Stack cavity water injection flow channel structure and reactor building

Abstract

The application discloses a reactor cavity water injection flow channel structure and a reactor plant, which can reduce the design and maintenance difficulty of the reactor cavity water injection flow channel structure and improve the reliability of the reactor cavity water injection flow channel structure. The reactor cavity water injection flow channel structure comprises an annular main shielding wall (1), a water injection flow channel (2) and a fall-preventing grid assembly. The water injection flow channel (2) is arranged in the annular main shielding wall (1) and is used for connecting the reactor cavity and the reactor pit. The fall-preventing grid assembly comprises a fall-preventing grid (3), a driving component and a detection control component. The fall-preventing grid (3) is arranged at the upper opening of the water injection flow channel (2). The driving component is connected with the fall-preventing grid (3). The detection control component is electrically connected with the driving component and is used for detecting whether the top surface of the annular main shielding wall (1) has cooling water. According to the detection result, the driving component is controlled to act so as to open or close the fall-preventing grid (3).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of nuclear power, and particularly relates to a reactor cavity water injection flow channel structure and a reactor building. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a nuclear power plant, after a serious accident occurs, the cooling water in the injection tank needs to be injected into the reactor cavity and introduced into the reactor pit to lead out the heat of the reactor core melt and avoid the melting of the pressure vessel.

[0003] Currently, the technology for reactor pit injection in the reactor building that has been built and is under construction mostly uses a process pipeline. The process pipeline is connected to the injection tank and the reactor pit inside the reactor, which leads to complex design of the process pipeline and systematized comprehensive problems such as overhaul during the construction period, replacement of consumable parts (such as valves, etc.), and difficulty in operation and maintenance during the whole life cycle, and the reliability is not ideal. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, and provides a reactor cavity water injection flow channel structure and a reactor building, which can reduce the design and maintenance difficulty of the reactor cavity water injection flow channel structure and improve the reliability of the reactor cavity water injection flow channel structure.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a reactor cavity water injection flow channel structure. The reactor cavity water injection flow channel structure comprises a ring-shaped main shielding wall, a water injection flow channel, and a fall-preventing grid assembly. The ring-shaped main shielding wall is located between the reactor cavity and the reactor pit in the containment. The water injection flow channel is arranged inside the ring-shaped main shielding wall and is used to connect the reactor cavity and the reactor pit, so that the cooling water flowing into the reactor cavity can flow into the reactor pit through the water injection flow channel. The fall-preventing grid assembly comprises a fall-preventing grid, a driving component, and a detection control component. The fall-preventing grid is arranged at the upper end opening of the water injection flow channel, and the opening and closing of the fall-preventing grid can control whether the cooling water in the reactor cavity flows into the water injection flow channel. The driving component is connected to the fall-preventing grid and is used to drive the fall-preventing grid to open or close. The detection control component is electrically connected to the driving component and is used to detect whether there is cooling water on the top surface of the ring-shaped main shielding wall, and to control the driving component to act according to the detection result, so that the fall-preventing grid is opened or closed.

[0006] In some embodiments, the top surface of the anti-falling grid is level with the top surface of the annular main shielding wall, the top surface of the annular main shielding wall is provided with a water guide groove, and the water guide groove is close to the anti-falling grid. The detection control component includes a buoyant member and a position detection switch. The buoyant member is arranged in the water guide groove and can follow the water level in the water guide groove. The position detection switch is arranged in the water guide groove and is electrically connected with the driving component, and is used for detecting whether the top surface of the annular main shielding wall has cooling water according to the position change of the buoyant member, and controlling the driving component to act according to the detection result.

[0007] In some embodiments, the anti-falling grid is hinged at the upper end opening of the water injection flow channel. The anti-falling grid assembly further includes a supporting spring, one end of the supporting spring abutting against the bottom of the anti-falling grid, and the other end abutting against the inner wall of the water injection flow channel, for keeping the anti-falling grid in a closed state when there is no cooling water above the anti-falling grid. When the water level of the cooling water on the anti-falling grid reaches a preset water level, the gravity of the cooling water compresses the supporting spring, so that the closed anti-falling grid is opened.

[0008] In some embodiments, a wind baffle is arranged at the lower end opening of the water injection flow channel, and the wind baffle is hinged on the inner wall of the reactor pit.

[0009] In some embodiments, the material of the wind baffle is an alloy containing stainless steel or lead.

[0010] In some embodiments, the shape of the water injection flow channel is L-shaped.

[0011] In some embodiments, the water injection flow channel includes a vertical segment and an inclined segment that are in communication with each other; the vertical segment is above the inclined segment, the upper end of the vertical segment is in communication with the reactor cavity, and the bottom end of the inclined segment is in communication with the reactor pit.

[0012] In some embodiments, the bottom end of the water injection flow channel is located at the bottom of the reactor pit.

[0013] Thus, the water injection flow channel structure in the embodiment of the present application can connect the reactor cavity and the reactor pit by opening the water injection flow channel inside the annular main shielding wall, so that the cooling water in the reactor cavity can flow into the reactor pit in the case of a safety accident, such as an unexpected loss of coolant accident, to cool the pressure vessel in the reactor pit and improve the safety of the pressure vessel. Compared with the process pipeline arranged in the internal space of the reactor building in the prior art, the water injection flow channel is directly formed in the annular main shielding wall, which reduces the design difficulty of the water injection flow channel and makes the water injection flow channel not occupy the internal space of the reactor building. The water injection flow channel needs less maintenance and does not involve the replacement of vulnerable parts such as valves, so the reliability of the water injection flow channel is higher, and to some extent, the water injection flow channel can be maintenance-free, thereby reducing the maintenance workload of the staff and the labor intensity of the staff. Further, by arranging the anti-falling grid, the driving component and the detection control component, and making the detection control component detect whether the top surface of the annular main shielding wall has cooling water, the driving component is controlled to act according to the detection result to open or close the anti-falling grid, so that the anti-falling grid can be automatically opened and closed according to whether the top surface of the annular main shielding wall has cooling water, further reducing the labor intensity of the staff when operating the anti-falling grid; and the anti-falling grid can be automatically opened when the cooling water starts to flow into the reactor cavity, improving the timeliness of opening the anti-falling grid.

[0014] In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present application also provides a reactor building, which comprises a containment, the water injection flow channel structure in the first aspect, a pressure vessel and a water injection system for the reactor cavity. The water injection flow channel structure is located in the containment. The pressure vessel is arranged in the reactor pit. The water injection system for the reactor cavity is arranged above the annular main shielding wall in the containment and is used to inject cooling water into the reactor cavity in the case of a safety accident. The cooling water in the reactor cavity flows into the reactor pit through the water injection flow channel to cool the pressure vessel.

[0015] In some embodiments, the number of the water injection flow channel structures for the reactor cavity is multiple, and the multiple water injection flow channel structures for the reactor cavity are arranged around the axis of the pressure vessel.

[0016] The reactor building provided by the embodiment of the present application has the same beneficial effects as the above-mentioned water injection flow channel structure for the reactor cavity, and details are not repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a water injection flow channel structure for a reactor cavity provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a reactor building provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Example 1:

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a reactor cavity water injection channel structure, which is applied in a reactor building to inject cooling water from the reactor cavity into the reactor pit to cool the pressure vessel.

[0022] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 The reactor cavity water injection channel structure includes an annular main shielding wall 1, a water injection channel 2, and a fall protection grid assembly. The annular main shielding wall 1 is located between the reactor cavity and the reactor pit within the containment. The water injection channel 2 is located inside the annular main shielding wall 1 and connects the reactor cavity and the reactor pit, allowing cooling water flowing into the reactor cavity to flow into the reactor pit through the water injection channel 2.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the area enclosed by the annular main shielding wall 1 forms the reactor crater, and part of the pressure vessel is located in the reactor crater. The space above the annular main shielding wall 1 forms the reactor cavity.

[0024] For example, the number of water injection channels 2 can be one or more. The water injection channels 2 can be formed by the concrete structure of the annular main shielding wall 1, or by pre-embedding pipes in the annular main shielding wall 1.

[0025] In the event of a safety accident (such as an accidental loss of coolant), the cooling water from the reactor's safety system is discharged into the reactor cavity and flows into the reactor crater through water injection channel 2 to cool the pressure vessel in the reactor crater, thereby improving the safety of the pressure vessel. Furthermore, compared to process pipelines located within the reactor building in existing technologies, water injection channel 2 is directly formed within the annular main shielding wall 1, reducing the design complexity of water injection channel 2 and preventing it from occupying internal space within the reactor building. Water injection channel 2 requires less maintenance and does not involve the replacement of easily damaged parts such as valves; therefore, water injection channel 2 has high reliability and can be considered maintenance-free to a certain extent, thus reducing the workload and labor intensity of personnel.

[0026] like Figure 1As shown, the anti-falling grid assembly comprises an anti-falling grid 3, a driving component and a detection control component. The anti-falling grid 3 is arranged at the upper end opening of the water injection channel 2, and the opening and closing of the anti-falling grid 3 can control whether the cooling water in the reactor cavity flows into the water injection channel 2. The driving component is connected with the anti-falling grid 3, and is used to drive the anti-falling grid 3 to open or close. The detection control component is electrically connected with the driving component, and is used to detect whether there is cooling water on the top surface of the annular main shielding wall 1, and to control the driving component to act according to the detection result, so as to make the anti-falling grid 3 open or close.

[0027] For example, the material of the anti-falling grid 3 is a metal material capable of shielding radiation, such as stainless steel or lead, so as to avoid the radiation in the reactor pit from leaking into the reactor cavity along the water injection channel 2 and the anti-falling grid 3.

[0028] For example, the anti-falling grid 3 can be opened and closed by translation or overturning.

[0029] When the anti-falling grid 3 is closed, the anti-falling grid 3 separates the reactor cavity and the water injection channel 2 from each other, and the cooling water in the reactor cavity cannot enter the water injection channel 2; at this time, the anti-falling grid 3 does not occupy the internal space in the reactor cavity, and can avoid personnel and foreign matters from falling into the water injection channel 2.

[0030] When the anti-falling grid 3 is opened, the reactor cavity and the water injection channel 2 are communicated with each other, and the cooling water in the reactor cavity can enter the water injection channel 2 and flow into the reactor pit.

[0031] For example, the driving component can be driven by electricity, and the driving component can have various setting modes.

[0032] For example, the driving component can be arranged above the anti-falling grid 3, and when it is needed to open or close the anti-falling grid 3, the driving component can lift or put back the anti-falling grid 3.

[0033] Alternatively, the driving component is arranged below the anti-falling grid 3, and when it is needed to open or close the anti-falling grid 3, the driving component can overturn the anti-falling grid 3 to the vertical direction or the horizontal direction.

[0034] For example, the detection control component comprises a water level detector and a programmable controller.

[0035] For example, after the cooling water of the in-reactor safety system flows into the reactor cavity, the top surface of the main shielding wall 1 is first flooded, and the detection control component detects the cooling water and sends a first control signal to the driving component to control the driving component to actuate the anti-falling grating 3 to open, so that the cooling water in the reactor cavity flows into the reactor pit; after the cooling water in the reactor cavity flows out, the top surface of the main shielding wall 1 is not flooded with cooling water, and the detection control component sends a second control signal to the driving component to control the driving component to actuate the anti-falling grating 3 to close, thereby avoiding personnel or foreign matter from falling into the water injection flow channel 2.

[0036] Through the above arrangement, the automatic opening and closing of the anti-falling grating 3 can be realized according to whether the top surface of the annular main shielding wall 1 is flooded with cooling water, further reducing the labor intensity of the staff when operating the anti-falling grating 3; and the anti-falling grating 3 can be automatically opened in linkage when the cooling water just starts to be injected into the reactor cavity, improving the timeliness of opening the anti-falling grating 3.

[0037] Therefore, the reactor cavity water injection flow channel structure in the embodiment of the present application can communicate the reactor cavity and the reactor pit by arranging the water injection flow channel 2 inside the annular main shielding wall 1, so that in the case of a safety accident (for example, an accidental loss of water accident), the cooling water in the reactor cavity can flow into the reactor pit to cool the pressure vessel in the reactor pit, improving the safety of the pressure vessel. Compared with the process pipeline arranged in the internal space of the reactor plant in the prior art, the water injection flow channel 2 is directly formed in the annular main shielding wall 1, reducing the design difficulty of the water injection flow channel 2 and making the water injection flow channel 2 not occupy the internal space of the reactor plant; the water injection flow channel 2 needs less maintenance and does not involve the replacement of vulnerable parts such as valves, so the reliability of the water injection flow channel 2 is higher, to a certain extent, the water injection flow channel 2 can be maintenance-free, thereby reducing the maintenance workload of the staff and reducing the labor intensity of the staff. Further, by arranging the anti-falling grating 3, the driving component and the detection control component, and detecting whether the top surface of the annular main shielding wall 1 is flooded with cooling water by the detection control component, the driving component is controlled to act according to the detection result to open or close the anti-falling grating 3, so that the automatic opening and closing of the anti-falling grating 3 can be realized according to whether the top surface of the annular main shielding wall 1 is flooded with cooling water, further reducing the labor intensity of the staff when operating the anti-falling grating 3; and the anti-falling grating 3 can be automatically opened in linkage when the cooling water just starts to be injected into the reactor cavity, improving the timeliness of opening the anti-falling grating 3.

[0038] In some embodiments, as Figure 1As shown, the top surface of the anti-falling grid 3 is flush with the top surface of the annular main shielding wall 1, and the top surface of the annular main shielding wall 1 is provided with a water guide groove 5, which is close to the anti-falling grid 3. The detection control component includes a buoyant member and a position detection switch. The buoyant member is arranged in the water guide groove 5 and can follow the water level in the water guide groove 5. The position detection switch is arranged in the water guide groove 5 and is electrically connected with the driving component, for detecting whether the top surface of the annular main shielding wall 1 is covered with cooling water according to the position change of the buoyant member, and controlling the driving component to act according to the detection result.

[0039] By making the top surface of the anti-falling grid 3 flush with the top surface of the annular main shielding wall 1, the space occupation of the anti-falling grid 3 on the top surface of the annular main shielding wall 1 can be reduced, and the flatness of the top surface of the annular main shielding wall 1 can be maintained, so as to avoid affecting the equipment and personnel movement on the top surface of the annular main shielding wall 1.

[0040] For example, the water guide groove 5 is arranged at about 0.5 m beside the anti-falling grid 3, and the water guide groove 5 is 0.5 m deep. The buoyant member can be a floating ball, and a magnet is arranged in the floating ball. The position detection switch detects the position change of the floating ball by detecting the change of the magnetic field.

[0041] Under normal working conditions (the safety system does not release cooling water into the reactor cavity), the buoyant member is placed at the bottom of the water guide groove 5 by gravity, and the anti-falling grid 3 is in a closed state. Under accident conditions (the safety system releases cooling water into the reactor cavity), the cooling water floods the water guide groove 5, and the buoyant member floats to the upper part of the water guide groove 5 under the action of buoyancy. The floating of the buoyant member drives the internal magnet to move, and the position detection switch outputs a control signal according to the position change of the magnet in the buoyant member, and the control signal controls the driving component to act, so as to open the anti-falling grid 3.

[0042] Through the above arrangement, the opening and closing of the anti-falling grid 3 can be controlled by the buoyant member and the position detection switch, and the structure of the buoyant member and the position detection switch is simple, so as to have high accuracy and reliability.

[0043] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 The anti-falling grid 3 is hinged at the upper end opening of the water injection flow channel 2. The anti-falling grid assembly further includes a supporting spring, one end of the supporting spring abuts against the bottom of the anti-falling grid 3, and the other end abuts against the inner wall of the water injection flow channel 2, for keeping the anti-falling grid 3 in a closed state when there is no cooling water above the anti-falling grid 3. When the water level of the cooling water on the anti-falling grid 3 reaches a preset water level, the gravity of the cooling water compresses the supporting spring, so as to open the closed anti-falling grid 3.

[0044] For example, the supporting spring is a compression spring. The parameters (initial length, spring force, deformation amount, etc.) of the supporting spring can be set according to the above-mentioned preset water level, the size of the anti-falling grid 3, and other factors.

[0045] Under normal conditions, the elastic force of the supporting spring is sufficient to support the anti-falling grid 3, so that the anti-falling grid 3 is in a closed state. Under accident conditions, after the cooling water flows onto the anti-falling grid 3, the downward pressure of the anti-falling grid 3 is increased, so that the supporting spring is compressed, thereby opening the closed anti-falling grid 3.

[0046] Through the above setting, the anti-falling grid 3 can be automatically opened when the cooling water reaches the preset water level, realizing the passive control of the anti-falling grid 3, and the anti-falling grid 3 can still be automatically opened when the detection control component and the driving component fail, thereby improving the reliability of the anti-falling grid assembly.

[0047] In some examples, the number and aperture of the water injection flow channel 2 are determined according to the ventilation of the reactor pit to meet the demand for the flow rate of water injection into the reactor pit under accident conditions, while taking into account the effect of the water injection flow channel 2 on the ventilation and dispersion of the reactor pit.

[0048] For example, when the ventilation volume of the reactor pit is 16700 m 3 / h, the number of water injection flow channels 2 can be set to four, and the aperture of the water injection flow channel 2 is set to 350 mm; or the aperture of the water injection flow channel 2 is set to 400 mm, but in this case, a wind baffle 4 needs to be added to the water injection flow channel 2.

[0049] For example, when the ventilation volume of the reactor pit is 15250 m 3 / h, the number of water injection flow channels 2 can be set to eight, and the aperture of the water injection flow channel 2 is set to 450 mm; or the aperture of the water injection flow channel 2 is set to 500 mm, but in this case, a wind baffle 4 needs to be added to the water injection flow channel 2.

[0050] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 Fig. 2, a wind baffle 4 is arranged at the lower end opening of the water injection flow channel 2, and the wind baffle 4 is hinged to the inner wall of the reactor pit.

[0051] In some examples, the wind baffle 4 can shield radiation. The material of the wind baffle 4 is an alloy containing stainless steel or lead to avoid the leakage of radiation in the reactor pit along the water injection flow channel 2 into the reactor pit.

[0052] For example, when cooling water flows through the water injection flow channel 2, the impact force and gravity of the cooling water will cause the wind baffle 4 to open, so that the cooling water enters the reactor pit; when there is no cooling water in the water injection flow channel 2, or the flow rate of the cooling water is close to 0, the wind baffle 4 is closed due to its own gravity.

[0053] Through the above arrangement, the automatic opening and closing of the wind shield 4 can be realized, so as to facilitate the cooling water in the water injection channel 2 to flow into the reactor pit, and reduce the dissipation of the ventilation air volume in the reactor pit.

[0054] It should be noted that the shape of the water injection channel 2 can be adaptively selected according to the specific arrangement of the reactor type, as long as the cooling water can be effectively injected. For example, the shape of the water injection channel 2 is determined according to whether there are other system buried pipes and structural spaces in the annular main shielding wall 1, so as to avoid mutual interference.

[0055] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 , the shape of the water injection channel 2 is L-shaped.

[0056] In this case, the cooling water entering the water injection channel 2 first falls vertically and then flows horizontally into the reactor pit, so that the cooling water in the reactor cavity can quickly enter the water injection channel 2.

[0057] In other examples, as shown in Figure 1 , the water injection channel 2 includes a vertical section and an inclined section which are in communication with each other; the vertical section is located above the inclined section, the upper end of the vertical section is in communication with the reactor cavity, and the bottom end of the inclined section is in communication with the reactor pit.

[0058] In this case, the cooling water entering the water injection channel 2 first flows vertically and then flows obliquely, which is beneficial to reduce the total resistance of the cooling water flowing in the water injection channel 2.

[0059] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 , the bottom end of the water injection channel 2 is located at the bottom of the reactor pit.

[0060] In this way, the cooling water can be directly input into the bottom of the reactor pit, so as to quickly cool the bottom of the pressure vessel in the reactor pit.

[0061] Embodiment 2:

[0062] As shown in Figure 2 , the embodiment of the present application also provides a reactor building applied in a nuclear power plant, which comprises a containment, the reactor cavity water injection channel structure in the embodiment 1, a pressure vessel and a reactor cavity water injection system. The reactor cavity water injection channel structure is located in the containment. The pressure vessel is arranged in the reactor pit. The reactor cavity water injection system is arranged above the annular main shielding wall 1 in the containment, and is used for injecting cooling water into the reactor cavity in the case of a safety accident. The cooling water in the reactor cavity flows into the reactor pit through the water injection channel 2, so as to cool the pressure vessel.

[0063] For example, the reactor cavity water injection system comprises an injection tank, and the injection tank is used for storing cooling water, and a valve is arranged on the injection tank.

[0064] In the case of a safety accident, the valve on the injection tank is opened, and the cooling water in the injection tank is injected into the reactor cavity and flows into the reactor pit through the water injection channel 2 to cool the pressure vessel.

[0065] Through the above setting, in the case of a safety accident, the cooling water in the reactor cavity injection system can smoothly enter the reactor pit to cool the pressure vessel, thereby improving the safety of the reactor building. And by setting the water injection channel 2, the design and maintenance difficulty of the reactor building can be reduced, thereby reducing the labor intensity of the staff.

[0066] In some embodiments, in combination with Figure 1 and Figure 2 The number of reactor cavity water injection channel structures is multiple, and the multiple reactor cavity water injection channel structures are arranged around the axis of the pressure vessel.

[0067] Through the above setting, the cooling water in the reactor cavity can enter the multiple water injection channels 2 from multiple positions, which can avoid the uneven water flow at each position in the reactor cavity affecting the speed of flowing into the water injection channel 2, thereby increasing the amount of water injected from the reactor cavity into the reactor pit, so that the cooling water can quickly enter the reactor pit to cool the pressure vessel, thereby improving the safety of the reactor building.

[0068] It can be understood that the above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments adopted to illustrate the principles of the present application, but the present application is not limited thereto. Various modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and essence of the present application, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A cavity water injection channel structure, characterized in that, include: The annular main shielding wall (1) is located between the reactor cavity and the reactor pit inside the containment. Water injection channel (2) is provided inside the annular main shield wall (1) to connect the reactor cavity and the reactor pit, so that the cooling water flowing into the reactor cavity can flow into the reactor pit through the water injection channel (2); and, The anti-fall grille assembly includes an anti-fall grille (3), a drive component, and a detection and control component; The anti-fall grille (3) is located at the upper opening of the water injection channel (2). The opening and closing of the anti-fall grille (3) can control whether the cooling water in the reactor cavity flows into the water injection channel (2). The drive component is connected to the anti-fall grille (3) and is used to drive the anti-fall grille (3) to open or close; The detection and control component is electrically connected to the drive component and is used to detect whether there is cooling water on the top surface of the annular main shield wall (1), and control the drive component to operate according to the detection result so that the anti-fall grille (3) opens or closes. The top surface of the anti-fall grille (3) is flush with the top surface of the annular main shielding wall (1), and a water channel (5) is provided on the top surface of the annular main shielding wall (1), which is close to the anti-fall grille (3). The detection and control component includes: A buoyancy component is installed inside the water inlet channel (5) and can rise and fall with the water level inside the water inlet channel (5); and, A position detection switch is installed in the water inlet (5) and electrically connected to the drive component. It is used to detect whether there is cooling water on the top surface of the annular main shield wall (1) according to the position change of the buoyancy component, and to control the operation of the drive component according to the detection result. The anti-fall grille (3) is hinged to the upper opening of the water injection channel (2); The anti-fall grille assembly also includes a support spring, one end of which abuts against the bottom of the anti-fall grille (3) and the other end abuts against the inner wall of the water inlet channel (2), for keeping the anti-fall grille (3) closed when there is no cooling water above the anti-fall grille (3); When the water level of the cooling water on the anti-fall grille (3) reaches the preset water level, the gravity of the cooling water compresses the support spring, thereby opening the closed anti-fall grille (3).

2. The water injection channel structure for the reactor cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that, A wind baffle (4) is provided at the lower opening of the water injection channel (2), and the wind baffle (4) is hinged to the inner wall of the reactor pit.

3. The water injection channel structure for the reactor cavity according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wind deflector (4) is made of an alloy containing stainless steel or lead.

4. The reactor cavity water injection channel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water injection channel (2) is L-shaped.

5. The water injection channel structure for the reactor cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water injection channel (2) includes a vertical section and an inclined section that are interconnected; the vertical section is located above the inclined section, the upper end of the vertical section is connected to the reactor cavity, and the lower end of the inclined section is connected to the reactor pit.

6. The water injection channel structure for the reactor cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the water injection channel (2) is located at the bottom of the reactor pit.

7. A reactor building, characterized in that, include: Containment vessel; The cavity water injection channel structure according to any one of claims 1-6 is located within the containment vessel; The pressure vessel is located inside the reactor crater. and, The reactor cavity water injection system is located above the annular main shielding wall (1) inside the containment and is used to inject cooling water into the reactor cavity in the event of a safety accident. Cooling water in the reactor cavity flows into the reactor pit through the water injection channel (2) to cool the pressure vessel.

8. The reactor building according to claim 7, characterized in that, The number of the cavity water injection channel structures is multiple, and the multiple cavity water injection channel structures are arranged around the axis of the pressure vessel.

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