Hydropower station non-pressure water diversion line evaluation and determination method

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydropower station non-pressure water diversion line evaluation determination method. The method comprises the following steps: determining a starting point position, a final point position and an elevation of a water diversion line; primarily selecting p non-pressure water diversion line schemes; collecting data of an open channel evaluation index set U1 and a tunnel evaluation index set U2 of each non-pressure water diversion line scheme; determining an open channel evaluation weight a and a tunnel evaluation weight b according to the two types of data; collecting the weight wj of each evaluation index in the open channel evaluation index set U1 by adopting an expert scoring method; index data yij of p calculation objects in the open channel evaluation index set are collected, and a decision matrix X is calculated after range normal method processing; calculating the closeness degree Mi of each evaluation object and the optimal scheme; s4 to S7 are carried out on the index set U2, and the closeness degree of the ith evaluation object and the optimal scheme is recorded as Ni; and determining a line scheme. The method solves the problems that accurate quantification cannot be achieved and the reliability is low in existing hydropower station non-pressure water diversion line evaluation determination.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and relates to a method for evaluating and determining a non-pressure water diversion line of a hydropower station. Background Art

[0002] The diversion hydropower station can achieve a larger head and correspondingly larger power generation capacity with a smaller diversion channel, and has the advantages of less reservoir flooding loss and less engineering work. The diversion line often accounts for a large proportion of the investment in the entire hydropower station project, and has an important impact on the layout of buildings such as the hydropower station plant and the power generation efficiency. However, the topographic and geological conditions along the line are greatly affected, and often fail to meet the ideal line layout requirements. The conditions that affect the non-pressure diversion line of the hydropower station are complex and comprehensive.

[0003] In view of the numerous influencing factors and complex constraints of the construction of non-pressure water diversion lines in hydropower stations, there is a lack of quantitative evaluation and demonstration in its demonstration and selection. The existing evaluation and determination method of non-pressure water diversion lines in hydropower stations is based on the rough principles in the existing specifications combined with the experience of designers to evaluate and determine. At present, there is no accurate, quantitative, scientific and applicable evaluation method, which results in large differences in judgments by different designers and low reliability of the determined lines. Therefore, the present invention proposes a method for evaluating and determining non-pressure water diversion lines in hydropower stations. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating and determining a non-pressure water diversion line of a hydropower station, which solves the problem of inaccurate quantification and low reliability in the evaluation and determination of the non-pressure water diversion line of the existing hydropower station.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a method for evaluating and determining a non-pressure water diversion line of a hydropower station, comprising the following steps: S1: Determine the starting point, end point and elevation of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station; S2: Preliminary selection of p non-pressure water diversion line schemes, p ≥ 3; S3: Collect data of open channel evaluation index set U1 and tunnel evaluation index set U2 of each non-pressure water diversion line scheme; S4. Determine the open channel evaluation weight a and the tunnel evaluation weight b based on the two types of data in S3; S5, using expert scoring method to collect the weights wj of each evaluation index in the open channel evaluation index set U1; S6. Collect the index data yij of p calculation objects in the open channel evaluation index set to obtain the original matrix Y. After the original matrix Y is processed by the range normal method, the weight wj is multiplied by the matrix processed by the range normal method to obtain the decision matrix X. S7, calculating the degree of proximity Mi between each evaluation object and the optimal solution; S8. For the indicator set U2, perform the operations from S4 to S7 to obtain the degree of closeness between the i-th evaluation object and the optimal solution, recorded as Ni; S9: Determine the route plan.

[0006] The present invention is also characterized in that: The parameters in the open channel evaluation index set U1 are as follows: Total length of open channel u 11 , is the sum of the lengths of the open channel axes of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in km, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Fill channel length u 12 , is the sum of the fill lengths in the open channel axis of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in km, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Fill height value u 13 , is the sum of the maximum fill heights of each section of the open channel axis of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in meters, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Total plane angle u 14 , is the sum of the plane rotation angles of the axis of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, including open channels and tunnels, the unit is "°", is a negative low-optimality index, is a negative low-optimality index; Open channel average gradient u 15 , is the average value of the gradient of each section of the open channel of the hydropower station weighted by the length of the axis of each section of the open channel, which is a medium-excellent index, and the middle value is 1 / 2000. When it is higher than the middle value, it is a low-excellent index, and when it is lower than the middle value, it is a high-excellent index; Total flow along the channel u 16 , is the sum of the multi-year average runoff of all channels crossed by the hydropower station for each section of the open channel of the non-pressure water diversion line, in m 3 / s, which is a negative low-quality indicator; Permanent slope height u 17 , is the maximum sum of the permanent slopes on both sides of the open channel of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in meters. Permanent slopes with a height of less than 30 meters are not included. It is a negative low-quality indicator; Average value of open channel permeability coefficient u 18 It is the permeability coefficient weighted by the axial length of each section of the open channel at the foundation surface of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station. The unit is cm / d, which is a negative low-quality indicator.

[0007] The data of the tunnel evaluation index set U2 in S3 is: Tunnel evaluation index set U2 = {Total length of tunnel u 21 , total difference of water surface line u 22 , the number of tunnels u 23 , the angle between the tunnel axis and the surrounding rock direction u 24 , average tunnel slope u 25 , surrounding rock type u26 ; Total vertical angle u 27 , tunnel depth u 28}.

[0008] The parameters in the tunnel evaluation index set U2 are as follows: Total length of tunnel u 21 , is the sum of the axial lengths of the tunnels of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in km, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Total difference of water surface line u 22 , is the sum of the normal water depth calculated depth difference at the junction of the hydropower station's non-pressure diversion line tunnel and the open channel, in meters, and is a negative low-optimality indicator. The calculation formula of H is: , where h qi 、h si is the normal water depth of the open channel and tunnel at the i-th junction; Number of tunnels u 23 , is the total number of tunnels for the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in units of “pieces”, and is a negative low-quality indicator; The angle between the tunnel axis and the surrounding rock direction u 24 , is the average value θ of the angle between the plane axis direction and the surrounding rock structure surface direction of each section of the tunnel of the hydropower station's non-pressure diversion line, weighted by the tunnel axis length, in "°", which is a positive high-quality indicator. The calculation formula is: , i1. i2 is the plane axis direction and surrounding rock structure surface direction of the i-th tunnel section, Li is the length of the i-th tunnel section; Average slope of tunnel u 25 , is the average value of the gradient of each section of the tunnel of the hydropower station weighted by the length of the axis of each section of the tunnel, which is a medium-excellent index, and the middle value is 1 / 2000. When it is higher than the middle value, it is a low-excellent index, and when it is lower than the middle value, it is a high-excellent index; Surrounding rock type 26 ; It is the average value of the surrounding rock types of each section of the tunnel of the hydropower station weighted by the length of the axis of each section of the tunnel, recorded as Arabic numerals, which is a low-quality index; Total vertical angle u 27 , is the sum of the vertical angle changes of the axis of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, including all open channels and tunnels, in "°", which is a negative low-quality indicator; Tunnel depth u 28 , which is the sum of the maximum buried depths of each section of the tunnel in the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in meters, and is a negative low-quality indicator.

[0009] The specific content of S4 is: collect the index data y corresponding to p non-pressure water diversion line schemes according to the index requirements of index set U1 ij , determine the evaluation weight a of the open channel and the evaluation weight b of the tunnel, where a and b are the ratios of the sum of the lengths of the open channels or tunnels of each scheme to be evaluated to the total length of the line.

[0010] The specific content of S5 is: the scoring experts must be senior engineers or above with the professional title of water conservancy project or water conservation project design, and the number of initial evaluations must meet the following requirements: no less than 3 for small projects, no less than 5 for medium-sized projects, and no less than 7 for large projects. The number of experts in the construction area must be no less than 30%, and the weight of each indicator must be w j The average value of the experts' scores satisfies:

[0011] When the weights of all indicators in the indicator set U1 satisfy 0.05≤w j ≤0.20, then the weight vector is determined to be w j ; a. When there are 0 or 1 indicators with weight values ​​in w j <0.05 or w j >0.20, when w j When <0.05, take w j =0.05; when w j >0.20, take w j =0.20; b. When there is more than one indicator with a weight less than 0.05 or greater than 0.20, add one more expert to re-determine until the above situation is met and the weight vector w is determined j .

[0012] The specific contents of S6 are: Collect the index data y of p calculation objects in the open channel evaluation index set U1 ij Get the original matrix Y, and process the original matrix Y according to the following formula using the range normalization method to convert the weight vector w j Multiply it with the matrix processed by the range normalization method to obtain the decision matrix X, and determine the positive ideal vector and the negative ideal vector according to the decision matrix X; where i is the initial proposed line plan to be evaluated, i=1,2,…,p; When the jth index is a high-quality index, that is, the index value y ij When the bigger the better, the transformation formula is:

[0013] Where i=(1,2,…,p), j=(1,2,…,8), when the jth index is a low-quality index, that is, the smaller the index value yij, the better, the transformation formula is:

[0014] Through two transformation formulas, the indicator data matrix Y is converted into the decision matrix X, X = (x ij )p×8; And x ij ∈[0,1], i=1,2,…,s, j=1,2,…,8.

[0015] The specific contents of S7 are: The positive ideal vector and negative ideal vector of the decision matrix X are respectively:

[0016]

[0017] Among them, X max1 represents the optimal value of the first indicator of each line plan to be evaluated, X min1 It indicates the worst value of the first indicator of each line scheme to be evaluated, and so on until the eighth indicator; The Euclidean distance D between the jth index of the i-th evaluation object and the positive ideal vector and the negative ideal vector i + , D i - They are:

[0018]

[0019] In the formula, X ij It represents the index value after being processed by the extreme normal method. i Representative evaluation plan, j represents the evaluation index; No. i The degree of closeness between the evaluation object and the optimal solution M i for: .

[0020] The specific contents of S9 are: Will =a×M i +b×N i ,Will Arrange them in order from largest to smallest, and the determined route plan is the one that comes first.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: when evaluating and determining whether a hydropower station is a non-pressure water diversion line, the present invention divides the constraints of the construction of a non-pressure water diversion line for a local hydropower station into indicator sets U1 and U2, specifies the pros and cons of each evaluation indicator and quantifies it, obtains and determines the quantitative results of the evaluation of the non-pressure water diversion line for the hydropower station. This method improves the scientificity and accuracy of the decision-making of the non-pressure water diversion line scheme for the hydropower station, and has good applicability for non-pressure water diversion hydropower stations. It solves the shortcomings of the existing hydropower station in the process of determining the non-pressure water diversion line, that is, the indicators are not easy to quantify and the accuracy is not high, and reduces the adverse effects of human subjective decision-making errors. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation modes.

[0023] The method for evaluating and determining the non-pressure water diversion line of a hydropower station includes the following steps: S1: Determine the starting point, end point and elevation of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station; S2: Preliminary selection of p non-pressure water diversion line schemes, p ≥ 3; S3: Collect data of open channel evaluation index set U1 and tunnel evaluation index set U2 of each non-pressure water diversion line scheme; Among them, the open channel evaluation index set U1={total length of the open channel u 11 , fill channel length u 12 , fill height value u 13 , total plane rotation angle u 14 , open channel average gradient u 15 , total flow along the channel u 16 , permanent slope height u 17 , the average permeability coefficient of the open channel is u 18}.

[0024] The parameters in the open channel evaluation index set U1 are as follows: Total length of open channel u 11 , is the sum of the lengths of the open channel axes of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in km, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Fill channel length u 12 , is the sum of the fill lengths in the open channel axis of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in km, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Fill height value u 13 , is the sum of the maximum fill heights of each section of the open channel axis of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in meters, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Total plane angle u 14 , is the sum of the plane rotation angles of the axis of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, including open channels and tunnels, the unit is "°", is a negative low-optimality index, is a negative low-optimality index; Open channel average gradient u 15 , is the average value of the gradient of each section of the open channel of the hydropower station weighted by the length of the axis of each section of the open channel, which is a medium-excellent index, and the middle value is 1 / 2000. When it is higher than the middle value, it is a low-excellent index, and when it is lower than the middle value, it is a high-excellent index; Total flow along the channel u 16 , is the sum of the multi-year average runoff of all channels crossed by the hydropower station for each section of the open channel of the non-pressure water diversion line, in m 3 / s, which is a negative low-quality indicator; Permanent slope height u 17 , is the maximum sum of the permanent slopes on both sides of the open channel of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in meters. Permanent slopes with a height of less than 30 meters are not included. It is a negative low-quality indicator; Average value of open channel permeability coefficient u 18 It is the permeability coefficient weighted by the axial length of each section of the open channel at the foundation surface of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station. The unit is cm / d, which is a negative low-quality indicator.

[0025] Tunnel evaluation index set U2 = {total length of tunnel u 21 , total difference of water surface line u 22 , the number of tunnels u 23 , the angle between the tunnel axis and the surrounding rock direction u 24 , average tunnel slope u 25 , surrounding rock type u 26 ; Total vertical angle u 27 , tunnel depth u 28}.

[0026] The parameters in the tunnel evaluation index set U2 are as follows: Total length of tunnel u 21 , is the sum of the axial lengths of the tunnels of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in km, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Total difference of water surface line u 22 , is the sum of the normal water depth calculated depth difference at the junction of the hydropower station's non-pressure diversion line tunnel and the open channel, in meters, and is a negative low-optimality indicator. The calculation formula of H is: , where h qi 、h si is the normal water depth of the open channel and tunnel at the i-th junction; Number of tunnels u 23 , is the total number of tunnels for the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in units of “pieces”, and is a negative low-quality indicator; The angle between the tunnel axis and the surrounding rock direction u 24, is the average value θ of the angle between the plane axis direction and the surrounding rock structure surface direction of each section of the tunnel of the hydropower station's non-pressure diversion line, weighted by the tunnel axis length, in "°", which is a positive high-quality indicator. The calculation formula is: , i1. i2 is the plane axis direction and surrounding rock structure surface direction of the i-th tunnel section, Li is the length of the i-th tunnel section; Average slope of tunnel u 25 , is the average value of the gradient of each section of the tunnel of the hydropower station weighted by the length of the axis of each section of the tunnel, which is a medium-excellent index, and the middle value is 1 / 2000. When it is higher than the middle value, it is a low-excellent index, and when it is lower than the middle value, it is a high-excellent index; Surrounding rock type 26 ; It is the average value of the surrounding rock types of each section of the tunnel of the hydropower station weighted by the length of the axis of each section of the tunnel, recorded as Arabic numerals, which is a low-quality index; Total vertical angle u 27 , is the sum of the vertical angle changes of the axis of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, including all open channels and tunnels, in "°", which is a negative low-quality indicator; Tunnel depth u 28 , which is the sum of the maximum buried depths of each section of the tunnel in the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in meters, and is a negative low-quality indicator.

[0027] S4. Determine the open channel evaluation weight a and the tunnel evaluation weight b based on the two types of data in S3; specifically, collect the index data yij corresponding to p non-pressure water diversion line schemes according to the index requirements of the index set U1, and determine the evaluation weight a of the open channel and the evaluation weight b of the tunnel, where a and b are the ratios of the sum of the lengths of the open channels or tunnels of each scheme to be evaluated to the total length of the line.

[0028] S5. Use the expert scoring method to collect the weight wj of each evaluation index in the open channel evaluation index set U1; the specific content is: the scoring experts are senior engineers or above with the professional title of water conservancy project or water conservation project design, and the number of initial evaluations meets the following requirements: no less than 3 for small projects, no less than 5 for medium-sized projects, and no less than 7 for large projects. The number of experts in the construction area is no less than 30%, and the weight wj of each index is j The average value of the experts' scores satisfies:

[0029] When the weights of all indicators in the indicator set U1 satisfy 0.05≤w j ≤0.20, then the weight vector is determined to be w j ; a. When there are 0 or 1 indicators with weight values ​​in w j <0.05 or wj >0.20, when w j When <0.05, take w j =0.05; when w j >0.20, take w j =0.20; b. When there is more than one indicator with a weight less than 0.05 or greater than 0.20, add one more expert to re-determine until the above situation is met and the weight vector w is determined j .

[0030] S6. Collect the index data yij of p calculation objects in the open channel evaluation index set to obtain the original matrix Y. After the original matrix Y is processed by the range normal method, the weight wj is multiplied by the matrix processed by the range normal method to obtain the decision matrix X. The specific content is: Collect the index data y of p calculation objects in the open channel evaluation index set U1 ij Get the original matrix Y, and process the original matrix Y according to the following formula using the range normalization method to convert the weight vector w j Multiply it with the matrix processed by the range normalization method to obtain the decision matrix X, and determine the positive ideal vector and the negative ideal vector according to the decision matrix X; where i is the initial proposed line plan to be evaluated, i=1,2,…,p; When the jth index is a high-quality index, that is, the index value y ij When the bigger the better, the transformation formula is:

[0031] Where i=(1,2,…,p), j=(1,2,…,8), when the jth index is a low-quality index, that is, the smaller the index value yij, the better, the transformation formula is:

[0032] Through two transformation formulas, the indicator data matrix Y is converted into the decision matrix X, X = (x ij )p×8; And x ij ∈[0,1], i=1,2,…,s, j=1,2,…,8.

[0033] S7, calculate the degree of proximity Mi between each evaluation object and the optimal solution; the specific content is: The positive ideal vector and negative ideal vector of the decision matrix X are respectively:

[0034]

[0035] Among them, X max1represents the optimal value of the first indicator of each line plan to be evaluated, X min1 It indicates the worst value of the first indicator of each line scheme to be evaluated, and so on until the eighth indicator; The Euclidean distance D between the jth index of the i-th evaluation object and the positive ideal vector and the negative ideal vector i + , D i - They are:

[0036]

[0037] In the formula, X ij It represents the index value after being processed by the extreme normal method. i Representative evaluation plan, j represents the evaluation index; No. i The degree of closeness between the evaluation object and the optimal solution M i for: .

[0038] S8. For the indicator set U2, perform the operations from S4 to S7 to obtain the degree of closeness between the i-th evaluation object and the optimal solution, recorded as Ni; S9: Determine the route plan, the specific contents are as follows: Will =a×Mi+b×Ni, Arrange them in order from largest to smallest, and the determined route plan is the one that comes first.

[0039] Example 1 This embodiment proposes a method for evaluating and determining a non-pressure water diversion line of a hydropower station, comprising the following steps: S1: Determine the starting point, end point and elevation of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station; S2: Preliminary selection of p non-pressure water diversion line schemes, p ≥ 3; S3: Collect data of open channel evaluation index set U1 and tunnel evaluation index set U2 of each non-pressure water diversion line scheme; S4. Determine the open channel evaluation weight a and the tunnel evaluation weight b based on the two types of data in S3; S5. Use the expert scoring method to collect the weights w of each evaluation index in the open channel evaluation index set U1 j ; S6. Collect the index data y of p calculation objects in the open channel evaluation index set ij Get the original matrix Y, and after processing the original matrix Y by the range normal method, change the weight w jMultiply it with the matrix processed by the range normalization method to obtain the decision matrix X; S7. Calculate the degree of proximity M between each evaluation object and the optimal solution i ; S8. For the indicator set U2, perform the operations from S4 to S7 to obtain the degree of closeness between the i-th evaluation object and the optimal solution, which is recorded as N i ; S9: Determine the route plan.

[0040] Example 2 This embodiment proposes a method for evaluating and determining a non-pressure water diversion line of a hydropower station, comprising the following steps: S1: Determine the starting point, end point and elevation of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station; S2: Preliminary selection of p non-pressure water diversion line schemes, p ≥ 3; S3: Collect data of open channel evaluation index set U1 and tunnel evaluation index set U2 of each non-pressure water diversion line scheme; Among them, the open channel evaluation index set U1={total length of the open channel u 11 , fill channel length u 12 , fill height value u 13 , total plane rotation angle u 14 , open channel average gradient u 15 , total flow along the channel u 16 , permanent slope height u 17 , the average permeability coefficient of the open channel is u 18}.

[0041] The parameters in the open channel evaluation index set U1 are as follows: Total length of open channel u 11 , is the sum of the lengths of the open channel axes of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in km, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Fill channel length u 12 , is the sum of the fill lengths in the open channel axis of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in km, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Fill height value u 13 , is the sum of the maximum fill heights of each section of the open channel axis of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in meters, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Total plane angle u 14 , is the sum of the plane rotation angles of the axis of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, including open channels and tunnels, the unit is "°", is a negative low-optimality index, is a negative low-optimality index; Open channel average gradient u 15, is the average value of the gradient of each section of the open channel of the hydropower station weighted by the length of the axis of each section of the open channel, which is a medium-excellent index, and the middle value is 1 / 2000. When it is higher than the middle value, it is a low-excellent index, and when it is lower than the middle value, it is a high-excellent index; Total flow along the channel u 16 , is the sum of the multi-year average runoff of all channels crossed by the hydropower station for each section of the open channel of the non-pressure water diversion line, in m 3 / s, which is a negative low-quality indicator; Permanent slope height u 17 , is the maximum sum of the permanent slopes on both sides of the open channel of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in meters. Permanent slopes with a height of less than 30 meters are not included. It is a negative low-quality indicator; The average value of open channel permeability coefficient u 18 It is the permeability coefficient weighted by the axial length of each section of the open channel at the foundation surface of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station. The unit is cm / d, which is a negative low-quality indicator.

[0042] Tunnel evaluation index set U2 = {total length of tunnel u 21 , total difference of water surface line u 22 , the number of tunnels u 23 , the angle between the tunnel axis and the surrounding rock direction u 24 , average tunnel slope u 25 , surrounding rock type u 26 ; Total vertical angle u 27 , tunnel depth u 28}.

[0043] The parameters in the tunnel evaluation index set U2 are as follows: Total length of tunnel u 21 , is the sum of the axial lengths of the tunnels of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in km, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Total difference of water surface line u 22 , is the sum of the normal water depth calculated depth difference at the junction of the hydropower station's non-pressure diversion line tunnel and the open channel, in meters, and is a negative low-optimality indicator. The calculation formula of H is: , where h qi 、h si is the normal water depth of the open channel and tunnel at the i-th junction; Number of tunnels u 23 , is the total number of tunnels for the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in units of “pieces”, and is a negative low-quality indicator; The angle between the tunnel axis and the surrounding rock direction u 24 , is the average value θ of the angle between the plane axis direction and the surrounding rock structure surface direction of each section of the tunnel of the hydropower station's non-pressure diversion line, weighted by the tunnel axis length, in "°", which is a positive high-quality indicator. The calculation formula is: , i1. i2 is the plane axis direction and surrounding rock structure surface direction of the i-th tunnel section, Li is the length of the i-th tunnel section; Average slope of tunnel u 25 , is the average value of the gradient of each section of the tunnel of the hydropower station weighted by the length of the axis of each section of the tunnel, which is a medium-excellent index, and the middle value is 1 / 2000. When it is higher than the middle value, it is a low-excellent index, and when it is lower than the middle value, it is a high-excellent index; Surrounding rock type 26 ; It is the average value of the surrounding rock types of each section of the tunnel of the hydropower station weighted by the length of the axis of each section of the tunnel, recorded as Arabic numerals, which is a low-quality index; Total vertical angle u 27 , is the sum of the vertical angle changes of the axis of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, including all open channels and tunnels, in "°", which is a negative low-quality indicator; Tunnel depth u 28 , which is the sum of the maximum buried depths of each section of the tunnel in the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in meters, and is a negative low-quality indicator.

[0044] S4. Determine the open channel evaluation weight a and the tunnel evaluation weight b based on the two types of data in S3; S5. Use the expert scoring method to collect the weights w of each evaluation index in the open channel evaluation index set U1 j ; S6. Collect the index data y of p calculation objects in the open channel evaluation index set ij Get the original matrix Y, and after processing the original matrix Y by the range normal method, change the weight w j Multiply it with the matrix processed by the range normalization method to obtain the decision matrix X; S7. Calculate the degree of proximity M between each evaluation object and the optimal solution i ; S8. For the indicator set U2, perform the operations from S4 to S7 to obtain the degree of closeness between the i-th evaluation object and the optimal solution, which is recorded as N i ; S9: Determine the route plan.

[0045] Example 3 This embodiment proposes a method for evaluating and determining a non-pressure water diversion line of a hydropower station, comprising the following steps: S1: Determine the starting point, end point and elevation of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station; S2: Preliminary selection of p non-pressure water diversion line schemes, p ≥ 3; S3: Collect data of open channel evaluation index set U1 and tunnel evaluation index set U2 of each non-pressure water diversion line scheme; Among them, the open channel evaluation index set U1={total length of the open channel u 11 , fill channel length u 12 , fill height value u 13 , total plane rotation angle u 14 , open channel average gradient u 15 , total flow along the channel u 16 , permanent slope height u 17 , the average permeability coefficient of the open channel is u 18}.

[0046] The parameters in the open channel evaluation index set U1 are as follows: Total length of open channel u 11 , is the sum of the lengths of the open channel axes of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in km, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Fill channel length u 12 , is the sum of the fill lengths in the open channel axis of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in km, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Fill height value u 13 , is the sum of the maximum fill heights of each section of the open channel axis of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in meters, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Total plane angle u 14 , is the sum of the plane rotation angles of the axis of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, including open channels and tunnels, the unit is "°", is a negative low-optimality index, is a negative low-optimality index; Open channel average gradient u 15 , is the average value of the gradient of each section of the open channel of the hydropower station weighted by the length of the axis of each section of the open channel, which is a medium-excellent index, and the middle value is 1 / 2000. When it is higher than the middle value, it is a low-excellent index, and when it is lower than the middle value, it is a high-excellent index; Total flow along the channel u 16 , is the sum of the multi-year average runoff of all channels crossed by the hydropower station for each section of the open channel of the non-pressure water diversion line, in m 3 / s, which is a negative low-quality indicator; Permanent slope height u 17 , is the maximum sum of the permanent slopes on both sides of the open channel of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in meters. Permanent slopes with a height of less than 30 meters are not included. It is a negative low-quality indicator; Average value of open channel permeability coefficient u 18 It is the permeability coefficient weighted by the axial length of each section of the open channel at the foundation surface of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station. The unit is cm / d, which is a negative low-quality indicator.

[0047] Tunnel evaluation index set U2 = {total length of tunnel u 21 , total difference of water surface line u 22 , the number of tunnels u 23 , the angle between the tunnel axis and the surrounding rock direction u 24 , average tunnel slope u 25 , surrounding rock type u 26 ; Total vertical angle u 27 , tunnel depth u 28}.

[0048] The parameters in the tunnel evaluation index set U2 are as follows: Total length of tunnel u 21 , is the sum of the axial lengths of the tunnels of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in km, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Total difference of water surface line u 22 , is the sum of the normal water depth calculated depth difference at the junction of the hydropower station's non-pressure diversion line tunnel and the open channel, in meters, and is a negative low-optimality indicator. The calculation formula of H is: , where h qi 、h si is the normal water depth of the open channel and tunnel at the i-th junction; Number of tunnels u 23 , is the total number of tunnels for the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in units of “pieces”, and is a negative low-quality indicator; The angle between the tunnel axis and the surrounding rock direction u 24 , is the average value θ of the angle between the plane axis direction and the surrounding rock structure surface direction of each section of the tunnel of the hydropower station's non-pressure diversion line, weighted by the tunnel axis length, in "°", which is a positive high-quality indicator. The calculation formula is: , i1. i2 is the plane axis direction and surrounding rock structure surface direction of the i-th tunnel section, Li is the length of the i-th tunnel section; Average slope of tunnel u 25 , is the average value of the gradient of each section of the tunnel of the hydropower station weighted by the length of the axis of each section of the tunnel, which is a medium-excellent index, and the middle value is 1 / 2000. When it is higher than the middle value, it is a low-excellent index, and when it is lower than the middle value, it is a high-excellent index; Surrounding rock type 26 ; It is the average value of the surrounding rock types of each section of the tunnel of the hydropower station weighted by the length of the axis of each section of the tunnel, recorded as Arabic numerals, which is a low-quality index; Total vertical angle u 27 , is the sum of the vertical angle changes of the axis of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, including all open channels and tunnels, in "°", which is a negative low-quality indicator; Tunnel depth u 28 , which is the sum of the maximum buried depths of each section of the tunnel in the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in meters, and is a negative low-quality indicator.

[0049] S4. Determine the open channel evaluation weight a and tunnel evaluation weight b based on the two types of data in S3; the specific content is: collect the index data y corresponding to p non-pressure water diversion line plans according to the index requirements of index set U1 ij , determine the evaluation weight a of the open channel and the evaluation weight b of the tunnel, where a and b are the ratios of the sum of the lengths of the open channels or tunnels of each scheme to be evaluated to the total length of the line.

[0050] S5. Use the expert scoring method to collect the weights w of each evaluation index in the open channel evaluation index set U1 j Specific content: The scoring experts must be senior engineers or above with the professional title of water conservancy project or water conservation project design. The number of initial evaluations must meet the following requirements: no less than 3 for small projects, no less than 5 for medium-sized projects, and no less than 7 for large projects. The number of experts in the construction area must be no less than 30%. The weight of each indicator is w j The average value of the experts' scores satisfies:

[0051] When the weights of all indicators in the indicator set U1 satisfy 0.05≤w j ≤0.20, then the weight vector is determined to be w j ; a. When there are 0 or 1 indicators with weight values ​​in w j <0.05 or w j > 0.20, when wj < 0.05, take wj = 0.05; when wj > 0.20, take wj = 0.20; b. When there is more than one indicator with a weight less than 0.05 or greater than 0.20, add 1 expert to re-determine until the above situation is met and the weight vector w is determined j .

[0052] S6. Collect the index data y of p calculation objects in the open channel evaluation index set ij Get the original matrix Y, and after processing the original matrix Y by the range normal method, change the weight w j Multiply it with the matrix processed by the range normalization method to obtain the decision matrix X; S7. Calculate the degree of proximity M between each evaluation object and the optimal solution i ; S8. For the indicator set U2, perform the operations from S4 to S7 to obtain the degree of closeness between the i-th evaluation object and the optimal solution, which is recorded as N i ; S9: Determine the route plan.

[0053] Example 4 This embodiment proposes a method for evaluating and determining a non-pressure water diversion line of a hydropower station, comprising the following steps: S1: Determine the starting point, end point and elevation of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station; S2: Preliminary selection of p non-pressure water diversion line schemes, p ≥ 3; S3: Collect data of open channel evaluation index set U1 and tunnel evaluation index set U2 of each non-pressure water diversion line scheme; Among them, the open channel evaluation index set U1={total length of the open channel u 11 , fill channel length u 12 , fill height value u 13 , total plane rotation angle u 14 , open channel average gradient u 15 , total flow along the channel u 16 , permanent slope height u 17 , the average permeability coefficient of the open channel is u 18}.

[0054] The parameters in the open channel evaluation index set U1 are as follows: Total length of open channel u 11 , is the sum of the lengths of the open channel axes of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in km, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Fill channel length u 12 , is the sum of the fill lengths in the open channel axis of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in km, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Fill height value u 13 , is the sum of the maximum fill heights of each section of the open channel axis of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in meters, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Total plane angle u 14 , is the sum of the plane rotation angles of the axis of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, including open channels and tunnels, the unit is "°", is a negative low-optimality index, is a negative low-optimality index; Open channel average gradient u 15 , is the average value of the gradient of each section of the open channel of the hydropower station weighted by the length of the axis of each section of the open channel, which is a medium-excellent index, and the middle value is 1 / 2000. When it is higher than the middle value, it is a low-excellent index, and when it is lower than the middle value, it is a high-excellent index; Total flow along the channel u 16 , is the sum of the multi-year average runoff of all channels crossed by the hydropower station for each section of the open channel of the non-pressure water diversion line, in m 3 / s, which is a negative low-quality indicator; Permanent slope height u 17, is the maximum sum of the permanent slopes on both sides of the open channel of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in meters. Permanent slopes with a height of less than 30 meters are not included. It is a negative low-quality indicator; Average value of open channel permeability coefficient u 18 It is the permeability coefficient weighted by the axial length of each section of the open channel at the foundation surface of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station. The unit is cm / d, which is a negative low-quality indicator.

[0055] Tunnel evaluation index set U2 = {total length of tunnel u 21 , total difference of water surface line u 22 , the number of tunnels u 23 , the angle between the tunnel axis and the surrounding rock direction u 24 , average tunnel slope u 25 , surrounding rock type u 26 ; Total vertical angle u 27 , tunnel depth u 28}.

[0056] The parameters in the tunnel evaluation index set U2 are as follows: Total length of tunnel u 21 , is the sum of the axial lengths of the tunnels of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in km, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Total difference of water surface line u 22 , is the sum of the normal water depth calculated depth difference at the junction of the hydropower station's non-pressure diversion line tunnel and the open channel, in meters, and is a negative low-optimality indicator. The calculation formula of H is: , where h qi 、h si is the normal water depth of the open channel and tunnel at the i-th junction; Number of tunnels u 23 , is the total number of tunnels for the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in units of “pieces”, and is a negative low-quality indicator; The angle between the tunnel axis and the surrounding rock direction u 24 , is the average value θ of the angle between the plane axis direction and the surrounding rock structure surface direction of each section of the tunnel of the hydropower station's non-pressure diversion line, weighted by the tunnel axis length, in "°", which is a positive high-quality indicator. The calculation formula is: , i1. i2 is the plane axis direction and surrounding rock structure surface direction of the i-th tunnel section, Li is the length of the i-th tunnel section; Average slope of tunnel u 25, is the average value of the gradient of each section of the tunnel of the hydropower station weighted by the length of the axis of each section of the tunnel, which is a medium-excellent index, and the middle value is 1 / 2000. When it is higher than the middle value, it is a low-excellent index, and when it is lower than the middle value, it is a high-excellent index; Surrounding rock type 26 ; It is the average value of the surrounding rock types of each section of the tunnel of the hydropower station weighted by the length of the axis of each section of the tunnel, recorded as Arabic numerals, which is a low-quality index; Total vertical angle u 27 , is the sum of the vertical angle changes of the axis of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, including all open channels and tunnels, in "°", which is a negative low-quality indicator; Tunnel depth u 28 , which is the sum of the maximum buried depths of each section of the tunnel in the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in meters, and is a negative low-quality indicator.

[0057] S4. Determine the open channel evaluation weight a and tunnel evaluation weight b based on the two types of data in S3; the specific content is: collect the index data y corresponding to p non-pressure water diversion line plans according to the index requirements of index set U1 ij , determine the evaluation weight a of the open channel and the evaluation weight b of the tunnel, where a and b are the ratios of the sum of the lengths of the open channels or tunnels of each scheme to be evaluated to the total length of the line.

[0058] S5. Use the expert scoring method to collect the weights w of each evaluation index in the open channel evaluation index set U1 j Specific content: The scoring experts must be senior engineers or above with the professional title of water conservancy project or water conservation project design. The number of initial evaluations must meet the following requirements: no less than 3 for small projects, no less than 5 for medium-sized projects, and no less than 7 for large projects. The number of experts in the construction area must be no less than 30%. The weight of each indicator is w j The average value of the experts' scores satisfies:

[0059] When the weights of all indicators in the indicator set U1 satisfy 0.05≤w j ≤0.20, then the weight vector is determined to be w j ; a. When there are 0 or 1 indicators with weight values ​​in w j <0.05 or w j > 0.20, when wj < 0.05, take wj = 0.05; when wj > 0.20, take wj = 0.20; b. When there is more than one indicator with a weight less than 0.05 or greater than 0.20, add 1 expert to re-determine until the above situation is met and the weight vector w is determined j .

[0060] S6. Collect the index data y of p calculation objects in the open channel evaluation index setij Get the original matrix Y, and after processing the original matrix Y by the range normal method, change the weight w j Multiply it with the matrix processed by the range normalization method to obtain the decision matrix X; the specific content is: Collect the index data y of p calculation objects in the open channel evaluation index set U1 ij Get the original matrix Y, and process the original matrix Y according to the following formula using the range normalization method to convert the weight vector w j Multiply it with the matrix processed by the range normalization method to obtain the decision matrix X, and determine the positive ideal vector and the negative ideal vector according to the decision matrix X; where i is the initial proposed line plan to be evaluated, i=1,2,…,p; When the jth index is a high-quality index, that is, the index value y ij When the bigger the better, the transformation formula is:

[0061] Where i=(1,2,…,p), j=(1,2,…,8), when the jth index is a low-quality index, that is, the smaller the index value yij, the better, the transformation formula is:

[0062] Through two transformation formulas, the indicator data matrix Y is converted into the decision matrix X, X = (x ij )p×8; And x ij ∈[0,1], i=1,2,…,s, j=1,2,…,8.

[0063] S7. Calculate the degree of proximity M between each evaluation object and the optimal solution i ; The specific contents are: The positive ideal vector and negative ideal vector of the decision matrix X are respectively:

[0064]

[0065] Among them, X max1 represents the optimal value of the first indicator of each line plan to be evaluated, X min1 It indicates the worst value of the first indicator of each line scheme to be evaluated, and so on until the eighth indicator; The Euclidean distance D between the jth index of the i-th evaluation object and the positive ideal vector and the negative ideal vector i + , D i - They are:

[0066]

[0067] In the formula, X ij It represents the index value after being processed by the extreme normal method. i Representative evaluation plan, j represents the evaluation index; No. i The degree of closeness between the evaluation object and the optimal solution M i for: .

[0068] S8. For the indicator set U2, perform the operations from S4 to S7 to obtain the degree of closeness between the i-th evaluation object and the optimal solution, which is recorded as N i ; S9: Determine the route plan.

[0069] Example 5 This embodiment proposes a method for evaluating and determining a non-pressure water diversion line of a hydropower station, comprising the following steps: S1: Determine the starting point, end point and elevation of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station; S2: Preliminary selection of p non-pressure water diversion line schemes, p ≥ 3; S3: Collect data of open channel evaluation index set U1 and tunnel evaluation index set U2 of each non-pressure water diversion line scheme; Among them, the open channel evaluation index set U1={total length of the open channel u 11 , fill channel length u 12 , fill height value u 13 , total plane rotation angle u 14 , open channel average gradient u 15 , total flow along the channel u 16 , permanent slope height u 17 , the average permeability coefficient of the open channel is u 18}.

[0070] The parameters in the open channel evaluation index set U1 are as follows: Total length of open channel u 11 , is the sum of the lengths of the open channel axes of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in km, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Fill channel length u 12 , is the sum of the fill lengths in the open channel axis of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in km, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Fill height value u 13 , is the sum of the maximum fill heights of each section of the open channel axis of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in meters, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Total plane angle u14 , is the sum of the plane rotation angles of the axis of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, including open channels and tunnels, the unit is "°", is a negative low-optimality index, is a negative low-optimality index; Open channel average gradient u 15 , is the average value of the gradient of each section of the open channel of the hydropower station weighted by the length of the axis of each section of the open channel, which is a medium-excellent index, and the middle value is 1 / 2000. When it is higher than the middle value, it is a low-excellent index, and when it is lower than the middle value, it is a high-excellent index; Total flow along the channel u 16 , is the sum of the multi-year average runoff of all channels crossed by the hydropower station for each section of the open channel of the non-pressure water diversion line, in m 3 / s, which is a negative low-quality indicator; Permanent slope height u 17 , is the maximum sum of the permanent slopes on both sides of the open channel of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in meters. Permanent slopes with a height of less than 30 meters are not included. It is a negative low-quality indicator; The average value of open channel permeability coefficient u 18 It is the permeability coefficient weighted by the axial length of each section of the open channel at the foundation surface of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station. The unit is cm / d, which is a negative low-quality indicator.

[0071] Tunnel evaluation index set U2 = {total length of tunnel u 21 , total difference of water surface line u 22 , the number of tunnels u 23 , the angle between the tunnel axis and the surrounding rock direction u 24 , average tunnel slope u 25 , surrounding rock type u 26 ; Total vertical angle u 27 , tunnel depth u 28}.

[0072] The parameters in the tunnel evaluation index set U2 are as follows: Total length of tunnel u 21 , is the sum of the axial lengths of the tunnels of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in km, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Total difference of water surface line u 22 , is the sum of the normal water depth calculated depth difference at the junction of the hydropower station's non-pressure diversion line tunnel and the open channel, in meters, and is a negative low-optimality indicator. The calculation formula of H is: , where h qi 、h si is the normal water depth of the open channel and tunnel at the i-th junction; Number of tunnels u 23 , is the total number of tunnels for the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in units of “pieces”, and is a negative low-quality indicator; The angle between the tunnel axis and the surrounding rock direction u 24 , is the average value θ of the angle between the plane axis direction and the surrounding rock structure surface direction of each section of the tunnel of the hydropower station's non-pressure diversion line, weighted by the tunnel axis length, in "°", which is a positive high-quality indicator. The calculation formula is: , i1. i2 is the plane axis direction and surrounding rock structure surface direction of the i-th tunnel section, Li is the length of the i-th tunnel section; Average slope of tunnel u 25 , is the average value of the gradient of each section of the tunnel of the hydropower station weighted by the length of the axis of each section of the tunnel, which is a medium-excellent index, and the middle value is 1 / 2000. When it is higher than the middle value, it is a low-excellent index, and when it is lower than the middle value, it is a high-excellent index; Surrounding rock type 26 ; It is the average value of the surrounding rock types of each section of the tunnel of the hydropower station weighted by the length of the axis of each section of the tunnel, recorded as Arabic numerals, which is a low-quality index; Total vertical angle u 27 , is the sum of the vertical angle changes of the axis of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, including all open channels and tunnels, in "°", which is a negative low-quality indicator; Tunnel depth u 28 , which is the sum of the maximum buried depths of each section of the tunnel in the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in meters, and is a negative low-quality indicator.

[0073] S4. Determine the open channel evaluation weight a and tunnel evaluation weight b based on the two types of data in S3; the specific content is: collect the index data y corresponding to p non-pressure water diversion line plans according to the index requirements of index set U1 ij , determine the evaluation weight a of the open channel and the evaluation weight b of the tunnel, where a and b are the ratios of the sum of the lengths of the open channels or tunnels of each scheme to be evaluated to the total length of the line.

[0074] S5. Use the expert scoring method to collect the weights w of each evaluation index in the open channel evaluation index set U1 j Specific content: The scoring experts must be senior engineers or above with the professional title of water conservancy project or water conservation project design. The number of initial evaluations must meet the following requirements: no less than 3 for small projects, no less than 5 for medium-sized projects, and no less than 7 for large projects. The number of experts in the construction area must be no less than 30%. The weight of each indicator is w j The average value of the experts' scores satisfies:

[0075] When the weights of all indicators in the indicator set U1 satisfy 0.05≤w j≤0.20, then the weight vector is determined to be w j ; a. When there are 0 or 1 indicators with weight values ​​in w j <0.05 or w j > 0.20, when wj < 0.05, take wj = 0.05; when wj > 0.20, take wj = 0.20; b. When there is more than one indicator with a weight less than 0.05 or greater than 0.20, add 1 expert to re-determine until the above situation is met and the weight vector w is determined j .

[0076] S6. Collect the index data y of p calculation objects in the open channel evaluation index set ij Get the original matrix Y, and after processing the original matrix Y by the range normal method, change the weight w j Multiply it with the matrix processed by the range normalization method to obtain the decision matrix X; the specific content is: Collect the index data y of p calculation objects in the open channel evaluation index set U1 ij Get the original matrix Y, and process the original matrix Y according to the following formula using the range normalization method to convert the weight vector w j Multiply it with the matrix processed by the range normalization method to obtain the decision matrix X, and determine the positive ideal vector and the negative ideal vector according to the decision matrix X; where i is the initial proposed line plan to be evaluated, i=1,2,…,p; When the jth index is a high-quality index, that is, the index value y ij When the bigger the better, the transformation formula is:

[0077] Where i=(1,2,…,p), j=(1,2,…,8), when the jth index is a low-quality index, that is, the smaller the index value yij, the better, the transformation formula is:

[0078] Through two transformation formulas, the indicator data matrix Y is converted into the decision matrix X, X = (x ij )p×8; And x ij ∈[0,1], i=1,2,…,s, j=1,2,…,8.

[0079] S7. Calculate the degree of proximity M between each evaluation object and the optimal solution i ; The specific contents are: The positive ideal vector and negative ideal vector of the decision matrix X are respectively:

[0080]

[0081] Among them, X max1 represents the optimal value of the first indicator of each line plan to be evaluated, X min1 It indicates the worst value of the first indicator of each line scheme to be evaluated, and so on until the eighth indicator; The Euclidean distance D between the jth index of the i-th evaluation object and the positive ideal vector and the negative ideal vector i + , D i - They are:

[0082]

[0083] In the formula, X ij It represents the index value after being processed by the extreme normal method. i Representative evaluation plan, j represents the evaluation index; No. i The degree of closeness between the evaluation object and the optimal solution M i for: .

[0084] S8. For the indicator set U2, perform the operations from S4 to S7 to obtain the degree of closeness between the i-th evaluation object and the optimal solution, which is recorded as N i ; S9: Determine the route plan. The specific contents are: Will =a×Mi+b×Ni, Arrange them in order from largest to smallest, and the determined route plan is the one that comes first.

[0085] Example 6 This embodiment proposes a method for evaluating and determining a non-pressure water diversion line of a hydropower station. A water diversion hydropower station project in a mountainous area uses a non-pressure water diversion line to transmit water and generate electricity. The method for evaluating and determining the water diversion line is as follows: S1. Determine the plane position and elevation of the starting point A and the end point B of the water diversion line.

[0086] S2. Preliminary selection of 4 non-pressure water diversion line schemes for the hydropower station.

[0087] S3, determine the open channel evaluation index set U1 = {total length of the open channel u 11 , fill channel length u 12 , fill height value u 13 , total plane rotation angle u 14 , open channel average gradient u 15 , total flow along the channel u 16, permanent slope height u 17 , the average permeability coefficient of the open channel is u 18}; Determine the tunnel evaluation index set U2 = {the total length of the tunnel u 21 , total difference of water surface line u 22 , the number of tunnels u 23 , the angle between the tunnel axis and the surrounding rock direction u 24 , average tunnel slope u 25 , surrounding rock type u 26 ; Total vertical angle u 27 , tunnel depth u 28}; S4: Collect the index data corresponding to the four non-pressure water diversion line schemes according to the index requirements of index set U1;

[0088] The evaluation weights of open channels and tunnels are determined to be a=0.6 and b=0.4.

[0089] S5. Use the expert scoring method to collect the weights w of each evaluation index in the open channel evaluation index set U1 j = (0.09, 0.13, 0.10, 0.12, 0.15, 0.13, 0.11, 0.17). This project is a medium-sized water conservancy and hydropower project. The number of scoring experts is initially 6, the number of project local experts is 3, and the number of supplementary experts is 1.

[0090] S6. The index data y of the four calculation objects in the index set U1 ij Perform the range normalization method to obtain the decision matrix Y, and record the decision matrix X=w j ·Y. Determine the positive ideal vector and the negative ideal vector according to the decision matrix X; where i is the initial proposed line plan to be evaluated, i=1,2,…,4; Calculate the X matrix:

[0091] S7. The positive ideal vector and negative ideal vector of the decision matrix X are:

[0092] The calculation results of the closeness Mi of each solution of the indicator set U1 are:

[0093] S8. For the index set U2, perform the operations from S4 to S7. i The degree of closeness between the evaluation object and the optimal solution is recorded as N i ;

[0094] According to M i 、N i , a and b calculate C i ,Will Arranged in descending order, Scheme 3 ranks first and is the final route scheme, as shown in the following table.

[0095]

Claims

1. A method for evaluating and determining a non-pressure water diversion line of a hydropower station, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Determine the starting point, end point and elevation of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station; S2: Preliminary selection of p non-pressure water diversion line schemes, p ≥ 3; S3: Collect data of open channel evaluation index set U1 and tunnel evaluation index set U2 of each non-pressure water diversion line scheme; S4. Determine the open channel evaluation weight a and the tunnel evaluation weight b based on the two types of data in S3; S5. Use the expert scoring method to collect the weights w of each evaluation index in the open channel evaluation index set U1 j ; S6. Collect the index data y of p calculation objects in the open channel evaluation index set ij Get the original matrix Y, and after processing the original matrix Y by the range normal method, change the weight w j Multiply it with the matrix processed by the range normalization method to obtain the decision matrix X; S7. Calculate the degree of proximity M between each evaluation object and the optimal solution i ; S8. For the indicator set U2, perform the operations from S4 to S7 to obtain the degree of closeness between the i-th evaluation object and the optimal solution, which is recorded as N i ; S9: Determine the route plan.

2. The method for evaluating and determining the non-pressure water diversion line of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data of the open channel evaluation index set in S3 is: open channel evaluation index set U1={total length of open channel u 11 , fill channel length u 12 , fill height value u 13 , total plane rotation angle u 14 , open channel average gradient u 15 , total flow along the channel u 16 , permanent slope height u 17 , the average permeability coefficient of the open channel is u 18 }.

3. The method for evaluating and determining the non-pressure water diversion line of a hydropower station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The parameters in the open channel evaluation index set U1 are specifically: Total length of open channel u 11 , is the sum of the lengths of the open channel axes of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in km, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Fill channel length u 12 , is the sum of the fill lengths in the open channel axis of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in km, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Fill height value u 13 , is the sum of the maximum fill heights of each section of the open channel axis of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in meters, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Total plane angle u 14 , is the sum of the plane rotation angles of the axis of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, including open channels and tunnels, the unit is "°", is a negative low-optimality index, is a negative low-optimality index; Open channel average gradient u 15 , is the average value of the gradient of each section of the open channel of the hydropower station weighted by the length of the axis of each section of the open channel, which is a medium-excellent index, and the middle value is 1 / 2000. When it is higher than the middle value, it is a low-excellent index, and when it is lower than the middle value, it is a high-excellent index; Total flow along the channel u 16 , is the sum of the multi-year average runoff of all channels crossed by the hydropower station for each section of the open channel of the non-pressure water diversion line, in m 3 / s, which is a negative low-quality indicator; Permanent slope height u 17 , is the maximum sum of the permanent slopes on both sides of the open channel of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in meters. Permanent slopes with a height of less than 30 meters are not included. It is a negative low-quality indicator; The average value of open channel permeability coefficient u 18 It is the permeability coefficient weighted by the axial length of each section of the open channel at the foundation surface of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station. The unit is cm / d, which is a negative low-quality indicator.

4. The method for evaluating and determining the non-pressure water diversion line of a hydropower station according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The data of the tunnel evaluation index set U2 in S3 is: Tunnel evaluation index set U2={total length of tunnel u 21 , total difference of water surface line u 22 , the number of tunnels u 23 , the angle between the tunnel axis and the surrounding rock direction u 24 , average tunnel slope u 25 , surrounding rock type u 26 ; Total vertical angle u 27 , tunnel depth u 28 }.

5. The method for evaluating and determining the non-pressure water diversion line of a hydropower station according to claim 4, characterized in that: The parameters in the tunnel evaluation index set U2 are specifically: Total length of tunnel u 21 , is the sum of the axial lengths of the tunnels of each section of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in km, and is a negative low-quality indicator; Total difference of water surface line u 22 , is the sum of the normal water depth calculated depth difference at the junction of the hydropower station's non-pressure diversion line tunnel and the open channel, in meters, and is a negative low-optimality indicator. The calculation formula of H is: , where h qi 、h si is the normal water depth of the open channel and tunnel at the i-th junction; Number of tunnels u 23 , is the total number of tunnels for the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in units of "pieces", and is a negative low-quality indicator; The angle between the tunnel axis and the surrounding rock direction u 24 , is the average value θ of the angle between the plane axis direction and the surrounding rock structure surface direction of each section of the tunnel of the hydropower station's non-pressure diversion line, weighted by the tunnel axis length, in "°", which is a positive high-quality indicator. The calculation formula is: , i1. i2 is the plane axis direction and surrounding rock structure surface direction of the i-th tunnel section, Li is the length of the i-th tunnel section; Average slope of tunnel u 25 , is the average value of the gradient of each section of the tunnel of the hydropower station weighted by the length of the axis of each section of the tunnel, which is a medium-excellent index, and the middle value is 1 / 2000. When it is higher than the middle value, it is a low-excellent index, and when it is lower than the middle value, it is a high-excellent index; Surrounding rock type 26 ; It is the average value of the surrounding rock types of each section of the tunnel of the hydropower station weighted by the length of the axis of each section of the tunnel, recorded as Arabic numerals, which is a low-quality index; Total vertical angle u 27 , is the sum of the vertical angle changes of the axis of the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, including all open channels and tunnels, in "°", which is a negative low-quality indicator; Tunnel depth u 28 , which is the sum of the maximum buried depths of each section of the tunnel in the non-pressure water diversion line of the hydropower station, in meters, and is a negative low-quality indicator.

6. The method for evaluating and determining the non-pressure water diversion line of a hydropower station according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific content of S4 is: collect the index data y corresponding to p non-pressure water diversion line schemes according to the index requirements of the index set U1 ij , determine the evaluation weight a of the open channel and the evaluation weight b of the tunnel, where a and b are the ratios of the sum of the lengths of the open channels or tunnels of each scheme to be evaluated to the total length of the line.

7. The method for evaluating and determining the non-pressure water diversion line of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific content of S5 is: the scoring experts are senior engineers or above with the professional title of water conservancy project or water conservation project design, the number of initial evaluations shall meet the following requirements: no less than 3 for small projects, no less than 5 for medium projects, no less than 7 for large projects, the number of experts in the project construction area shall be no less than 30%, and the weight of each indicator shall be w j The average value of the experts' scores satisfies: When the weights of all indicators in the indicator set U1 satisfy 0.05≤w j ≤0.20, then the weight vector is determined to be w j ; a. When there are 0 or 1 indicators with weight values ​​in w j <0.05 or w j >0.20, when w j When <0.05, take w j =0.05; when w j >0.20, take w j =0.20; b. When there is more than one indicator with a weight less than 0.05 or greater than 0.20, add one more expert to re-determine until the above situation is met and the weight vector w is determined j .

8. The method for evaluating and determining the non-pressure water diversion line of a hydropower station according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific content of S6 is: Collect the index data y of p calculation objects in the open channel evaluation index set U1 ij Get the original matrix Y, and process the original matrix Y according to the following formula using the range normalization method to convert the weight vector w j Multiply it with the matrix processed by the range normalization method to obtain the decision matrix X, and determine the positive ideal vector and the negative ideal vector according to the decision matrix X; where i is the initial proposed line plan to be evaluated, i=1,2,…,p; When the jth index is a high-quality index, that is, the index value y ij When the bigger the better, the transformation formula is: Where i=(1,2,…,p), j=(1,2,…,8), when the jth index is a low-quality index, that is, the smaller the index value yij, the better, the transformation formula is: Through the above two transformation formulas, the indicator data matrix Y is converted into the decision matrix X, X = (x ij )p×8; And x ij ∈[0,1], i=1,2,…,s, j=1,2,…,8.

9. The method for evaluating and determining the non-pressure water diversion line of a hydropower station according to claim 8, characterized in that: The specific content of S7 is: The positive ideal vector and negative ideal vector of the decision matrix X are respectively: Among them, X max1 represents the optimal value of the first indicator of each line plan to be evaluated, X min1 It indicates the worst value of the first indicator of each line scheme to be evaluated, and so on until the eighth indicator; The Euclidean distance D between the jth index of the i-th evaluation object and the positive ideal vector and the negative ideal vector i + , D i - They are: In the formula, X ij It represents the index value after being processed by the extreme normal method. i Representative evaluation plan, j represents the evaluation index; No. i The degree of closeness between the evaluation object and the optimal solution M i for: .

10. The method for evaluating and determining the non-pressure water diversion line of a hydropower station according to claim 9, characterized in that: The specific content of S9 is: Will =a×M i +b×N i , press Arrange them in order from largest to smallest, and the determined route plan is the one that comes first.

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