Suitable for removing activation products from lead-bismuth coolants in lead-bismuth cooled reactors 210 Po's device and lead-bismuth cooled reactor

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of processing radioactive liquid, and specifically to a device for removing activated products from lead-bismuth coolant of a lead-bismuth cooled reactor 210 Po and a lead-bismuth cooled reactor. The removal device comprises a shell, a connecting piece and a Po removal piece. 210 Po removal piece. The shell is arranged to form a containing cavity, a side of the shell forms a liquid inlet for the lead-bismuth coolant to flow into the containing cavity, and a bottom end of the shell forms a liquid outlet for the lead-bismuth coolant to flow out of the containing cavity. The connecting piece is connected to a top end of the shell, and is used to suspend the shell on a head cover of the lead-bismuth cooled reactor. 210 Po removal piece is used to remove the activated products in the lead-bismuth coolant entering the containing cavity. 210 Po. The removal device of the embodiments of the present application is arranged in the reactor, and can utilize the circulating flow of the lead-bismuth coolant in the reactor to realize the lead-bismuth coolant flowing into the containing cavity of the removal device, so as to remove the activated products in the lead-bismuth coolant. 210 Po, and the lead-bismuth coolant only circulates inside the reactor container, thereby reducing the risk of lead-bismuth coolant leakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of handling radioactive liquids, and particularly to a method for removing activation products from lead-bismuth coolants in lead-bismuth cooled reactors. 210 Po's device and lead-bismuth cooled reactor. Background Technology

[0002] This section is only intended to provide background information relevant to this application and does not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Lead-bismuth cooled reactors, due to their high energy density and inherent safety, have become an important development direction for global energy supply. However, during reactor operation, the lead-bismuth coolant... 209 Bi readily reacts with neutrons, producing 210 Bi, 210 Bi then undergoes β decay to form 210 Po. 210 Po is a highly toxic and volatile substance with a half-life of up to 138 days. 210 During its decay process, Po releases alpha particles, causing internal irradiation and posing a serious hazard. Under accident conditions, the increased temperature of the overburden gas can also lead to… 210 Increased Po release poses a risk of exceeding international safety standards. With the increasingly widespread application of lead-bismuth cooled reactors, the question of how to remove Po from these reactors remains a key concern. 210 Po has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] A brief overview of this application is provided below to offer a basic understanding of certain aspects thereof. It should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive summary of the application. It is not intended to identify key or essential parts of the application, nor is it intended to limit its scope. Its purpose is merely to present certain concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that follows.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of this application provide a method for removing activation products from lead-bismuth coolant in lead-bismuth cooled reactors. 210 Po's device and lead-bismuth cooled reactor.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for removing activation products from lead-bismuth coolant in lead-bismuth cooled reactors. 210 The device of Po may include a housing, a connector, and 210Po removal component. The shell is configured to form a receiving cavity, with an inlet on the side of the shell for the lead-bismuth coolant to flow into the receiving cavity, and an outlet at the bottom of the shell for the lead-bismuth coolant to flow out of the receiving cavity. The inlet is located below the lead-bismuth coolant level in the reactor vessel of the lead-bismuth cooled reactor. A connector is connected to the top of the shell for suspending the shell on the top cover of the reactor vessel of the lead-bismuth cooled reactor. 210 The Po removal component is used to remove lead-bismuth coolant that has entered the containment cavity. 210 Po.

[0007] In the embodiments of this application, because the casing of the removal device is suspended from the top cover of the lead-bismuth cooled reactor, and because the liquid inlet of the casing is located below the liquid level of the lead-bismuth coolant in the reactor vessel, the lead-bismuth coolant circulates only within the reactor vessel, reducing the risk of lead-bismuth coolant leakage. Since the removal device is located within the reactor, by forming a receiving cavity, a liquid inlet, and a liquid outlet on the casing, and by setting... 210 The Po removal unit can utilize the circulating flow of lead-bismuth coolant within the stack to achieve the entry and exit of lead-bismuth coolant into and out of the removal device's containment cavity, thereby utilizing... 210 Po removal component removes lead-bismuth coolant from the containment cavity. 210 Po.

[0008] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a lead-bismuth cooled reactor, which may include a reactor vessel, a core assembly, a heat exchanger, a flow distribution unit, a flow collector, and a pump. The reactor vessel may include a vessel body with an opening at the top and a top cover for closing the vessel body, the vessel body being used to contain lead-bismuth coolant. The core assembly is disposed within the vessel body. The heat exchanger is used to receive and cool the lead-bismuth coolant from the core assembly. The flow distribution unit is disposed below the core assembly for allowing lead-bismuth coolant to enter the core assembly. The flow collector is configured to form a flow collection chamber, and is disposed radially outside the flow distribution unit for receiving the lead-bismuth coolant cooled by the heat exchanger. The pump is used to pump the lead-bismuth coolant in the flow collector to the upper part of the vessel body, so that the lead-bismuth coolant from the flow collector flows downwards, and flows radially outside the flow collector to the bottom of the flow collector, and finally enters the flow distribution unit.

[0009] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a lead-bismuth cooled reactor, which may include: a reactor vessel and the activation products in the lead-bismuth coolant for removing lead-bismuth cooled reactors provided in the first aspect of this application. 210 The device is a reactor vessel. The reactor vessel includes a vessel body with an opening at the top and a reactor top cover for closing the vessel body. The vessel body contains lead-bismuth coolant. The device is suspended from the reactor top cover, and its inlet is located below the liquid level of the lead-bismuth coolant in the vessel body to remove activation products from the lead-bismuth coolant. 210 Po.

[0010] These and other advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To further illustrate the above and other advantages and features of this application, the specific embodiments of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings, together with the following detailed description, are included in and form a part of this specification. Elements having the same function and structure are indicated by the same reference numerals. It should be understood that these drawings only depict typical examples of this application and should not be considered as limiting the scope of this application.

[0012] Figure 1 This is an embodiment of the present application suitable for removing activation products from lead-bismuth coolant in lead-bismuth cooled reactors. 210 A schematic diagram of the structure of the Po device;

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a lead-bismuth cooled reactor according to an embodiment of this application, wherein the arrows indicate the flow direction of the lead-bismuth coolant, and the dashed lines in the figure indicate the liquid level of the lead-bismuth coolant;

[0014] Figure 3 It's a problem with a certain lead-bismuth cooled reactor. 210 When Po is removed, in the lead-bismuth coolant 210 The change of Po saturation activity over time;

[0015] Figure 4 It is a lead-bismuth cooled reactor in different 210 Under Po removal efficiency, lead-bismuth coolant 210 The activity of Po changes over time.

[0016] It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, but are shown only in a schematic manner without affecting the reader's understanding.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0018] 10. Removal device; 11. Housing; 101. Receiving cavity; 102. Liquid inlet; 103. Liquid outlet; 111. Piping fitting; 112. End cap; 12. Connecting component; 13. 210 PO removal components; 131. Removal housing; 132. Rod; 133. Filter material;

[0019] 20. Stack container; 21. Container body; 22. Stack top cover;

[0020] 30. Core assembly;

[0021] 40. Heat exchanger; 41. Heat exchange inlet; 42. Heat exchange outlet; 43. Heat exchanger shell;

[0022] 50. Flow distribution components;

[0023] 60. Current collector;

[0024] 70. Pump; 71. Pump inlet; 72. Pump outlet; 73. Pump casing;

[0025] 81. First flow guide; 82. Second flow guide;

[0026] 91. Protective cover; 92. Top shield. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Exemplary embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. For clarity and brevity, not all features of actual implementations are described in the specification. However, it should be understood that many implementation-specific decisions must be made in the development of any such actual embodiment to achieve the developer's specific goals, such as complying with constraints related to the system and business, and these constraints may vary depending on the implementation. Furthermore, it should be understood that while development work can be very complex and time-consuming, such development work is merely a routine task for those skilled in the art who benefit from the content of this application.

[0028] It should also be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring this application with unnecessary details, only the equipment structure and / or processing steps closely related to the solution according to this application are shown in the accompanying drawings, while other details that are not closely related to this application are omitted.

[0029] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by a person with ordinary skills in the field to which this application pertains.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0031] In related technologies, a method is used to install [something] outside the reactor vessel of a lead-bismuth cooled reactor. 210 Po removal device, used for removing lead-bismuth coolant from the stack container. 210 Po is removed. The inventors of this application have discovered that leading-bismuth coolant drawn from inside the reactor vessel to the outside of the reactor vessel poses a risk of leading-bismuth coolant leakage.

[0032] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of this application provide a method for removing activation products from lead-bismuth coolant in lead-bismuth cooled reactors. 210The device for removing Po (hereinafter referred to as the removal device).

[0033] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a removal device according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a lead-bismuth cooled reactor according to an embodiment of this application, where arrows indicate the flow direction of the lead-bismuth coolant, and dashed lines indicate the liquid level of the lead-bismuth coolant. The removal device 10 of an embodiment of this application may include a housing 11, a connector 12, and... 210 Po removal component 13. The housing 11 is configured to form a receiving cavity 101. An inlet 102 is formed on the side of the housing 11 for the lead-bismuth coolant to flow into the receiving cavity 101, and an outlet 103 is formed at the bottom of the housing 11 for the lead-bismuth coolant to flow out of the receiving cavity 101. The inlet 102 is located below the lead-bismuth coolant level in the reactor vessel 20 of the lead-bismuth cooled reactor. A connector 12 is connected to the top of the housing 11 for suspending the housing 11 on the reactor top cover 22 of the reactor vessel 20 of the lead-bismuth cooled reactor. 210 Po removal component 13 is used to remove lead-bismuth coolant entering the receiving cavity 101. 210 Po.

[0034] In this embodiment, because the housing 11 of the removal device 10 is suspended from the top cover 22 of the lead-bismuth cooled reactor, and because the inlet 102 of the housing 11 is located below the liquid level of the lead-bismuth coolant in the reactor vessel 20, the lead-bismuth coolant circulates only within the reactor vessel 20, reducing the risk of lead-bismuth coolant leakage. Since the removal device 10 is located within the reactor, by forming a receiving cavity 101, an inlet 102, an outlet 103, and other features on the housing 11... 210 The Po removal component 13 can utilize the circulating flow of lead-bismuth coolant within the stack to achieve the entry and exit of lead-bismuth coolant into and out of the receiving cavity 101 of the removal device 10, thereby utilizing... 210 Po removal component 13 removes lead-bismuth coolant from the receiving cavity 101. 210 Po.

[0035] In some embodiments, the housing 11 may include a pipe 111 and an end cap 112 that closes the lower end of the pipe 111. The end cap 112 has multiple liquid outlets 103 for allowing lead-bismuth coolant to flow out of the receiving cavity 101. Providing multiple liquid outlets 103 on the end cap 112 facilitates a more uniform flow of lead-bismuth coolant from the receiving cavity 101 to the outside, and also helps to prolong the residence time of the lead-bismuth coolant within the receiving cavity 101, thereby improving… 210 The Po removal component 13 improves the contact efficiency with the lead-bismuth coolant, thereby increasing the efficiency of the contact. 210 The removal effect of Po removal part 13.

[0036] The middle wall of the fitting 111 forms a plurality of inlets 102 for the lead-bismuth coolant to flow into the receiving cavity 101. These inlets 102 can be arranged at equal intervals around the circumference of the fitting 111.

[0037] In some embodiments, the connector 12 may be a flange structure, and the stack top cover 22 accordingly forms an installation port, at which the connector 12 is connected to the stack top cover 22.

[0038] In some embodiments, the connector 12 has an inner diameter greater than that of the connector. 210 Po removes the through hole of the outer diameter of part 13. 210 The Po removal member 13 can enter and exit the receiving cavity 101 through the through hole and is detachably connected to the connector 12. This configuration allows for upward pulling at the through hole of the connector 12... 210 Po removal part 13, can then 210 The Po removal part 13 is removed from the receiving cavity 101, thereby facilitating its removal from the housing 11 for replacement.

[0039] In some embodiments, 210 Po removal part 13 is connected to connector 12 by nuts and washers, which facilitates disassembly and improves sealing.

[0040] In some embodiments, 210 The lead-bismuth coolant 13 may include a removal housing 131, a filter material 133 filled within the removal housing 131, and a rod 132 for connecting the removal housing 131 to the connector 12. Lead-bismuth coolant entering the receiving cavity 101 can enter the removal housing 131 and flow through the filter material 133, which can remove... 210 Po is filtered out of the lead-bismuth coolant. In this embodiment, the removal housing 131 provides a space for the filter material 133. The removal housing 131 is connected to the connector 12 via the rod 132, making the entire... 210 The Po removal component 13 can be suspended from the connector 12 instead of being connected to the housing 11, thereby facilitating the removal of the Po component. 210 The Po removal part 13 is replaced, and the position of the removal shell 131 in the receiving cavity 101 can be easily adjusted by adjusting the length of the rod 132.

[0041] In some embodiments, the removal housing 131 may be located between the inlet 102 and the outlet 103, which facilitates the flow of lead-bismuth coolant from the inlet 102 into the removal housing 131, and after passing through the filter material 133, it will... 210 Po is filtered out of the lead-bismuth coolant and then flows out from outlet 103, which helps to improve... 210The removal efficiency of Po. At the same time, by adjusting the length of the rod 132, the removal housing 131 can be easily positioned below the liquid inlet 102.

[0042] In some embodiments, the connector 12, housing 11, removal housing 131, and rod 132 may be made of austenitic stainless steel to avoid corrosion by lead-bismuth coolant.

[0043] The rod 132 can be welded to the shell removal part 131. The upper and lower ends of the shell removal part 131 can be hollowed out so that the lead-bismuth coolant can enter the shell removal part 131 from the top and flow out of the shell removal part 131 from the bottom.

[0044] In some embodiments, the top of the rod 132 may be threaded, allowing it to connect to the connector 12 via a nut and a washer. The threaded connection facilitates easy replacement or repair. 210 When removing part 13, disassembly and assembly can be performed more easily.

[0045] The inventors of this application discovered that, 210 Po readily deposits on metallic silver. Therefore, in some embodiments, the filter material 133 can be silver wire, which is filled into the removal housing 131. The inventors of this application have discovered that filling the removal housing 131 with silver wire can increase... 210 The contact area between Po and the silver wire is more conducive to 210 Po deposition, while the silver wire does not react with the lead-bismuth coolant and will not introduce impurities into the lead-bismuth coolant, making it particularly suitable as a filter material.

[0046] In some embodiments, the silver wire may have the shape of a steel wool ball, which can increase... 210 Po increases the contact area between the filter material 133 and the filter material 133, thereby improving the deposition efficiency of the filter material 133.

[0047] In some embodiments, the width of the silver wire is 0.2–0.4 mm, and the filling density is 30–50 kg / m³. 3 The inventors of this application have discovered that this configuration is more conducive to improving the deposition efficiency of silver wires, thereby increasing... 210 The removal effect of Po.

[0048] Embodiments of this application also provide a lead-bismuth cooled reactor, which may include a reactor vessel 20 and a removal device 10 as described in any embodiment of this application. The reactor vessel 20 includes a vessel body 21 with an opening at the top and a top cover 22 for closing the vessel body 21. The vessel body 21 is used to contain lead-bismuth coolant. The removal device 10 is suspended from the top cover 22, and its inlet 102 is located below the liquid surface of the lead-bismuth coolant in the vessel body 21, for removing activation products from the lead-bismuth coolant. 210Po. Because the removal device 10 is suspended from the reactor top cover 22, and the inlet 102 of the removal device 10 is located below the lead-bismuth coolant liquid surface in the container body 21, the lead-bismuth coolant can flow into the removal device 10 during the circulation process inside the reactor, and the activation products are removed by the removal device 10. 210 Po. This configuration eliminates the need to draw lead-bismuth coolant outside the reactor vessel 20 to remove activation products. 210 Po, thereby reducing the risk of lead-bismuth coolant leakage.

[0049] Embodiments of this application also provide a lead-bismuth cooled reactor, which may include a reactor vessel 20, a core assembly 30, a heat exchanger 40, a flow distribution member 50, a flow collector 60, and a pump 70. The reactor vessel 20 includes a vessel body 21 with an opening at the top and a top cover 22 for closing the vessel body 21, the vessel body 21 being used to contain lead-bismuth coolant. The core assembly 30 is disposed within the vessel body 21. The heat exchanger 40 is used to receive and cool the lead-bismuth coolant from the core assembly 30. The flow distribution member 50 is disposed below the core assembly 30 for allowing lead-bismuth coolant to enter the core assembly 30. The flow collector 60 is configured to form a flow collection cavity, and is disposed radially outside the flow distribution member 50 for receiving the lead-bismuth coolant cooled by the heat exchanger 40. Pump 70 is used to pump the lead-bismuth coolant in the manifold 60 to the upper part of the container body 21, so that the lead-bismuth coolant from the manifold 60 flows downward and flows downward radially outward to the bottom of the manifold 60, and finally enters the flow distribution unit 50.

[0050] The lead-bismuth cooled reactor provided in the embodiments of this application has the lead-bismuth coolant flowing out of the core assembly 30 directly entering the heat exchanger 40, where it is cooled. After that, it flows directly into the collector 60 inside the heat exchanger 40, and then the pump 70 sends the lead-bismuth coolant to the upper part of the reactor vessel 20. Subsequently, the lead-bismuth coolant flows downward along the outside of the collector 60 to the bottom, and then re-enters the core assembly 30 evenly through the flow distribution device 50. This continuous circulation is more conducive to the circulation of lead-bismuth coolant inside the reactor.

[0051] The collector 60 has a ring structure, and the collector cavity it forms is a ring-shaped collector cavity.

[0052] In some embodiments, the heat exchanger 40 includes a heat exchanger shell 43, a heat exchange inlet 41, and a heat exchange outlet 42. A heat exchange cavity for supplying lead-bismuth coolant is formed inside the heat exchanger shell 43. The heat exchange inlet 41 forms a heat exchange inlet communicating with the heat exchange cavity. The heat exchange outlet 42 forms a heat exchange outlet communicating with the heat exchange cavity. The lead-bismuth coolant flowing through the core assembly 30 enters the heat exchange cavity through the heat exchange inlet and exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium before flowing into the collection cavity of the collector 60 from the heat exchange outlet.

[0053] In some embodiments, a heat exchange outlet 42 is formed at the bottom of the heat exchanger shell 43; a heat exchange inlet 41 is formed on the side of the heat exchanger shell 43 and faces the core assembly 30.

[0054] In some embodiments, the manifold 60 has a manifold inlet and a manifold outlet communicating with the manifold cavity. The heat exchange outlet 42 is connected to the manifold inlet of the manifold 60 so that the lead-bismuth coolant after heat exchange with the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange cavity directly enters the manifold cavity without entering the container body 21. This arrangement allows all the cooled lead-bismuth coolant to be collected in the manifold cavity.

[0055] In some embodiments, the reactor may further include a top shield 92. The top shield 92 is disposed below the top cap 22 and directly above the core assembly 30. In some embodiments, the top shield 92 may include a thermal shielding layer and a neutron shielding layer for reducing heat transfer and shielding neutrons within the reactor, respectively.

[0056] The heat exchange inlet 41 may extend from the heat exchanger shell 43 to a position below the top shield 92 and close to the lower surface of the top shield 92. In some embodiments, the reactor may further include a core shroud, in which the core assembly 30 is disposed. The core shroud is connected to the heat exchange inlet 41 and has an outlet communicating with the heat exchange inlet, through which lead-bismuth coolant flowing from the core assembly 30 flows directly to the heat exchange inlet.

[0057] In some embodiments, the pump 70 includes a pump housing 73, a pump inlet 71, and a pump outlet 72. A pump chamber for supplying lead-bismuth coolant is formed within the pump 70. The pump inlet 71 forms a pump inlet communicating with the pump chamber, and the pump outlet 72 forms a pump outlet communicating with the pump chamber. Lead-bismuth coolant from the manifold enters the pump chamber via the pump inlet and flows into the container body 21 from the pump outlet.

[0058] In some embodiments, a pump inlet 71 is formed at the bottom of a pump casing 73; a pump outlet 72 is formed on the side of a pump casing 73 and faces away from the core assembly 30.

[0059] In some embodiments, the pump inlet 71 is connected to the collector outlet of the collector 60, so that the lead-bismuth coolant in the collector chamber directly enters the pump chamber without entering the container body 21. This arrangement allows all the cooled lead-bismuth coolant to be pumped by the pump 70 to the pump outlet 72, improving the circulation effect of the lead-bismuth coolant and thus improving the cooling effect on the core assembly 30.

[0060] In some implementations, the heat exchanger shell 43 of the heat exchanger 40 and the pump shell 73 of the pump 70 are respectively connected to the top cover 22.

[0061] In some embodiments, the reactor may further include a first flow guide 81 and a second flow guide 82. The first flow guide 81 is located directly below the flow distribution member 50 and is disposed at the bottom of the container body 21. The second flow guide 82 is disposed at the bottom of the collector 60 and is used to guide the lead-bismuth coolant. In this embodiment, by providing the first flow guide 81 and the second flow guide 82, the flow path of the lead-bismuth coolant is effectively guided, which is beneficial for the lead-bismuth coolant at the bottom of the container body 21 to flow to the core assembly 30, thereby improving the circulation efficiency of the lead-bismuth coolant.

[0062] In some embodiments, the lower surface of the first guide member 81 may be an arc surface, which facilitates the flow of lead-bismuth coolant at the bottom of the container body 21 toward the second guide member 82. In some embodiments, the upper surface of the second guide member 82 may be an arc surface, which facilitates the guidance of lead-bismuth coolant to the flow distribution member 50.

[0063] In some embodiments, the first guide member 81 may be connected to the lower surface of the collector 60. The first guide member 81 has an annular structure, the same annular width as the collector 60, and the same radial outer diameter and radial inner diameter, that is, the inner diameter of the first guide member 81 is the same as the diameter of the flow distribution member 50.

[0064] The diameter of the second guide member 82 is larger than the diameter of the flow distribution member 50, so that the second guide member 82 and the first guide member 81 partially overlap radially in the container body 21, thereby making it more convenient to guide the lead-bismuth coolant at the bottom of the container body 21 to the flow distribution member 50.

[0065] In some embodiments, there are two heat exchangers 40, symmetrically arranged on both radial sides of the core assembly 30. In some embodiments, there are two pumps 70, symmetrically arranged on both radial sides of the core assembly 30, and located radially outside the two heat exchangers 40 respectively. The heat exchange outlet 42 of each heat exchanger 40 and the pump inlet 71 of each pump 70 are connected to the manifold 60 so that the lead-bismuth coolant flowing out of the heat exchange chamber of each heat exchanger 40 can directly enter the manifold and be pumped into the pump casing 73.

[0066] Because of the high temperature within the core assembly 30, the lead-bismuth coolant absorbs heat from the core assembly 30 and easily forms aerosols, which rise to the reactor top cover 22. Therefore, in some embodiments, the reactor may also include a protective shield 91. The protective shield 91 is used to create a closed negative pressure space above the reactor top cover 22, thereby preventing the leakage of radioactive aerosols.

[0067] In some embodiments, the reactor may further include the removal device 10 as described in any embodiment of this application. The removal device 10 is suspended from the reactor top cover 22, and the inlet 102 of the removal device 10 is located below the liquid surface of the lead-bismuth coolant in the container body 21, for removing activation products from the lead-bismuth coolant. 210 Po. Because the removal device 10 is suspended from the reactor top cover 22, and the inlet 102 of the removal device 10 is located below the lead-bismuth coolant liquid surface in the container body 21, the lead-bismuth coolant can flow into the removal device 10 during the circulation process inside the reactor, and the activation products are removed by the removal device 10. 210 Po. This configuration eliminates the need to draw lead-bismuth coolant outside the reactor vessel 20 to remove activation products. 210 Po, thereby reducing the risk of lead-bismuth coolant leakage.

[0068] In some embodiments, the pump outlet 72 is configured to be higher than the inlet 102 of the removal device 10, which facilitates the flow of lead-bismuth coolant flowing from the pump outlet 72 into the removal device 10.

[0069] In some embodiments, after the reactor has been operating for a certain period of time, the residue in the removal device 10 can be removed. 210 Po removal part 13 is lifted upwards to above the stack top cover 22 for replacement or maintenance outside the protective cover 91.

[0070] In some embodiments, a protective gas, such as argon, is filled above the surface of the lead-bismuth coolant in the stack container 20.

[0071] Calculations show that in a lead-bismuth cooled reactor without a removal device 10, the activated bismuth medium contains... 210 Po reaches saturation around year 3, with a saturation activity of 3E+15 Bq. For example... Figure 3 As shown.

[0072] Figure 4 It is a lead-bismuth cooled reactor in different 210 At Po removal efficiencies (removal efficiencies of 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 0.9, respectively), in lead-bismuth coolant... 210 The activity of Po changes over time. For example Figure 4 It can be seen that if the removal efficiency reaches 0.9, 210 Po reached saturation on day 60 of full-power operation, with a saturation activity of 4.0E+10 Bq, which was five orders of magnitude lower than that without the removal device. Even with a removal efficiency of only 0.1, 210Po reaches saturation at full power on day 50, with a saturation activity of 3.8E+11 Bq, which is four orders of magnitude lower than without the removal device 10. From the above analysis, it can be seen that by adding the removal device 10 to the lead-bismuth coolant, the saturation activity can be reduced more quickly. 210 The activity of Po reaches saturation and its saturation activity is effectively reduced, further reducing the activity migrating to the protective gas under the cover, thereby reducing the amount of leakage into the process room and the environment.

[0073] Regarding the embodiments of this application, it should also be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0074] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. The scope of protection of this application shall be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for removing activation products from lead-bismuth coolant in lead-bismuth cooled reactors. 210 The device of Po is characterized in that... The device includes: The housing is configured to form a receiving cavity, the side of the housing has an inlet for the lead-bismuth coolant to flow into the receiving cavity, and the bottom of the housing has an outlet for the lead-bismuth coolant to flow out of the receiving cavity. The inlet is located below the liquid level of the lead-bismuth coolant in the reactor vessel of the lead-bismuth cooled reactor. A connector, connected to the top of the housing, is used to suspend the housing from the top cover of the reactor vessel of the lead-bismuth cooled reactor; 210 Po removal component, used to remove lead-bismuth coolant entering the receiving cavity. 210 Po; The 210 The Po removal component includes: a removal housing, filter material filled inside the removal housing, and a rod for connecting the removal housing to the connector; The lead-bismuth coolant entering the containment cavity can enter the removal housing and flow through the filter material, which is capable of removing... 210 Po is filtered out of the lead-bismuth coolant.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connector has an inner diameter larger than that of the 210 Po removes the through hole on the outer diameter of the part; The 210 The Po removal component can enter and exit the receiving cavity through the through hole and is detachably connected to the connector.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter material is silver wire, which is filled in the removal housing.

4. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The width of the silver wire is 0.2~0.4mm, and the filling density is 30~50kg / m². 3 .

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The removal housing is located between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet.

6. A lead-bismuth cooled reactor, characterized in that, include: A stack container, the stack container comprising a container body with an opening at the top and a stack top cover for closing the container body, the container body being used to contain lead-bismuth coolant; Any one of claims 1-5 is suitable for removing activation products from lead-bismuth coolants in lead-bismuth cooled reactors. 210 The device for Po, suspended from the top cover of the stack, has its inlet located below the liquid level of the lead-bismuth coolant in the container body, and is used to remove activation products from the lead-bismuth coolant. 210 Po.

7. The reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: The core assembly is disposed within the container body; A heat exchanger is used to receive and cool the lead-bismuth coolant from the core assembly. A flow distribution unit, located below the core assembly, is used to supply lead-bismuth coolant into the core assembly; A flow collector is configured to form a flow collection cavity. The flow collector is located radially outside the flow distribution component and is used to receive lead-bismuth coolant after the heat exchanger has been cooled. A pump is used to pump the lead-bismuth coolant in the manifold to the upper part of the container body, so that the lead-bismuth coolant from the manifold flows downward and flows radially outward to the bottom of the manifold, and finally enters the flow distribution unit.

8. The reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: The first flow guide is located directly below the flow distribution component at the bottom of the container body; The second guide element, located at the bottom of the collector, is used to guide the lead-bismuth coolant.

9. The reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: A protective cover is used to create a closed negative pressure space above the stack top cover.

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