Monitoring and early warning method for urban underground pipe network system

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of urban infrastructure monitoring, and discloses a monitoring and early warning method for an urban underground pipe network system, which comprises the following steps of: dividing a monitoring area into a plurality of monitoring areas, distributing a leakage point detection unit for each monitoring area, and respectively monitoring and managing underground pipelines in each area. Acquired water level data between two adjacent leakage point detection units are analyzed to preliminarily detect the existence of obvious leakage points, tracer gas with known concentration is injected into each leakage point detection unit which does not detect the obvious leakage condition by using a tracer gas method, the leakage rate is analyzed and calculated, and the leakage point detection accuracy is improved. According to the method, whether tiny leakage points exist or not is further detected, the aging degree is analyzed through combination of part of detected tiny leakage points which do not exist, key monitoring is carried out, finally, early warning is carried out on leakage point detection results, the situation of the leakage points can be accurately analyzed, and the positions of the leakage points and the leakage situation can be more accurately positioned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of urban infrastructure monitoring, and more specifically to a monitoring and early warning method for an urban underground pipe network system. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of urban construction, underground pipe networks are becoming increasingly complex and large in scale, including water supply networks, sewage networks, and rainwater networks. These pipe systems play a vital role in ensuring the normal operation of cities. However, with the passage of time and the influence of external factors such as geological changes, engineering construction, and pipe aging, underground pipe systems may leak. In particular, once sewage and rainwater pipes leak, it will not only lead to a waste of resources, but also may cause a series of serious problems.

[0003] At present, the management and maintenance of urban underground pipeline networks face many challenges. Due to the hidden layout of underground pipelines and the complex spatial environment, traditional detection methods often require remediation only after obvious leakage or landslides are discovered. Traditional detection methods mainly include the following: (1) Use endoscope equipment to inspect the inside of the pipeline. However, this method requires special equipment and manual operation, has low detection efficiency, and is difficult to achieve real-time monitoring and early warning for large-scale pipeline networks. (2) Using sound waves, geological radar and other means to detect underground cavities and leaks. This method has high requirements for equipment and technology, is easily affected by environmental interference, and limits the accuracy and sensitivity of the detection results. (3) Inferring possible problems with underground pipelines by monitoring surface anomalies such as ground subsidence and cracks. This method is slow to take effect and often problems are not discovered until obvious ground collapse or damage occurs, making it difficult to achieve early prevention. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a monitoring and early warning method for an urban underground pipe network system to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a monitoring and early warning method for an urban underground pipe network system, comprising: S1: The monitoring area is divided into several monitoring areas according to the location of the water wells, and a leakage detection unit is assigned to each monitoring area, so that the underground pipelines in each area are monitored and managed separately; S2: Install a liquid level sensor in the water well to monitor the water level in real time and collect water level data in each leak detection unit. The liquid level sensor transmits the real-time monitored liquid level data to the monitoring center through a wireless communication network. S3: Analyze the collected water level data between two adjacent leakage detection units, calculate the water level difference between adjacent inspection wells, the leakage flow rate and the specific location of the leakage point, and preliminarily screen the leakage detection units for underground pipeline leakage according to the water level difference between adjacent inspection wells. If leakage is detected, transmit the leakage detection result to S6, and locate the leakage point according to the leakage flow rate. If no leakage is detected, continue to conduct further leakage detection and analysis inside the underground pipe network; S4: Based on further leakage analysis inside the underground pipe network, by using the tracer gas method to inject a known concentration of tracer gas into each leak detection unit where no obvious leakage is detected, the leakage rate is analyzed and calculated, so as to further detect whether there are subtle leaks, and transmit the detection results of the subtle leaks to S6; S5: By analyzing the aging degree of a part of the equipment that has no minor leaks, the equipment is monitored in detail and the monitoring results are transmitted to S6 for real-time feedback; S6: It is used to provide real-time feedback on the monitoring results of underground network management and to issue early warnings on leakage detection results.

[0006] Preferably, S1 divides the entire monitoring area into multiple monitoring sub-areas with each water well as the center point, and sets each monitoring sub-area as a leakage detection unit, and then numbers each leakage detection unit in sequence as 1, 2, 3...n, and monitors and manages the underground pipeline water level data in each divided monitoring sub-area through the leakage detection unit.

[0007] Preferably, S2 collects water level data, including water level height and rate of change, by using a liquid level sensor to monitor the water level changes in the well in real time, converting the water surface height data monitored in real time by the liquid level sensor into an electrical signal, and the data processing unit built into the sensor converts the electrical signal into a digital signal for preliminary processing, and then sends the processed data to a monitoring center via a wireless communication network.

[0008] Preferably, when a leak occurs in the pipeline, the water level of the leak detection unit at the location of the leak will drop rapidly. As the water level at the leak drops, a water level difference will be formed between adjacent inspection wells. The water level difference is used to detect whether there is a leak inside the underground pipe network, thereby detecting whether there is an obvious leak in the pipeline. When the system detects that the water level difference between an inspection well and its surrounding inspection wells is increasing, the potential leak can be identified. By monitoring the water level change data and analyzing the water level difference, the specific location of the leak and the leakage flow rate can be further calculated. The specific calculation formula for the water level difference between adjacent inspection wells is: ,in, Indicates the water level of the detection well i, Indicates the water level of the detection well i-1, and well i and well i-1 represent two adjacent wells; by setting a water level difference threshold , the water level difference between adjacent inspection wells Water level difference threshold Compare to see if there is any obvious leakage. When , it indicates that no obvious leakage is detected in the underground pipeline between the adjacent inspection wells, then the leakage point detection unit that has not detected obvious leakage will be further leaked. , indicating that the underground pipeline between the adjacent inspection water wells has obvious leakage, then all the leakage point detection units that have detected obvious leakage at this time are screened out, and the specific location and leakage flow of the leakage point in the screened leakage point detection units are further analyzed and located; The specific calculation formula for the leakage flow is: , where A represents the leaking cross-sectional area at the leaking point, g represents the acceleration of gravity, Indicates the horizontal distance between two wells; When an abnormal water level difference is detected, it can be assumed that the leak point is between the two inspection wells. The specific location of the leak point can be analyzed as follows: The distance between the leakage point and the inspection well i is , The distance between the leakage point and the inspection well i-1 is ,in, represents the average water level of the two inspection wells, Indicates the water level difference between adjacent inspection wells; By analyzing and calculating the leakage flow and the specific location of the leakage point, the leakage point and leakage situation can be accurately located, and the analysis results are transmitted to S6.

[0009] Preferably, S4 collects air samples near the potential leakage point of the pipeline using a detector or sampling equipment, detects the tracer gas concentration in the sample using a gas analyzer, and further analyzes the underground pipeline of the leakage detection unit where no obvious leakage is detected based on the tracer gas concentration, thereby detecting whether there is a subtle leakage point with inconspicuous leakage; The leakage rate is calculated based on the detected tracer gas concentration and known injection conditions. The specific calculation formula is: ,in, represents the leakage rate of the i-th leakage detection unit that did not detect obvious leakage, represents the tracer gas concentration detected near the leak point in the i-th leak detection unit where no obvious leak is detected. represents the flow rate of tracer gas injected into the pipeline in the i-th leak detection unit where no obvious leakage is detected, represents the initial concentration of the injected tracer gas in the pipeline, D represents the diffusion coefficient, represents a constant, k represents the Boltzmann constant, It represents the time from the injection of tracer gas to the detection of leakage in the i-th leakage detection unit where no obvious leakage is detected; The leakage rate is analyzed by using a quantitative analysis method to determine the leakage point, and the position of the leakage point is determined based on the detected tracer concentration gradient, so that the leakage detection unit with a slight leakage point is detected, and the leakage point position is marked, and the detection result is transmitted to S6. At the same time, the leakage detection unit that has not detected a slight leakage point continues to be monitored and analyzed.

[0010] Preferably, S5 analyzes and calculates the aging degree of underground pipelines in the leakage detection units where no minute leaks are detected, and focuses on monitoring the changes in the pipelines based on the aging degree of underground pipelines in each leakage detection unit where no minute leaks are detected.

[0011] Preferably, the S6 issues an alarm for the leakage detection situation of the leak point and records the location of the abnormality. At the same time, it warns the management terminal of the potential risk of road collapse and sends risk warning information.

[0012] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention: The present invention divides the monitoring area into several monitoring areas according to the location of the water well, and allocates a leakage detection unit to each monitoring area. Based on the separate monitoring and management of the underground pipelines in each area, a liquid level sensor is installed in the water well to monitor the water surface height in real time, and the water level data in each leakage detection unit is collected. The water level data collected between two adjacent leakage detection units are analyzed, and the water level difference between adjacent inspection wells, the leakage flow rate and the specific location of the leakage point are calculated. By using the tracer gas method, a tracer gas of known concentration is injected into each leakage detection unit where no obvious leakage is detected, and the leakage rate is analyzed and calculated, so as to further detect whether there is a subtle leakage point. By detecting a part of the leakage points that have not been detected, the leakage rate is calculated. If there are subtle leaks, the degree of aging will be analyzed, so that they can be monitored in a focused manner. Finally, through real-time feedback on the monitoring results of the underground network management and early warning of the leak detection results, it is beneficial to gradually check and detect the entire underground pipeline, divide the area for monitoring, and accurately analyze the leak situation. It is more convenient, faster, and more accurate to locate the location and leakage of the leak, understand the size of the leak and the leakage status, and deal with it at the first time, which can greatly save the waste of manpower and material resources, solve the time-consuming and laborious problem of finding and locating the leak, and can effectively deal with it according to the leak situation, effectively saving the time of pipeline monitoring and maintenance. At the same time, it can also find and eliminate the risk of pipeline leakage in time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a diagram of the method steps of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 It is a system structure block diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the present invention. In addition, the forms of the various structures recorded in the following embodiments are merely illustrative. The monitoring and early warning method for an urban underground pipe network system involved in the present invention is not limited to the various structures recorded in the following embodiments. All other implementations obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] like Figure 1 This embodiment provides a monitoring and early warning method for an urban underground pipe network system, including: S1: The monitoring area is divided into several monitoring areas according to the location of the water wells, and a leakage detection unit is assigned to each monitoring area, so that the underground pipelines in each area are monitored and managed separately.

[0017] In this embodiment, S1 divides the entire monitoring area into multiple monitoring sub-areas with each water well as the center point, and sets each monitoring sub-area as a leakage detection unit, and then numbers each leakage detection unit in sequence as 1, 2, 3...n, and monitors and manages the underground pipeline water level data in each divided monitoring sub-area through the leakage detection unit.

[0018] It should be specifically explained that, assuming an urban area has 100 water wells, each water well covers an area with a radius of 500 meters as a monitoring sub-area, thereby dividing the entire monitoring area into 100 monitoring sub-areas, and each monitoring sub-area is set as a leakage detection unit, that is, each monitoring sub-area is centered on a water well and has a radius of 500 meters; if the pipelines in a certain area are seriously aged and historical leakage data show that the area leaks frequently, the area can be further subdivided into smaller monitoring areas, for example, the coverage radius of each water well is reduced to 300 meters.

[0019] S2: Install a liquid level sensor in the water well to monitor the water level in real time and collect water level data in each leakage detection unit. The liquid level data monitored in real time is transmitted to the monitoring center through the wireless communication network by the liquid level sensor.

[0020] In this embodiment, S2 monitors the water level changes in the well in real time through a liquid level sensor, converts the water surface height data monitored in real time by the liquid level sensor into an electrical signal, and the built-in data processing unit of the sensor converts the electrical signal into a digital signal for preliminary processing, and then sends the processed data to the monitoring center through a wireless communication network, thereby collecting water level data, including water level height and change rate.

[0021] It should be specifically noted that appropriate liquid level sensors, including ultrasonic liquid level sensors, pressure liquid level sensors and float liquid level sensors, should be selected based on the depth of the well, water quality and temperature environmental factors; the installation location of the liquid level sensor should consider whether it can reflect the location of water level changes, and avoid installing it in a location that is easily disturbed, so as not to affect the accuracy of water level measurement; the monitoring center should be equipped with corresponding receiving equipment, including servers and data receiving terminals, which are used to receive data from the liquid level sensor and store the received data in a database for historical data analysis and future trend prediction.

[0022] S3: Analyze the water level data collected between two adjacent leakage detection units, calculate the water level difference between adjacent inspection wells, the leakage flow rate and the specific location of the leakage point, and conduct a preliminary screening of the leakage detection units to determine whether there is a leakage in the underground pipeline based on the water level difference between adjacent inspection wells. If a leakage is detected, transmit the leakage detection result to S6, and locate the leakage point based on the leakage flow rate. If no leakage is detected, continue to conduct further leakage detection and analysis inside the underground pipeline network.

[0023] In this embodiment, when a leak occurs in the pipeline, the water level of the leak detection unit at the location of the leak will drop rapidly. As the water level of the leak drops, a water level difference will be formed between adjacent inspection wells. The water level difference is used to detect whether there is a leak inside the underground pipe network, thereby detecting whether there is an obvious leak in the pipeline. When the system detects that the water level difference between an inspection well and its surrounding inspection wells is often increasing, the potential leak point can be identified. By monitoring the water level change data and analyzing the water level difference, the specific location of the leak point and the leakage flow rate can be further calculated. The specific calculation formula for the water level difference between adjacent inspection wells is: ,in, Indicates the water level of the detection well i, Indicates the water level of the detection well i-1, and well i and well i-1 represent two adjacent wells; by setting a water level difference threshold , the water level difference between adjacent inspection wells Water level difference threshold Compare to see if there is any obvious leakage. , indicating that no obvious leakage is detected in the underground pipelines between adjacent inspection wells, then the leakage point detection units that have not detected obvious leakage will be further leaked. , indicating that the underground pipeline between the adjacent inspection water wells has obvious leakage, then all the leakage point detection units that have detected obvious leakage at this time are screened out, and the specific location and leakage flow of the leakage point in the screened leakage point detection units are further analyzed and located; The specific calculation formula for the leakage flow is: , where A represents the leaking cross-sectional area at the leaking point, g represents the acceleration of gravity, Indicates the horizontal distance between two wells; When an abnormal water level difference is detected, it can be assumed that the leak point is between the two inspection wells. The specific location of the leak point can be analyzed as follows: The distance between the leakage point and the inspection well i is , The distance between the leakage point and the inspection well i-1 is ,in, represents the average water level of the two inspection wells, Indicates the water level difference between adjacent inspection wells; By analyzing and calculating the leakage flow and the specific location of the leakage point, the leakage point and leakage situation can be accurately located, and the analysis results are transmitted to S6.

[0024] It should be specifically explained that the principle of detecting leaks through the water level difference between adjacent inspection wells includes: when a pipeline leaks, the water level at the location of the leak will drop rapidly. As the water flow spreads outward from the leak, the pressure around the leak decreases, showing a lower water level; as the water level at the leak drops, a water level difference will form between adjacent inspection wells. According to the principle of communicating vessels, if a certain section of the pipeline system leaks, the water levels of the inspection wells connected by the connecting pipes will show inconsistency; in order to balance the water loss, the water will flow from the inspection wells with higher water levels around to the leaks with lower water levels; at this time, the water flow near the leak will increase significantly, forming a funnel-like water flow pattern; real-time monitoring of the water level changes of each inspection well, especially the water level difference between two adjacent inspection wells; when the system detects that the water level difference between a inspection well and its surrounding inspection wells is often increasing, the potential leak can be identified; the analysis and determination of the specific location of the leak is determined based on the distance between the leak point and the two inspection wells.

[0025] S4: Based on further leakage analysis inside the underground pipeline network, tracer gas of known concentration is injected into each leak detection unit where no obvious leakage is detected by using the tracer gas method, and the leakage rate is analyzed and calculated to further detect whether there are subtle leaks, and the detection results of subtle leaks are transmitted to S6.

[0026] In this embodiment, the S4 collects air samples by using a detector or sampling device near the potential leakage point of the pipeline, uses a gas analyzer to detect the tracer gas concentration in the sample, and further analyzes the underground pipeline of the leakage detection unit where no obvious leakage is detected based on the tracer gas concentration, so as to detect whether there is a subtle leakage point with no obvious leakage; The leakage rate is calculated based on the detected tracer gas concentration and known injection conditions. The specific calculation formula is: ,in, represents the leakage rate of the i-th leakage detection unit that did not detect obvious leakage, represents the tracer gas concentration detected near the leak point in the i-th leak detection unit where no obvious leak is detected. represents the flow rate of tracer gas injected into the pipeline in the i-th leak detection unit where no obvious leakage is detected, represents the initial concentration of the injected tracer gas in the pipeline, D represents the diffusion coefficient, represents a constant, k represents the Boltzmann constant, It represents the time from the injection of tracer gas to the detection of leakage in the i-th leakage detection unit where no obvious leakage is detected; The leakage rate is analyzed by using a quantitative analysis method to determine the leakage point, and the position of the leakage point is determined based on the detected tracer concentration gradient, so that the leakage detection unit with a slight leakage point is detected, and the leakage point position is marked, and the detection result is transmitted to S6. At the same time, the leakage detection unit that has not detected a slight leakage point continues to be monitored and analyzed.

[0027] It should be specifically explained that the method of detecting leaks by analyzing the flow rate of water level drop is only applicable to cases where the leakage is very obvious. If the leak is not very large or very small, it cannot be detected immediately by directly analyzing the water flow. The size of the leak must be considered, as well as the special location of the leak. Although there is a leak in the underground pipe network, there is no sign of water leakage. At this time, the tracer gas method can be used to effectively capture tiny leaks for leak detection and early warning. The tracer options include sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) and helium. The specific operating steps for detecting leaks by quantitative analysis include: Close other inlets of the system to be tested to ensure that the pressure in the system is stable; Inject tracer into the system and record the injection volume and injection time; Install a concentration detection instrument at the system outlet to monitor the tracer concentration in real time; Calculate the leakage rate based on the change of tracer concentration over time; According to the leakage rate, compare the leakage rate of each leakage point detection unit, find out the unit with higher leakage rate, preliminarily determine the leakage point, and install the concentration detection probe near the leakage point detection unit with higher leakage rate; Monitor the tracer concentration gradient in real time. The location with a larger concentration gradient is the leakage point, and the leakage point should be marked for subsequent repair.

[0028] S5: By analyzing the degree of aging of a part of the equipment that has no tiny leaks, we can focus on monitoring it and transmit the monitoring results to S6 for real-time feedback.

[0029] In this embodiment, S5 analyzes and calculates the aging degree of underground pipelines in the leakage detection units where no minute leaks are detected, and focuses on monitoring the changes in the pipelines based on the aging degree of underground pipelines in each leakage detection unit where no minute leaks are detected.

[0030] It should be noted that the specific calculation formula for the aging degree is: , where K represents the aging degree of underground pipelines in the i-th leakage detection unit where no minor leakage is detected, S represents the material and structural characteristics of the pipeline, and T represents the service time of the pipeline. represents the corrosion rate of the pipeline, Represents environmental impact factors.

[0031] S6: It is used to provide real-time feedback on the monitoring results of underground network management and to issue early warnings on leakage detection results.

[0032] In this embodiment, the S6 issues an alarm for the leakage detection situation of the leak point and records the location of the abnormality. At the same time, it warns the management terminal of the potential risk of road collapse and sends risk warning information.

[0033] like Figure 2 The present embodiment shown provides an implementation system corresponding to a monitoring and early warning method for an urban underground pipe network system, including a region division module, a data acquisition module, a leakage point initial screening module, a leakage point detection and analysis module, a pipeline monitoring module and an early warning feedback module, wherein the region division module is connected to the data acquisition module, the data acquisition module is connected to the leakage point initial screening module, the leakage point initial screening module is connected to the leakage point detection module, the leakage point initial screening module is connected to the early warning feedback module, the leakage point detection and analysis module is connected to the pipeline monitoring module, the pipeline monitoring module is connected to the early warning feedback module, and the pipeline monitoring module is connected to the early warning feedback module.

[0034] The area division module divides the monitoring area into several monitoring areas according to the location of the water wells, and allocates a leakage detection unit to each monitoring area, so as to monitor and manage the underground pipelines in each area separately; The data acquisition module installs a liquid level sensor in the water well to monitor the water level in real time and collect the water level data in each leak detection unit. The liquid level data monitored in real time is transmitted to the monitoring center through the wireless communication network by the liquid level sensor. The leakage point preliminary screening module analyzes the collected water level data between two adjacent leakage point detection units, calculates the water level difference between adjacent inspection wells, the leakage flow rate and the specific location of the leakage point, and preliminarily screens the leakage point detection units for underground pipeline leakage based on the water level difference between adjacent inspection wells; The leakage point detection and analysis module is based on further leakage analysis inside the underground pipe network. By using the tracer gas method, a tracer gas of known concentration is injected into each leakage point detection unit where no obvious leakage is detected, and the leakage rate is analyzed and calculated, so as to further detect whether there are subtle leakage points. The pipeline monitoring module analyzes the aging degree of a part of the pipeline that has no minor leaks, thereby focusing on monitoring the part; The early warning feedback module is used to provide real-time feedback on the monitoring results of the underground network management and to issue early warnings on the leakage point detection results.

[0035] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A monitoring and early warning method for an urban underground pipe network system, characterized in that: include: S1: The monitoring area is divided into several monitoring areas according to the location of the water wells, and a leakage detection unit is assigned to each monitoring area, so that the underground pipelines in each area are monitored and managed separately; S2: Install a liquid level sensor in the water well to monitor the water level in real time and collect water level data in each leak detection unit. The liquid level sensor transmits the real-time monitored liquid level data to the monitoring center through a wireless communication network. S3: Analyze the collected water level data between two adjacent leakage detection units, calculate the water level difference between adjacent inspection wells, the leakage flow rate and the specific location of the leakage point, and preliminarily screen the leakage detection units for underground pipeline leakage according to the water level difference between adjacent inspection wells. If leakage is detected, transmit the leakage detection result to S6, and locate the leakage point according to the leakage flow rate. If no leakage is detected, continue to conduct further leakage detection and analysis inside the underground pipe network; S4: Based on further leakage analysis inside the underground pipe network, by using the tracer gas method to inject a known concentration of tracer gas into each leak detection unit where no obvious leakage is detected, the leakage rate is analyzed and calculated, so as to further detect whether there are subtle leaks, and transmit the detection results of the subtle leaks to S6; S5: By analyzing the aging degree of a part of the equipment that has no minor leaks, the equipment is monitored in detail and the monitoring results are transmitted to S6 for real-time feedback; S6: It is used to provide real-time feedback on the monitoring results of underground network management and to issue early warnings on leakage detection results.

2. A monitoring and early warning method for an urban underground pipe network system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S1 divides the entire monitoring area into multiple monitoring sub-areas with each water well as the center point, and sets each monitoring sub-area as a leakage detection unit. Each leakage detection unit is numbered 1, 2, 3...n in sequence, and the underground pipeline water level data in each divided monitoring sub-area is monitored and managed through the leakage detection unit.

3. The monitoring and early warning method for an urban underground pipe network system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The S2 collects water level data, including water level height and change rate, by using a liquid level sensor to monitor the water level changes in the well in real time, converting the water surface height data monitored by the liquid level sensor in real time into an electrical signal, and the built-in data processing unit of the sensor converts the electrical signal into a digital signal for preliminary processing, and then sends the processed data to the monitoring center through a wireless communication network.

4. A monitoring and early warning method for an urban underground pipe network system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S3, when a pipeline leaks, the water level of the leak detection unit at the location of the leak will drop rapidly. As the water level at the leak drops, a water level difference will be formed between adjacent inspection wells. The water level difference is used to detect whether there is a leak inside the underground pipe network, thereby detecting whether there is an obvious leak in the pipeline. When the system detects that the water level difference between an inspection well and its surrounding inspection wells is increasing, the potential leak point can be identified. By monitoring the water level change data and analyzing the water level difference, the specific location of the leak point and the leakage flow rate can be further calculated. The specific calculation formula for the water level difference between adjacent inspection wells is: ,in, Indicates the water level of the detection well i, Indicates the water level of the detection well i-1, and well i and well i-1 represent two adjacent wells; by setting a water level difference threshold , the water level difference between adjacent inspection wells Water level difference threshold Compare to see if there is any obvious leakage. When , it indicates that no obvious leakage is detected in the underground pipeline between the adjacent inspection wells, then the leakage point detection unit that has not detected obvious leakage will be further leaked. , indicating that the underground pipeline between the adjacent inspection wells has obvious leakage, then all the leakage point detection units that have detected obvious leakage at this time are screened out, and the specific location and leakage flow of the leakage point in the screened leakage point detection units are further analyzed and located; The specific calculation formula for the leakage flow is: , where A represents the leakage cross-sectional area at the leakage point, g represents the acceleration of gravity, and represents the horizontal distance between the two wells; When an abnormal water level difference is detected, it can be assumed that the leak point is between the two inspection wells. The specific location of the leak point can be analyzed as follows: The distance between the leakage point and the inspection well i is , The distance between the leakage point and the inspection well i-1 is ,in, represents the average water level of the two inspection wells, Indicates the water level difference between adjacent inspection wells; By analyzing and calculating the leakage flow and the specific location of the leakage point, the leakage point and leakage situation can be accurately located, and the analysis results are transmitted to S6.

5. The monitoring and early warning method for an urban underground pipe network system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The S4 collects air samples near the potential leakage point of the pipeline using a detector or sampling equipment, detects the tracer gas concentration in the sample using a gas analyzer, and further analyzes the underground pipeline of the leakage detection unit where no obvious leakage is detected based on the tracer gas concentration, thereby detecting whether there is a subtle leakage point with inconspicuous leakage; The leakage rate is calculated based on the detected tracer gas concentration and known injection conditions. The specific calculation formula is: ,in, represents the leakage rate of the i-th leakage point detection unit that did not detect obvious leakage, represents the tracer gas concentration detected near the leak point in the i-th leak detection unit where no obvious leak is detected. represents the flow rate of tracer gas injected into the pipeline in the i-th leak detection unit where no obvious leakage is detected, represents the initial concentration of the injected tracer gas in the pipeline, D represents the diffusion coefficient, represents a constant, k represents the Boltzmann constant, and represents the time from the injection of tracer gas to the detection of leakage in the i-th leakage point detection unit where no obvious leakage is detected; The leakage rate is analyzed by using a quantitative analysis method to determine the leakage point, and the position of the leakage point is determined based on the detected tracer concentration gradient, so that the leakage detection unit with a slight leakage point is detected, and the leakage point position is marked, and the detection result is transmitted to S6. At the same time, the leakage detection unit that has not detected a slight leakage point continues to be monitored and analyzed.

6. A monitoring and early warning method for an urban underground pipe network system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S5 analyzes and calculates the aging degree of the underground pipelines in the leakage detection units where no minute leaks are detected, and focuses on monitoring the changes in the pipelines based on the aging degree of the underground pipelines in each leakage detection unit where no minute leaks are detected.

7. The monitoring and early warning method for an urban underground pipe network system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The S6 issues an alarm for the leakage detection situation of the leak point and records the location of the abnormality. At the same time, it warns the management terminal of the potential risk of road collapse and sends risk warning information.

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