SLM-based pressure pipeline element support design method
By designing solid structures and block-shaped support at the parts that need to be supported by the pressure pipeline elements, combined with the circular plate solid structure, the problems of large amount of support and poor control deformation in the prior art are solved, and efficient printing and cost control of pressure pipeline elements are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411577648.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-28
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, as the size of the pressure pipe element increases, the support is added large, resulting in high printing costs; the support control deformation capability is poor, and the structures that exceed 100mm from the substrate even fail to print the parts.
Using the SLM-based pressure pipeline element support design method, by designing a solid structure at the parts where the pressure pipeline element needs to be supported, and then designing block support on the solid structure, shortening the height of the block support, ensuring its strength, and adding a circular solid structure to the pipe intersection at the horizontal section of the pipeline to control deformation.
Effectively control the deformation and cracking of pressure pipe elements, reduce printing costs, improve support control capabilities, and retain the advantages of easy removal and good support of block support.
Smart Images
Figure CN119720402A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of metal additive manufacturing, and in particular relates to a pressure pipeline component support design method based on SLM. Background Art
[0002] Selective laser melting additive manufacturing technology can realize fast, small-batch manufacturing of three-dimensional entities, greatly reducing the production cycle, and is therefore widely used in many fields. Pressure pipeline components are one of the most common key components in the industrial field. Since they often serve under harsh conditions of high pressure for a long time, failure is difficult to avoid. Due to the lack of spare parts caused by the service environment or remote service location, mold damage and other problems, timely replacement of components has become a difficult problem to solve. Additive manufacturing can quickly realize component manufacturing and has become one of the ways to realize pressure pipeline components.
[0003] During the additive manufacturing process, the laser causes the material to melt and solidify repeatedly and rapidly, causing the material deposition to completely deviate from the balanced solidification process, resulting in large internal stress, which leads to deformation of parts and even cracking in severe cases. Pressure pipeline components usually include horizontal pipelines and suspended vertical pipeline structures. The diameter of the pipeline is large, most of which are greater than 100mm, so during the additive manufacturing process, it is necessary to design supports inside the pipeline and in suspended positions outside the pipeline to control deformation while ensuring the formation of pipeline components. Taking tees and 90° elbows as examples, the areas with severe deformation include the upper and lower overhanging surfaces inside the horizontal circular tube, so it is necessary to design supports for these areas.
[0004] Supports have the functions of assisting forming, controlling deformation, and conducting heat, and are essential structures for additive manufacturing. Supports include non-solid supports and solid supports. Solid supports are high in strength, but consume materials, are difficult to remove, and increase manufacturing costs. Block supports are the most commonly used non-solid support structures for additive manufacturing, and have the advantages of good support performance and easy removal. Due to the single-channel scanning printing strategy, block supports have weak ability to control component deformation and cracking. The higher the height of the block support, the worse the forming and deformation control capabilities. When the block support is more than 100 mm from the substrate, deformation and fracture may even occur, and the support function cannot be fulfilled, resulting in part printing failure. Summary of the invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pressure pipeline component support design method based on SLM to solve the technical problems in the prior art that as the size of the pressure pipeline component increases, the amount of support added is large, resulting in high printing cost; the support has poor deformation control ability, and the structure more than 100mm away from the substrate may even break, resulting in part printing failure.
[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following solutions: The SLM-based pressure pipe component support design method includes the following steps: Step S1: according to the design requirements, a three-dimensional structural diagram of the pressure pipeline component is drawn using three-dimensional drawing software; Step S2: using 3D drawing software to draw and design a solid structure at the curved and horizontal parts of the pressure piping component, and designing a circular plate solid structure at the pipe port of the horizontal section of the pressure piping component; then using support design software to design block supports on the solid structures at the curved and horizontal parts of the pressure piping component, and using the block supports to support the overhanging surface of the pressure piping component; Step S3: Perform processability inspection on the designed pressure pipe components, physical structures and block supports, and package and print them if they meet the requirements.
[0007] In the present invention, a solid structure is designed at the part of the pressure pipeline component that needs support, and then a block support is designed on the solid structure. This greatly shortens the height of the block support, ensures the strength of the block support, and can effectively control the deformation and cracking of the pressure pipeline component. At the same time, in view of the deformation of the pipeline mouth of the horizontal section of the pressure pipeline component, the deformation of the pipeline is controlled by designing a circular plate solid structure to ensure the precision of the formed size. In addition, the support structure of the solid structure + block support in the present invention not only improves the support control ability, but also retains the advantages of easy removal and good support of the block support, and does not increase the difficulty of removing the support later.
[0008] The same process parameters as those for pressure piping components are used to print the solid structure. In this way, the printed solid structure has a dense structure, good stability, and can provide sufficient support strength. Alternatively, the block support process parameters with strength requirements slightly lower than those for pressure piping components but higher than those for pressure piping components are used to print the solid structure. This not only meets the support strength requirements, but also appropriately reduces the printing cost.
[0009] The printing process parameters of the block support are different from those of the physical structure. In order to save costs, the structural density of the block support is not as good as that of the physical structure. Therefore, if the block support is too high, the problems mentioned in the background technology will occur. In addition, in order to facilitate dismantling, the contact area between the block support and the pressure pipe element connection is also designed to be relatively small.
[0010] Further optimization, in step S2, the bending part of the pressure pipe element includes an upper overhanging surface and a lower overhanging surface: 1) for the upper overhanging surface, the solid structure is located in the pressure pipe element, extending upward along the substrate to 20-60 mm below the upper overhanging surface; 2) for the lower overhanging surface, the solid structure is located outside the pressure pipe element, extending upward along the substrate to 20-60 mm below the lower overhanging surface.
[0011] According to the structural characteristics of pressure pipeline components, different solid structures and block supports are designed for different required support parts, which have strong adaptability. In addition, 20-60mm is the design height of the block support. The block support of this height can well control the deformation and cracking of pressure pipeline components, and the support itself will not break.
[0012] Further optimized, the upper surface of the solid structure is a plane or a curved surface, which serves as a growth plane of the block support, and its area is equivalent to the overhanging surface and is not smaller than the lower end surface of the block support.
[0013] Further optimization, the entity structure includes an upper and a lower part, the lower structure is an extension part, the main function is to extend the entity structure to a sufficient height, generally with a small volume; the upper structure is an extension part with a gradually expanding cross-section from bottom to top, the main function is to expand the top surface of the entity structure to a sufficient area to meet the requirements of block support growth. The size of the extension part and the extension part can be adjusted according to needs.
[0014] By designing the physical structure into two parts, the overall volume of the physical structure is reduced, saving printing costs.
[0015] Further optimization, the extension part is a columnar structure as a whole, which is one or a combination of a cylinder, a cuboid, multiple ribs and a lattice structure. The extension part is an inverted pyramid or an oblique polyhedron structure, and the angle between the side of the extension part and the horizontal plane is not less than 45°.
[0016] If the extension part is a cylindrical or rectangular structure, and is printed using the same process parameters as the pressure piping component, then the solid structure can be used as a specimen for mechanical property tests of the pressure piping component after it is dismantled, such as tensile, bending or impact tests. This can make the solid structure have secondary utilization value and further achieve the effect of cost saving.
[0017] For further optimization, for the entity structure with a larger extension part, the following lightweight design is performed: 1) Open weight-reducing holes; 2) Design the extension part as a hollow + dot matrix structure; 3) Reduce the cross-sectional area of the extension part, add ribs on the side of the extension part, open weight-reducing holes on the ribs, and ensure that the thickness of the top of the extension part is not less than 3mm. The lightweight design not only saves printing costs, but also improves printing efficiency. Because the printing parameters of the entity structure are better than those of the block support, even if the lightweight design is performed, its support strength is not affected.
[0018] Further optimization, when the length of one side of the top surface of the extension exceeds 60mm, the solid structure is divided into multiple solid structure units, but the upper top surfaces of all solid structure units are connected as a whole. The upper ends of the extensions of adjacent solid structure units are connected, and there are gaps between the extension units. By designing a large solid structure into multiple solid structure units, the height of the extension is reduced and costs are saved; in addition, the excess metal powder during the printing process can be easily discharged through the gaps for reuse.
[0019] Further optimization, the thickness of the circular plate solid structure is 0.7-5mm; the circular plate solid structure is designed with reinforcing ribs to improve the strength of the circular plate, the circular plate solid structure is 0-3mm away from the outer edge of the pipe mouth, and a circle of through holes is set along the edge of the circular plate support solid structure at the connection with the pipe mouth to facilitate later removal.
[0020] Further optimization, the 3D drawing software includes UG, Creo, Solidworks, CATIA, and the supporting design software includes Magics and Voxeddance.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention combines a solid structure with a block support, thereby reducing the height of the block support in the prior art, improving the effect of the support in controlling deformation, and achieving the purpose of suppressing deformation of pressure pipeline components.
[0022] 2. The support structure of the solid structure + block support in the present invention improves the support control capability while retaining the advantages of easy removal and good support of the block support, without increasing the difficulty of removing the support later.
[0023] 3. The present invention uses the entity structure of the extension part + the expansion part to replace the neat block support structure, which can reduce the support volume, reduce material consumption, and reduce costs. The entity structure is printed with high-efficiency process parameters, which appropriately reduces the forming quality, improves the forming efficiency, shortens the printing time, and further reduces the printing cost. For pressure pipeline components that need to be tested for mechanical properties, the extension part structure is designed to be the sample size of the tensile, bending or impact test, so that useless supports can be turned into useful tensile specimens, which further achieves the effect of saving costs.
[0024] 4. In the present invention, a circular plate support is added to the pipe opening of the horizontal section of the pipeline, which can effectively control the deformation near the opening and ensure the forming accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0025] Figure 1 Flow chart of the SLM-based pressure piping component support design method; Figure 2It is a view of the pressure pipeline component and the physical structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a pressure pipe component and a physical structure view containing a tee of the present invention; Figure 4 A structural diagram showing that an overall entity structure is designed as a plurality of entity structure units for the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the SLM-based pressure pipeline component support design method includes the following steps: Step S1: according to the design requirements, a three-dimensional structural diagram of the pressure pipeline component is drawn using three-dimensional drawing software, such as UG, Creo, Solidworks or CATIA.
[0028] Step S2: Use 3D drawing software to draw and design the physical structure at the curved and horizontal parts of the pressure pipe component, then use support design software to design block supports on the physical structure at the curved and horizontal parts of the pressure pipe component, and use the block supports to support the overhanging surface of the pressure pipe component. The support design software is Magics or Voxeddance, etc.
[0029] Step S3: Perform processability inspection on the designed pressure pipe components, physical structures and block supports, and package and print them if they meet the requirements.
[0030] In the present invention, a solid structure is designed at the part of the pressure pipeline component that needs support, and then a block support is designed on the solid structure. This greatly shortens the height of the block support, ensures the strength of the block support, and can effectively control the deformation and cracking of the pressure pipeline component. At the same time, in view of the deformation of the pipeline mouth of the horizontal section of the pressure pipeline component, the deformation of the pipeline is controlled by designing a circular plate solid structure to ensure the precision of the formed size. In addition, the support structure of the solid structure + block support in the present invention not only improves the support control ability, but also retains the advantages of easy removal and good support of the block support, and does not increase the difficulty of removing the support later.
[0031] The same process parameters as those for pressure piping components are used to print the solid structure. In this way, the printed solid structure has a dense structure, good stability, and can provide sufficient support strength. Alternatively, the block support process parameters with strength requirements slightly lower than those for pressure piping components but higher than those for pressure piping components are used to print the solid structure. This not only meets the support strength requirements, but also appropriately reduces the printing cost.
[0032] The printing process parameters of the block support are different from those of the physical structure. In order to save costs, the structural density of the block support is not as good as that of the physical structure. Therefore, if the block support is too high, the problems mentioned in the background technology will occur. In addition, in order to facilitate dismantling, the contact area between the block support and the pressure pipe element connection is also designed to be relatively small.
[0033] In this embodiment, in step S2, the bending portion of the pressure pipe element includes an upper overhanging surface and a lower overhanging surface: 1) With respect to the upper overhanging surface 1-1, the physical structure 2-12 is located in the pressure pipe element 1 and extends upward along the base plate until 20-60 mm below the upper overhanging surface. Figure 2 shown.
[0034] 2) For the lower overhanging surface 1-2, the solid structure 2-11 is located outside the pressure pipe element 1 and extends upward along the base plate until 20-60 mm below the lower overhanging surface. Figure 1 As shown, the red part on the right is the component.
[0035] Different solid structures and block supports are designed according to the different support parts required, which has strong adaptability. In addition, 20-60mm is the design height of the block support. The block support of this height can well control the deformation and cracking of pressure pipeline components, and the support itself will not break.
[0036] In this embodiment, the upper surface of the entity structure is a plane, which serves as the growth plane of the block support, and its area is equivalent to the overhanging surface and is not smaller than the lower end surface of the block support.
[0037] In this embodiment, the pressure pipe element 1 is a three-way structure. Figure 3 As shown, it includes a vertical section and a horizontal section. A circular plate solid structure 3 is designed at the pipeline port of the horizontal section of the pressure pipeline element, and a rib plate 4 is arranged inside the circular plate solid structure, and a weight-reducing hole is opened on the rib plate.
[0038] In this embodiment, the entity structure includes an upper part and a lower part. The lower part is an extension part 21, which is mainly used to extend the entity structure to a sufficient height and is generally small in size. The upper part is an extension part 22 with a gradually expanding cross section from bottom to top, which is mainly used to expand the top surface of the entity structure to a sufficient area to meet the requirements of block support growth. The size of the extension part and the extension part can be adjusted according to needs.
[0039] By designing the physical structure into two parts, the overall volume of the physical structure is reduced, saving printing costs.
[0040] In this embodiment, the extension part is a columnar structure as a whole, which is one or a combination of a cylinder, a cuboid, multiple ribs and a lattice structure. The extension part is an inverted pyramid or an oblique polyhedron structure, and the angle between the side of the extension part and the horizontal plane is not less than 45°.
[0041] If the extension part is a cylindrical or rectangular structure, and is printed using the same process parameters as the pressure piping component, then the solid structure can be used as a specimen for mechanical property tests of the pressure piping component after it is dismantled, such as tensile, bending or impact tests. This can make the solid structure have secondary utilization value and further achieve the effect of cost saving.
[0042] For the solid structure with a large extension part, the following lightweight design is performed: 1) Open weight-reducing holes; 2) Design the extension part into a hollow + dot matrix structure, such as Figure 3 3) Reduce the cross-sectional area of the extension, add ribs on the side of the extension, open weight-reducing holes on the ribs, and ensure that the thickness of the top of the extension is not less than 3 mm. Lightweight design not only saves printing costs, but also improves printing efficiency. Because the printing parameters of the solid structure are better than those of the block support, even if a lightweight design is performed, its support strength is not affected.
[0043] In this embodiment, when the length of one side of the top surface of the extension portion exceeds 60 mm, the solid structure is divided into a plurality of solid structure units 2-1, such as Figure 4 As shown, the upper top surfaces of all the solid structure units are connected as a whole. The upper ends of the extensions of adjacent solid structure units are connected, and there are gaps between the extension units. By designing a large solid structure into multiple solid structure units, the height of the extension is reduced, saving costs; in addition, the excess metal powder during the printing process can be easily discharged through the gaps for reuse.
[0044] In this embodiment, for a solid structure with a larger extension portion, a weight-reducing hole is designed in the extension portion to reduce costs.
[0045] In this embodiment, the thickness of the circular plate solid structure is 0.7-5mm; the circular plate solid structure is designed with reinforcing ribs to improve the strength of the circular plate. The circular plate solid structure is 0-3mm away from the outer edge of the pipe mouth, and a circle of through holes is set along the edge of the circular plate support solid structure at the connection with the pipe mouth to facilitate later removal.
[0046] Although the above describes the illustrative specific embodiments of the present invention to facilitate those skilled in the art to understand the present invention, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations using the concept of the present invention are protected.
Claims
1. The pressure pipe component support design method based on SLM is characterized by: The steps include: Step S1: according to the design requirements, a three-dimensional structural diagram of the pressure pipeline component is drawn using three-dimensional drawing software; Step S2: using 3D drawing software to draw and design a solid structure at the curved and horizontal parts of the pressure piping component, and designing a circular plate solid structure at the pipe port of the horizontal section of the pressure piping component; then using support design software to design block supports on the solid structures at the curved and horizontal parts of the pressure piping component, and using the block supports to support the overhanging surface of the pressure piping component; Step S3: Perform processability inspection on the designed pressure pipe components, physical structures and block supports, and package and print them if they meet the requirements.
2. The SLM-based pressure pipeline component support design method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S2, the bending portion of the pressure pipe element includes an upper overhanging surface and a lower overhanging surface: 1) For the upper overhang surface, the entity structure is located in the pressure pipe element and extends upward along the base plate until 20-60 mm below the upper overhang surface; 2) For the lower overhang surface, the solid structure is located outside the pressure pipe component and extends upward along the base plate until 20-60mm below the lower overhang surface.
3. The SLM-based pressure pipeline component support design method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The upper surface of the solid structure is a plane or a curved surface, and its area is comparable to that of the overhanging surface.
4. The SLM-based pressure pipeline component support design method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The entity structure comprises an upper part and a lower part, the lower part is an extension part, and the upper part is an expansion part with a cross section gradually expanding from bottom to top.
5. The SLM-based pressure pipeline component support design method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The extension part is a columnar structure as a whole, which is one or a combination of a cylinder, a cuboid, multiple ribs and a lattice structure; the extension part is an inverted pyramid or an oblique polyhedron structure, and the angle between the side surface of the extension part and the horizontal plane is not less than 45°.
6. The SLM-based pressure pipeline component support design method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: For the solid structure with a large extension, the following lightweight design is performed: 1) Open weight-reducing holes; 2) Design the extension part as a hollow + dot matrix structure; 3) Reduce the cross-sectional area of the extension part, add ribs on the side of the extension part, open weight-reducing holes on the ribs, and ensure that the thickness of the top of the extension part is not less than 3mm.
7. The SLM-based pressure pipeline component support design method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: When the length of one side of the top surface of the extension portion exceeds 60 mm, the solid structure is divided into a plurality of solid structure units, but the top surfaces of all the solid structure units are connected as a whole.
8. The SLM-based pressure pipeline component support design method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The thickness of the circular plate entity structure is 0.7-5 mm; The circular plate entity structure is designed with reinforcing ribs, and the circular plate entity structure is 0-3mm away from the outer edge of the pipeline mouth. A circle of through holes is arranged along the edge of the circular plate-shaped support at the connection with the pipeline mouth.
9. The SLM-based pressure pipeline component support design method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The three-dimensional drawing software includes UG, Creo, Solidworks or CATIA, and the supporting design software includes Magics and Voxeddance.