Rape transplanting method and transplanting device

Abstract

The rape transplanting device comprises a rack (10) and a working unit. The rack is used for moving along the ground. The working unit comprises a furrow opener (20), a fertilizing unit (30), a seedling transplanting unit (40), a spraying unit (50) and a soil covering unit (60) which are arranged on the rack. In the forward movement process of the rack, the furrow opener can open seedling planting furrows in the ground. The fertilizing unit is used for applying fertilizer into the seedling planting ditches in the forward movement process of the rack. The seedling transplanting unit is used for transplanting the rape seedlings into the seedling planting ditches after the fertilizer is applied in the forward movement process of the rack. The spraying unit is used for spraying final singling water to the rape seedlings moved into the seedling planting ditches in the forward movement process of the rack. The soil covering unit is used for covering soil on the seedling planting ditches sprayed with the final singling water in the forward movement process of the rack. The transplanting device is beneficial to improving the survival rate of rape transplanting. In addition, the invention further provides a rape transplanting method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a rapeseed transplanting device and a transplanting method using the same. Background Art

[0002] In the process of rapeseed cultivation, the rapeseed transplanting method has the advantages of vigorous individual growth and high yield compared to direct seeding. In addition, it can also alleviate the contradiction of crop connection, strive for a longer growth period for two-season and three-season crops, and increase grain and oil production. At present, the transplanting device of rapeseed can only realize the functions of furrowing, transplanting seedlings and covering soil, and the transplanting survival rate is low. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rapeseed transplanting device which can improve the transplanting survival rate.

[0004] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for transplanting rapeseed, which can improve the transplant survival rate.

[0005] The present invention provides a rapeseed transplanting device, which includes a frame and a working unit. The frame is used to move along the ground. The working unit includes a furrow opener, a fertilizing unit, a seedling transplanting unit, a spraying unit and a soil covering unit arranged on the frame. In the process of the frame moving forward, the furrow opener can open a seedling planting furrow on the ground. The fertilizing unit is used to apply fertilizer into the seedling planting furrow in the process of the frame moving forward. The seedling transplanting unit is used to move the rapeseed seedlings into the seedling planting furrow after the fertilizer is applied in the process of the frame moving forward. The spraying unit is used to spray the rapeseed seedlings moved into the seedling planting furrow with seedling water in the process of the frame moving forward. The soil covering unit is used to cover the seedling planting furrow with soil after the seedling water is sprayed in the process of the frame moving forward.

[0006] The transplanting device can apply fertilizer into the seedling planting ditch before the rapeseed seedlings are moved into the seedling planting ditch, and spray seedling water on the rapeseed seedlings after the rapeseed seedlings are moved into the seedling planting ditch, thereby facilitating the improvement of the survival rate of rapeseed transplanting.

[0007] In another exemplary embodiment of the rapeseed transplanting device, the fertilization unit includes a silo, a star-shaped discharger and a feed pipe. The silo is used to store fertilizer and has a discharge port at the bottom. The star-shaped discharger is arranged at the discharge port of the silo. The inlet end of the feed pipe is connected to the star-shaped discharger. The outlet end of the feed pipe is located at the rear side of the furrow opener.

[0008] In another exemplary embodiment of the rapeseed transplanting device, the seedling transplanting unit is a blanket seedling transplanter or a large pot seedling transplanter. The seedling transplanting unit is arranged so that its seedling placement position is located at the rear side of the outlet end of the feeding pipe.

[0009] In another exemplary embodiment of the transplanting device for rapeseed, the spraying unit includes a seedling water storage box, a nozzle, a pipeline, a fluid pump and a valve. The seedling water storage box is used to hold seedling water. The nozzle is used to spray the seedling water. The nozzle is located at the rear side of the seedling placement position. The two ends of the pipeline are respectively connected to the seedling water storage box and the nozzle. The fluid pump is arranged in the pipeline to drive the seedling water from the seedling water storage box to the nozzle. The valve is arranged in the pipeline.

[0010] In another exemplary embodiment of the transplanting device for rapeseed, the transplanting device also includes a satellite navigation and positioning system receiver and a control module. The satellite navigation and positioning system receiver can measure the real-time position of the transplanting device in combination with the satellite navigation and positioning system. The control module signals connect the satellite navigation and positioning system receiver, the star-shaped unloader, the transplanting unit, the fluid pump and the valve. The control module can calculate the moving speed of the transplanting device according to the real-time position of the transplanting device, and control the star-shaped unloader, the transplanting unit, the fluid pump and the valve according to the moving speed.

[0011] In another exemplary embodiment of the rapeseed transplanting device, the spraying unit is arranged so that its spraying area on the ground is circular and has a radius of 20 cm to 30 cm.

[0012] The present invention also provides a rapeseed transplanting method, which uses the above-mentioned transplanting device to transplant rapeseed, so as to apply fertilizer and spray seedling water during the rapeseed transplanting process. The transplanting method can apply fertilizer into the seedling planting ditch before the rapeseed seedlings are moved into the seedling planting ditch, and spray seedling water on the rapeseed seedlings after the rapeseed seedlings are moved into the seedling planting ditch. This is conducive to improving the survival rate of rapeseed transplanting.

[0013] In another exemplary embodiment of the transplanting method of rapeseed, glycerol is contained in the seedling water. If the rainfall in the five days before transplanting is less than or equal to 20 mm, the concentration of glycerol in the seedling water is 150 mg / kg to 200 mg / kg, and the spraying amount of the seedling water is 200 kg / mu to 600 kg / mu. If the rainfall in the five days before transplanting is greater than 20 mm, the concentration of glycerol in the seedling water is 180 mg / kg to 260 mg / kg, and the spraying amount of the seedling water is 50 kg / mu to 300 kg / mu.

[0014] In another exemplary embodiment of the transplanting method of rapeseed, the seedling water contains fulvic acid and phosphoric acid. If the rainfall in the five days before transplanting is less than or equal to 20 mm, the concentration of fulvic acid in the seedling water is 180 mg / kg to 220 mg / kg, and the concentration of phosphoric acid is 100 mg / kg to 120 mg / kg. If the rainfall in the five days before transplanting is greater than 20 mm, the concentration of fulvic acid in the seedling water is 216 mg / kg to 286 mg / kg, and the concentration of phosphoric acid is 120 mg / kg to 156 mg / kg.

[0015] In another exemplary embodiment of the transplanting method of rapeseed, the seedling water contains boron fertilizer. The boron fertilizer is selected from one or a combination of borax and boric acid. If the rainfall in the first 5 days before transplanting is less than or equal to 20 mm, the concentration of the boron fertilizer in the seedling water is 0.1 mg / kg to 1 mg / kg. If the rainfall in the first 5 days before transplanting is greater than 20 mm, the concentration of the boron fertilizer in the seedling water is 0.12 mg / kg to 1.3 mg / kg.

[0016] In another exemplary embodiment of the rapeseed transplanting method, the fertilizer is a coated slow-release fertilizer and the nutrient content is N: P2O5: K2O = (25-30): (6-8): (18-22). In addition, when the soil total nitrogen content is ≥2.0 g / kg, the fertilizer amount is 30 kg / mu to 40 kg / mu, when the soil total nitrogen content is 2.0 g / kg> ≥1.5 g / kg, the fertilizer amount is 40 kg / mu to 50 kg / mu, when the soil total nitrogen content is 1.5 g / kg> ≥1.0 g / kg, the fertilizer amount is 50 kg / mu to 60 kg / mu, and when the soil total nitrogen content is <1.0 g / kg, the fertilizer amount is 60 kg / mu to 70 kg / mu. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The following drawings are only used to schematically illustrate and explain the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1 The present invention is a structural schematic diagram of a schematic implementation of a rapeseed transplanting device.

[0019] Description of symbols 10 Rack 20 Opener 30 Fertilization Units 31 Silo 32 Star discharger 33 Feeding tube 40 transplanting units 50 Spraying units 51 Seedling water storage tank 52 Nozzles 53 Pipe 54 Fluid Pump 55 Valve 60 Covering Units 70 Satellite navigation positioning system receiver 80 Control module P Seedling placement position. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the invention, the specific embodiments of the present invention are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings represent components with the same structure or similar structures but the same functions.

[0021] In this document, “exemplary” means “serving as an example, instance or illustration”, and any diagram or implementation described in this document as “exemplary” should not be interpreted as a more preferred or more advantageous technical solution.

[0022] In order to simplify the drawings, each figure only schematically shows the parts related to the present invention, which do not represent the actual structure of the product.

[0023] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a schematic implementation of a rapeseed transplanting device. Figure 1 As shown, the rapeseed transplanting device includes a frame 10 and a working unit. The frame 10 is used to move along the ground. The working unit includes a furrow opener 20, a fertilizing unit 30, a seedling transplanting unit 40, a spraying unit 50 and a soil covering unit 60 arranged on the frame 10.

[0024] In the process that the frame 10 moves forward, the furrow opener 20 can open a seedling planting furrow on the ground. Specifically, the furrow opener 20 is, for example, a disc-type furrow opener, but is not limited thereto. In other exemplary embodiments, the furrow opener 20 can also be, for example, a boot-type furrow opener, an arrow shovel-type furrow opener, or a vibrating furrow opener, etc.

[0025] The fertilization unit 30 is used to apply fertilizer into the seedling planting furrow during the forward movement of the frame 10. In this illustrative embodiment, the fertilization unit 30 includes a silo 31, a star-shaped discharger 32 and a feed pipe 33. The silo 31 is used to store fertilizer and has a discharge port at the bottom. The star-shaped discharger 32 is arranged at the discharge port of the silo 31. The inlet end (i.e., the upper end in the figure) of the feed pipe 33 is connected to the star-shaped discharger 32. The amount of fertilizer entering the feed pipe 33 from the silo 31 can be controlled by the star-shaped discharger 32, thereby controlling the amount of fertilizer applied. The outlet end (i.e., the lower end in the figure) of the feed pipe 33 is located at the rear side of the furrow opener 20.

[0026] The seedling transplanting unit 40 is used to move the rapeseed seedlings into the seedling planting ditch after the fertilizer is applied during the forward movement of the frame 10. The fertilizer is, for example, a coated slow-release fertilizer, but is not limited to this. The seedling transplanting unit 40 is, for example, a blanket seedling transplanter, but is not limited to this. In other exemplary embodiments, the seedling transplanting unit 40 may also be a large pot seedling transplanter. The seedling transplanting unit 40 is configured so that its seedling placement position P is located at the rear side of the outlet end of the feed pipe 33. The seedling placement position P refers to the position of the rapeseed seedling relative to the frame 10 when it leaves the seedling transplanting unit 40.

[0027] The spraying unit 50 is used to spray the rapeseed seedlings moved into the seedling planting ditch with seedling water when the frame 10 moves forward. The seedling water is, for example, an aqueous solution. The seedling water contains, for example, glycerol, components that absorb ammonia volatilized by fertilizers (such as fulvic acid and phosphoric acid), boron fertilizer, etc. The spraying method can cover the leaf surface of the rapeseed seedlings with a layer of seedling water. In addition, the seedling water flows along the leaves of the rapeseed seedlings to the roots, which is conducive to the gathering of the seedling water around the roots, thereby improving the utilization rate of the seedling water and the survival rate of the rapeseed seedlings.

[0028] In this illustrative embodiment, the spraying unit 50 includes a seedling water storage tank 51, a nozzle 52, a pipeline 53, a fluid pump 54 and a valve 55. The seedling water storage tank 51 is used to hold the seedling water. The nozzle 52 is used to spray the seedling water, and its spraying direction is, for example, vertically downward. The nozzle 52 is, for example, a pressure-type self-closing nozzle, but is not limited to this. The nozzle 52 is located at the rear side of the seedling placement position P. The two ends of the pipeline 53 are respectively connected to the seedling water storage tank 51 and the nozzle 52. The fluid pump 54 is arranged on the pipeline 53 to drive the seedling water from the seedling water storage tank 51 to the nozzle 52. The valve 55 is arranged on the pipeline 53. This makes it easy to control the spraying amount of the seedling water.

[0029] The soil covering unit 60 is used to cover the seedling planting furrow with soil after the seedling water is sprayed during the forward movement of the frame 10. In this exemplary embodiment, the soil covering unit 60 is, for example, a disc soil covering device, but is not limited thereto. In other exemplary embodiments, the soil covering unit 60 can also be a chain-type soil covering device, a scraper-type soil covering device, a spring-tooth soil covering device, or a wing-shovel soil covering device.

[0030] A furrowing disc of the disc furrowing device, an outlet end of a feed pipe 33 of the fertilizing unit 30, a seedling placement position P of the seedling transplanting unit 40, a nozzle 52 of the spraying unit 50 and a covering disc of the disc covering device form a working sequence, which are arranged in sequence from front to back along the longitudinal direction of the transplanting device (i.e., the direction of the double-headed arrow in the figure) to achieve the transplanting of a row of rapeseed during the forward movement of the frame 10. In an exemplary embodiment, the transplanting device can, for example, set several such working sequences side by side to achieve the synchronous transplanting of several rows of rapeseed at the same time.

[0031] The transplanting device can apply fertilizer into the seedling planting ditch before the rapeseed seedlings are moved into the seedling planting ditch, and spray seedling water on the rapeseed seedlings after the rapeseed seedlings are moved into the seedling planting ditch, thereby facilitating the improvement of the survival rate of rapeseed transplanting.

[0032] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 1As shown, the transplanting device also includes a satellite navigation positioning system receiver 70 and a control module 80. The satellite navigation positioning system receiver 70 can measure the real-time position of the transplanting device in combination with the satellite navigation positioning system. The control module 80 signal connects the satellite navigation positioning system receiver 70, the star-shaped unloader 32, the transplanting unit 40, the fluid pump 54 and the valve 55. The control module 80 can calculate the moving speed of the transplanting device according to the real-time position of the transplanting device, and control the star-shaped unloader 32, the transplanting unit 40, the fluid pump 54 and the valve 55 according to the moving speed, so that the fertilization speed, the transplanting speed, and the seedling water spraying speed are adapted to the moving speed of the transplanting device. This is conducive to more accurate control of the dosage.

[0033] In the exemplary embodiment, the spraying unit 50 is configured so that its spraying area on the ground is circular with a radius of 20 cm to 30 cm. This spraying range can completely cover the rapeseed seedlings and the fertilizer application area, which helps the components in the seedling water that absorb ammonia volatilized by the fertilizer to absorb the ammonia volatilized by the fertilizer, while avoiding the waste of seedling water caused by too large a range.

[0034] The present invention also provides a rapeseed transplanting method, which uses the above-mentioned transplanting device to transplant rapeseed, so as to apply fertilizer and spray seedling water during the rapeseed transplanting process. The transplanting method can apply fertilizer into the seedling planting ditch before the rapeseed seedlings are moved into the seedling planting ditch, and spray seedling water on the rapeseed seedlings after the rapeseed seedlings are moved into the seedling planting ditch. This is conducive to improving the survival rate of rapeseed transplanting.

[0035] In an exemplary embodiment, the seedling water is an aqueous solution containing glycerol. Glycerol can not only reduce the evaporation of water, but also has hygroscopicity and can absorb water from the air, thereby playing a moisturizing role. This is conducive to further improving the survival rate of rapeseed transplanting.

[0036] Specifically, if the rainfall in the five days before transplanting is less than or equal to 20 mm, the concentration of glycerol in the seedling water is 150 mg / kg to 200 mg / kg, and the spraying amount of the seedling water is 200 kg / mu to 600 kg / mu. If the rainfall in the five days before transplanting is greater than 20 mm, the concentration of glycerol in the seedling water is 180 mg / kg to 260 mg / kg, and the spraying amount of the seedling water is 50 kg / mu to 300 kg / mu.

[0037] In an illustrative embodiment, the seedling water is an aqueous solution containing a component that absorbs ammonia volatilized by fertilizers. The component that absorbs ammonia volatilized by fertilizers helps to absorb ammonia volatilized by fertilizers. The components that absorb ammonia volatilized by fertilizers are, for example, fulvic acid and phosphoric acid. Fulvic acid is an organic acid, and phosphoric acid is an inorganic acid. The ammonia absorbed by fulvic acid is more tightly combined with the organic acid, is not easy to lose, and can be released continuously. After phosphoric acid is combined with ammonia, it is easily released under the influence of the environment, which is convenient for crops to absorb and utilize. This is conducive to further improving the survival rate of rapeseed transplanting.

[0038] Specifically, if the rainfall in the five days before transplanting is less than or equal to 20 mm, the concentration of fulvic acid in the water for transplanting is 180 mg / kg to 220 mg / kg, and the concentration of phosphoric acid is 100 mg / kg to 120 mg / kg. If the rainfall in the five days before transplanting is greater than 20 mm, the concentration of fulvic acid in the water for transplanting is 216 mg / kg to 286 mg / kg, and the concentration of phosphoric acid is 120 mg / kg to 156 mg / kg.

[0039] In an exemplary embodiment, the seedling water is an aqueous solution containing boron fertilizer. The boron fertilizer is selected from one or a combination of borax and boric acid. The boron fertilizer can supplement the boron element for rapeseed, and the supplementation of boron element is conducive to avoiding the symptom of blooming without fruiting caused by boron deficiency.

[0040] Specifically, if the rainfall in the five days before transplanting is less than or equal to 20 mm, the concentration of boron fertilizer in the water for transplanting is 0.1 mg / kg to 1 mg / kg. If the rainfall in the five days before transplanting is greater than 20 mm, the concentration of boron fertilizer in the water for transplanting is 0.12 mg / kg to 1.3 mg / kg.

[0041] In an illustrative embodiment, the fertilizer is a coated slow-release fertilizer and the nutrient content is N: P2O5: K2O = (25-30): (6-8): (18-22). Moreover, when the total nitrogen content of the soil is ≥2.0 g / kg, the amount of fertilizer applied is 30 kg / mu to 40 kg / mu, when the total nitrogen content of the soil is 2.0 g / kg> ≥1.5 g / kg, the amount of fertilizer applied is 40 kg / mu to 50 kg / mu, when the total nitrogen content of the soil is 1.5 g / kg> ≥1.0 g / kg, the amount of fertilizer applied is 50 kg / mu to 60 kg / mu, and when the total nitrogen content of the soil is <1.0 g / kg, the amount of fertilizer applied is 60 kg / mu to 70 kg / mu. Adjusting the amount of fertilizer applied according to the total nitrogen content of the soil is conducive to improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer.

[0042] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0043] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent implementation scheme or changes that do not deviate from the technical spirit of the present invention, such as combination, division or repetition of features, should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapeseed transplanting device, characterized in that: include: a frame (10) adapted to move along the ground; and A working unit, comprising: A furrow opener (20), which can open a seedling planting furrow on the ground during the forward movement of the frame (10). A fertilizing unit (30) is used to apply fertilizer into the seedling planting trench during the forward movement of the frame (10). A seedling transplanting unit (40) is used to transplant the rapeseed seedlings into the seedling planting furrow after the fertilizer is applied during the forward movement of the frame (10). a spraying unit (50) for spraying seedling water on the rapeseed seedlings moved into the seedling planting furrows during the forward movement of the frame (10); and A soil covering unit (60) is used to cover the seedling planting furrow with soil after the seedling water is sprayed during the forward movement of the frame (10).

2. The rapeseed transplanting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilization unit (30) comprises: A silo (31) for storing fertilizer and having a discharge port at the bottom; a star-shaped discharger (32), which is arranged at the discharge port of the silo (31); and A feed pipe (33) has an inlet end connected to the star-shaped discharger (32), and an outlet end of the feed pipe (33) is located at the rear side of the furrow opener (20).

3. The rapeseed transplanting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The seedling transplanting unit (40) is a blanket seedling transplanting machine or a large pot seedling transplanting machine, and the seedling transplanting unit (40) is arranged so that its seedling placing position (P) is located at the rear side of the outlet end of the feeding pipe (33).

4. The rapeseed transplanting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spraying unit (50) comprises: A seedling water storage box (51) for storing seedling water; A spray head (52) for spraying water for seedling placement, wherein the spray head (52) is located at the rear side of the seedling placement position (P); A pipeline (53), two ends of which are respectively connected to the seedling water storage box (51) and the nozzle (52); a fluid pump (54), which is arranged in the pipeline (53) to drive the seedling water to flow from the seedling water storage box (51) to the nozzle (52); and A valve (55) is provided on the pipeline (53).

5. The rapeseed transplanting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transplanting device also includes: A satellite navigation and positioning system receiver (70), which can measure the real-time position of the transplanting device in combination with a satellite navigation and positioning system; and A control module (80) whose signal is connected to the satellite navigation positioning system receiver (70), the star-shaped discharger (32), the seedling transplanting unit (40), the fluid pump (54) and the valve (55); the control module (80) is capable of calculating the moving speed of the transplanting device according to the real-time position of the transplanting device, and controlling the star-shaped discharger (32), the seedling transplanting unit (40), the fluid pump (54) and the valve (55) according to the moving speed.

6. The rapeseed transplanting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray unit (50) is arranged so that its spraying area on the ground is circular with a radius of 20 cm to 30 cm.

7. A method for transplanting rapeseed, characterized in that: The transplanting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used to transplant rapeseed, so as to apply fertilizer and spray water for seedling establishment during the transplanting process of rapeseed.

8. The method for transplanting rapeseed according to claim 7, characterized in that: The seedling water contains glycerol. If the rainfall in the five days before transplanting is less than or equal to 20 mm, the concentration of glycerol in the seedling water is 150 mg / kg to 200 mg / kg, and the spraying amount of the seedling water is 200 kg / mu to 600 kg / mu; if the rainfall in the five days before transplanting is greater than 20 mm, the concentration of glycerol in the seedling water is 180 mg / kg to 260 mg / kg, and the spraying amount of the seedling water is 50 kg / mu to 300 kg / mu; and / or The seedling water contains fulvic acid and phosphoric acid. If the rainfall in the five days before transplanting is less than or equal to 20 mm, the concentration of fulvic acid in the seedling water is 180 mg / kg to 220 mg / kg, and the concentration of phosphoric acid is 100 mg / kg to 120 mg / kg; if the rainfall in the five days before transplanting is greater than 20 mm, the concentration of fulvic acid in the seedling water is 216 mg / kg to 286 mg / kg, and the concentration of phosphoric acid is 120 mg / kg to 156 mg / kg; and / or The seedling water contains boron fertilizer, which is selected from one or a combination of borax and boric acid. If the rainfall in the five days before transplanting is less than or equal to 20 mm, the concentration of the boron fertilizer in the seedling water is 0.1 mg / kg to 1 mg / kg. If the rainfall in the five days before transplanting is greater than 20 mm, the concentration of the boron fertilizer in the seedling water is 0.12 mg / kg to 1.3 mg / kg.

9. The method for transplanting rapeseed according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fertilizer is a coated slow-release fertilizer and has a nutrient content of N:P2O5:K2O=(25-30):(6-8):(18-22); and, When the total nitrogen content in the soil is ≥2.0g / kg, the fertilizer application rate is 30kg / mu to 40kg / mu. When the total nitrogen content in the soil is 2.0g / kg or more than 1.5g / kg, the fertilizer application rate is 40kg / mu to 50kg / mu. When the total nitrogen content in the soil is 1.5g / kg or more than 1.0g / kg, the fertilizer application rate is 50kg / mu to 60kg / mu. When the total nitrogen content in the soil is less than 1.0g / kg, the amount of fertilizer applied is 60kg / mu to 70kg / mu.

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