Method and system for guiding open blasting parameter design based on blasting funnel test

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mineral engineering, in particular to an open blasting parameter design method and system based on blasting funnel test guidance, and the method comprises the steps: receiving first data obtained by an unmanned aerial vehicle through three-dimensional laser scanning based on a first test; constructing a relation fitting model according to the first data; obtaining the center burial depth range and the optimal center burial depth of the explosive through the relation fitting model; based on a second test of the optimal center burial depth, receiving second data obtained by the unmanned aerial vehicle through three-dimensional laser scanning, and obtaining a hole pitch range of the explosive according to the second data; and according to the center burial depth range of the explosive and the hole pitch range of the explosive, blasting parameter design of open-air production blasting operation is guided. According to the invention, the problem of large workload of manual acquisition of blasting funnel data and the problem of large acquisition error of the blasting funnel data in related problems are solved, and the efficiency and precision of blasting work are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mining engineering, and in particular to a method and a system for designing open-pit blasting parameters based on a blasting funnel test. Background Art

[0002] Technical background: The blasting funnel theory is the basic theory of rock blasting. By conducting a series of blasting funnel experiments at the blasting site, the matching relationship between explosives and rocks can be obtained, and then the hole network parameters and explosive unit consumption can be optimized. In the blasting funnel experiment, the volume of the blasting funnel is the most important data among all parameters. The accurate calculation of the funnel volume directly affects the reliability of the experiment and the design of subsequent blasting operations. At present, through a large number of engineering practices, traditional blasting funnel measurement methods have been summarized, namely: parabola method, weight method, benchmark positioning method, water measurement method, etc. However, objectively: each method may cause a large workload due to the amount of data collection, or there are inevitable systematic errors in the method itself. The efficiency and accuracy of volume measurement are not high. Subjectively: Due to the different control principles of measurement accuracy by different surveyors in practice, the standards for choosing and rejecting data error accuracy are different, resulting in low accuracy of volume measurement. Secondly, after obtaining the relevant test data of a series of blasting funnels, it is necessary to obtain the optimal blasthole spacing and resistance line range under the test conditions through artificial calculation and analysis. Therefore, more scientific and efficient methods are urgently needed to optimize existing technologies. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the defects in the prior art and the shortcomings in practical applications, the author invented a method and system for guiding open-pit blasting parameter design based on blasting funnel test, which solves the problem of large workload in manually collecting blasting funnel data and large errors in manual blasting funnel data collection in related technologies.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, one aspect of the present invention provides a method for guiding open-air blasting parameter design based on a blasting funnel test, the method comprising: based on a first test, receiving first data obtained from the UAV through three-dimensional laser scanning; constructing a relationship fitting model according to the first data; obtaining the center burial depth range and the optimal center burial depth of the explosive through the relationship fitting model; based on a second test of the optimal center burial depth, receiving second data obtained from the UAV through three-dimensional laser scanning, and obtaining the hole spacing range of the explosive according to the second data; guiding the blasting parameter design of open-air production blasting operations according to the center burial depth range of the explosive and the hole spacing range of the explosive.

[0005] The present invention obtains data by scanning the blasting funnel with an unmanned aerial vehicle, thereby avoiding the error of manual data collection of the blasting funnel, improving the accuracy of the blasting funnel data, and the efficiency of data collection. A relationship fitting model is constructed for the blasting funnel data, and a more scientific method is used to calculate the center burial depth range and the optimal center burial depth. A second test is then conducted based on the optimal center burial depth to obtain the hole spacing range, providing reliable data support for subsequent blasting projects, as well as automated data collection and processing, and improving the efficiency of blasting test work.

[0006] Optionally, constructing a relationship fitting model based on the first data includes: the first data includes a blasting funnel radius, a blasting funnel depth and a blasting funnel volume; receiving explosive charge, explosive line charge density and explosive center burial depth input by a user; obtaining a critical center burial depth for the explosive center burial depth and the blasting funnel volume using a regression analysis method, and calculating a unit explosive blasting funnel volume based on the explosive charge and the blasting funnel volume; obtaining an explosive center burial depth ratio based on the critical center burial depth and the explosive center burial depth; and constructing the relationship fitting models of the explosive center burial depth ratio and the unit explosive blasting funnel volume, the blasting funnel radius and the blasting funnel depth, respectively.

[0007] The present invention respectively constructs the relationship fitting models of the explosive center burial depth ratio and the unit explosive blasting funnel volume, the blasting funnel radius and the blasting funnel depth, and constructs an accurate model through limited blasting funnel data through a scientific analysis method to achieve accurate prediction, reduce the amount of required blasting funnel data, and reduce the cost of blasting tests.

[0008] Optionally, the critical center burial depth is obtained by using a regression analysis method for the center burial depth of the explosive and the blasting funnel volume, including: constructing a regression model according to the center burial depth of the explosive and the blasting funnel volume; using the regression model to solve the center burial depth of the explosive corresponding to the blasting funnel volume being zero, to obtain the critical center burial depth.

[0009] The present invention adopts a regression analysis method to effectively construct a regression model with only a small amount of explosive center burial depth and blasting funnel volume data, thereby reducing the base amount of blasting funnel-related data, reducing the cost of blasting tests, and also providing important data support for subsequent data processing.

[0010] Optionally, the relationship fitting models of the explosive center burial depth ratio and the unit explosive blasting funnel volume, the blasting funnel radius and the blasting funnel depth respectively satisfy the following formulas: in, is the volume of the unit explosive blasting funnel, is the volume of the blasting funnel, is the charge value, is the depth ratio of the explosive center, , , , , and are the correlation fitting coefficients, is the blasting funnel radius value, is the blasting funnel depth value.

[0011] The present invention fits the relationship between data to the greatest extent through a relationship fitting model, thereby improving the accuracy of prediction, and the formula is simple in structure and easy to calculate.

[0012] Optionally, obtaining the center burial depth range and the optimal center burial depth of the explosive through the relationship fitting model includes: obtaining the maximum center burial depth ratio of the explosive corresponding to the maximum unit blasting funnel volume, the maximum blasting funnel radius and the maximum blasting funnel depth respectively through the relationship fitting model; calculating the elastic deformation coefficient using the critical center burial depth and the explosive line charging density; obtaining the center burial depth range of the explosive according to the maximum center burial depth ratio of the explosive, the elastic deformation coefficient and the explosive line charging density; obtaining the optimal center burial depth of the explosive through the optimal center burial depth ratio of the explosive corresponding to the maximum unit blasting funnel volume, the elastic deformation coefficient and the explosive line charging density.

[0013] The present invention can accurately predict the maximum explosive center burial depth ratio corresponding to the maximum unit blasting funnel volume, the maximum blasting funnel radius and the maximum blasting funnel depth by solving the relationship fitting model, and calculate the center burial depth range and the optimal center burial depth by the maximum explosive center burial depth ratio, thereby improving the calculation efficiency and increasing the reliability of the prediction data through scientific prediction.

[0014] Optionally, obtaining the range of the center burial depth of the explosive according to the maximum center burial depth ratio of the explosive, the elastic deformation coefficient and the charging density of the explosive line includes: calculating the maximum center burial depth of the explosive corresponding to the maximum unit blasting funnel volume, the maximum blasting funnel radius and the maximum blasting funnel depth respectively according to the maximum center burial depth ratio of the explosive, the elastic deformation coefficient and the charging density of the explosive line; finding the maximum and minimum values ​​of the maximum center burial depth of the explosive, and taking the maximum and minimum values ​​as the range of the center burial depth of the explosive.

[0015] The present invention determines the center burial depth range through the maximum unit blasting funnel volume, the maximum blasting funnel radius and the maximum explosive center burial depth corresponding to the maximum blasting funnel depth, thereby increasing the applicability of data.

[0016] Optionally, the optimal center burial depth satisfies the following formula: in, is the critical depth of the columnar charge, in units of , is the elastic deformation coefficient, in units of , is the charge density of the cylindrical package line, in units of , is the optimal center burial depth of columnar explosives, in units of , is the optimal center burial depth ratio of explosives. This formula has a simple structure and is easy to calculate.

[0017] Optionally, the method for guiding open-pit blasting parameter design based on a blasting funnel test further includes: evaluating an effect of the first test based on the first data, and evaluating an effect of the second test based on the second data.

[0018] The present invention evaluates the test effect by scanning data, which can effectively exclude obvious abnormal data and improve the accuracy of the test data as a whole.

[0019] Optionally, evaluating the effect of the first test according to the first data, and evaluating the effect of the second test according to the second data, includes: receiving a first test three-dimensional model generated by the drone according to the first data and a second test three-dimensional model generated according to the second data; evaluating the effect of the first test according to the first test three-dimensional model, and evaluating the effect of the second test according to the second test three-dimensional model.

[0020] The present invention constructs a three-dimensional model to intuitively reflect the characteristic data of the blasting funnel, thereby improving the efficiency and precision of the evaluation test, further increasing the accuracy of the test data, and at the same time enhancing the overall applicability and practical application ability of the present invention.

[0021] Another aspect of the present invention provides a system for designing open-air blasting parameters based on a blasting funnel test, the system comprising: a processor, an input device, an output device and a memory, the processor, the input device, the output device and the memory being interconnected, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, the computer program comprising program instructions, the processor being configured to call the program instructions to execute a method for designing open-air blasting parameters based on a blasting funnel test as described in any one of the previous aspects of the present invention.

[0022] The system for designing open-air blasting parameters based on blasting funnel test guidance of the present invention has a compact structure, stable performance, high integration and simple composition, and can stably execute the method for designing open-air blasting parameters based on blasting funnel test guidance provided by the previous aspect of the present invention, further improving the overall applicability and practical application capability of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for designing open-pit blasting parameters based on a blasting funnel test according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a system for guiding open-air blasting parameter design based on a blasting funnel test according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the interaction of equipment in a method for designing parameters of open-air blasting guided by blasting funnel test according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a relationship diagram of a relationship fitting model of a method for designing open-pit blasting parameters based on a blasting funnel test in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be noted that the embodiments described herein are only for illustration and are not intended to limit the present invention. In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it is obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art that these specific details do not need to be adopted to implement the present invention. In other examples, in order to avoid confusing the present invention, known circuits, software or methods are not specifically described.

[0025] Throughout the specification, references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" appearing in various places throughout the specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment or example. In addition, particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in one or more embodiments or examples in any suitable combination and / or subcombination. In addition, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the figures provided herein are for illustrative purposes and that the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0026] See also Figure 1In order to solve the problem of large workload of manual collection of blasting funnel data and large error in manual collection of blasting funnel data in related technologies, in the blasting funnel test, the manual collection of blasting funnel data is replaced by automatic collection by drone, and the automatic calculation of the best installation position of explosives is realized. At the same time, the drone establishes a three-dimensional model based on the blasting funnel test data, which is convenient for users to directly observe the effect of the blasting funnel test.

[0027] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for designing open-pit blasting parameters based on a blasting funnel test according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 The method shown includes the following steps.

[0028] Step S1, based on a first experiment, receiving first data obtained from the drone through three-dimensional laser scanning.

[0029] In this implementation, the first experiment was a single-hole variable-depth blasting funnel test. Five blastholes with different depths ranging from 1.7 meters to 2.5 meters were dug at the test site. The diameter of the blasthole was 0.25 meters. Emulsion explosive rolls with a smaller critical diameter (Φ32mm) were used for charging. In order to form a columnar charge, several rolls of Φ32mm emulsion explosive rolls were placed in a DN50PVC pipe before the test. A digital electronic detonator was inserted into the bottom roll of emulsion explosive roll. After the columnar charge was made, it was placed in the blasthole and fixed in the middle of the blasthole. Finally, it was filled with gun mud. Each blasthole was 5 meters apart and arranged in a straight line. 1.5KG of explosives were filled in the blasthole. The test began and blasted hole by hole. After the test, the broken rocks in the blasting funnel and the pumice around the blasting funnel were cleaned. Figure 3 As shown, the drone 100 is flown to the designated test area, and the area is photographed and scanned using the three-dimensional laser scanner mounted on the drone body. At this time, the processor 120 mounted on the body automatically identifies the blasting funnel and numbers the blasting funnel. The remote terminal 130 that maintains communication connection with the processor 120 transmits data information in real time by the processor 120.

[0030] After the calibration and numbering work is completed, the remote terminal 130 and the drone 100 divide the work to perform the blasting funnel characteristic parameter calculation task. For the drone 100, it flies to a position 0.5m above each blasting funnel in the order of numbering, and the three-dimensional laser scanner 110 carried by the fuselage performs a full-range scan of the blasting funnel to obtain the first data of the blasting funnel. After a blasting funnel is scanned, the drone automatically flies to the next blasting funnel for scanning until all funnels are scanned. The processor updates the data to the terminal in real time and generates a task report. After the above work is completed, the drone automatically performs the return mission.

[0031] It should be noted that in the single-hole variable-depth blasting funnel test, data such as the depth, diameter, number of blastholes and the amount of explosives used are not fixed. These data are an embodiment of the present invention and can be adjusted accordingly according to different actual conditions.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, the specific data of the task report is shown in Table 1, a single-hole variable-hole depth blasting funnel test parameter table: Table SEQ Table\* ARABIC 1 Single Hole Variable Hole Depth Blasting Funnel Test Parameter Table A blasting funnel is a funnel-shaped pit formed near the free surface (air-facing surface) when explosives explode in rock and soil in a blasting project. The free surface refers to the interface between the blasted medium and air or water, and it is an important boundary condition for the release of blasting energy.

[0033] The 3D laser scanner itself includes laser transmitter, receiver, time counter, motor-controlled rotatable filter, control circuit board, microcomputer, CCD machine and software. Its working principle is mainly to use the principle of laser ranging to record the 3D coordinates, reflectivity and texture information of a large number of dense points on the surface of the object to be measured, so as to reconstruct the 3D model and various drawing data such as lines, surfaces and bodies of the measured target.

[0034] The 3D laser scanner uses 3D laser scanning, which is a method of measuring through high-speed laser scanning. It is a technology that quickly obtains the 3D coordinate data of the surface of the measured object with large area and high resolution. It breaks through the traditional single-point measurement method and has the unique advantages of high efficiency and high precision.

[0035] Traditional measurement methods often take several seconds or even minutes to measure a point, while 3D laser scanners can measure thousands or even millions of points per second, and can obtain a large amount of spatial point information in a short time, greatly improving the efficiency of data collection and saving time and labor costs. At the same time, this technology can also accurately measure the 3D coordinates, reflectivity, texture and other information of the surface of an object, with a measurement accuracy of millimeters or even higher, providing an accurate and reliable data basis for subsequent data analysis and model reconstruction, and better restoring the true form of the object.

[0036] In an optional embodiment, the equipment required for the single-hole variable hole depth blasting funnel test includes a down-the-hole drill, which uses an impactor that dives into the bottom of the hole to generate impact energy to break the rock, and has high drilling efficiency. At the same time, the down-the-hole drill can accurately control the drilling depth, and by adjusting the drilling parameters, it can meet the requirements of different hole depths.

[0037] Step S2: constructing a relationship fitting model according to the first data.

[0038] Wherein, constructing a relationship fitting model according to the first data specifically includes the following sub-steps: Step S201, the first data includes blasting funnel radius, blasting funnel depth and blasting funnel volume.

[0039] In this embodiment, the first data obtained by the drone through three-dimensional laser scanning includes the funnel radius, the blasting funnel depth and the blasting funnel volume, wherein the blasting funnel radius, the blasting funnel depth and the blasting funnel volume are calculated by the processor carried by the drone based on the scanned data.

[0040] In an optional embodiment, the specific parameters of the blasting funnel radius, blasting funnel depth and blasting funnel volume are shown in Table 2, single-hole variable hole depth blasting funnel test funnel characteristic parameters: Table SEQ Table\* ARABIC 2 single hole variable hole depth blasting funnel test funnel characteristic parameters Step S202, receiving the explosive charge quantity, explosive line charge density and explosive center burial depth input by the user.

[0041] In this embodiment, the explosive data used in the single-hole variable-hole depth blasting funnel test is manually input into the terminal to provide reliable data support for subsequent test calculations. It should be noted that the manual input of data in this embodiment is only an optional condition of the embodiment of the present invention, and is not a limitation of the present invention. In one or some embodiments, the data can also be automatically imported into the terminal.

[0042] The calculation of explosive charge is mainly based on similarity theory and empirical formula. Similarity theory believes that when explosives explode in rocks, the blasting effect is related to factors such as the amount of explosives, rock properties, and the minimum resistance line. The commonly used empirical formula is summarized based on a large number of blasting practices. It should be considered that the physical properties of rocks such as hardness, density, and elastic modulus have a significant impact on the amount of explosives. Hard rocks require more explosive energy to break and throw, while soft rocks require relatively less explosives. For example, granite is a hard rock with high density and hardness, and requires more explosives when blasting than soft rocks such as shale.

[0043] The density of explosive wire charge refers to the mass of explosives loaded in a blasthole per unit length, usually in kilograms per meter (kg / m). It is an important parameter in blasting engineering, used to determine the amount of explosives loaded in the blasthole, especially when columnar charging (such as long strips of explosives in the blasthole), the reasonable determination of the wire charge density is crucial to controlling the blasting effect and ensuring safety. It should be considered that rocks of different hardness have different absorption and transmission characteristics of explosive energy. For hard rock, in order to achieve a good blasting effect, a higher wire charge density is often required. Because hard rock requires more energy to break, a higher wire charge density can provide enough explosion energy to make the rock break more fully.

[0044] The buried depth of the center of the explosive refers to the vertical distance from the center of the columnar explosive to the free surface (free surface). It is one of the key parameters in blasting engineering and has a vital impact on the distribution of blasting energy, the shape of the blasting funnel and the blasting effect. Accurately controlling the buried depth of the center of the explosive can effectively utilize the energy of the explosive and achieve the desired blasting purpose, such as breaking rocks, throwing rocks, etc.

[0045] Step S203, using regression analysis method to obtain the critical center burial depth of the explosive center and the blasting funnel volume, and calculating the unit explosive blasting funnel volume according to the explosive charge and the blasting funnel volume.

[0046] The method of obtaining the critical center burial depth by using the regression analysis method for the center burial depth of the explosive and the volume of the blasting funnel specifically includes the following sub-steps: Step S20301, constructing a regression model according to the buried depth of the explosive center and the volume of the blasting funnel; In this embodiment, regression analysis is a statistical analysis method used to study the relationship between the depth of the center of the explosive and the volume of the blasting funnel. In limited data, a linear relationship can be fitted to the greatest extent according to the changing relationship between the volume of the blasting funnel and the depth of the center of the explosive, and this relationship can be described by establishing a regression model, thereby performing prediction and control. The present invention reduces the basic amount of data related to the blasting funnel, reduces the cost of the blasting test, and also provides important data support for subsequent data processing.

[0047] Furthermore, this embodiment uses a linear regression model, wherein the linear regression model satisfies the following formula: in, is the explosion funnel volume, is the slope, is the intercept, The burial depth of the center of the explosive.

[0048] Furthermore, the buried depth of the center of the explosive and the volume of the blasting funnel are input into Origin, and Origin constructs a corresponding linear regression model according to the buried depth of the center of the explosive and the volume of the blasting funnel. In an optional embodiment, the linear regression model satisfies the following formula: in, is the volume of the blasting funnel, It is the buried depth of the center of the explosive.

[0049] Origin is a professional scientific drawing and data analysis software. It is widely used in many fields such as scientific research, engineering, and teaching. It is mainly used to process experimental data, draw high-quality scientific charts, and conduct in-depth data analysis. For example, in chemical experiments, analyzing the relationship between reaction rate, temperature, and concentration, studying the motion laws of objects in physical experiments, or evaluating product performance in the engineering field, Origin can play an important role.

[0050] Obviously, using Origin to construct a regression model is only one embodiment of the present invention. In an optional embodiment, SigmaPlot can also be used to perform regression analysis on the central burial depth of the explosive and the volume of the blasting funnel, so as to construct a regression model.

[0051] SigmaPlot is a scientific drawing and data analysis software that provides a wealth of statistical methods and data visualization functions, including linear regression analysis. The software has an easy-to-use interface and high scalability, suitable for data analysis needs of all sizes. It supports the import and export of multiple data formats, such as Excel, CSV, SPSS, MATLAB, etc., and can easily integrate and process data from different sources.

[0052] Step S20302, using the regression model, solve the center burial depth of the explosive corresponding to when the blasting funnel volume is zero, and obtain the critical center burial depth.

[0053] In this embodiment, the critical center burial depth refers to when the columnar explosive is buried deep underground and blasted, the energy generated by the explosion is completely consumed in the internal deformation of the rock, and flying flakes (brittle rock) or uplift (plastic rock) just appear on the surface. The vertical distance from the center of the columnar explosive to the free surface (free surface) is called the critical depth, which is the upper limit of the deformation energy zone.

[0054] According to the characteristics of the regression model, when the volume is zero, the corresponding depth of the center of the explosive represents the critical depth, thereby realizing data prediction, improving test efficiency and reducing test costs.

[0055] Step S204, obtaining the explosive center burial depth ratio according to the critical center burial depth and the explosive center burial depth.

[0056] In this embodiment, the single-hole variable hole depth blasting funnel test obtains different blasting funnels through different explosive center burial depths. The explosive center burial depth ratio refers to the ratio of the explosive center burial depth to the critical center burial depth. The explosive center burial depth ratio is a very important parameter in blasting engineering. For different mining environments, the explosive center burial depth ratio has different meanings.

[0057] When the center-depth ratio of the explosive is smaller, the explosive energy is more likely to rush to the free surface, thus forming an obvious blasting funnel, with better rock crushing effect and more rocks being thrown out. This situation is suitable for projects that require rapid clearing of a large amount of rock, such as the initial stage of open-pit mining.

[0058] When the burial depth ratio is equal to 1, the explosive energy is relatively evenly distributed in all directions, which can make the rock around the explosive package more evenly broken, forming a more regular broken area, and the flying rock phenomenon is relatively less. In some blasting projects that have high requirements for the surrounding environment and do not want too much flying rocks, reasonably controlling the burial depth ratio close to 1 can achieve better blasting effects.

[0059] When the burial depth ratio is greater than 1, most of the explosion energy will be consumed inside the rock, mainly for rock compaction and internal crushing, and the surface uplift or throwing phenomenon is not obvious. This situation is more suitable for underground engineering blasting or when deep rock crushing is required.

[0060] Step S205, constructing the relationship fitting models of the explosive center burial depth ratio and the unit explosive blasting funnel volume, the blasting funnel radius and the blasting funnel depth respectively.

[0061] In this embodiment, the single-hole variable-depth blasting funnel test forms different explosive center burial depth ratios through different explosive center burial depths. After the test is completed, the different explosive center burial depth ratios have different performances in the blasting funnel volume, the blasting funnel radius and the blasting funnel depth.

[0062] A fitting model for the relationship between the center burial depth ratio of the explosive and the unit explosive blasting funnel volume is constructed, and a function is constructed using Origin for the center burial depth ratio of the explosive and the unit explosive blasting funnel volume. This function can most reasonably describe the relationship between the center burial depth ratio of the explosive and the unit explosive blasting funnel volume. Through this function, the change trend of the unit explosive blasting funnel volume with the change of the center burial depth ratio of the explosive can be obtained. This embodiment fits limited test data into a relationship model between corresponding data to achieve the purpose of predicting the relationship between different data according to different needs, which essentially reduces the number of blasting funnels in the single-hole variable hole depth blasting funnel test.

[0063] The principle and function of constructing a fitting model for the relationship between the buried depth ratio of the center of the explosive and the radius of the blasting funnel and the relationship between the buried depth ratio of the center of the explosive and the depth of the blasting funnel are similar to those of constructing a fitting model for the relationship between the buried depth ratio of the center of the explosive and the volume of the blasting funnel of the unit explosive, and they will not be repeated here.

[0064] The relationship fitting models of the ratio of the center depth of the explosive and the volume of the unit explosive blasting funnel, the radius of the blasting funnel and the depth of the blasting funnel respectively satisfy the following formulas: in, is the volume of the unit explosive blasting funnel, is the volume of the blasting funnel, is the charge value, is the depth ratio of the explosive center, , , , , and are the correlation fitting coefficients, is the blasting funnel radius value, is the blasting funnel depth value.

[0065] In an alternative embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, the relationship fitting model between the explosive center burial depth ratio and the unit explosive blasting funnel volume satisfies the following formula: in, is the volume of the unit explosive blasting funnel, is the burial depth ratio of the center of the explosive.

[0066] In an alternative embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, the relationship fitting model between the explosive center burial depth ratio and the blasting funnel radius satisfies the following formula: in, is the volume of the unit explosive blasting funnel, It is the radius of the blasting funnel.

[0067] In an alternative embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, the relationship fitting model between the explosive center burial depth ratio and the blasting funnel depth satisfies the following formula: in, is the volume of the unit explosive blasting funnel, is the blasting funnel depth value.

[0068] Wherein, obtaining the critical center burial depth by using the regression analysis method for the center burial depth of the explosive and the volume of the blasting funnel comprises the following sub-steps: Step S3, obtaining the central burial depth range and the optimal central burial depth of the explosive through the relationship fitting model.

[0069] The optimal center burial depth satisfies the following formula: in, is the critical depth of the columnar charge, in units of , is the elastic deformation coefficient, in units of , is the charge density of the cylindrical package line, in units of , is the optimal center burial depth of columnar explosives, in units of , It is the optimal center burial depth ratio of explosives.

[0070] Wherein, obtaining the central burial depth range and the optimal central burial depth of the explosive through the relationship fitting model includes the following sub-steps: Step S301, obtaining the maximum explosive center burial depth ratio corresponding to the maximum unit blasting funnel volume, the maximum blasting funnel radius and the maximum blasting funnel depth respectively through the relationship fitting model.

[0071] In this embodiment, in order to obtain the maximum explosive center burial depth ratio corresponding to the maximum unit blasting funnel volume, firstly, the maximum value of the unit explosive blasting funnel volume is found by solving the relationship fitting model between the explosive center burial depth ratio and the unit explosive blasting funnel volume, and then the explosive center burial depth ratio corresponding to the maximum value of the unit explosive blasting funnel volume is calculated.

[0072] Next, in order to obtain the maximum explosive center burial depth ratio corresponding to the maximum blasting funnel radius, firstly, the maximum value of the blasting funnel radius is found by solving the relationship fitting model between the explosive center burial depth ratio and the blasting funnel radius, and then the explosive center burial depth ratio corresponding to the maximum value of the blasting funnel radius is calculated.

[0073] Finally, to obtain the maximum explosive center burial depth ratio corresponding to the maximum blasting funnel depth, firstly, the maximum value of the blasting funnel depth is found by solving the relationship fitting model between the explosive center burial depth ratio and the blasting funnel depth, and then the explosive center burial depth ratio corresponding to the maximum value of the blasting funnel depth is calculated.

[0074] The invention predicts the maximum explosive center burial depth ratio corresponding to the maximum unit blasting funnel volume, the maximum blasting funnel radius and the maximum blasting funnel depth respectively through a relationship fitting model, thereby improving the accuracy of data, reducing the number of tests and lowering the test cost.

[0075] Step S302, calculating the elastic deformation coefficient using the critical center burial depth and the charge density of the explosive line.

[0076] In this embodiment, the elastic deformation coefficient is calculated to satisfy the following formula: in, is the elastic deformation coefficient, in units of , is the critical depth of the columnar charge, in units of , is the charge density of the cylindrical package line, in units of .

[0077] In open-pit blasting projects, the elastic deformation coefficient is a parameter that measures the elastic deformation characteristics of rocks or other blasted media under the action of the explosion stress wave. When the stress wave generated by the explosion propagates into the medium, the medium will produce elastic deformation and plastic deformation. The elastic deformation coefficient is mainly used to describe the characteristics of the elastic deformation part, which reflects the ability of the medium to restore its original state within a certain range.

[0078] The elastic deformation coefficient is very important for understanding the energy transfer and medium response during blasting. For example, a medium with a large elastic deformation coefficient can absorb and store energy to a greater extent under the action of the blast stress wave, and then release the energy after the stress wave passes, which may affect the formation of the blast funnel, the degree of rock fragmentation, etc. If the elastic deformation coefficient is small, the medium may be more prone to plastic deformation and fragmentation, resulting in different blasting effects such as the distribution of rock fragmentation after blasting.

[0079] In terms of energy transfer, the elastic deformation coefficient determines how the explosive energy is transferred in the rock. When explosives explode in the rock, a strong shock wave is generated. For rocks with a smaller elastic deformation coefficient, the shock wave can more effectively cause them to produce tensile and shear damage. Because a smaller elastic deformation coefficient means that the rock is more likely to produce irreversible deformation when subjected to stress, so that the rock is broken faster under the action of the explosive energy. In terms of crushing effect, the elastic deformation coefficient affects the crushing particle size of the rock. Rocks with a larger elastic deformation coefficient may produce larger pieces after blasting, because they can have a certain elastic deformation to buffer the energy when subjected to the explosive stress, so as not to be completely broken into fine particles. Rocks with a small elastic deformation coefficient are more likely to be broken into smaller particles. This has an important impact on subsequent ore transportation, processing and other links. If the particle size of the crushed ore does not meet the requirements, it may be necessary to add a secondary crushing process, which increases production costs.

[0080] The elastic deformation coefficient also has a certain influence on the safety of blasting, and the elastic deformation coefficient is closely related to the generation of flying rocks. In open-pit blasting, flying rocks are a major safety hazard. When the elastic deformation coefficient of rock is large, the rock may produce a large elastic deformation under the impact of the explosion, and then under the action of the elastic restoring force, some rock fragments may be thrown out at high speed to form flying rocks. Understanding the elastic deformation coefficient of rock is helpful to reasonably design blasting parameters, such as the spacing between blastholes, the amount of explosives, etc., so as to effectively control the range and speed of flying rocks and ensure the safety of personnel and equipment around the blasting site.

[0081] Step S303, obtaining the center burial depth range of the explosive according to the maximum explosive center burial depth ratio, the elastic deformation coefficient and the explosive line charge density.

[0082] Wherein, according to the maximum explosive center burial depth ratio, the elastic deformation coefficient and the explosive line charge density, obtaining the center burial depth range of the explosive specifically includes the following steps: Step S30301, calculating the maximum explosive center burial depth corresponding to the maximum unit blasting funnel volume, the maximum blasting funnel radius and the maximum blasting funnel depth respectively according to the maximum explosive center burial depth ratio, the elastic deformation coefficient and the explosive line charge density.

[0083] In this embodiment, the maximum explosive center buried depth corresponding to the maximum unit blasting funnel volume is related to the maximum explosive center buried depth ratio, elastic deformation coefficient and explosive line charge density corresponding to the maximum unit blasting funnel volume. The maximum explosive center buried depth corresponding to the maximum blasting funnel radius is related to the maximum explosive center buried depth ratio, elastic deformation coefficient and explosive line charge density corresponding to the maximum blasting funnel radius. The maximum explosive center buried depth corresponding to the maximum blasting funnel depth is related to the maximum explosive center buried depth ratio, elastic deformation coefficient and explosive line charge density corresponding to the maximum blasting funnel depth.

[0084] The maximum unit blasting funnel volume refers to the volume of the maximum blasting funnel that can be formed by a unit amount of explosives, based on the known data of the single-hole variable hole depth blasting funnel test. The maximum blasting funnel radius refers to the radius of the maximum blasting funnel that can be formed by a predetermined amount of explosives, based on the known data of the single-hole variable hole depth blasting funnel test. The maximum blasting funnel depth refers to the depth of the maximum blasting funnel that can be formed by a predetermined amount of explosives, based on the known data of the single-hole variable hole depth blasting funnel test.

[0085] The maximum center burial depth of explosives corresponding to the maximum unit blasting funnel volume satisfies the following formula: in, is the optimal center burial depth of columnar explosives, in units of , is the maximum explosive center burial depth ratio corresponding to the maximum unit blasting funnel volume, is the elastic deformation coefficient, in units of , is the charge density of the cylindrical package line, in units of .

[0086] Similarly, we can obtain the formulas for the maximum burial depth of the center of explosives corresponding to the maximum blasting funnel radius and the maximum burial depth of the center of explosives corresponding to the maximum blasting funnel depth.

[0087] Step S30302, finding the maximum value and the minimum value of the central burial depth of the maximum explosive, and using the maximum value and the minimum value as the central burial depth range of the explosive.

[0088] In this embodiment, the maximum explosive center burial depth corresponding to the maximum unit blasting funnel volume, the maximum explosive center burial depth corresponding to the maximum blasting funnel radius, and the maximum explosive center burial depth corresponding to the maximum blasting funnel depth are calculated respectively, the calculated center burial depths are sorted by size, and the maximum and minimum values ​​in the sorting results are selected as the preferred range of the explosive center burial depth.

[0089] In open-air blasting projects, the depth range of the explosive center refers to the upper and lower limits of the depth of explosive placement determined based on project requirements, geological conditions, explosive performance and other factors. A reasonable depth range of the explosive center is crucial to ensure the stability and safety of the blasting effect. If the depth is too shallow, the explosion energy will be released into the air too early, resulting in low blasting efficiency, which may form a skyrocket phenomenon and cause safety hazards such as flying rocks. If the depth is too deep, most of the explosion energy may be absorbed by the surrounding medium, which will not effectively break the rock or achieve the expected blasting effect. It will also increase the amount of explosives used and increase costs.

[0090] There are many factors that affect the depth of the explosive center. The mechanical properties of the rock, such as hardness, density, and elastic modulus, affect the depth of the explosive center. For rocks with higher hardness, such as quartzite, the depth of the explosive center may need to be appropriately deepened due to its strong ability to resist crushing, while for softer rocks, such as clay rock, the depth of the explosive center can be relatively shallow.

[0091] Geological structures such as cracks, faults, and bedding in rocks will change the propagation path of the explosion stress wave. If there are many cracks in the rock, the explosion stress wave will be reflected and refracted at the cracks, and the energy loss will be faster. In this case, the center burial depth of the explosive can be adjusted appropriately according to needs.

[0092] The depth of the center of the explosive is also related to the performance of the explosive. High-power explosives can produce greater explosive energy and higher pressure. Under the same geological conditions, the depth of the center of the explosive can be relatively deep. For explosives with high detonation velocity, the stress wave propagates quickly and the energy release is concentrated. For explosives with high detonation velocity, the depth of the center of the explosive can be adjusted appropriately according to needs.

[0093] Therefore, in order to cope with different mining environments and requirements, the embodiment of the present invention determines the central burial depth range of explosives in a more scientific and convenient manner, which further enhances the applicability and practical application capability of the present invention.

[0094] Step S304, obtaining the optimal center burial depth of the explosive through the optimal center burial depth ratio of the explosive corresponding to the maximum unit blasting funnel volume, the elastic deformation coefficient and the charge density of the explosive line.

[0095] In this embodiment, from the perspective of mining efficiency, the volume of the unit explosive blasting funnel is the most important consideration, so the maximum unit blasting funnel volume is used as a standard for measuring the optimal center burial depth. The optimal center burial depth is related to the optimal explosive center burial depth ratio corresponding to the maximum unit blasting funnel volume, the elastic deformation coefficient and the explosive line charge density.

[0096] Step S4, based on the second test of the optimal center burial depth, receiving second data obtained from the UAV through three-dimensional laser scanning, and obtaining the hole spacing range of the explosive according to the second data.

[0097] In this embodiment, the second test is a variable hole spacing and same-section blasting funnel test. The optimal center burial depth is obtained through a single-hole variable hole depth blasting funnel test. Five blastholes are dug in the test site. The blasthole diameter is 0.25 meters. The blastholes are arranged in a straight line. The distance between two adjacent blastholes increases successively. The blasthole depth is the optimal center burial depth obtained in the first test. This ensures that the blasting force of each blasting funnel is as similar as possible, providing an important test basis for the variable hole spacing and same-section blasting funnel test.

[0098] It should be noted that the distance between two adjacent blast holes in the variable hole distance and same section blasting funnel test can be determined according to actual conditions. In an optional embodiment, the maximum funnel radius is obtained according to the single-hole variable hole depth blasting funnel test, and the distance between two adjacent blast holes is set to 2 times, 2.5 times, 3 times and 3.5 times the maximum funnel radius respectively.

[0099] The test started and the blasting was carried out simultaneously. After the test, the broken rocks in the blasting funnel and the pumice around the blasting funnel were cleaned up. Figure 3 As shown, the drone 100 is flown to the designated test area, and the area is scanned by photographing using a camera. At this time, the processor 120 carried by the fuselage automatically identifies the blasting funnel and numbers the blasting funnel. The remote terminal 130 that maintains a communication connection with the processor 120 transmits data information in real time by the processor 120.

[0100] Specifically, after the calibration and numbering work is completed, the drone 100 flies to a position 0.5m above two adjacent blasting funnels in the order of numbering, and the three-dimensional laser scanner 110 carried by the drone performs a full-range scan of the two adjacent blasting funnels and the through-hole or ridge area formed between the two funnels to obtain the second data of the blasting funnel. The second data includes data such as the blasting groove / spine width. After scanning a blasting funnel, the drone automatically flies to the next blasting funnel for scanning until all funnels are scanned. The processor automatically processes the characteristic parameters of each blasting funnel and the through-hole and ridge area formed between adjacent funnels, and the drone processor 120 determines the superposition of adjacent funnels. After the above work is completed, the drone 100 automatically performs the return mission, generates a task report in a tabular form, and sends the task report to the remote terminal 130. The task report is shown in Table 3 below, which shows the test data of the same-segment blasting funnel with variable hole spacing: Table 3 Test data of blasting funnel with variable hole spacing and same section In an optional embodiment, the range of the distance between the holes of the explosive is determined based on the description of the overlapping of adjacent funnels in the task report. Specifically, the distance between two adjacent blasting funnels with obvious overlapping effect and connected grooves formed by the blasting funnels is the lower limit of the range of the distance between the holes, and the distance between two adjacent blasting funnels with overlapping effect but with a spine just left in the middle is the upper limit of the range of the distance between the holes.

[0101] Step S5, guiding the design of blasting parameters for open-pit production blasting operations according to the central burial depth range of the explosives and the hole spacing range of the explosives.

[0102] In this embodiment, the central burial depth range and the explosive hole spacing range obtained from the test will be applied to open-air blasting projects. When burying explosives, the direction in which flying rocks may be generated needs to be considered, and effective protective measures such as protective racks and protective nets need to be set. For example, when open-air blasting is carried out in areas close to roads, residential areas, etc., the height and strength of the protective racks must be sufficient to block the possible flying rock fragments, and the mesh size of the protective net must be appropriate to block the flying rocks and facilitate observation of the blasting situation.

[0103] After the blasting is completed, the blasting effect should be evaluated. The evaluation content includes the degree of rock fragmentation, the distribution of fragmentation size, whether the expected throwing distance is achieved, etc. Through the evaluation of the blasting effect, problems in the blasting design and parameter selection can be found, such as whether the center burial depth of the explosive is appropriate, whether the hole spacing needs to be adjusted, etc. If it is found that the rock is not broken enough or there are too many large rocks, you can consider appropriately reducing the center burial depth of the explosive or reducing the hole spacing in the next blasting; if safety problems such as flying rocks occur, it may be necessary to increase the center burial depth of the explosive or adjust the detonation sequence, etc. Feedback the evaluation results to the next blasting design, and continuously optimize the blasting parameters and design plans.

[0104] Step S6, evaluating the effect of the first test based on the first data, and evaluating the effect of the second test based on the second data.

[0105] The step of evaluating the effect of the first test according to the first data and evaluating the effect of the second test according to the second data specifically includes the following sub-steps: Step S601: receiving a first test three-dimensional model generated by the drone according to the first data and a second test three-dimensional model generated according to the second data.

[0106] In this embodiment, according to the single-hole variable-depth blasting funnel test, the processor of the drone constructs a first test three-dimensional model through the first data obtained by scanning. Furthermore, the drone scans the blasting funnel in sequence through the three-dimensional laser scanner carried on the fuselage, and the drone processor constructs a three-dimensional model based on the obtained data, and transmits the three-dimensional model to the remote terminal until the scanning is completed. The processor gradually updates the three-dimensional model and transmits the real-time updated data to the remote terminal. Finally, the remote terminal generates the first test three-dimensional model.

[0107] Based on the variable hole spacing and same-section blasting funnel test, the basic steps for constructing the second test three-dimensional model are similar to those for the first test, which will not be repeated here. The difference is that the second data includes more data such as blasting groove / spine width compared to the first data. The drone obtains the data of all blasting funnels at one time and constructs the second test three-dimensional model.

[0108] The blasting funnel is highly intelligent by using three-dimensional laser scanning. Without human intervention, it can automatically emit laser and measure the three-dimensional coordinate information of the surface points of the target object with one-click operation. At the same time, the collected data can be used to directly establish an accurate three-dimensional model, further realizing the high degree of automation of data collection and visual modeling.

[0109] Step S602: evaluating the effect of the first test according to the first test three-dimensional model, and evaluating the effect of the second test according to the second test three-dimensional model.

[0110] Based on the first test 3D model generated by the remote terminal, the user can intuitively evaluate the effect of the single-hole variable hole depth blasting funnel test according to the characteristics of the blasting funnel. Similarly, based on the second test 3D model generated by the remote terminal, the user can also intuitively evaluate the effect of the variable hole distance and same section blasting funnel test according to the characteristics of the blasting funnel.

[0111] During the test, it is inevitable that large errors will occur due to uncontrollable factors. According to the characteristics of the blasting funnel in the three-dimensional model, the user can intuitively confirm the error and can eliminate or reduce the error by modifying the blasting funnel data, thereby improving the accuracy of the test results, avoiding repeated tests, improving the efficiency of open-pit blasting projects, and saving test costs.

[0112] Finally, after obtaining the unit of the center depth of explosives and the range of hole spacing under the test conditions, according to the similarity criterion and the square root similarity of the columnar charge blasting funnel, the formula Calculate the optimal resistance line range in the actual production process.

[0113] In the formula, is the charge density of the cylindrical package under test conditions, in kg / m. The actual production density of the cylindrical package line, kg / m, and They are the minimum resistance lines under test conditions and actual production conditions respectively, in m.

[0114] For the calculation of the hole spacing range in the actual production process, it is necessary to select the appropriate similarity ratio based on the similarity theorem, the test conditions and the actual production blasting parameters, and the blasting funnel test results and the actual situation on site to determine the hole spacing in the actual blasting project.

[0115] like Figure 2 As shown, on the other hand, the present invention also provides a system for designing open-air blasting parameters based on a blasting funnel test, comprising: a processor, an input device, an output device and a memory, wherein the processor, the input device, the output device and the memory are interconnected, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the computer program includes program instructions, and the processor is configured to call the program instructions to execute relevant steps of a relevant embodiment of a method for designing open-air blasting parameters based on a blasting funnel test of the present invention.

[0116] The present invention provides a system for designing open-pit blasting parameters based on blasting funnel test, wherein each functional component can be integrated into one processing component, or each component can exist physically separately, or two or more components can be integrated into one component. The above-mentioned integrated components can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functions, further improving the overall applicability and practical application capability of the present invention.

[0117] In general, the present invention utilizes a three-dimensional laser scanner carried by an unmanned aerial vehicle to integrate three-dimensional laser scanning technology and three-dimensional numerical simulation technology, taking into account the asymmetry of the real blasting funnel and the non-uniformity of the rock mass in actual engineering, and can comprehensively and accurately describe the geometric and physical information of the blasting funnel pit, without affecting the blasting production, saving test costs, and making the explosive parameter design method more scientific, reasonable and efficient.

[0118] In addition, the present invention realizes automated measurement of data that originally needed to be measured manually, such as the blasting funnel radius, depth, volume, groove / spine width between adjacent blasting funnels, and can obtain the best resistance line, better resistance line range, best hole spacing, and better hole spacing range in a series of blasting funnel tests through terminal self-processing based on the obtained data.

[0119] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for designing open-pit blasting parameters based on blasting funnel test, characterized in that: The method comprises: Based on the first experiment, receiving first data obtained from the drone through three-dimensional laser scanning; constructing a relationship fitting model according to the first data; Obtaining the central burial depth range and the optimal central burial depth of the explosive through the relationship fitting model; Based on the second test of the optimal center burial depth, receiving second data obtained by the UAV through three-dimensional laser scanning, and obtaining the hole spacing range of the explosive according to the second data; According to the central burial depth range of the explosive and the hole spacing range of the explosive, the blasting parameter design of the open-pit production blasting operation is guided.

2. According to claim 1, a method for designing open-pit blasting parameters based on blasting funnel test is characterized in that: The step of constructing a relationship fitting model according to the first data includes: The first data includes blasting funnel radius, blasting funnel depth and blasting funnel volume; Receive the explosive charge quantity, explosive line charge density and explosive center burial depth input by the user; The critical center burial depth is obtained by using a regression analysis method for the center burial depth of the explosive and the blasting funnel volume, and the unit explosive blasting funnel volume is calculated according to the explosive charge and the blasting funnel volume; Obtaining the explosive center burial depth ratio according to the critical center burial depth and the explosive center burial depth; The relationship fitting models between the explosive center burial depth ratio and the unit explosive blasting funnel volume, the blasting funnel radius and the blasting funnel depth are respectively constructed.

3. The method for designing open-pit blasting parameters based on blasting funnel test according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The method of obtaining the critical center burial depth by using a regression analysis method for the center burial depth of the explosive and the volume of the blasting funnel includes: Constructing a regression model according to the buried depth of the explosive center and the volume of the blasting funnel; The regression model is used to solve the center burial depth of the explosive corresponding to when the blasting funnel volume is zero, and the critical center burial depth is obtained.

4. The method for designing open-pit blasting parameters based on blasting funnel test according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The relationship fitting models of the explosive center burial depth ratio, the unit explosive blasting funnel volume, the blasting funnel radius and the blasting funnel depth respectively satisfy the following formulas: in, is the volume of the unit explosive blasting funnel, is the volume of the blasting funnel, is the charge value, is the depth ratio of the explosive center, , , , , and are the correlation fitting coefficients, is the blasting funnel radius value, is the blasting funnel depth value.

5. The method for designing open-pit blasting parameters based on blasting funnel test according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The method of obtaining the central burial depth range and the optimal central burial depth of the explosive by using the relationship fitting model comprises: By means of the relationship fitting model, the maximum explosive center burial depth ratio corresponding to the maximum unit blasting funnel volume, the maximum blasting funnel radius and the maximum blasting funnel depth is obtained; Calculating the elastic deformation coefficient using the critical center burial depth and the explosive charge density; Obtaining a center burial depth range of the explosive according to the maximum explosive center burial depth ratio, the elastic deformation coefficient and the explosive line charge density; The optimal center burial depth of the explosive is obtained through the optimal explosive center burial depth ratio corresponding to the maximum unit blasting funnel volume, the elastic deformation coefficient and the explosive line charging density.

6. The method for designing open-pit blasting parameters based on blasting funnel test according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The step of obtaining the center burial depth range of the explosive according to the maximum explosive center burial depth ratio, the elastic deformation coefficient and the explosive line charge density comprises: Calculate the maximum explosive center burial depth corresponding to the maximum unit blasting funnel volume, the maximum blasting funnel radius and the maximum blasting funnel depth respectively according to the maximum explosive center burial depth ratio, the elastic deformation coefficient and the explosive line charge density; The maximum value and the minimum value of the central burial depth of the maximum explosive are found, and the maximum value and the minimum value are used as the central burial depth range of the explosive.

7. The method for designing open-pit blasting parameters based on blasting funnel test according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The optimal center burial depth satisfies the following formula: in, is the critical depth of the columnar charge, in units of , is the elastic deformation coefficient, in units of , is the charge density of the cylindrical package line, in units of , is the optimal center burial depth of columnar explosives, in units of , It is the optimal center burial depth ratio of explosives.

8. The method for designing open-pit blasting parameters based on blasting funnel test according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method for designing open-pit blasting parameters based on blasting funnel test also includes: The effect of the first experiment is evaluated based on the first data, and the effect of the second experiment is evaluated based on the second data.

9. The method for designing open-pit blasting parameters based on blasting funnel test according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The evaluating the effect of the first test according to the first data, and the evaluating the effect of the second test according to the second data, include: receiving a first test three-dimensional model generated by the drone according to the first data and a second test three-dimensional model generated according to the second data; The effect of the first test is evaluated based on the first test three-dimensional model, and the effect of the second test is evaluated based on the second test three-dimensional model.

10. A system for designing open-pit blasting parameters based on blasting funnel test, characterized in that: include: A processor, an input device, an output device and a memory, wherein the processor, the input device, the output device and the memory are interconnected, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, the computer program includes program instructions, and the processor is configured to call the program instructions to execute a method for designing open-pit blasting parameters based on a blasting funnel test as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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