Ultrasonic phantom model and ultrasonic simulation training system

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrasonic imitation body model and an ultrasonic simulation training system, the ultrasonic imitation body model comprises a transparent skin layer, the transparent skin layer is internally provided with imitation bone tissues and a plurality of supporting bodies with mechanical hardness and shapes, each supporting body is made according to each organ tissue of a human body, and each supporting body has different colors. According to the ultrasonic phantom model, the colored transparent model is adopted, doctors and medical students can be helped to visually see the interior of the ultrasonic phantom model and scan and know the specific section of the ultrasonic phantom model, and normal anatomy and malformation anatomy can be more visually known by combining the tissue structure of the ultrasonic phantom model with the two-dimensional ultrasonic image; the ultrasonic phantom model can also be applied to training learning of transluminal examination, and the application range is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular relates to an ultrasonic phantom model and an ultrasonic simulation training system. Background Art

[0002] Ultrasound diagnosis is a method that can be cut longitudinally, horizontally or obliquely at any angle, and can display any section image depending on the position of the probe. Unlike CT, which has a fixed section and has a tomographic anatomy that can correspond to its CT image for easy understanding by doctors, the correspondence between ultrasound images and anatomy requires a certain amount of spatial imagination, which makes it difficult for some ultrasound doctors to understand anatomy, especially for some deformed anatomy. Therefore, some ultrasound phantom models have appeared on the market.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent document CN115154927A discloses a human tissue-mimicking ultrasound phantom, which is made of a plastic shell that mimics the shape of a human body and is filled with a human tissue-mimicking ultrasound material; the human tissue-mimicking ultrasound material includes a filler and a marker; the filler contains deionized water and a gel-like substance; the marker is a component that mimics human organs and tissues in ultrasound, has the same shape as human organs, can constitute a human body structure, and simulate the human body in ultrasound; the marker is placed in the filler according to the actual relative position of the human organs and tissues, and the filler fills the space between the shell and the marker.

[0004] The ultrasonic phantom model in the prior art is mainly used for puncture practice and learning. It has no transparent structure and does not have the function of clearly observing the internal structure of the phantom model, and does not produce a good learning effect of normal anatomy and abnormal anatomy for learners. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic phantom model and an ultrasonic simulation training system to solve the above problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, on the one hand, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an ultrasonic phantom model, comprising a transparent skin layer, wherein the transparent skin layer is provided with simulated bone tissue and a plurality of support bodies with mechanical hardness and shape, each support body being made according to various organ tissues of the human body, and each support body having a different color.

[0007] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the support body is made of a colored transparent material.

[0008] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the support body is manufactured by 3D printing.

[0009] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the simulated bone tissue is made of opaque material.

[0010] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the preparation of the simulated bone tissue includes the following steps:

[0011] S11, material selection, selecting materials for making bone-mimicking tissue;

[0012] S12, model design, drawing a 3D model of bone tissue;

[0013] S13, sample preparation, using 3D printing or mechanical processing to prepare bone tissue samples;

[0014] S14, acoustic property test, conducting acoustic property test on the prepared simulated bone tissue sample, including measurement of density, sound velocity and sound attenuation coefficient;

[0015] S15, verification and evaluation, compare the acoustic and mechanical properties of the simulated bone tissue samples with those of real bone tissue, and verify and evaluate the accuracy and reliability of ultrasonic detection of the simulated bone tissue samples.

[0016] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the preparation of the support body includes the following steps:

[0017] S21, selecting and preparing the phantom material, by adding scatterers into the base material so that the scatterers reflect the ultrasonic wave in the base material, thereby forming a stronger echo;

[0018] S22, mold design, design the corresponding mold according to each organ tissue;

[0019] S23, model making, adding a dye to the base material, then pouring it into a mold, and obtaining a support body model after curing and molding;

[0020] S24, model validation, compares the support model with the real organ tissue to evaluate the model structure accuracy, stability and reliability.

[0021] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, in S24, the model verification includes: using an ultrasonic device to scan the support body model, obtaining an ultrasonic image of the support body, comparing the ultrasonic image of the support body with the ultrasonic image of the real organ tissue, and performing mechanical property testing and biocompatibility testing on the support body model to evaluate the model structure accuracy, stability and reliability.

[0022] On the other hand, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an ultrasound simulation training system, including the above-mentioned ultrasound phantom model, and also including an ultrasound detection probe, the ultrasound detection probe is used to simulate the detection of the ultrasound phantom model, and the ultrasound detection probe is connected to a display screen.

[0023] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the ultrasonic detection probe is provided with an irradiation lamp, and the irradiation lamp is used to emit a light beam to the detection part of the ultrasonic detection probe.

[0024] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the irradiation lamp is equipped with a light adjustment device, and the light adjustment device is used to adjust the color of the irradiation lamp so that the color of the irradiation lamp is consistent with the color of the support body detected by the ultrasonic detection probe.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] The present invention provides an ultrasound phantom model and an ultrasound simulation training system. The ultrasound phantom model adopts a colorful transparent model, which can help doctors and medical students to intuitively see the inside of the ultrasound phantom model and scan and understand the specific cross-section of the ultrasound phantom model. By combining the tissue structure of the ultrasound phantom model with a two-dimensional ultrasound image, normal anatomy and abnormal anatomy can be more intuitively understood; the ultrasound phantom model can also be used for training and learning of transcavitary examination, and has a wide range of applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasound simulation training system in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ultrasonic detection probe in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1-ultrasound phantom model; 2-ultrasound detection probe; 3-display screen; 4-irradiation lamp. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] This embodiment provides an ultrasonic phantom model, including a transparent skin layer, wherein the transparent skin layer is provided with simulated bone tissue and a plurality of supports having mechanical hardness and shape, wherein each support is made according to each organ tissue of the human body, and each support has a different color. The transparent skin layer is filled with transparent liquid for ultrasonic detection. The supports are simulated organ tissues of the human body, and each simulated organ tissue has a different color, which is convenient for learners to distinguish each organ tissue.

[0031] The ultrasound phantom model 1 adopts a colorful transparent model, which can help doctors and medical students to intuitively see the inside of the ultrasound phantom model 1 and scan and understand the specific cross-section of the ultrasound phantom model 1. By combining the tissue structure of the ultrasound phantom model 1 with the two-dimensional ultrasound image, normal anatomy and abnormal anatomy can be more intuitively understood; the ultrasound phantom model 1 can also be used for training and learning of transcavitary examination, and has a wide range of applications.

[0032] The ultrasound phantom model 1 of the present invention can help ultrasound learners better understand anatomy, especially for congenital malformations, to make corresponding analysis, such as mirror dextrocardia, dextrocardia, levocardia, tetralogy of Fallot, etc., and can also be used for intracavitary examinations such as transesophageal cardiac ultrasound. Ultrasound learners can easily find the corresponding simulated organ tissue on the ultrasound phantom model 1, and skillfully use the ultrasound detection probe 2 to obtain the corresponding two-dimensional ultrasound image, which is very helpful for making a clear diagnosis of patients with corresponding malformations in the future.

[0033] The support body is made of a colored transparent material and can be manufactured by 3D printing or mechanical processing.

[0034] In a specific embodiment, the simulated bone tissue is made of an opaque material, which does not affect the observation of the simulated organ tissue. Specifically, the preparation of the simulated bone tissue includes the following steps:

[0035] S11, material selection, selecting materials for making bone-mimicking tissue;

[0036] S12, model design, drawing a 3D model of bone tissue;

[0037] S13, sample preparation, using 3D printing or mechanical processing to prepare bone tissue samples;

[0038] S14, acoustic property test, conducting acoustic property test on the prepared simulated bone tissue sample, including measurement of density, sound velocity and sound attenuation coefficient;

[0039] S15, verification and evaluation, compare the acoustic and mechanical properties of the simulated bone tissue samples with those of real bone tissue, and verify and evaluate the accuracy and reliability of ultrasonic detection of the simulated bone tissue samples.

[0040] In a specific embodiment, the preparation of the support body comprises the following steps:

[0041] S21, selecting and preparing the phantom material, by adding scatterers into the base material so that the scatterers reflect the ultrasonic wave in the base material, thereby forming a stronger echo;

[0042] S22, mold design, design the corresponding mold according to each organ tissue;

[0043] S23, model making, adding a dye to the base material, then pouring it into a mold, and obtaining a support body model after curing and molding;

[0044] S24, model verification, comparing the support model with the real organ tissue to evaluate the model structure accuracy, stability and reliability. Specifically, model verification includes: using ultrasound equipment to scan the support model, obtaining an ultrasound image of the support, comparing the ultrasound image of the support with the ultrasound image of the real organ tissue, and performing mechanical property tests and biocompatibility tests on the support model to evaluate the model structure accuracy, stability and reliability.

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment also provides an ultrasound simulation training system, including the above-mentioned ultrasound phantom model 1, and also includes an ultrasound detection probe 2, the ultrasound detection probe 2 is used to simulate the detection of the ultrasound phantom model 1, and the ultrasound detection probe 2 is connected to a display screen 3.

[0046] The ultrasonic detection probe 2 is provided with an irradiation lamp 4, which is used to emit a light beam to the detection part of the ultrasonic detection probe 2. The irradiation lamp 4 is equipped with a light adjustment device, which is used to adjust the color of the irradiation lamp 4 so that the color of the irradiation lamp 4 is consistent with the color of the support body detected by the ultrasonic detection probe 2.

[0047] In the present invention, the overall or local structure of the ultrasound phantom model 1 is preferably set in a 1:1 ratio with the overall or local structure of the human body. The transparent skin layer and muscles of the ultrasound phantom model 1 (except for the simulated bone tissue and the target organ to be observed) are completely transparent, and the ribs and vertebrae in the simulated bone tissue are made into opaque visible structures. The target organ to be observed is made into a transparent appearance with different colors according to the different anatomical parts to be observed (the transparent appearance with colors is made in order to intuitively observe the anatomical parts of the ultrasound phantom model 1. For example, when the left atrial appendage needs to be observed, the ultrasound detection probe 2 can be aimed at the left atrial appendage to obtain the desired part of the ultrasound image)

[0048] The target organ for observation is made into different echoes according to different anatomical parts. The different echoes are made to facilitate the identification of different anatomical parts in the ultrasonic two-dimensional image. The target organ here does not need to be made into an echo similar to that of the human body, nor does it need to be made into a phantom organ that imitates the elasticity of the human body. This is because the heart and liver are surrounded by ribs, and the probe cannot touch the target organ when the patient is examined by ultrasound. Therefore, it is meaningless to make it an elastic organ (this is for easy implementation technically, and if it can be made elastic, of course it is best), but parts other than the target organ (except for simulated bone tissue) need to be made to imitate the elasticity of the human body).

[0049] In order to facilitate the identification of whether the ultrasonic detection probe 2 is aimed at the target position, the ultrasonic detection probe 2 can be changed so that the surrounding or both ends of the ultrasonic detection probe 2 are made into irradiation lamps 4. When performing ultrasonic examination on the ultrasonic phantom model 1, the light beams emitted by these irradiation lamps 4 allow the operator to clearly know the detected position. When the operator is proficient in how to rotate the section to obtain the desired image, he can also skillfully obtain the desired section when examining the patient.

[0050] Take the liver as an example to learn the liver Kushner segmentation method. The human body is used as a template, the upper edge is the fourth rib, the lower edge is 3-4cm below the lower edge of the 12th rib, the outer surface is an ultrasonic phantom transparent body membrane, and the upper and lower ends are respectively organic glass with good light transmittance and connected to the corresponding position body membrane by adhesion. Silane coupling agent is an important treatment agent, mainly used as an additive for polymer composite materials. Its molecular structure is characterized by having groups that can react with inorganic and organic substances in the same molecule, which enables it to improve the interface between inorganic and organic substances, thereby improving the performance of composite materials. Silane coupling agent can react chemically or physically with inorganic materials (such as glass, clay, etc.) through its inorganic affinity groups, and at the same time combine with organic materials (such as resin, rubber, etc.) through its organic affinity groups, thereby achieving a strong bonding of materials with very different properties. This characteristic makes silane coupling agent play an important role in the preparation of composite materials.

[0051] In addition, for materials such as organic glass with good transparency and stable chemical properties, in order to ensure the beauty and durability of the connection, adhesives with good transparency and fast curing are usually selected. UV glue is a traceless adhesive with the characteristics of high transparency, fast curing, high strength, etc. It is suitable for bonding a variety of materials, including metal, glass, plastic, etc., especially suitable for bonding organic glass.

[0052] Inside the transparent skin layer is the ultrasonic tissue-mimicking membrane "Tissue Mimicking Ultrasound Phantom", which is a physical model of the human body that imitates soft tissue in terms of ultrasonic propagation characteristics. It is composed of ultrasonic tissue-mimicking material (Ultrasonically Tissue-Mimicking Material, referred to as TM material) and rib, spine and liver models embedded in it.

[0053] Bone tissue acoustic materials for ribs and spine. The production process of ultrasonic phantom ribs involves multiple steps, including material selection, model design, production and verification. First, it is necessary to select the right material. Ultrasonic phantom ribs usually use medical ultrasonic phantom materials, which have good acoustic properties and can simulate the real rib structure and function.

[0054] Next comes the model design stage. According to the specific requirements of the rib to be simulated, the appropriate geometry and size are designed. This usually involves computer-aided design (CAD) software to accurately draw a 3D model of the rib; then comes the production process, using 3D printing technology or traditional mold casting methods to produce the simulated rib according to the designed model. 3D printing technology can be used for rapid prototyping, while mold casting is suitable for mass production.

[0055] The final stage is the verification phase. The accuracy and reliability of the phantom ribs are verified by comparing the acoustic and mechanical properties with those of real ribs. This may include acoustic testing, mechanical testing, and comparative experiments with real ribs to ensure that the phantom ribs can accurately simulate the acoustic and mechanical properties of real ribs.

[0056] In summary, the production of ultrasonic phantom ribs is a multi-step process involving material selection, model design, production, and verification to ensure its accuracy and reliability. The process of making ultrasonic phantom materials involves multiple steps and techniques to ensure that they can simulate the physical and acoustic properties of real bones.

[0057] The following is the general process of making an ultrasound phantom:

[0058] 1. Material selection and preparation: First, it is necessary to select appropriate materials to simulate the composition and characteristics of bones. For example, the inorganic component hydroxyapatite and the organic component silk fibroin are prepared using the sol-gel and silkworm cocoon puffing methods. These components are similar to fetal bones in structure and material and can be used for ultrasound detection.

[0059] 2. Structural design and optimization: After analyzing the main components of bones, the orthogonal design method was used to analyze the optimal solution for artificial bone solidification, that is, the mass ratio of hydroxyapatite, polyacrylic acid, citric acid, and phosphoric acid is 12:6:2:1.5. In addition, the surface of hydroxyapatite was modified with a silane coupling agent to improve its hydrophobic effect.

[0060] 3.3D printing technology: Use three-dimensional printing technology to make complex bone models. Use melt extrusion technology to print out ABS bone models, then use silicone molds to make molds for casting artificial bones, and then pour hydroxyapatite, silk protein and curing agent to finally get a fetal ultrasound model with a structure and material similar to that of a fetus.

[0061] 4. Acoustic property testing: The acoustic property testing of the prepared ultrasonic phantom material includes the measurement of density, sound velocity and acoustic attenuation coefficient. These tests ensure that the material behaves similarly to real bone under ultrasonic testing, thus providing accurate diagnostic information.

[0062] 5. Verification and evaluation: The manufactured ultrasound phantom material can be used for the calibration and verification of medical imaging equipment to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the imaging equipment. In summary, the process of manufacturing ultrasound phantom materials includes multiple steps such as material selection, structural design, 3D printing technology, acoustic property testing and application evaluation, aiming to simulate the physical and acoustic properties of real bones and provide support for medical diagnosis and treatment.

[0063] The liver model is divided into 8 segments according to the Kuiper method, and the echo of each adjacent segment is different. Making an ultrasound in vivo liver model involves multiple steps, including material selection, mold making, material perfusion, curing treatment and final model verification.

[0064] The following is a detailed production process of a liver model:

[0065] 1. Material selection

[0066] Tissue-mimicking materials: (1) By adding scatterers, tiny scatterers (such as glass beads, metal particles, etc.) are added to the ultrasonic phantom. These scatterers will reflect ultrasonic waves and form stronger echoes. The size, concentration and distribution of the scatterers will affect the intensity and type of the echo. Changing the matrix material: The acoustic impedance of the matrix material determines the propagation and reflection characteristics of ultrasonic waves inside it. (2) By replacing the matrix material (such as polyvinyl chloride, agarose, gelatin, etc.), the echo characteristics of each segment of the ultrasonic phantom can be adjusted (it is best to choose a tissue-mimicking material here, because it also involves light propagation. In order to reduce refraction, a phantom material is selected, and the echo of the tissue-mimicking material is changed by adding and reducing scatterers).

[0067] 2. Mold making

[0068] 3D data acquisition: First, 3D data of the liver needs to be acquired. This can be done by obtaining a real 3D image of the liver using medical imaging methods (such as CT or MRI scans), or by reconstructing a 3D model from a 2D image using 3D reconstruction software (such as Amira).

[0069] Model design: Based on the acquired 3D data, computer-aided design (CAD) software is used to design the 3D structure of the liver model, including the overall morphology of the liver, internal blood vessels, and bile duct network, among other details.

[0070] Mold manufacturing: Use 3D printing technology, CNC machining or other manufacturing technologies to manufacture molds according to the designed 3D model. The mold should have high precision and smooth surface to ensure the accuracy of the final model's morphology and structure.

[0071] 3. Material infusion

[0072] Material preparation: By adding tiny scatterers (such as glass beads, metal particles, etc.) to the ultrasonic phantom, these scatterers will reflect the ultrasonic waves and form different echoes. The size, concentration and distribution of the scatterers will affect the intensity and type of the echo. Changing the matrix material: The acoustic impedance of the matrix material determines the propagation and reflection characteristics of the ultrasonic waves inside it. At the same time, it is necessary to dye the four different echoes separately, and dye the entire ultrasonic phantom.

[0073] To maintain transparency after ultrasound tissue staining, consider using the following methods:

[0074] 1. Choose the right dye: Choose dyes that will not significantly affect transparency. Some dyes may have better transparency or have less effect on transparency at certain concentrations.

[0075] 2. Optimize the dyeing process: control the dyeing time and conditions, avoid dyeing for too long or at too high a concentration to reduce the impact on transparency.

[0076] 3. Use special transparency techniques: similar to the methods used in tissue transparency techniques, such as using hydrogels that can physically support tissues and maintain molecular structure to fix tissues, and then remove membrane lipids, etc., but this requires testing and optimization based on specific phantom materials and stains.

[0077] 4. Properly treat the stained phantom: for example, use a specific solvent for cleaning or decolorization to remove excess stains while minimizing damage to the transparency of the phantom. However, it should be noted that the treatment process may change the structure of tissues / proteins, resulting in reduced antibody staining and fluorescence of labels such as GFP, resulting in signal loss.

[0078] It should be noted that different ultrasound tissue phantom materials may have different properties, so the specific staining methods and whether they can maintain transparency may vary. When performing actual operations, it is recommended to first test on a small sample to determine the most suitable staining method and conditions to achieve the staining effect while maintaining the transparency of the phantom to the greatest extent. At the same time, ensure that the staining process does not significantly affect the acoustic properties and other key performance of the phantom to ensure its accuracy and reliability in ultrasound testing.

[0079] In addition, these methods may require some experimentation and optimization, and cannot guarantee complete transparency in all cases. Transparency after staining may also be affected by many factors, such as the type and concentration of the stain, the properties of the phantom material, etc.

[0080] Some dyeing materials, such as carmine, lemon yellow and potassium iodide solution, can produce certain color changes. To determine the optimal concentration of the pigment solution for overall dyeing of the ultrasound phantom, the following method can be used step by step:

[0081] The first step is to conduct preliminary tests. Prepare a series of food coloring solutions with different concentration gradients, for example, starting from a low concentration (such as 0.1%), and gradually increasing by 0.1% or 0.2% to a higher concentration (such as 1% or 2%).

[0082] The second step is to conduct a dyeing experiment on each concentration of solution. Under the same conditions (such as the same immersion time, temperature, stirring degree, etc.), ultrasonic phantoms of the same size and properties are immersed in solutions of different concentrations.

[0083] The third step is to observe the dyeing effect. After dyeing is completed, carefully observe the color uniformity, depth and transparency of each phantom.

[0084] The fourth step is to evaluate the impact on the phantom performance. Check whether the dyeing has an adverse effect on the key performance of the ultrasound phantom, such as the acoustic properties and physical structure.

[0085] Step 5: Comprehensive comparison: Comprehensively consider the dyeing effect and the impact on the phantom performance, and select the concentration that can achieve the ideal dyeing effect and has the least impact on the phantom performance as the optimal concentration.

[0086] Step 6. If the optimal concentration initially determined is not particularly ideal, the concentration range can be further narrowed and the experiment can be conducted again to more accurately determine the optimal concentration.

[0087] The tissue-mimicking materials with different echoes are divided into different sections and injected into the corresponding parts respectively, and adjusted to the appropriate viscosity and fluidity. Different sections can be separated by ultrasonic phantom membranes. For example, 1 low echo - blue 2 medium echo - yellow 3 slightly high echo - red 4 high echo - green, the 8 liver sections correspond to I-4, II-1, III-2, IV-3, V-1, VI-4, VII-3, VIII-2 one by one, and the 8 sections correspond to the above four different echoes. The purpose is that the same echo and color are not connected (the above 4 colors correspond to 4 echoes for easy technical implementation, and it is also OK if eight colors correspond to eight echoes).

[0088] Pouring process: Slowly pour the prepared material into each section of the mold, ensuring that the material is evenly distributed and fills all corners of the mold. During the pouring process, appropriate vibration may be required to eliminate bubbles and ensure the uniformity of the material.

[0089] 4. Curing treatment

[0090] Curing conditions: According to the characteristics of the selected material, set the appropriate curing conditions (such as temperature, time, etc.). For example, for materials such as gelatin or agar, it may be necessary to place them in a refrigerator or oven for curing.

[0091] Curing check: After curing is completed, check whether the model is complete.

[0092] Cured and free of defects. If necessary, trimming or additional pouring can be carried out.

[0093] 5. Model Validation

[0094] Ultrasound image comparison: Use ultrasound equipment to scan the prepared liver model and obtain ultrasound images. Compare these images with the segmented positions of the ultrasound images of the real liver to evaluate the accuracy of the model structure.

[0095] Performance evaluation: In addition to ultrasound image comparison, other forms of performance evaluation can be performed on the model, such as mechanical property testing and biocompatibility testing. These tests help ensure the stability and reliability of the model in different application scenarios.

[0096] During the production process, safety operating procedures should be strictly followed to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment.

[0097] Acoustic windows: The intercostal spaces and subcostal margins serve as acoustic windows.

[0098] Fixation: The spine, ribs, and upper and lower plexiglass play a fixing role (the ribs and spine are fixed with screws), and hard acoustic materials can be used inside to help fix.

[0099] The present invention is mainly used to help doctors and medical students better understand anatomy. By combining the colored transparent model of the ultrasound phantom model 1, the internal simulated organ tissue can be intuitively seen. The specific section of the ultrasound phantom model 1 can be scanned by using the light of the ultrasound detection probe 2, and the two-dimensional ultrasound images with different tissue echoes of the ultrasound phantom model 1 can be combined to more intuitively understand normal anatomy and deformed anatomy. The ultrasound phantom model 1 can also be used for the training of musculoskeletal ultrasound and transcavitary examination, such as transesophageal cardiac ultrasound examination, etc., and has a wide range of applications.

[0100] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0101] 1. The ultrasound phantom model 1 can help ultrasound personnel better understand anatomy, especially for congenital malformations, and make corresponding models, such as mirror dextrocardia, dextrorotation, and persistent left superior cavity, etc. The corresponding positional relationship can be easily found on the ultrasound phantom model 1, and the position of the ultrasound detection probe 2 and the corresponding two-dimensional ultrasound image can be mastered, which is very helpful for making a clear diagnosis of patients with corresponding malformations in the future.

[0102] 2. It is very helpful for developing new projects such as transesophageal cardiac ultrasound and transvaginal ultrasound, which require cavity examination. In the past, transesophageal cardiac ultrasound examination required further study in a higher-level hospital. This ultrasound phantom model 1 can facilitate self-study. According to the light of the ultrasound detection probe 2, the scanning position can be clearly judged, and at the same time, it can reduce the pain of learning new projects for patients.

[0103] In the description of the present invention, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, may be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood. In addition, the specific features, structures, etc. described in the embodiments are included in at least one embodiment. Under the condition that there is no contradiction, those skilled in the art may combine the features of different embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. According to the basic technical concept of the present invention, the embodiments that can be associated with by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic phantom model, characterized in that: It comprises a transparent skin layer, wherein the transparent skin layer is internally provided with bone-like tissue and a plurality of supporting bodies with mechanical hardness and shape, each supporting body is made according to each organ tissue of the human body, and each supporting body has a different color.

2. The ultrasonic phantom model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support body is made of colorful transparent material.

3. The ultrasonic phantom model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support body is manufactured by 3D printing.

4. The ultrasonic phantom model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulated bone tissue is made of opaque material.

5. The ultrasonic phantom model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation of the bone-mimicking tissue comprises the following steps: S11, material selection, selecting materials for making bone-mimicking tissue; S12, model design, drawing a 3D model of bone tissue; S13, sample preparation, using 3D printing or mechanical processing to prepare bone tissue samples; S14, acoustic property test, conducting acoustic property test on the prepared simulated bone tissue sample, including measurement of density, sound velocity and sound attenuation coefficient; S15, verification and evaluation, compare the acoustic and mechanical properties of the simulated bone tissue samples with those of real bone tissue, and verify and evaluate the accuracy and reliability of ultrasonic detection of the simulated bone tissue samples.

6. The ultrasonic phantom model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation of the support body comprises the following steps: S21, selecting and preparing the phantom material, by adding scatterers into the base material so that the scatterers reflect the ultrasonic wave in the base material, thereby forming a stronger echo; S22, mold design, design the corresponding mold according to each organ tissue; S23, model making, adding a dye to the base material, then pouring it into a mold, and obtaining a support body model after curing and molding; S24, model validation, compares the support model with the real organ tissue to evaluate the model's structural accuracy, stability, and reliability.

7. The ultrasonic phantom model according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S24, the model verification includes: using an ultrasonic device to scan the support body model, obtaining an ultrasonic image of the support body, comparing the ultrasonic image of the support body with the ultrasonic image of the real organ tissue, and performing mechanical property testing and biocompatibility testing on the support body model to evaluate the model structure accuracy, stability and reliability.

8. An ultrasound simulation training system, characterized in that: The invention comprises the ultrasonic phantom model (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, and also comprises an ultrasonic detection probe (2), wherein the ultrasonic detection probe (2) is used for performing simulated detection on the ultrasonic phantom model (1), and the ultrasonic detection probe (2) is connected to a display screen (3).

9. The ultrasound simulation training system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The ultrasonic detection probe (2) is provided with an irradiation lamp (4), and the irradiation lamp (4) is used to emit a light beam to a detection position of the ultrasonic detection probe (2).

10. The ultrasound simulation training system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The irradiation lamp (4) is equipped with a light adjustment device, and the light adjustment device is used to adjust the color of the irradiation lamp (4) so ​​that the color of the irradiation lamp (4) is consistent with the color of the support body detected by the ultrasonic detection probe (2).

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