Waveguide type Ka frequency band horn antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a waveguide type Ka frequency band horn antenna which comprises a straight waveguide section, a feed section, a rear feed cover and an antenna electric connector. The straight waveguide section is internally provided with a rectangular waveguide cavity of a ridgeless structure, and a matching surface of the straight waveguide section and the feed section is locally slotted; a feed structure is designed in the feed section, the feed structure is a multi-layer step, and the matching surface of the feed structure and the straight waveguide section locally protrudes; the straight waveguide section and the feed section are combined through a fastener, and blind hole positioning pin holes are formed in the matched end surfaces of the two sections; the groove of the straight waveguide section is in close fit with the protruding structure of the feed section; the rear feed cover partially protrudes, and the protruding structure is in close fit with the feed section cavity; the antenna electric connector is fixed through double holes, and a fastener penetrates through the through holes of the rear feed cover and the antenna electric connector to fix the rear feed cover and the antenna electric connector on the feed section at the same time. According to the scheme provided by the invention, the design requirement of the antenna cavity can be effectively ensured, the overall manufacturing difficulty is low, and the manufacturability is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of antenna structures, and in particular to a waveguide type Ka-band horn antenna. Background Art

[0002] Ka-band rectangular horn antennas are widely used in electronic warfare interferometer array equipment because of their good radiation characteristics, strong anti-interference ability, and high amplitude and phase consistency. Since the antenna is a typical mechatronics product, its electrical performance characteristics are closely related to the structural design and processing technology. Reasonable structural design and processing technology can not only effectively guarantee the electrical performance of the antenna, but also reduce the manufacturing difficulty and processing costs. In the existing literature, there are many studies on the electrical performance design of millimeter wave frequency band antennas, and the structural introduction is only a simple schematic diagram, lacking detailed structural design.

[0003] The currently disclosed patent CN113904128A involves a millimeter-wave frequency band rectangular horn antenna substructure and an N-element antenna array, which mainly introduces the structural design and manufacturing of a compact millimeter-wave frequency band rectangular horn antenna array. The ridge covers and ridge boxes of adjacent unit horns are used to form a back-to-back structure. Adjacent unit horns share a cavity wall to solve the problem of thin horn mouth wall thickness when the unit spacing is small, thereby realizing the array of any number of unit antennas. However, the structural form of this patent is suitable for array horn antennas. For waveguide millimeter-wave horn antennas, this structural form has a greater impact on the performance of the antenna and is not conducive to the processing of the feeding unit; the patent CN101662072B involves a millimeter-wave rectangular-circular transition integrated corrugated horn antenna and its processing method. The horn antenna is formed by integrated electroplating. The processing method has a high technical threshold, and the material is generally electrolytic copper, which is not conducive to the lightweight design of the antenna. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a waveguide-type Ka-band horn antenna, which can be used to solve the technical problems of current antennas.

[0005] The present application provides a waveguide type Ka-band horn antenna, which includes a straight waveguide section, a feeding section, a rear feeding cover and an antenna electrical connector from one end to the other end;

[0006] The straight waveguide section, feeding section, rear feeding cover and antenna electrical connector are installed in the form of tile stacking; the mating surfaces between the straight waveguide section and the feeding section, and between the feeding section and the rear feeding cover are all stopper structures; the straight waveguide section and the feeding section are positioned by cylindrical pins.

[0007] Furthermore, the interior of the straight waveguide section is a rectangular waveguide cavity with a ridgeless structure, and the cavity is manufactured by wire cutting, and a local groove is formed on the mating surface with the feeding section.

[0008] Furthermore, a feeding structure is designed inside the feeding section. The feeding structure is a multi-layer step. Slow-wire cutting is used to achieve the peripheral molding of the cavity, and the mating surface with the straight waveguide section is partially protruded.

[0009] Furthermore, the straight waveguide section and the feeding section are combined by fasteners, and blind hole positioning pin holes are designed on the mating end faces of the two. The depth of the groove on the end face of the straight waveguide section is lower than the height of the boss of the feeding section; the height difference between the two ends ranges from 0.02mm to 0.05mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the groove of the straight waveguide section closely matches the protruding structure of the feeding section, and the depth of the groove of the straight waveguide section is slightly smaller than the height of the protrusion of the feeding section.

[0011] Furthermore, the rear feed cover partially protrudes, and the protruding structure is tightly matched with the feed section cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the antenna connector is fixed by double holes, and the fastener passes through the through holes of the rear feed cover and the antenna electrical connector to fix both of them on the feed section at the same time.

[0013] Furthermore, there are two ways to connect the pin of the antenna electrical connector to the feed section port: if the size of the feed structure allows, the feed section port hole adopts a threaded design and is connected by a spiral; if the size of the feed structure is small, the feed section port hole adopts an axial hole interference fit connection.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0015] (1) The waveguide antenna is split into multiple independent units that are easy to process in the depth direction, which reduces the manufacturing difficulty and effectively guarantees the design requirements of the antenna cavity. It is particularly suitable for the design and manufacture of small-size, high-precision waveguide Ka-band horn antennas.

[0016] (2) Each independent unit of the waveguide antenna has good manufacturing processability and high processing precision. The overall assembly is simple and reliable, and the electrical performance of the antenna is easy to ensure.

[0017] (3) All unit mating surfaces of the waveguide antenna adopt a stopper structure, which increases the signal passage path and reduces the impact of the splicing gap on the electrical performance of the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is one of the structural diagrams of a waveguide type Ka-band horn antenna;

[0019] Figure 2 This is the second structural diagram of a waveguide type Ka-band horn antenna;

[0020] Figure 3 It is an exploded diagram of the structure of a waveguide type Ka-band horn antenna;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the structure of a waveguide type Ka-band horn antenna;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a straight waveguide section;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding section;

[0024] Figure 7 Cross-sectional view of the feed section;

[0025] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the rear feed cover structure;

[0026] Among them: 1-straight waveguide section; 2-feeding section; 3-rear feeding cover; 4-antenna electrical connector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the implementation methods of the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0028] The following first introduces the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 As shown, a waveguide type Ka-band horn antenna comprises a straight waveguide section 1, a feeding section 2, a rear feeding cover 3 and an antenna electrical connector 4; the interior of the straight waveguide section 1 is a rectangular waveguide cavity with a ridgeless structure, and a local groove is opened on the mating surface with the feeding section 2; a feeding structure is designed inside the feeding section 2, and the feeding structure is a multi-layer step, and a local protrusion is formed on the mating surface with the straight waveguide section 1; the straight waveguide section 1 and the feeding section 2 are combined by fasteners, and blind hole positioning pin holes are designed on the mating end faces of the two; the groove of the straight waveguide section 1 is tightly matched with the protruding structure of the feeding section 2; the rear feeding cover 3 is partially protruded, and the protruding structure is tightly matched with the cavity of the feeding section 3; the antenna electrical connector 4 is fixed with two holes, and the fasteners pass through the through holes of the rear feeding cover 3 and the antenna electrical connector 4 to fix both of them on the feeding section 3 at the same time. The waveguide antenna of the present invention is split into multiple easy-to-process independent units in the depth direction, which reduces the manufacturing difficulty and effectively guarantees the design requirements of the antenna cavity. It is particularly suitable for the design and manufacture of small-size, high-precision horn antennas in the waveguide Ka band.

[0030] In a further embodiment, Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the interior of the straight waveguide section 1 is a rectangular waveguide cavity with a ridgeless structure, and the cavity is processed by wire cutting to ensure that the processing accuracy and surface finish of the cavity meet product requirements; a groove is locally designed on the mating end faces of the straight waveguide section 1 and the feeding section 2, and the depth of the end face groove of the straight waveguide section 1 is slightly lower than the height of the boss of the feeding section 2 by 0.02mm to 0.05mm, to ensure that there is no gap between the end faces of the straight waveguide section 1 and the feeding section 2, thereby reducing the influence of the joint on the electrical performance of the antenna.

[0031] In a further embodiment, Figure 4 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 As shown, the main feeding structures of the waveguide antenna are designed on the feeding section 2. The feeding of the waveguide antenna adopts a multi-layer step structure, and the periphery of the cavity of the feeding section 2 is formed by wire cutting. The feeding structure is close to the end faces on both sides, and the feeding structure can be processed by a tool with a diameter of φ1mm or less, with low manufacturing difficulty and high processing accuracy. The mating end faces of the feeding section 2 and the straight waveguide section 1 are partially protruded, and the shape of the boss corresponds to the shape of the groove of the straight waveguide section 1, and the shapes of the two are clearance-matched.

[0032] In a further embodiment, Figure 3 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 8 As shown, the straight waveguide section 1, the feeding section 2, the rear feeding cover 3 and the antenna electrical connector 4 are assembled in sequence, and the installation method is like stacking tiles. The mating surfaces between the straight waveguide section 1 and the feeding section 2, and between the feeding section 2 and the rear feeding cover 3 are all stopper structures, which reduce the influence of the splicing gap on the electrical performance of the antenna by increasing the signal passing path; the straight waveguide section 1 and the feeding section 2 are positioned by cylindrical pins, and the feeding section 2 and the rear feeding cover 3 are positioned by stopper structures, and the assembly accuracy is high.

[0033] In a further embodiment, Figure 3 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 8 As shown, the antenna electrical connector 4 is fixed with two holes, and the fasteners pass through the through holes of the rear feed cover 3 and the antenna electrical connector 4 to fix both of them on the feed section 3 at the same time, making full use of the mounting holes on the structure, and the overall appearance is simple; the pin of the antenna electrical connector 4 and the port of the feed section 2 have two connection methods: a) when the size of the feeding structure allows, the port hole of the feed section 2 adopts a threaded design and is connected by a spiral; b) when the size of the feeding structure is small and the port hole of the feed section 2 cannot be designed with a threaded design, an axial hole interference fit connection is adopted.

[0034] In summary, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] The present application proposes a waveguide-type Ka-band horn antenna structure, which has structural typing in the depth direction and can effectively guarantee the design requirements of the antenna cavity. It has low overall manufacturing difficulty and good processability.

[0036] The above-described embodiments of the present application do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A waveguide type Ka-band horn antenna, characterized in that: The antenna comprises, from one end to the other end, a straight waveguide section (1), a feeding section (2), a rear feeding cover (3) and an antenna electrical connector (4); The straight waveguide section (1), the feed section (2), the rear feed cover (3) and the antenna electrical connector (4) are installed in the form of tile stacking; the mating surfaces between the straight waveguide section (1) and the feed section (2), and between the feed section (2) and the rear feed cover (3) are all stopper structures; and the straight waveguide section (1) and the feed section (2) are positioned by cylindrical pins.

2. A waveguide type Ka-band horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the straight waveguide section (1) is a rectangular waveguide cavity with a ridgeless structure. The cavity is manufactured by wire cutting, and a local groove is formed on the mating surface with the feeding section (2).

3. A waveguide type Ka-band horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding section (2) is internally designed with a feeding structure having multiple layers of steps. The cavity periphery is formed by slow-wire cutting, and the mating surface with the straight waveguide section (1) is partially protruding.

4. The waveguide type Ka-band horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straight waveguide section (1) and the feeding section (2) are combined by means of fasteners, and blind hole positioning pin holes are designed on the mating end faces of the two. The depth of the groove on the end face of the straight waveguide section (1) is lower than the height of the boss on the feeding section (2); the height difference between the two ends ranges from 0.02 mm to 0.05 mm.

5. The waveguide type Ka-band horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The groove of the straight waveguide section (1) is tightly matched with the protruding structure of the feeding section (2), and the depth of the groove of the straight waveguide section (1) is slightly smaller than the height of the protrusion of the feeding section (2).

6. The waveguide type Ka-band horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear feed cover (3) is partially protruding, and the protruding structure is tightly matched with the cavity of the feed section (3).

7. The waveguide type Ka-band horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna connector (4) is fixed by double holes, and the fasteners pass through the through holes of the rear feed cover (3) and the antenna electrical connector (4) to fix both of them on the feed section (3) at the same time.

8. The waveguide type Ka-band horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two ways to connect the pin of the antenna electrical connector (4) to the port of the feed section (2): if the size of the feed structure allows, the port hole of the feed section (2) adopts a threaded design and is connected by a screw; if the size of the feed structure is small, the port hole of the feed section (2) adopts an axial hole interference fit connection.

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