Polarization sensitive wide-angle matching structure and ultra-wideband wide-sweep-angle low-standing-wave tight coupling antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure and an ultra-wideband wide-sweep-angle low-standing-wave tight coupling antenna. The polarization sensitive wide-angle matching structure comprises a first polarization sensitive structure dielectric substrate, a first polarization sensitive structure, a second polarization sensitive structure dielectric substrate, a second polarization sensitive structure, a third polarization sensitive structure, an isolation layer and a wide-angle matching layer; three layers of wide-angle matching structures with different shapes along the E surface and the H surface of the antenna are adopted, the impedance matching condition in two scanning directions can be improved in a targeted mode according to different impedance change rules when a tight coupling array scans along the E surface and the H surface, and low active standing waves are achieved under the large scanning angle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ultra-wideband array antennas, and in particular to an ultra-wideband tightly coupled array antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, as an indispensable and important part of the communication system, antennas with ultra-wideband and wide scanning angle performance have gradually become a research hotspot. The design of traditional ultra-wideband antenna arrays is mainly based on the design of broadband antenna units, and then the array is formed. During this period, it is necessary to avoid the influence of the mutual coupling effect between array elements on the active standing waves in each array element band. This design method makes it difficult to continue to expand the low-frequency bandwidth of traditional ultra-wideband antenna arrays. Based on the connection array theory proposed by Wheeler, Munk et al. proposed a strongly coupled ultra-wideband phased array antenna. The units in the array antenna are closely arranged, thereby introducing a capacitive mutual coupling effect between adjacent array elements, thereby offsetting the inductive effect caused by the reflector, and realizing the expansion of the impedance bandwidth and low-profile design of the array antenna. So far, tightly coupled array antennas have become one of the hot spots in the field of antenna research, and excellent results have continued to enter the public eye.

[0003] In order to take into account the requirements of bandwidth, scanning angle and impedance matching in today's ultra-wideband tightly coupled arrays, the active standing wave ratio is often limited to 3.0. When the array scanning angle is large, this standard can even be relaxed to 3.5. The return loss S11 corresponding to a standing wave ratio of 3.0 is about -6dB. For some large-scale high-power phased arrays, higher return losses will increase the probability of damage to active devices such as T / R at the back end. The return loss S11 corresponding to a standing wave ratio of 2.0 is about -9dB, and the probability of damage will be significantly reduced.

[0004] According to Wheeler's periodic array scanning theory, when the array is scanned along the E-plane and H-plane, the characteristic impedance of the array changes with the scanning angle θ according to the law of cosθ and 1 / cosθ respectively. This means that if the conventional regular wide-angle matching layer or periodic frequency selective surface is used to improve the wide scanning angle impedance matching of the array, if the impedance matching on one surface is improved, the impedance matching on the other surface will deteriorate, and it is impossible to take both into account at the same time, resulting in the inability to achieve low active standing waves at large scanning angles on both the E-plane and the H-plane at the same time. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an antenna with low standing wave tight coupling and low polarization sensitivity in E / H plane within a large scanning angle range while ensuring the ultra-wideband performance of the array.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The present invention first provides a polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure, comprising:

[0008] a first polarization sensitive structure dielectric substrate;

[0009] A first polarization sensitive structure is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate of the first polarization sensitive structure, and is used to further improve the impedance mismatch phenomenon of the high-frequency part of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle single-polarization tightly coupled antenna and the tightly coupled array under the condition of large scanning angles on the E plane and the H plane;

[0010] a second polarization sensitive structure dielectric substrate;

[0011] A second polarization sensitive structure is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate of the second polarization sensitive structure, and is used to improve the impedance mismatch phenomenon in the entire frequency band of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle single-polarization tightly coupled antenna and tightly coupled array under the condition of large scanning angles in the E plane and the H plane;

[0012] A third polarization sensitive structure is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate of the second polarization sensitive structure, and is used to improve the impedance mismatch phenomenon of the low-frequency part of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle single-polarization tightly coupled antenna and the tightly coupled array under the condition of large scanning angle of the H plane;

[0013] An isolation layer, disposed between the first polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate and the second polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate, and used for supporting and isolating the first polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate and the second polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate;

[0014] A wide-angle matching layer is arranged below the second polarization sensitive structure dielectric substrate; a slot structure for destroying the propagation of surface waves is arranged on the wide-angle matching layer.

[0015] The first polarization sensitive structure is a cross-shaped metal patch along the E-plane and H-plane directions of the antenna, and the width and length of the cross-shaped metal patch are different on the E-plane and H-plane. Due to its asymmetric structure along the E-plane and H-plane, it produces a smaller coupling capacitance on the E-plane, slowing down the process of its impedance decreasing with the increase of the E-plane scanning angle, and producing a larger equivalent capacitance on the H-plane, which has a good inhibitory effect on the characteristic that the impedance of the array increases with the increase of the H-plane scanning angle; for the E-plane and H-plane, in fact, the strip-shaped patches can adjust the equivalent capacitance they produce respectively (the long side arranged along the E-plane produces the H-plane direction, that is, the equivalent capacitance of the TE mode, and the long side arranged along the H-plane produces the E-plane, that is, the equivalent capacitance of the TM mode); the strip-shaped patches for adjusting the E-plane and the strip-shaped patches for adjusting the H-plane exist at the same time, orthogonal, that is, cross-shaped.

[0016] The second polarization sensitive structure is a double row of long strip metal patches arranged along the E-plane of the antenna. This layer of structure is mainly used to adjust the equivalent capacitance generated by the H-plane (so there is no adjustment of the strip patches on the E-plane and it is orthogonal to form a cross-shaped structure). Its number and size are both for adjusting the value of the equivalent capacitance. The double row is actually equivalent to the series connection of equivalent capacitors.

[0017] The third polarization sensitive structure is an "I"-shaped metal patch arranged along the H plane of the antenna. The I-shaped structure can be regarded as a strip patch arranged along the E plane with its long side, and the array element is connected by a metal strip arranged along the H plane. In this way, the structure is only used to increase the mutual coupling between adjacent array elements along the H plane direction, thereby improving the low-frequency end active standing wave under a large scanning angle of the H plane (one of the main influencing factors of the low-frequency end active standing wave is the mutual coupling between array elements, that is, the size of the equivalent coupling capacitor).

[0018] The present invention also provides an ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle single polarization low standing wave tightly coupled antenna, comprising:

[0019] Antenna unit; the antenna unit includes a radiating structure;

[0020] as well as

[0021] The polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure provided above; the polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure is arranged above the radiation structure of the antenna unit.

[0022] The antenna unit also includes a feeding structure and a metal ground. The polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure is placed above the antenna radiation structure as a whole, and is composed of a wide-angle matching layer, a polarization-sensitive structure, and a supporting structure. The polarization-sensitive structure has different layouts along the E-plane and H-plane directions of the array, which can produce different equivalent dielectric constants; the radiation structure includes a pair of conical radiation patches, a coupling patch, and a row of metallized short-circuit vias; the feeding structure is two short-circuit probes, which are responsible for connecting the conical radiation patch and the inner conductor of the coaxial line and the metal ground respectively; the metal ground is a metal plate with holes punched at corresponding positions to allow the probes connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial line to pass through.

[0023] The wide-angle matching layer is a perforated dielectric substrate, which is used to preliminarily improve the impedance matching performance of the antenna. The holes on the dielectric substrate can suppress the surface wave phenomenon on the dielectric substrate. The wide-angle matching layer is located between the radiation patch and the polarization sensitive structure.

[0024] The main body of the radiation structure is a pair of conical metal dipole patches, which achieve a certain impedance transformation capability through a gradually changing conical structure; one arm of the metal dipole patch is connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial feed cable through a short-circuit probe passing through a hole on the metal floor, and the other arm is directly connected to the metal floor through a short-circuit probe. In addition, there is a row of metal short-circuit probes on the radiation patch to eliminate common-mode resonance within the frequency band.

[0025] The feeding structure is two short-circuit probes, which are responsible for connecting the conical radiation patch and the inner conductor of the coaxial line and the metal ground respectively.

[0026] The metal ground is a metal plate with holes punched at corresponding positions to allow a probe connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial line to pass through, which plays a role in directional radiation of the array.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] The three polarization-sensitive structures used in the polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure of the present invention are periodic metal patches printed on a dielectric substrate, and the structure is asymmetric along the E-plane and H-plane of the antenna, and can produce different equivalent dielectric constants on the two planes. This optimized E-plane / H-plane asymmetric structure can produce a smaller equivalent dielectric constant on the E-plane where the characteristic impedance changes with the scanning angle θ by cosθ, so as to slow down the speed at which the characteristic impedance of the antenna changes beyond the optimal impedance matching point (50Ω) and thus deteriorates; for the H-plane where the characteristic impedance of the antenna changes with the scanning angle θ by 1 / cosθ, the polarization-sensitive structure used in the present invention can produce a larger equivalent dielectric constant, thereby significantly reducing the amplitude of the antenna characteristic impedance increasing with the scanning angle and reducing the speed at which the active standing wave deteriorates. After this treatment, lower active standing waves can be achieved at large scanning angles on both the E-plane and the H-plane.

[0029] The polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure can make the active standing wave ratio of the tightly coupled array less than 2.0 (corresponding to the return loss S11 less than -9dB) at a scanning angle of 0° to 60° along the E-plane and H-plane in the ultra-wideband range of 6GHz to 18GHz. In large-scale high-power phased arrays, ultra-wideband arrays with low return loss (low standing wave ratio) can ensure the safety of active devices and improve array gain, and have very broad application prospects. In addition, a row of grounded short-circuit probes is introduced into the tightly coupled radiating arm of the antenna to remove the common-mode resonance caused by the periodic arrangement of the vertical feeding structure, thereby ensuring the working bandwidth of the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna proposed by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is the first polarization sensitive structure of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit proposed by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is the second polarization sensitive structure of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit proposed by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 The third polarization sensitive structure of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit proposed by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a wide-angle matching layer of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit proposed by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 A top view of the radiation structure and feeding structure of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit proposed in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 The bottom view of the radiation structure and feeding structure of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit proposed by the present invention;

[0039] Fig. 9 The metal ground of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit proposed by the present invention;

[0040] Fig.10 The active standing wave ratio curve of the present invention at the scanning angles of 0°, 45°, 60° and 70° on the E plane;

[0041] Fig.11 The active standing wave ratio curve of the present invention at the scanning angles of 0°, 45°, 60° and 70° on the H plane;

[0042] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the array structure of a 12×12 array (with 8×8 array elements excited at the center) composed of tightly coupled antenna units proposed in the present invention;

[0043] Fig.13 This is the normal radiation pattern of the 12×12 (center 8×8 array element excitation) tightly coupled array proposed in the present invention at 6 GHz, 9 GHz, 12 GHz, 15 GHz and 18 GHz frequencies.

[0044] Reference numerals:

[0045] 1-first polarization-sensitive structure; 2-first polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate; 3-PMI supporting material; 4-second polarization-sensitive structure; 5-second polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate; 6-third polarization-sensitive structure; 7-first dielectric substrate bonding layer; 8-wide-angle matching layer; 9-second dielectric substrate bonding layer; 10-PMI-filled cylinder; 11-conical radiation patch; 12-metallized short-circuit via row; 13-feed metallized via; 14-ground metallized via; 15-coupling metal patch; 16-third dielectric substrate bonding layer; 17-radiation structure supporting dielectric substrate; 18-fourth dielectric substrate bonding layer; 19-metal ground. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0047] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should have the common meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention belongs.

[0048] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "up", "down", "front", "back", "X-axis", "Y-axis", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0049] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined;

[0050] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", "direct plug" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0051] like Figure 1As shown, a schematic diagram of a polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure of an ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit provided by the present invention includes a first polarization-sensitive structure 1, and the first polarization-sensitive structure 1 is printed on a first polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate 2, and the first polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate 2 and the second polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate 5 are supported and isolated by a PMI support material 3. The second polarization-sensitive structure 4 and the third polarization-sensitive structure 6 are respectively printed on the upper and lower sides of the second polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate 5. The second polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate 5 and the wide-angle matching layer 8 are combined by the first dielectric substrate adhesive layer 7. There is a hole in the middle of the wide-angle matching layer 8 to destroy the propagation of surface waves, and PMI filling cylinders 10 are used to fill some of the holes. The above-mentioned polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure is bonded to the radiation structure below through the second dielectric substrate adhesive layer 9.

[0052] The second polarization sensitive structure 4 and the third polarization sensitive structure 6 are respectively printed on the upper and lower sides of the second polarization sensitive structure dielectric substrate 5 for the purpose of reducing cost and thickness, but the second polarization sensitive structure 4 and the third polarization sensitive structure 6 can also be respectively printed on one polarization sensitive structure dielectric substrate.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides a first polarization-sensitive structure 1 of an ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit, the first polarization-sensitive structure 1 is printed on a first polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate 2; the first polarization-sensitive structure 1 is a rectangular patch along the E plane and a rectangular patch along the H plane placed orthogonally to form an asymmetric cross-shaped metal patch. The width and length of the cross-shaped metal patch on the E plane and the H plane are different. In one embodiment, there are four cross-shaped metal patches, and each cross-shaped metal patch has a rectangular patch length of 3 mm and a width of 0.1 mm along the E plane; and a rectangular patch length of 2.8 mm and a width of 0.4 mm along the H plane.

[0054] like Figure 4 As shown, the second polarization sensitive structure 4 of the ultra-wide bandwidth sweep angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit provided by the present invention is printed on the upper side of the second polarization sensitive structure substrate 5; the second polarization sensitive structure 4 is a double row of metal strips arranged along the H plane. In one embodiment, each row of metal strips has 10 rectangular patches, the patch size is 3mm×0.3mm, and the closest distance between the two rows of metal iron sheets is 0.1mm.

[0055] like Figure 5As shown, the third polarization sensitive structure 6 of the ultra-wide bandwidth sweep angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit provided by the present invention is printed on the lower side of the second polarization sensitive structure dielectric substrate 5; the third polarization sensitive structure 6 is an "I" shaped structure. In one embodiment, the two short-side rectangular metal patches of the "I" shape have a size of 3mm×0.2mm, and the middle long rectangular metal patch has a size of 7.1mm×0.2mm.

[0056] like Figure 6 As shown, the wide-angle matching layer 8 of the ultra-wide bandwidth sweep angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit provided by the present invention is a perforated dielectric substrate, which is used to preliminarily improve the impedance matching performance of the antenna. The holes on the dielectric substrate can suppress the surface wave phenomenon on the dielectric substrate. The wide-angle matching layer is located between the radiation patch and the polarization sensitive structure. The wide-angle matching layer 8 contains a plurality of evenly distributed holes to suppress the propagation of surface waves, and the hole portion with the dielectric substrate below is filled with a PMI filling cylinder 10 to avoid the backflow of the adhesive glue of the upper and lower adhesive layers.

[0057] like Figure 2 As shown, an ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit provided by the present invention includes a radiation structure, a feeding structure and a metal ground.

[0058] The main body of the radiation structure is a pair of conical metal dipole patches, which achieve a certain impedance transformation capability through a gradual conical structure; one arm of the metal dipole patch is connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial feed cable through a short-circuit probe through a hole on the metal floor, and the other arm is directly connected to the metal floor through a short-circuit probe. In addition, there is a row of metal short-circuit probes on the radiation patch to eliminate common mode resonance within the frequency band. The ground arm of the conical metal dipole patch is connected along the H-plane direction.

[0059] The radiation structure includes a conical radiation patch 11 and a coupling metal patch 15. The conical radiation patch 11 is printed on a radiation structure supporting dielectric substrate 17. There is a metallized short-circuit via row 12 on the grounded side of the conical radiation patch 11 to move the common mode resonance out of the high frequency band. There is a coupling metal patch 15 below the conical radiation patch 11 to increase the equivalent capacitance between adjacent array elements. Due to the thickness of the material, the radiation structure supporting dielectric substrate 17 is divided into three layers of dielectric substrates with the same material, which are bonded by a third dielectric substrate adhesive layer 16 and a fourth dielectric substrate adhesive layer 18. The feeding side of the conical radiation patch 11 is connected to the connector feeding inner conductor through the feeding metallized via 13, and the grounding side is connected to the metal ground 19 through the grounding metallized via 14.

[0060] The feeding structure consists of two short-circuit probes, which are responsible for connecting the conical radiation patch and the inner conductor of the coaxial line and the metal ground respectively.

[0061] The metal ground is a metal plate with holes punched at corresponding positions to allow the probe connected to the conductor inside the coaxial line to pass through, which plays a role in directional radiation of the array.

[0062] like Figure 7 As shown, a top view of the radiation structure and feeding structure of an ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit provided by the present invention includes a conical radiation patch 11, a metallized short-circuit via row 12, a feeding metallized via 13 and a grounding metallized via 14, the feeding arm of the conical radiation patch 11 is connected to the feeding metallized via 13, and one side of the grounding arm of the conical radiation patch 11 is connected to the metallized short-circuit via row 12 and the grounding metallized via 14, which plays a role in suppressing in-band common mode resonance.

[0063] like Figure 8 As shown, a bottom view of the radiation structure and feeding structure of an ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit provided by the present invention includes a metallized short-circuit via row 12, a feeding metallized via 13, a grounding metallized via 14 and a coupling metal patch 15; the coupling metal patch 15 is a rectangular metal patch with a size of 2.1mm×0.8mm, and is located below the conical radiation patch 11 of the adjacent unit.

[0064] like Fig. 9 As shown, the metal ground 19 of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit provided by the present invention has a hole dug thereon for the feeding metallized via 13 to pass through and connect to the inner conductor of the connector.

[0065] Fig.10 The active standing wave ratio curves of the present invention at scanning angles of 0°, 45°, 60°, and 70° on the E plane. When the scanning angle range of the E plane is 0° to 60°, the active standing wave ratio of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna proposed by the present invention can be maintained below 1.9; when scanning to 70° on the E plane, the active standing wave ratio of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna proposed by the present invention can also be maintained below 2.7, which is better than the performance of the existing ultra-wideband tightly coupled array.

[0066] Fig.11 The active standing wave ratio curves of the present invention at the scanning angles of 0°, 45°, 60°, and 70° on the H plane. When the H plane scanning angle range is 0° to 60°, the active standing wave ratio of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna proposed by the present invention can be maintained below 1.9; when scanning to 70° on the H plane, the active standing wave ratio of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna proposed by the present invention can also be maintained below 2.7, which is better than the existing ultra-wideband tightly coupled array performance.

[0067] Fig.12This is a schematic diagram of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna array proposed in the present invention. As an illustration, this array uses 12×12 array elements, of which the central 8×8 array elements are excited, and the two rows / columns of array elements at each edge are used as dummy elements to suppress edge truncation effects.

[0068] Fig.13 This is the normal radiation pattern of the ultra-wide bandwidth sweep angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna array proposed in the present invention at 6 GHz, 9 GHz, 12 GHz, 15 GHz and 18 GHz frequency points.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the corresponding technical solutions to essentially deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. Polarization sensitive wide angle matching structure, characterized in that: include: a first polarization sensitive structure dielectric substrate; A first polarization sensitive structure is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate of the first polarization sensitive structure, and is used to further improve the impedance mismatch phenomenon of the high-frequency part of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle single-polarization tightly coupled antenna and the tightly coupled array under the condition of large scanning angles on the E plane and the H plane; a second polarization sensitive structure dielectric substrate; A second polarization sensitive structure is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate of the second polarization sensitive structure, and is used to improve the impedance mismatch phenomenon in the entire frequency band of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle single-polarization tightly coupled antenna and tightly coupled array under the condition of large scanning angles in the E plane and the H plane; A third polarization sensitive structure is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate of the second polarization sensitive structure, and is used to improve the impedance mismatch phenomenon of the low-frequency part of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle single-polarization tightly coupled antenna and the tightly coupled array under the condition of large scanning angle of the H plane; An isolation layer, disposed between the first polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate and the second polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate, and used for supporting and isolating the first polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate and the second polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate; A wide-angle matching layer is disposed below the second polarization sensitive structure dielectric substrate; A slot structure for destroying the propagation of surface waves is arranged on the wide-angle matching layer.

2. The polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first polarization sensitive structure is a cross-shaped metal patch along the E-plane and H-plane directions of the antenna, and the width and length of the cross-shaped metal patch on the E-plane and the H-plane are different.

3. The polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second polarization sensitive structure is a double row of long strip metal patches arranged along the E surface of the antenna.

4. The polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third polarization sensitive structure is an "I"-shaped metal patch arranged along the H-plane of the antenna.

5. The polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The slot structure disposed on the wide-angle matching layer to destroy the propagation of surface waves includes a central hole.

6. The polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The slot structure arranged on the wide-angle matching layer for destroying the propagation of surface waves also includes a slot located on the outer side of the wide-angle matching layer.

7. The polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The wide-angle matching layer is rectangular, and the grooves located on the outer side of the wide-angle matching layer include quarter-circular grooves located at the four corners of the rectangular wide-angle matching layer and half-circular grooves located at the side.

8. The polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The isolation layer is PMI foam.

9. An ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle single polarization low standing wave tightly coupled antenna, characterized in that it includes: Antenna unit; The antenna unit comprises a radiating structure; The polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8; The polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure is arranged above the radiation structure of the antenna unit.

10. The ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle single-polarization low standing wave tightly coupled antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that the antenna unit also includes a feeding structure and a metal ground.

Images