] ;

[0081] Wherein, Vo is the output voltage of the power supply;

[0082] Vmean is the median output voltage of the power supply. For example, in a 12V power supply system, Vmean can be preset to 12V, indicating that the power supply should maintain a voltage level of 12V under normal working conditions.

[0083] is the output dynamic difference of the power supply (i.e. the voltage regulation value converted from the output voltage intermediate value of the power supply and the power supply voltage regulation rate), .

[0084] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, the processor converts the target power supply power adjustment value for the controller according to the target power parameter and the power supply parameter, and the process until the power parameter output by the target power supply power is adjusted to the reference power parameter is a multi-round iterative dynamic adjustment process:

[0085] S1: In the first regulation round, the processor obtains the output current Io or output voltage Vo of all power supplies in the power supply system through the load sharing bus, calculates the output average current Iave of the power supply or the output voltage median Vmean of the power supply, and adjusts the load current averaging rate according to the system requirements. or voltage regulation , calculate the required first electric energy adjustment amount.

[0086] S2: The controller adjusts the power parameters currently output by the target power supply according to the first power adjustment amount, so that the current and voltage output by the target power supply after adjustment are closer to Iave and Vmean.

[0087] S3: After several iterations, the difference between the current and voltage output by the target power supply and Iave and Vmean drops below the target difference threshold. The output current and voltage of each power supply in the system tend to be stable, achieving current sharing and voltage stability under dynamic conditions.

[0088] Through the above content, the target power supply can quickly respond to load changes in the power supply system and dynamically adjust its own output power parameters, so that the output current and voltage of each power supply in the system tend to be balanced, significantly improving the current balance and voltage stability of the power supply system.

[0089] As an optional embodiment, the controller includes: a filter circuit and a power supply circuit, the power supply circuit is connected to the processor, and the power supply circuit is also connected to the filter circuit;

[0090] a power supply circuit, configured to operate according to target operating parameters indicated by the electric energy regulation amount and output a first electric energy;

[0091] a filtering circuit, configured to detect a disturbance parameter carried in the first electrical energy, and generate a calibration parameter of an operating parameter for the power supply circuit based on the disturbance parameter, wherein the disturbance parameter is used to indicate interference of the power supply status of other power supplies other than the target power supply among the multiple power supplies with the power supply status of the target power supply;

[0092] The power supply circuit is further used to adjust the target operating parameters using the calibration parameters to obtain reference operating parameters, and operate according to the reference operating parameters to output the second electrical energy.

[0093] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the power supply circuit is configured to receive target operating parameters, such as a target voltage value or a target current value, indicated by the power regulation amount calculated by the processor, and operate in accordance with these parameters to output the first power. During the dynamic regulation process, the power supply circuit continuously adjusts its operating parameters according to the instructions of the processor to output power that meets the requirements of the power supply system.

[0094] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, due to the parallel relationship between multiple power supplies, parallel resonance may occur during operation of the power supplies. Parallel resonance primarily occurs when the characteristics of the system's inductance and capacitance components interact. When the circuit's operating frequency approaches its resonant frequency, the circuit impedance may decrease or increase sharply. This phenomenon may cause large current or voltage fluctuations, threatening the stability and safety of the system. When the power supply circuit operates according to the target operating parameters indicated by the power regulation amount, the power output of the power supply circuit changes, and the resonance factor causes jitter in the power output of the power supply circuit. This jitter has a certain convergence period, and after the convergence period ends, stable power is output. To reduce the jitter convergence period, the present application designs a filter circuit that monitors and analyzes the disturbance parameters carried in the first power output by the power supply circuit. The disturbance parameters indicate the interference caused by the power supply status of power supplies other than the target power supply in the power supply system on the power output of the target power supply, which may include, but is not limited to, electromagnetic interference (EMI) or resonant noise. By detecting disturbance parameters, the filtering circuit can identify unstable factors in the parallel power supply system and generate corresponding calibration parameters. The calibration parameters can include slight adjustments to the output voltage or current of the power supply circuit, as well as vibration reduction control strategies for resonance and EMI, such as adjusting the duty cycle of the power converter or optimizing the voltage feedback loop, thereby shortening the jitter convergence period of the power supply circuit when regulating the output power.

[0095] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the power supply circuit is also used to further fine-tune its operating parameters based on the calibration parameters generated by the filtering circuit to obtain more accurate reference operating parameters, ensure that the output second electrical energy is more stable and balanced, and ultimately achieve rapid convergence of the output electrical energy parameters to the ideal state required by the system.

[0096] Through the above content, the collaboration between the filtering circuit and the power supply circuit can ensure the efficient and stable operation of the target power supply under dynamic conditions. In particular, the filtering circuit can detect and analyze the disturbance parameters in the power output in real time, generate calibration parameters to optimize the working state of the power supply circuit, and reduce the interference in the parallel system, thereby accelerating the convergence speed of the system dynamic adjustment, ensuring that the power supply can maintain stable and efficient power output even under high dynamic load conditions.

[0097] As an optional embodiment, the power supply circuit includes: a parameter converter and a switching power supply, wherein the parameter converter is connected to the processor and the switching power supply respectively;

[0098] A parameter converter, configured to convert an initial pulse width signal corresponding to the electric energy regulation amount, wherein the target operating parameter includes the initial pulse width signal;

[0099] The switching power supply is used for responding to the initial pulse width signal, discharging according to the discharge state indicated by the initial pulse width signal, and outputting the first electric energy.

[0100] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, a parameter converter is used to convert the power regulation amount calculated by the processor into an initial pulse width signal that can be understood and executed by the switching power supply. The initial pulse width signal is a control signal used to instruct the switching power supply how to adjust the on-time in its switching cycle, that is, the "on" time of the switching element. The pulse width of the signal is proportional to the power regulation amount. By adjusting the pulse width, fine control of the power supply output voltage and current can be achieved to meet the needs of dynamic load changes.

[0101] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the switching power supply is configured to respond to an initial pulse width signal and control the on-off period of an internal switching element (e.g., a MOSFET) to adjust the output state of the power supply. When the switching power supply receives the initial pulse width signal output by the parameter converter, it adjusts the on-time of the internal switching element based on the pulse width of the signal. This adjustment is dynamic and can quickly respond to fluctuations in the system load, ensuring that the first power output of the power supply meets the set target operating parameters.

[0102] As an optional embodiment, the parameter converter is further connected to the filter circuit;

[0103] The parameter converter is further used to adjust the initial pulse width signal using the calibration parameter received from the filter circuit output to obtain a reference pulse width signal;

[0104] The switching power supply is further configured to respond to the reference pulse width signal, discharge according to the discharge state indicated by the reference pulse width signal, and output a second electric energy.

[0105] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the parameter converter not only receives the power regulation amount of the processor, but also interacts with the filtering circuit to receive calibration parameters from the filtering circuit. The parameter converter adjusts the initial pulse width signal according to the calibration parameters to ensure that the power supply output is not negatively affected by changes in the power supply status of other power supplies. The reference pulse width signal after secondary adjustment includes the power regulation amount and disturbance compensation information, which is used to compensate for the voltage or current deviation detected by the filtering circuit, providing more accurate power output control instructions for the switching power supply.

[0106] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the switching power supply is used to respond to a reference pulse width signal and further adjust the conduction time of its internal switching element to output a second electrical energy. The second electrical energy refers to the power supply output after correction by the filtering circuit and adjustment by the parameter converter. It not only responds to real-time load changes, but also compensates for the voltage and current deviations detected by the filtering circuit, thereby achieving a more stable and optimized power supply and improving the performance and reliability of the entire power supply system.

[0107] As an optional embodiment, a parameter converter includes: a sawtooth wave generator, a first amplifier, a signal comparator, and a first reference power supply, wherein a first input terminal of the signal comparator is connected to the first reference power supply, a second input terminal of the signal comparator is connected to a signal output terminal of a filter circuit, a signal output terminal of the first amplifier is connected to a first input terminal of the signal comparator, a second input terminal of the signal comparator is connected to the sawtooth wave generator, and an output terminal of the signal comparator is connected to a switching power supply;

[0108] a first amplifier, configured to generate a calibration signal according to a reference voltage output by the first reference power supply and a calibration parameter output by the filter circuit;

[0109] A sawtooth wave generator is used to convert a sawtooth wave signal corresponding to the electric energy regulation amount;

[0110] The signal comparator is used for outputting a pulse width signal according to the calibration signal and the sawtooth wave signal.

[0111] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a parameter converter of a power supply system of a server according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the parameter converter includes a sawtooth wave generator, a first amplifier (i.e. Figure 2 The error amplifier in the signal comparator (i.e. Figure 2 a PWM comparator in the signal comparator) and a first reference power supply, a first input end of the signal comparator is connected to the first reference power supply, a second input end of the signal comparator is connected to the signal output end of the filter circuit, the signal output end of the first amplifier is connected to the first input end of the signal comparator, the second input end of the signal comparator is connected to the sawtooth wave generator, and the output end of the signal comparator is connected to the switching power supply.

[0112] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, a first amplifier is connected to the first reference power supply and the filter circuit to generate a calibration signal to ensure precise control of the power supply output. The first amplifier receives the calibration parameter output by the filter circuit and the reference voltage output by the first reference power supply, and generates the calibration signal through amplification and regulation.

[0113] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the sawtooth wave generator is used to receive the electric energy regulation amount generated by the processor and convert the electric energy regulation amount into a corresponding sawtooth wave signal.

[0114] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, a signal comparator is configured to receive a calibration signal from the first amplifier and a sawtooth wave signal from the sawtooth wave generator. The signal comparator compares these two input signals. When the voltage of the calibration signal exceeds the voltage of the sawtooth wave signal, the signal comparator outputs a high level; otherwise, it outputs a low level. This comparison result determines the pulse width of the PWM signal, which in turn guides the switching period of the switching power supply, i.e., its on and off times, to achieve the desired power output.

[0115] Through the above, the parameter converter achieves precise dynamic control of power supply output through the coordinated operation of the sawtooth wave generator, the first amplifier, and the signal comparator. It not only responds to the processor's power regulation, but also, through interaction with the filtering circuit, compensates for disturbances in the parallel power supply system, ensuring power supply output stability and current distribution, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of the entire system.

[0116] As an optional embodiment, the filter circuit includes: a current filter and a first converter, wherein the output end of the current filter is connected to the input end of the first converter, the current input end of the current filter is connected to the current output end of the power supply circuit, and the output end of the first converter is connected to the power supply circuit;

[0117] a current filter, configured to detect a resonance noise value of other power supplies based on a target current output by the power supply circuit, wherein the first electric energy includes the target current, and the disturbance parameter includes the resonance noise value;

[0118] The first converter is configured to generate a calibration parameter corresponding to the resonance noise value.

[0119] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a filter circuit of a power supply system of a server according to an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ,like Figure 3 As shown, the filtering circuit includes: a current filter and a first converter, the output end of the current filter is connected to the input end of the first converter, the current input end of the current filter is connected to the current output end of the power supply circuit, and the output end of the first converter is connected to the power supply circuit.

[0120] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, when the power supply circuit supplies power to the load, especially in a scenario where multiple power supplies are connected in parallel, resonant noise caused by the parallel connection of power supplies or dynamic changes in the load may occur in the power supply system. The current filter is used to filter out high-frequency noise components from the target current signal and extract noise values ​​related to the resonance.

[0121] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the first converter is used to receive the resonant noise value from the current filter and convert the value into a calibration parameter. The first converter may be, but is not limited to, a digital signal processor, a microcontroller, or other types of signal processing units. It can convert the analog noise value into a digital signal, and then generate calibration parameters through algorithm processing. The calibration parameters are used to indicate how to adjust the power supply output to offset the impact of the resonant noise. The calibration parameters may include, but are not limited to, information on adjusting the duty cycle, frequency, or other control parameters of the PWM signal to achieve precise adjustment of the power supply output and reduce or eliminate the resonant noise.

[0122] Through the above content, effective detection and compensation of resonant noise in parallel power supply systems are achieved. The filter circuit can detect resonant noise in real time and guide the dynamic adjustment of power supply output by generating calibration parameters, thereby ensuring that the power supply system achieves more accurate and stable current output, maintaining the optimal performance of the power supply system and server under dynamic load conditions.

[0123] As an optional embodiment, the current filter includes: a first comparator, wherein the negative input terminal of the first comparator is connected to the output terminal of the first comparator, the positive input terminal of the first comparator is connected to the current output terminal of the power supply circuit, and the output terminal of the first comparator is connected to the input terminal of the first converter.

[0124] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a circuit connection diagram of a current filter of a power supply system of a server according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the current filter includes a first comparator, wherein the connection between the negative input and output of the first comparator forms a feedback loop. The positive input of the first comparator is connected to the current output of the power supply circuit, allowing the first comparator to adjust its output based on the difference between its output and the positive input (i.e., the current output of the power supply circuit), thereby achieving dynamic current signal processing. The output of the first comparator is connected to the input of a first converter. When the first comparator detects noise or fluctuations in the current signal, it outputs a signal indicating the resonant noise value to the first converter. Based on the output signal of the first comparator, the first converter generates calibration parameters corresponding to the resonant noise value, thereby guiding the parameter converter to adjust the PWM signal to ensure that the current output of the power supply is stable and meets system requirements.

[0125] As described above, the current filter uses the first comparator to monitor and process the power supply circuit's current output in real time, utilizing a feedback mechanism to stabilize the current signal and reduce the effects of noise and fluctuations. The connection between the first comparator and the first converter allows detected current anomalies to be quickly converted into calibration parameters, guiding optimal adjustment of the power supply output.

[0126] As an optional embodiment, the first converter includes: a second comparator, a first resistor, a second resistor and a second reference power supply, wherein the first end of the first resistor is connected to the output end of the current filter, the second end of the first resistor is connected to the positive input end of the second comparator, the second reference power supply is connected to the first end of the second resistor, the second end of the second resistor is connected to the negative input end of the second comparator, and the output end of the second comparator is connected to the power supply circuit.

[0127] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a circuit connection diagram of a first converter of a power supply system of a server according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the first converter includes a second comparator, a first resistor (corresponding to Figure 5 R16 in), the second resistor (corresponding to Figure 5 R16 in the figure) and a second reference power supply, wherein a first end of R16 is connected to the output end of the current filter, a second end of R16 is connected to the positive input end of the second comparator, the second reference power supply is connected to a first end of R15, a second end of R15 is connected to the negative input end of the second comparator, and an output end of the second comparator is connected to the power supply circuit.

[0128] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, when the positive input terminal of the second comparator receives the signal output by the current filter, it is compared with the second reference power supply value received at the negative input terminal. If the current signal deviates from the reference level set by the second reference power supply, the second comparator will generate a calibration parameter corresponding to the resonant noise value, which contains information on how to adjust the power supply circuit to offset current fluctuations or noise.

[0129] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the output end of the second comparator is directly connected to the power supply circuit. When the second comparator detects the difference between the current signal and the reference power supply value and generates a calibration parameter signal, the power supply circuit will adjust the duty cycle, frequency and other parameters of its PWM signal based on the calibration parameter signal to achieve precise control of the current output, ensuring that the current is stable and meets system requirements.

[0130] Through the above content, the first converter converts the current fluctuations detected by the current filter into calibration parameters through a combination of a second comparator, a first resistor, a second resistor, and a second reference power supply, thereby guiding the power supply circuit to perform precise dynamic adjustments. This design can effectively handle current fluctuations and noise in the server power supply system and improve the stability and current distribution of the power supply output.

[0131] As an optional embodiment, the filtering circuit includes: a voltage filter and a second converter, wherein the output end of the voltage filter is connected to the input end of the second converter, the voltage input end of the voltage filter is connected to the voltage output end of the power supply circuit, and the output end of the second converter is connected to the power supply circuit;

[0132] a voltage filter, configured to detect a resonance noise value of other power supplies according to a target voltage output by the power supply circuit, wherein the first electric energy includes the target voltage, and the disturbance parameter includes the resonance noise value;

[0133] The second converter is configured to generate a calibration parameter corresponding to the resonant noise.

[0134] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a filter circuit of a power supply system of a server according to an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ,like Figure 6 As shown, the filtering circuit includes a voltage filter and a second converter, the output end of the voltage filter is connected to the input end of the second converter, the voltage input end of the voltage filter is connected to the voltage output end of the power supply circuit, and the output end of the second converter is connected to the power supply circuit.

[0135] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, in a server power supply system, especially when multiple power supplies operate in parallel, the output voltage of the power supply circuit may be disturbed due to differences in electrical characteristics between the power supplies or transient changes in dynamic loads (such as GPU / CPU overclocking), resulting in voltage fluctuations or resonance. The voltage filter is used to monitor and quantify the resonant noise present in the target voltage output by the power supply circuit.

[0136] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the second converter receives the resonant noise value generated from the voltage filter and converts it into a calibration parameter corresponding to the resonant noise to guide the adjustment of the power supply circuit to reduce or eliminate the impact of the resonant noise.

[0137] Through the above content, the resonant noise in the output voltage of the power supply circuit is monitored in real time through the voltage filter, and the resonant noise value is converted into the corresponding calibration parameter by the second converter to guide the optimization adjustment of the power supply circuit. This can effectively reduce the voltage fluctuation and resonant noise in the output voltage and improve the overall efficiency and reliability of the power supply system.

[0138] As an optional embodiment, the voltage filter includes: a third comparator, a third resistor and a fourth resistor, the positive input terminal of the third comparator is connected to the voltage output terminal of the power supply circuit, the first end of the third resistor is connected to the negative input terminal of the third comparator, the second end of the third resistor is connected to the output terminal of the third comparator, the first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the positive input terminal of the third comparator, the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the third comparator, and the output terminal of the third comparator is also linked to the input terminal of the second converter.

[0139] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a circuit connection diagram of a voltage filter of a power supply system of a server according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, the voltage filter includes a third comparator, a third resistor (corresponding to Figure 7 RV4 in) and the fourth resistor (corresponding to Figure 7 RV5 in ).

[0140] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the third comparator receives a voltage output signal of the power supply circuit and a reference level signal through two input terminals, respectively, and then generates an output signal based on the comparison result of the two signals. The positive input terminal of the third comparator is directly connected to the voltage output terminal of the power supply circuit, and is used to monitor the actual value of the power supply output voltage in real time. The negative input terminal receives a reference level through a third resistor. This reference level is a preset voltage standard and is used to compare with the output voltage of the power supply circuit to detect voltage deviation or resonant noise and generate a corresponding resonant noise value.

[0141] Through the above, the integration of a third comparator, a third resistor, and a fourth resistor forms a voltage filter for real-time monitoring and adjustment of the stability of the power supply circuit's output voltage. The third comparator detects voltage deviation or resonance by comparing the power supply circuit's output voltage with a preset reference level. The third and fourth resistors are used for signal conditioning and voltage division, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the third comparator's output. The second converter receives the output signal of the third comparator and generates calibration parameters to guide the power supply circuit for precise voltage control, thereby improving the stability of the voltage output of the parallel power supply system.

[0142] As an optional embodiment, the second converter includes: a fourth comparator, a third reference power supply, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor and a capacitor, wherein the first end of the fifth resistor is connected to the positive input terminal of the fourth comparator, the second end of the fifth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the fourth comparator, the first end of the capacitor is connected to the positive input terminal of the fourth comparator, the second end of the capacitor is connected to the first end of the sixth resistor, the second end of the sixth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the fourth comparator, the first end of the seventh resistor is connected to the positive input terminal of the fourth comparator, the second end of the seventh resistor is grounded, the third reference power supply is connected to the negative input terminal of the fourth comparator, and the output terminal of the fourth comparator is connected to the power supply circuit.

[0143] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, Figure 8 FIG. 1 is a circuit connection diagram of a second converter of a power supply system of a server according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown, the second converter includes a fourth comparator, a third reference power supply, a fifth resistor (corresponding to Figure 8 RV10 in), the sixth resistor (corresponding to Figure 8 RV9 in), the seventh resistor (corresponding to Figure 8 RV11 in) and capacitor (corresponding to Figure 8 CV1 in ).

[0144] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, when the positive input terminal of the fourth comparator receives the voltage signal output by the voltage filter, it is compared with the third reference power supply value received by the negative input terminal. If the voltage signal deviates from the reference level set by the third reference power supply, the fourth comparator will generate a calibration parameter corresponding to the resonant noise value output by the voltage filter. The calibration parameter includes information on how to adjust the power supply circuit to offset voltage fluctuations or noise.

[0145] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the output end of the fourth comparator is directly connected to the power supply circuit, so that the power supply circuit can receive the calibration parameters generated by the fourth comparator. The power supply circuit will adjust the duty cycle, frequency or phase of its output voltage based on the calibration parameter signal to reduce voltage deviation and eliminate resonant noise, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the output voltage.

[0146] Through the above content, the second converter can effectively process the voltage deviation and noise information detected by the voltage filter through the combination of the fourth comparator, the third reference power supply, the fifth resistor, the sixth resistor, the seventh resistor and the capacitor, and generate corresponding calibration parameters to guide the power supply circuit to accurately adjust its output voltage.

[0147] As an optional embodiment, the processor is also used to: convert the power output parameters of the power supply system according to multiple target power parameters, wherein the power output parameters are used to indicate the power that needs to be output by any power supply in the power supply system after responding to the power supply demand; and determine the power adjustment amount according to the power output parameters and the power supply parameters.

[0148] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the target power parameters are used to indicate the actual output power of the power supply. The target power parameters may include, but are not limited to, the current output value, voltage output value, power supply power, etc. of the power supply.

[0149] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the processor receives target power parameters from each power source and, based on the multiple target power parameters and the system's power supply requirements, converts them into a comprehensive power output parameter. The power output parameter indicates how much power (voltage, current, or power) each power source should output to maintain load balancing within the power supply system, given the current power supply requirements. The processor then determines a power adjustment amount based on the power output parameter and the power supply parameters.

[0150] As an optional embodiment, the processor is further configured to: when the target electric energy parameter is a voltage value, calculate a product value between a reference voltage value and a voltage regulation rate to obtain a voltage regulation amount, wherein the electric energy output parameter includes the reference voltage value, the power supply parameter includes the voltage regulation rate, and the electric energy regulation amount includes the voltage regulation amount;

[0151] When the target electric energy parameter is the current value, the product value between the reference current value and the current averaging rate is calculated to obtain the current regulation amount, wherein the electric energy output parameter includes the reference current value, the power supply parameter includes the current averaging rate, and the electric energy regulation amount includes the current regulation amount.

[0152] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, when the target power parameter is a voltage value, the voltage regulation amount is the product of a reference voltage value and a voltage regulation rate. The reference voltage value is used to indicate the desired voltage level of the power supply system and is typically set to the rated output voltage of the power supply, such as the 12V output of a server power supply. Voltage regulation amount = reference voltage value × voltage regulation rate. For example, if the reference voltage value is 12.2V and the voltage regulation rate is 5%, the voltage regulation amount is 12.2V × 5% = 0.61V. That is, during the dynamic response process, if the voltage deviates from the reference value by more than 0.61V, the processor will generate an instruction to adjust the power supply in the power supply system so that its output voltage is adjusted to within a specified range.

[0153] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, when the target electric energy parameter is a current value, the current regulation amount is the product of the reference current value and the current averaging rate, and the reference current value is used to indicate the current output of each power supply under balanced load conditions. Current regulation amount = reference current value × current averaging rate. For example, assuming that the reference current value is Iave and the current averaging rate is 10%, the current regulation amount is Iave × 10% = 0.1 × Iave, which means that if it is detected that the current exceeds 10% of Iave, the processor will generate an instruction to adjust the power supply in the power supply system so that its output current is adjusted to within the specified current averaging range.

[0154] As an optional embodiment, the processor is further configured to: when the target electric energy parameter is a current value, calculate an average value of multiple target electric energy parameters to obtain a reference current value, wherein the electric energy output parameter includes the reference current value;

[0155] In the case where the target power parameter is a voltage value, a reference voltage value corresponding to the target power parameter is determined from the power parameters and voltage values ​​having a corresponding relationship, wherein the power output parameter includes the reference voltage value.

[0156] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, when the target electrical energy parameter is a current value, the reference current value may be, but is not limited to, the average value of multiple target electrical energy parameters. This average value reflects the average current output of the power supply system at a certain moment, and is used to guide each power supply in the power supply system to adjust its current output to be close to the average value of the power supply system output current, so as to achieve overall current sharing and load balancing.

[0157] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, when the target power parameter is a voltage value, a reference voltage value corresponding to the target power parameter can be determined from power parameters and voltage values ​​that have a corresponding relationship. This relationship can be based on the voltage output specifications of the power supply system design, load variation patterns, historical operating data, and safety and efficiency considerations. For example, for a 12V server power supply, the processor's database contains voltage output requirements under different load conditions, as well as emergency voltage adjustment strategies in specific situations (such as GPU overclocking).

[0158] Through the above content, the processor generates a reference current value and a reference voltage value by calculating the average value of the current value and determining a reference voltage value that matches the voltage value, thereby guiding each power supply in the parallel power supply system to perform dynamic power regulation and adjust the output current and voltage to the desired stable state of the power supply system.

[0159] To fulfill their business functions, servers operate in different states, requiring varying amounts of power. For example, some servers are equipped with multiple graphics processing units (GPUs) to support greater computing power. Overclocking is the process of instantly increasing the GPU's computing power. Overclocking enhances the GPU's performance by increasing its operating frequency (clock rate). Overclocking primarily affects the GPU's core frequency and memory frequency. The GPU's core frequency directly affects its data processing speed. By increasing the core frequency, overclocking enables the GPU to handle more graphics tasks within the same timeframe. Increasing the memory frequency speeds up data transfer between the GPU and the memory, helping to improve high-resolution and large-texture rendering capabilities. Successful overclocking allows users to experience higher frame rates or faster computing speeds in GPU-intensive tasks such as gaming, 3D rendering, and machine learning. Overclocking significantly increases the GPU's temperature. Inadequate cooling can lead to overheating, triggering protective mechanisms such as frequency throttling or automatic shutdown. Overclocking also increases the GPU's power consumption, resulting in higher energy consumption. When overclocking a GPU, peak load (EDPp) is measured. If the PSU's maximum load is applied to the power supply at 155% for 200us, there is concern that the power supply may trigger overcurrent protection (OCP). This power supply supports overcurrent protection (OCP) at approximately 110% of the PSU's maximum load for 1s, and at peak loads of approximately 140% for 100us. Excessive power consumption and load can cause significant voltage fluctuations and reduced stability, and excessive overclocking can lead to system instability. To increase stability, servers often employ power redundancy. Redundancy involves multiple identical power supplies. If one fails, another immediately takes over. After a replacement, multiple power supplies continue to operate in unison. The benefit of power redundancy is high server system stability. If one or two power supplies fail or unexplained, the remaining power supplies in the system continue to operate and provide power to the server system, preventing server downtime or shutdown due to power issues. Power supplies that implement redundancy have multiple current outputs connected in parallel, making even current distribution crucial. Therefore, current sharing is essential. The current balancing function ensures balanced current output for each unit. Through the above-described implementation of this application, active current balancing is achieved on the main output of the power supply system, with load current sharing within 10%, and each PSU operating within 10% to 20% of the rated load; with a 5% tolerance of ≥ 20% of the rated load. A failure of one redundant backup power supply will not affect the operation and output of the other power supplies.If the ISHARE pin is evenly shorted to ground, the power supply output should meet specifications. However, in server applications using GPUs, due to the peak load EDPp when overclocking the GPU, dynamic response is extremely fast. Excessive power consumption and load can easily cause significant voltage fluctuations and reduced stability. Therefore, "dynamic current sharing" is necessary, which is a significant challenge for server power supply design. This invention proposes a software detection method to achieve dynamic current sharing.

[0160] Optionally, embodiments of this application also provide a dynamic current-sharing mechanism for server power supplies. This solution incorporates firmware and hardware features within the server PSU that enable it to immediately adjust the converter duty cycle to the optimal ratio and maintain stable voltage output when output voltage and current variations exceed a certain threshold. Furthermore, a fast-convergence damping module rapidly converges resonance during parallel operation. This allows the server power supply to proactively adjust dynamic current sharing when the GPU is overclocked, without requiring any external commands. This provides high speed and stability.

[0161] The implementation of this solution is divided into three parts: (1) the conditions and model of dynamic current sharing; (2) the judgment logic for sudden changes in output voltage and current; and (3) the fast convergence vibration reduction module.

[0162] 1. Determining the Changes in Server PSU Output Voltage and Current:

[0163] (1) Conditions and models of dynamic current sharing phenomenon:

[0164] Figure 9 FIG. 1 is a diagram of a power supply redundancy architecture of a server power supply dynamic current sharing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 9 As shown, the main output has active load sharing function by connecting all load sharing bus "ISHARE" pins together to support active load sharing. For N+N redundant power supply system, the expected active load sharing current and voltage regulation specifications of PSU output are as follows:

[0165] (1) For power supply current averaging The definition is as follows:

[0166] ;

[0167] Among them, the load current averaging rate is: ;

[0168] PSU output differential: ;

[0169] PSU output current: Io;

[0170] PSU output average current: ;

[0171] (2) For power supply voltage regulation rate The definition is as follows:

[0172] ;

[0173] Among them, the power supply voltage regulation rate is: ;

[0174] PSU output voltage: Vo;

[0175] PSU output median value: Vmean, for example, a 12V power supply is preset to 12.2V;

[0176] PSU output dynamic difference: ;

[0177] (3) Power supply load current averaging and voltage regulation specifications:

[0178] a) Within the working range of each PSU, the current average rate < within 10%;

[0179] b) Power supply voltage regulation rate within each PSU operating range < within 5%;

[0180] When the system is just started, a new power supply is just put into use, or when the system CPU or GPU is overclocked, the power supply will undergo a dynamic change of about 20ms. Therefore, it is necessary to converge for these two different scenarios: "system startup" and "system overclocking". Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a dynamic current sharing according to an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 10 As shown:

[0181] System startup: 20ms after the new power supply (Phase 2) is powered on, the power supply load current averaging and voltage regulation specifications must meet the requirements.

[0182] During system overclocking: 5ms after the dynamic current switches to steady state, the power supply load current averaging and voltage regulation meet specification requirements.

[0183] Therefore, in these two scenarios, if the current regulation rate is greater than 10% or the voltage regulation rate is greater than 5%, the PSU is considered to be in a dynamic state.

[0184] At this time, the boundary conditions of the dynamic change of PSU output are:

[0185] Output current change:

[0186] ;

[0187] Output voltage change:

[0188] .

[0189] 2. Output voltage and current sudden change judgment logic:

[0190] Figure 11 FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a power stage architecture of a switching power supply according to an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 11 The basic architecture of a switching power supply is shown below. A switching power supply generally consists of a pulse-width modulation (PWM) control IC, switching elements (MOSFETs and diodes), magnetic components, and capacitors. While both modes exhibit low dissipation when switching between the cutoff and off modes, the transition between them exhibits higher dissipation, but the duration is very short, resulting in greater energy savings and less waste heat. However, switching power supplies are complex, as MOSFETs frequently switch. If the switching current is not properly managed, it can generate noise and electromagnetic interference that can affect other equipment. Furthermore, specially designed switching power supplies can achieve a high power factor. Switching power supplies typically handle power levels ranging from hundreds of watts to several kilowatts.

[0191] Pulse-width modulation (PWM) is a technique for converting analog signals into pulses. Generally, the pulse period after conversion is fixed, but the duty cycle of the pulse varies depending on the size of the analog signal. Figure 2 As shown in FIG, a pulse width modulation (PWM) switching voltage regulator circuit adjusts its duty cycle through voltage feedback while keeping the output frequency of the control circuit unchanged, thereby achieving the purpose of stabilizing the output voltage.

[0192] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a digital power supply according to an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 12 As shown, the digital power supply is based on the design of an analog-controlled switching power supply, using a microprocessor to replace analog control; performing programmable power management; and using software algorithms to control the power supply system, achieving power control, management, monitoring, and communication functions that analog-controlled switching power supplies cannot achieve. It also has a high degree of flexibility and can ensure the best conversion efficiency under various input voltages and load conditions.

[0193] Current digital server power supplies (Server PSUs) utilize an MCU to perform functions such as converter switching control, fan control, LED control, monitoring, protection, and communication within the power supply. These functions are divided into primary-side MCUs and secondary-side MCUs. Figure 13 A digital power supply architecture block diagram according to an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 13As shown, current server PSUs utilize an MCU to control converter switching, fan control, LED control, monitoring, protection, and communication functions. This MCU is divided into a primary-side MCU and a secondary-side MCU. Current balancing and redundancy are both controlled and implemented by the secondary-side MCU.

[0194] 1) Software adjustment required when the system is dynamically adjusted:

[0195] Further analysis revealed that the dynamic current sharing function of the power supply relies on 12V_ISHARE and IMON for compensation. A voltage difference between 12V_ISHARE and IMON caused a problem with the current sharing function during dynamic testing, resulting in an abnormal 12V waveform.

[0196] Therefore, the software adjustment logic is:

[0197] When the dynamic conditions are met, the system will enter the dynamic control function (DYNC Control Function). If the conditions are not met, the system will continue in the static mode (Steady State Loop). Figure 14 A dynamic adjustment logic diagram according to an embodiment of the present application is shown in the following management process: Figure 14 It will check for dynamic conditions every 5ms (this time is adjustable).

[0198] ;

[0199] ;

[0200] 2) Judgment and correction of entering the dynamic adjustment control function (DYNC Control Function):

[0201] When entering the dynamic adjustment control function, it is necessary to ensure that the current feedback amount is greater than the dynamic mode current change amount , the voltage error between 12V_ISHARE and IMON can be offset. This offset is continued every 5ms until the current feedback amount is less than the current change in dynamic mode, and then the dynamic regulation mode can be exited. Figure 15 is a logic diagram of dynamic output voltage regulation according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 16 This is a logic diagram of dynamic output current regulation according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0202] 3) Test after adjustment:

[0203] The 12V waveform is abnormal due to the increase in the current sharing control limit. Optimized firmware resolves the 12V abnormality during dynamic testing. Verify that the output voltage is normal during dynamic testing. Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of a dynamically adjusted average flow rate according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. Figure 17 As shown in the figure, when dynamic power supply adjustment is achieved, the load current average rate is within 10%.

[0204] 3. Rapid convergence vibration reduction module:

[0205] Because when power supplies are connected in parallel, resonance is a problem that requires special attention. Parallel resonance mainly occurs when the characteristics of the system's inductance and capacitance interact with each other. When the circuit's operating frequency approaches its resonant frequency, the circuit impedance will drop or rise sharply. This phenomenon may cause large current or voltage fluctuations, threatening the stability and safety of the system. Feedback oscillations caused by output oscillations, Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of a feedback adjustment circuit according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 19 Schematic diagram of a waveform impact according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0206] In practical applications, resonance may be caused by the following factors: load changes, grid fluctuations or harmonic injection, etc. When multiple power supplies are connected in parallel, the impact of resonance may be more complicated due to the different internal resistance and dynamic characteristics of each power supply. Figure 20 1 is a diagram of a power supply parallel current resonance waveform according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0207] This will not only cause mutual interference between power supplies, but may also cause equipment damage or reduced efficiency. To prevent resonance, it is necessary to optimize circuit design, add damping circuits, avoid the resonant frequency range, or adopt filtering measures to improve system stability. This is a key link to ensure the reliability of power supply parallel connection. This solution uses a fast convergence vibration reduction module. Figure 21 is a diagram of a current dynamic vibration reduction architecture according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 22 This is a logic diagram of a current dynamic current sharing and vibration reduction function according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0208] Figure 23 Schematic diagram of two detection paths of a vibration reduction module circuit according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. Figure 23 As shown, when the power supplies are connected in parallel, the output current detection path and the output voltage detection path are used to converge the impact of different resonances on the dynamic characteristics of each power supply, which can be converged from dozens of oscillations to 1-2 times.

[0209] Figure 24 FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a vibration reduction module circuit according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. Figure 24As shown, the vibration reduction module circuit is composed of a comparator type circuit, which is designed to eliminate the impact of feedback oscillation. It can be divided into an output current detection path and a voltage output path. Figure 25 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of level changes of a vibration reduction module circuit according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. Figure 25 As shown, this solution uses a dual-power comparator circuit, with Vref bias as the center, to limit the comparison voltage to the Vref+Vos and Vref-Vos ranges. If within this range, it is at a high level +VDD. If it exceeds this range, it is at a low level VSS. If it is grounded, it is at zero potential.

[0210] Output current detection path:

[0211] Figure 26 FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a comparator circuit for detecting an output current of a vibration reduction module circuit according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 27 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a current detection path comparator according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 26 By simplification, it is equivalent to Figure 27 When the current input feedback is in the range of 2.5V+ / -0.61V, the output will be high level, and outside this range it will be low level.

[0212] Output voltage detection path:

[0213] Figure 28 FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a comparator circuit for detecting an output voltage of a vibration reduction module circuit according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 29 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a voltage detection path comparator according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 28 By simplifying it can be equivalent Figure 29 When the voltage input feedback is in the range of 2.5V+ / -0.61V, the output will be high level, and outside this range it will be low level.

[0214] Figure 30 is a waveform diagram of a vibration reduction module according to an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 31 As shown, the vibration reduction module circuit primarily prevents resonance by maintaining the power supply's power feedback voltage at a stable DC bias. Improving resonance when paralleling power supplies can significantly improve system stability and reliability, reducing damage to equipment caused by current or voltage fluctuations. By suppressing resonance, energy loss caused by high-frequency oscillations can be reduced, improving overall efficiency. It also effectively reduces electromagnetic interference and optimizes the operating environment of the power grid or system. Resonance suppression is crucial for the longevity and performance consistency of parallel power supplies. Ultimately, this optimization ensures safer and more efficient system operation, meeting the power supply requirements of complex loads.

[0215] Figure 31: is a waveform diagram of a dynamic current resonance phenomenon of a power supply in parallel according to an embodiment of the present application, Figure 32 This is a waveform diagram after improving the resonance phenomenon according to an embodiment of the present application. In order to meet the dynamic waveform generated when the GPU or CPU is overclocked, the server power supply uses the system dynamic adjustment software and the fast convergence vibration reduction module of this solution. The improvement effect is as follows: Figure 32 As shown, the system dynamically adjusts the software when the CPU or GPU is overclocked to eliminate rising and falling voltages. It also uses a fast-converging vibration reduction module to eliminate current resonance when connected in parallel.

[0216] This solution has a huge potential market. Data centers and servers using GPU cards are prone to experiencing output voltage drops due to peak EDPp loads when overclocking the GPU. This design approach makes the power supply system more adaptable, maintainable, and cost-effective, while ensuring system stability and reliability under varying load conditions.

[0217] This solution allows the software to dynamically adjust based on real-time load changes, achieving more refined load balancing and improving the overall efficiency and stability of the system. It also reduces the impact of resonance on the system. Improving the resonance phenomenon when power supplies are connected in parallel can significantly improve system stability and reliability, reducing damage to equipment caused by current or voltage fluctuations. By suppressing resonance, energy loss caused by high-frequency oscillations can be reduced, improving overall efficiency. This also effectively reduces electromagnetic interference and optimizes the operating environment of the power grid or system. Resonance suppression is crucial for the long life and performance consistency of parallel power supplies.

[0218] On the other hand, through software adaptation, the power supply system can be better monitored and managed, abnormal situations can be responded to quickly, the probability of failure can be reduced, and the reliability of the system can be improved. When the system needs to add new functions or adapt to new load conditions, it can be expanded through software without large-scale changes to the hardware, which enhances the scalability of the system. No additional hardware is required and no special capacitor values ​​are required. This function can be added to the existing architecture and firmware. In addition, this solution does not utilize special technology or new materials, and its advancement is relatively low. The proposed firmware and hardware design effectively solves the dynamic adjustment problem, and the concept is very innovative. The design feasibility of the embodiment is 100%, and the related technologies used are mature existing mass production technologies.

[0219] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the method according to the above embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus the necessary general hardware platform, and of course it can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method.

[0220] Professionals may further appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the above description has generally described the components and steps of each example according to their functions. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0221] The above is a detailed introduction to the power supply system of a server provided by the present application. This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present application, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A power supply system for a server, characterized in that: include: Multiple power supplies, the multiple power supplies are connected in parallel, and the power supply system is used to connect to the server; The multiple power supplies are used to supply power to the target server according to the power supply requirement of the connected target server, wherein the power supply requirement is used to indicate the power demand of the server; a target power supply among the multiple power supplies, configured to adjust the power parameters output by the target power supply to reference power parameters based on the power parameters output by the power supply and the power supply parameters of the power supply system, wherein the power parameters are configured to indicate a difference in current or voltage output by the power supply system between the multiple power supplies at a single time, the power supply parameters correspond to a load current averaging rate or a voltage regulation rate, the power parameters are configured to indicate a power output state of the corresponding power supply, and a difference between the power output by the target power supply after operating according to the reference power parameters and the average power output by the multiple power supplies is less than a preset threshold; The target power supply includes: a processor and a controller, wherein the processor and the controller are connected; The processor is configured to convert, for the controller, an electric energy adjustment amount of the target power supply according to the target power energy parameters currently output by the multiple power supplies and the power supply parameters, until the electric energy parameters output by the target power supply are adjusted to the reference power energy parameters, wherein the electric energy adjustment amount is used to indicate the difference in electric energy before and after the target power supply outputs the electric energy this time; and the controller is configured to adjust the electric energy output by the target power supply according to the electric energy adjustment amount; The controller includes: a filtering circuit and a power supply circuit, the power supply circuit is connected to the processor, and the power supply circuit is also connected to the filtering circuit; the power supply circuit is used to operate according to the target operating parameters indicated by the electric energy adjustment amount and output the first electric energy; the filtering circuit is used to detect the disturbance parameters carried in the first electric energy, and generate calibration parameters of the operating parameters for the power supply circuit according to the disturbance parameters, wherein the disturbance parameters are used to indicate the interference of the power supply status of other power supplies other than the target power supply among the multiple power supplies on the power supply status of the target power supply; the power supply circuit is also used to adjust the target operating parameters using the calibration parameters to obtain reference operating parameters, and operate according to the reference operating parameters to output the second electric energy.

2. The power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply circuit includes: a parameter converter and a switching power supply, wherein the parameter converter is connected to the processor and the switching power supply respectively; The parameter converter is used to convert an initial pulse width signal corresponding to the electric energy regulation amount, wherein the target operating parameter includes the initial pulse width signal; The switching power supply is configured to respond to the initial pulse width signal, discharge according to the discharge state indicated by the initial pulse width signal, and output the first electrical energy.

3. The power supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The parameter converter is also connected to the filter circuit; The parameter converter is further configured to adjust the initial pulse width signal using the calibration parameter received from the filter circuit output to obtain a reference pulse width signal; The switching power supply is further configured to respond to the reference pulse width signal, discharge according to the discharge state indicated by the reference pulse width signal, and output the second electrical energy.

4. The power supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The parameter converter includes: a sawtooth wave generator, a first amplifier, a signal comparator, and a first reference power supply, wherein the first input end of the signal comparator is connected to the first reference power supply, the second input end of the signal comparator is connected to the signal output end of the filter circuit, the signal output end of the first amplifier is connected to the first input end of the signal comparator, the second input end of the signal comparator is connected to the sawtooth wave generator, and the output end of the signal comparator is connected to the switching power supply; The first amplifier is configured to generate a calibration signal according to a reference voltage output by the first reference power supply and the calibration parameter output by the filter circuit; The sawtooth wave generator is used to convert a sawtooth wave signal corresponding to the electric energy adjustment amount; The signal comparator is used to output a pulse width signal according to the calibration signal and the sawtooth wave signal.

5. The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein: The filtering circuit includes: a current filter and a first converter, wherein the output end of the current filter is connected to the input end of the first converter, the current input end of the current filter is connected to the current output end of the power supply circuit, and the output end of the first converter is connected to the power supply circuit; The current filter is configured to detect a resonance noise value of the other power supply according to a target current output by the power supply circuit, wherein the first electric energy includes the target current, and the disturbance parameter includes the resonance noise value; The first converter is configured to generate the calibration parameter corresponding to the resonant noise value.

6. The power supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The current filter includes: a first comparator, wherein the negative input terminal of the first comparator is connected to the output terminal of the first comparator, the positive input terminal of the first comparator is connected to the current output terminal of the power supply circuit, and the output terminal of the first comparator is connected to the input terminal of the first converter.

7. The power supply system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first converter includes: a second comparator, a first resistor, a second resistor, and a second reference power supply, wherein the first end of the first resistor is connected to the output end of the current filter, the second end of the first resistor is connected to the positive input end of the second comparator, the second reference power supply is connected to the first end of the second resistor, the second end of the second resistor is connected to the negative input end of the second comparator, and the output end of the second comparator is connected to the power supply circuit.

8. The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein: The filtering circuit includes: a voltage filter and a second converter, the output end of the voltage filter is connected to the input end of the second converter, the voltage input end of the voltage filter is connected to the voltage output end of the power supply circuit, and the output end of the second converter is connected to the power supply circuit; The voltage filter is configured to detect a resonance noise value of the other power supply according to a target voltage output by the power supply circuit, wherein the first electric energy includes the target voltage, and the disturbance parameter includes the resonance noise value; The second converter is configured to generate the calibration parameter corresponding to the resonant noise.

9. The power supply system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The voltage filter includes: a third comparator, a third resistor and a fourth resistor, wherein the positive input terminal of the third comparator is connected to the voltage output terminal of the power supply circuit, the first end of the third resistor is connected to the negative input terminal of the third comparator, the second end of the third resistor is connected to the output terminal of the third comparator, the first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the positive input terminal of the third comparator, the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the third comparator, and the output terminal of the third comparator is also linked to the input terminal of the second converter.

10. The power supply system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second converter includes: a fourth comparator, a third reference power supply, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, and a capacitor, wherein a first end of the fifth resistor is connected to the positive input terminal of the fourth comparator, a second end of the fifth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the fourth comparator, a first end of the capacitor is connected to the positive input terminal of the fourth comparator, a second end of the capacitor is connected to the first end of the sixth resistor, a second end of the sixth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the fourth comparator, a first end of the seventh resistor is connected to the positive input terminal of the fourth comparator, a second end of the seventh resistor is grounded, the third reference power supply is connected to the negative input terminal of the fourth comparator, and the output terminal of the fourth comparator is connected to the power supply circuit.

11. The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein: The processor is further used to: convert the power output parameters of the power supply system according to the multiple target power parameters, wherein the power output parameters are used to indicate the power that needs to be output by any of the power supply sources in the power supply system after responding to the power supply demand; and determine the power adjustment amount according to the power output parameters and the power supply parameters.

12. The power supply system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The processor is further configured to: when the target electric energy parameter is a voltage value, calculate a product value between a reference voltage value and a voltage regulation rate to obtain a voltage regulation amount, wherein the electric energy output parameter includes the reference voltage value, the power supply parameter includes the voltage regulation rate, and the electric energy regulation amount includes the voltage regulation amount; When the target electric energy parameter is a current value, the product value between the reference current value and the current averaging rate is calculated to obtain the current regulation amount, wherein the electric energy output parameter includes the reference current value, the power supply parameter includes the current averaging rate, and the electric energy regulation amount includes the current regulation amount.

13. The power supply system according to claim 11, wherein: The processor is further configured to: when the target electric energy parameter is a current value, calculate an average value of a plurality of the target electric energy parameters to obtain a reference current value, wherein the electric energy output parameter includes the reference current value; In the case where the target power parameter is a voltage value, a reference voltage value corresponding to the target power parameter is determined from power parameters and voltage values ​​having a corresponding relationship, wherein the power output parameter includes the reference voltage value.

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