Automatic machining lathe

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lathes, in particular to an automatic machining lathe which comprises a lathe body, a clamping rotating unit and a turning unit are arranged on the lathe body, the automatic machining lathe further comprises a material changing unit, the material changing unit comprises a gear motor, and a connecting frame is arranged on an output shaft of the gear motor; three groups of mounting seats are arranged on the connecting frame, and turntables are arranged on the mounting seats; a fixed cylinder is arranged on the rotating disc, and a plurality of abutting assemblies are arranged on the fixed cylinder; the lathe body is provided with a feeding area, a machining area and a discharging area. A first conveying belt is arranged at the feeding area; a second conveying belt is arranged in the discharging area. The first conveying belt is used for sequentially conveying and sleeving a plurality of workpieces on the fixing barrel, so that the clamping and rotating unit can clamp the workpieces on the fixing barrel and drive all the workpieces to rotate, the turning unit turns the multiple workpieces which rotate in sequence, and the second conveying belt sequentially conveys and discharges the machined workpieces. The machining efficiency of the workpiece can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of lathes, and in particular to an automatic machining lathe. Background Art

[0002] A lathe is a machine tool that mainly uses a turning tool to perform turning processing on rotating workpieces.

[0003] At present, in the external cylindrical turning process of cylindrical metal workpieces, it is necessary to first load the workpiece onto the fixture of the lathe, then clamp the workpiece by the fixture, and then drive the fixture and the workpiece to rotate by a motor, and then use the turning tool to turn the rotating workpiece, and then unload the processed workpiece.

[0004] With respect to the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventors found the following defects: although the current lathes can complete automatic or semi-automatic processing of workpieces, the lathes can only process one workpiece at a time, that is, each workpiece needs to be unloaded from the previous workpiece, loaded with the current workpiece, and the turning tool needs to be advanced and retracted before processing. The entire material changing process takes a long time, affecting the processing efficiency of the workpiece, and therefore needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the processing efficiency of workpieces, the present application provides an automatic processing lathe.

[0006] The present application provides an automatic machining lathe, which adopts the following technical solution: an automatic machining lathe, comprising a lathe body, on which a clamping and rotating unit and a turning unit are provided, and a material changing unit, which comprises a reduction motor provided on the lathe body, and a connecting frame is provided on the output shaft of the reduction motor; The connecting frame is provided with three sets of mounting seats which are arranged circumferentially around the output shaft axis of the reduction motor, and the mounting seats are provided with a turntable which rotates around its own axis and is connected to the mounting seats; The turntable is provided with a horizontally arranged fixing cylinder for slidingly sleeve multiple workpieces in sequence, the fixing cylinder and the turntable are arranged coaxially, and the fixing cylinder is provided with a plurality of tightening components for tightening and fixing the workpieces; The main body of the lathe is provided with a loading area, a processing area and a unloading area for the turntable to pass through in sequence. The three turntables are respectively arranged in the loading area, the processing area and the unloading area; The clamping and rotating unit and the turning unit are located in the processing area. The clamping and rotating unit is used to clamp the workpieces on the fixed cylinder and drive all the workpieces to rotate, and the turning unit is used to turn multiple rotating workpieces. A first conveyor belt is provided at the loading area, and the first conveyor belt is used to sequentially convey a plurality of workpieces and sleeve them on the fixed cylinder, and make the workpiece at the front side contact the surface of the turntable; The unloading area is provided with a second conveyor belt, and the second conveyor belt is used to convey the workpiece on the fixed cylinder to be separated from the fixed cylinder.

[0007] Optionally, the clamping and rotating unit comprises a driving motor and a hydraulic cylinder arranged on the lathe body, the output shaft of the driving motor is coaxially arranged with the turntable, and a jacket is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the driving motor; The rotating disk is provided with a convex shaft for inserting into the jacket, the mounting seat is connected to the connecting frame by sliding along the axial direction of the fixed cylinder, and the mounting seat and the connecting frame are connected to the same first spring; The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder extends along the axial direction of the fixed cylinder and is provided with a pressure seat. The pressure seat is connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder by rotating around the axis of the fixed cylinder, and the pressure seat is provided with a pressure surface for pressing against the junction of the inner wall of the workpiece and the end face of the workpiece at one end facing the fixed cylinder. The pressure surface is annular and inclined. The hydraulic cylinder can press the workpiece against the surface of the turntable through the pressure surface of the pressure seat, and can press it against the end face of the fixed cylinder through the end face of the pressure seat. The workpiece can press the turntable against the end face of the jacket and make the cam shaft inserted in the jacket. At this time, the first spring will be deformed.

[0008] Optionally, the tightening assembly includes a plurality of penetration rods circumferentially arranged around the axis of the fixed tube, the penetration rods radially slidingly penetrate the fixed tube, one end of the penetration rod is located outside the fixed tube and is provided with a top plate, and the other end of the penetration rod is located inside the fixed tube and is connected to the fixed tube by a second spring; It also includes a slide rod coaxially arranged with the fixed tube, the slide rod and the fixed tube are connected to a third spring, and the slide rod is connected to the fixed tube by sliding along its own axial direction, and a plurality of push rings corresponding to the abutting assemblies are arranged on the slide rod, and an inclined push surface is arranged at the end of the push ring; It also includes a pushing member for pushing the sliding rod to move, the pushing member can push the sliding rod to move, so that the third spring is deformed, the sliding rod will push the penetration rod to move through the push surface of the push ring, the penetration rod will drive the top plate to press against the inner wall of the workpiece, so that the second spring is deformed.

[0009] Optionally, the pushing member is a pressure column arranged on the pressure seat. In the process of the pressure surface pressing against the junction between the inner wall of the workpiece and the end face of the workpiece, the pressure column will push the sliding rod to move, and the sliding rod will push the penetration rod to move through the push surface of the push ring, and the penetration rod will drive the top plate to press against the inner wall of the workpiece.

[0010] Optionally, a plurality of receiving grooves corresponding to the top plates are provided on the outer wall of the fixing cylinder, and when the second spring is in a natural state, the top plate will be completely sunk into the receiving grooves.

[0011] Optionally, it further includes a control unit, the control unit includes a controller and three pressure sensors, the three pressure sensors are respectively arranged on corresponding turntables, and the pressure sensors, the drive motor and the turning unit are all coupled to the controller; When the turntable is pressed against the end face of the jacket, the pressure sensor will also be pressed against the end face of the jacket. At this time, the pressure sensor will transmit a processing signal to the controller, and the controller will control the drive motor to rotate and control the turning unit to run according to the set program.

[0012] Optionally, the reduction motor and the hydraulic cylinder are both coupled to a controller. When the turning unit finishes running according to the set program, the controller will first control the drive motor to turn off and control the hydraulic cylinder to drive the pressure seat away from the fixed cylinder, and then control the reduction motor to drive the connecting frame to rotate 120 degrees, and then control the hydraulic cylinder to drive the pressure seat to press the fixed cylinder and the workpiece on the fixed cylinder.

[0013] Optionally, the loading area is provided with two first limit plates which are arranged on the left and right sides of the first conveyor belt respectively. The two first limit plates together form a first limit cavity for guiding the workpiece on the first conveyor belt to the fixed cylinder. The first limit plates and the movement trajectory of the fixed cylinder are staggered.

[0014] Optionally, the unloading area is provided with an inclined aggregate channel and two second limit plates respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the second conveyor belt. The two second limit plates together form a second limit cavity for guiding the workpiece on the fixed cylinder to the high end of the aggregate channel. The second limit plate and the motion trajectory of the fixed cylinder are staggered.

[0015] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The turning unit can turn multiple horizontally arranged workpieces in sequence. Multiple workpieces can be turned at one time, which reduces the frequency of workpiece material change and shortens the delay time of material change operation, thereby improving the processing efficiency of workpieces; 2. During the turning process of the workpiece, the first conveyor belt can complete the automatic loading of multiple workpieces, and the second conveyor belt can complete the automatic unloading of multiple workpieces. The present application can simultaneously complete the loading, turning and unloading of the workpiece, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the workpiece; 3. In the process of the workpiece being clamped and fixed, the pressure seat will push the sliding rod to move through the pressure column, the sliding rod will push the penetration rod to move through the push surface of the push ring, the penetration rod will drive the top plate to press against the inner wall of the workpiece, and all workpieces will be pressed and fixed on the fixed cylinder at the same time to improve the stability of the workpiece during the turning process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first conveyor belt, the second conveyor belt, the collecting channel and the material changing unit in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a clamping and rotating unit and a material changing unit in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting frame and the mounting seat of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a connecting frame and a mounting seat according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a mounting seat according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating disk and the fixed cylinder of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the material changing unit and the turning unit in the embodiment of the present application.

[0017] Figure numerals: 1, lathe body; 11, loading area; 12, processing area; 13, unloading area; 14, first conveyor belt; 15, first limit plate; 151, first limit cavity; 16, second conveyor belt; 17, second limit plate; 171, second limit cavity; 18, material collection channel; 2, clamping and rotating unit; 21, driving motor; 22, jacket; 23, hydraulic cylinder; 24, pressure seat; 241, pressure surface; 25, pressure column; 3, turning unit; 4, material changing unit; 41, reduction motor; 4 2. Connecting frame; 421. Rotating shaft; 422. Rotating seat; 423. Connecting rod; 424. Limiting rod; 425. First spring; 5. Control unit; 51. Controller; 52. Pressure sensor; 6. Mounting seat; 61. Turntable; 611. Groove; 62. Fixing cylinder; 621. Accommodating groove; 63. Protruding shaft; 64. Tightening assembly; 641. Through rod; 642. Top plate; 643. Second spring; 65. Sliding rod; 651. Third spring; 652. Push ring; 653. Push surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following is combined with Figure 1-8 This application is described in further detail.

[0019] The present application embodiment discloses an automatic processing lathe. Figure 1 As shown, an automatic machining lathe comprises a lathe body 1 on which a clamping and rotating unit 2, a turning unit 3, a material changing unit 4 and a control unit 5 are arranged.

[0020] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the material changing unit 4 includes a reduction motor 41 installed on the lathe body 1, the output shaft of the reduction motor 41 extends in the horizontal direction and is connected to a connecting frame 42, and the connecting frame 42 is provided with three groups of mounting seats 6 arranged circumferentially around the output shaft axis of the reduction motor 41.

[0021] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, a turntable 61 is provided on the mounting seat 6, and the turntable 61 is connected to the mounting seat 6 so as to rotate around its own axis. A horizontally arranged fixed cylinder 62 is installed on one side surface of the turntable 61, and a convex shaft 63 is installed on the other side surface of the turntable 61. The convex shaft 63, the fixed cylinder 62 and the turntable 61 are coaxially arranged.

[0022] like Figure 2 As shown, a loading area 11, a processing area 12 and a unloading area 13 are provided at the lathe body 1. When the reduction motor 41 drives the connecting frame 42 to rotate, the connecting frame 42 will drive the three turntables 61 to pass through the loading area 11, the processing area 12 and the unloading area 13 in sequence; when the workpiece needs to be turned, the three turntables 61 will be respectively arranged in the loading area 11, the processing area 12 and the unloading area 13.

[0023] A first conveyor belt 14 is provided at the loading area 11. The first conveyor belt 14 is horizontally arranged and installed on the lathe body 1. The first conveyor belt 14 can convey workpieces horizontally, so that multiple workpieces are moved and sleeved on the fixed cylinder 62 in sequence, and the workpiece on the front side is in contact with the surface of the turntable 61, thereby realizing automatic loading of multiple workpieces; then the reduction motor 41 will drive the connecting frame 42 to rotate, so that the fixed cylinder 62 after loading is rotated to the processing area 12.

[0024] like Figure 5 As shown, it is worth noting that the outer wall of the fixed cylinder 62 and the inner wall of the workpiece are spaced apart so that the workpiece can be movably sleeved on the fixed cylinder 62; Figure 2 As shown, the loading area 11 is provided with two first limit plates 15 which are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the first conveyor belt 14. The two first limit plates 15 are both installed on the lathe body 1 and together form a first limit cavity 151. The first limit cavity 151 is used to limit the workpiece on the first conveyor belt 14 so that the workpiece is not easily offset during the conveying process, so as to ensure that the workpiece on the first conveyor belt 14 can be accurately mounted on the fixed cylinder 62.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, in addition, the first limiting plate 15 and the movement trajectory of the fixed cylinder 62 are staggered, so that the fixed cylinder 62 will not collide with the first limiting plate 15 during the rotation process.

[0026] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the connecting frame 42 includes a rotating shaft 421 coaxially connected to the output shaft of the reduction motor 41, and three rotating seats 422 are circumferentially arranged around the axis of the rotating shaft 421. The rotating seat 422 is connected to the rotating shaft 421 through two connecting rods 423, and two limiting rods 424 are installed on the rotating seat 422. The limiting rods 424 are coaxially arranged with the fixed cylinder 62, and the two limiting rods 424 are slidably penetrated in the mounting seat 6, so that the mounting seat 6 can only slide axially along the fixed cylinder 62; the mounting seat 6 and the rotating seat 422 are commonly connected to the same first spring 425, one end of the first spring 425 is fixedly connected to the mounting seat 6, and the other end of the first spring 425 is fixedly connected to the rotating seat 422.

[0027] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the clamping and rotating unit 2 and the turning unit 3 are located in the processing area 12. The clamping and rotating unit 2 includes a driving motor 21 and a hydraulic cylinder 23 installed on the lathe body 1. The output shaft of the driving motor 21 is coaxially arranged with the turntable 61, and the output shaft of the driving motor 21 is coaxially connected with a jacket 22; the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 23 extends along the axial direction of the fixed cylinder 62 and is installed with a pressure seat 24, the pressure seat 24 is connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 23 around the axis of the fixed cylinder 62, and a pressure surface 241 is provided at one end of the pressure seat 24 facing the fixed cylinder 62, and the pressure surface 241 is annular and inclined.

[0028] When the fixed cylinder 62 with the material loaded rotates to the processing area 12, the hydraulic cylinder 23 will push the pressing seat 24 to move, and the end surface of the pressing seat 24 will be pressed against the end surface of the fixed cylinder 62. The pressing seat 24 will be pressed against the junction of the inner wall of the workpiece and the end surface of the workpiece through the pressing surface 241, so that the workpiece is pressed against one side surface of the turntable 61, and the pressing seat 24 will push the turntable 61 to move closer to the jacket 22 through the workpiece, and the other side surface of the turntable 61 will be pressed against the end surface of the jacket 22, and the convex shaft 63 on the turntable 61 will be inserted into the end surface of the jacket 22. When it is connected to the sleeve 22, the first spring 425 will be deformed, and the turntable 61, the fixed cylinder 62 and the workpiece will be clamped and fixed; the driving motor 21 can drive the cam 63, the turntable 61, the fixed cylinder 62, the workpiece and the pressure seat 24 to rotate synchronously through the sleeve 22, so that the turning unit 3 can turn multiple horizontally arranged workpieces in turn, and multiple workpieces can be turned at one time, which reduces the frequency of material changing of the workpiece, shortens the time delayed by the material changing operation, and thus improves the processing efficiency of the workpiece.

[0029] It is worth mentioning that the connection method between the mounting seat 6 and the turntable 61 in the figure is only a schematic diagram, which is only for the convenience of understanding the connection relationship between the mounting seat 6 and the turntable 61; in actual use, the left end of the mounting seat 6 can adopt a vertical plate-like structure, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the left end of the mounting seat 6, and a bearing is fixedly embedded in the through hole, so that the bearing is fully wrapped and installed in the through hole, and the mounting seat 6 is made of steel plate to ensure the stability of the bearing on the mounting seat 6; but the outer contour of the left end of the mounting seat 6 does not protrude from the turning position of the workpiece, so that the mounting seat 6 will not affect the turning processing of the workpiece by the turning unit 3; the left end face of the mounting seat 6 can be welded with a steel cover ring, the outer contour of the cover ring does not protrude from the outer contour of the mounting seat 6, and the cover ring is used to contact the bearing. The left end face further improves the stability of the bearing, but there is a gap between the inner wall of the cover ring and the outer wall of the sleeve 22, so that the cover ring does not affect the clamping of the cam 63 by the sleeve 22; the materials of the turntable 61 and the fixed cylinder 62 are both high-strength steel, and the fixed cylinder 62 is welded to the right side of the turntable 61, so that the fixed cylinder 62 and the turntable 61 remain relatively stable, and the fixed cylinder 62 has strong bending resistance, and the weight of the workpiece is also limited, so the fixed cylinder 62 is not easy to bend, so as to ensure the stability of the workpiece on the fixed cylinder 62; in addition, the workpiece is only subjected to centrifugal force during rotation, and is not subjected to its own axial force, and the rotation speed of the reduction motor 41 is slow, and the workpiece is not easy to shake on the fixed cylinder 62, so the workpiece will remain stable during rotation.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the turning unit 3 includes a moving module and a turning tool. The turning tool is installed on the moving module. The moving module is a prior art, so it is not described in detail here. The moving module can drive the turning tool to move in three dimensions so as to control the position and feed amount of the turning tool.

[0031] It is worth noting that during the turning process of one group of workpieces, the turning tool will turn from left to right; during the turning process of the next group of workpieces, the turning tool will turn from right to left, avoiding ineffective tool movement as much as possible, thereby further improving the processing efficiency of the workpieces.

[0032] like Figure 5As shown, a plurality of clamping assemblies 64 are provided on the fixed cylinder 62, and the clamping assemblies 64 correspond to the workpieces on the fixed cylinder 62 one by one; the clamping assemblies 64 include a plurality of penetration rods 641 circumferentially arranged around the axis of the fixed cylinder 62. In the present embodiment, the number of penetration rods 641 in each group of the clamping assemblies 64 is three, and the penetration rods 641 are radially slidably penetrated in the fixed cylinder 62 along the fixed cylinder 62, one end of the penetration rod 641 is located outside the fixed cylinder 62 and is provided with a top plate 642, the other end of the penetration rod 641 is located inside the fixed cylinder 62 and is connected to the same second spring 643 with the fixed cylinder 62, one end of the second spring 643 is fixedly connected to the penetration rod 641, and the other end of the second spring 643 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 62.

[0033] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a slide rod 65 is provided in the fixed cylinder 62, and the slide rod 65 and the fixed cylinder 62 are coaxially arranged. The slide rod 65 and the fixed cylinder 62 are commonly connected with the same third spring 651, one end of the third spring 651 is fixedly connected to the slide rod 65, and the other end of the third spring 651 is fixedly connected to the fixed cylinder 62; the slide rod 65 is connected to the fixed cylinder 62 by sliding along its own axial direction, and a plurality of push rings 652 corresponding to the clamping components 64 are installed on the slide rod 65, and the end of the push ring 652 is provided with an inclined push surface 653; a push member is installed on the pressure seat 24, and the push member is a pressure column 25.

[0034] When the pressure surface 241 is pressed against the junction of the inner wall of the workpiece and the end face of the workpiece, the pressure column 25 will push the slide rod 65 to move, and the slide rod 65 will push the penetration rod 641 to move through the push surface 653 of the push ring 652. The penetration rod 641 will drive the top plate 642 to press against the inner wall of the workpiece. At this time, the second spring 643 will be deformed, and all the workpieces will be pressed and fixed on the fixed cylinder 62 at the same time to improve the stability of the workpiece during the turning process.

[0035] like Figure 7 As shown, it is worth noting that the top plate 642 is arranged in an arc shape on one side away from the axis of the fixed cylinder 62, so that the top plate 642 can fit the inner wall of the workpiece, thereby increasing the contact area between the top plate 642 and the workpiece, and further improving the stability of the workpiece during the turning process.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the control unit 5 includes a controller 51 and three pressure sensors 52. A groove 611 is provided on the side of the turntable 61 facing the jacket 22. The pressure sensor 52 is fixedly embedded in the groove 611. The pressure sensor 52, the drive motor 21, the turning unit 3, the reduction motor 41 and the hydraulic cylinder 23 are all coupled to the controller 51.

[0037] When the turntable 61 is pressed against the end face of the jacket 22, the pressure sensor 52 will also be pressed against the end face of the jacket 22. At this time, the pressure sensor 52 will transmit a processing signal to the controller 51, and the controller 51 will control the drive motor 21 to rotate. The drive motor 21 will drive the workpiece to rotate through the jacket 22. The controller 51 will also control the turning unit 3 to run according to the set program, so that the turning unit 3 can turn all the workpieces in the processing area 12.

[0038] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a plurality of receiving grooves 621 are provided on the outer wall of the fixed cylinder 62, and the receiving grooves 621 correspond to the top plate 642 one by one. When the turning unit 3 ends its operation according to the set program, the controller 51 will first control the driving motor 21 to turn off, so that the turntable 61, the fixed cylinder 62 and the workpiece stop rotating. At the same time, the controller 51 will control the hydraulic cylinder 23 to drive the pressure seat 24 away from the fixed cylinder 62. At this time, the first spring 425, the second spring 643 and the third spring 651 will all return to their natural state. The first spring 425 will cause the mounting seat 6 to move, so that the cam 63 is disengaged from the jacket 22, so that the fixed cylinder 62 of the processing area 12 can rotate to the unloading area 13 in the subsequent process; the third spring 651 will cause the sliding rod 65 to slide back to reset, so that the push ring 652 is away from the penetration rod 641, and the second The spring 643 will cause the top plate 642 to separate from the workpiece and completely sink into the accommodating groove 621, so that the workpiece on the fixed cylinder 62 will separate from the fixed cylinder 62 in the subsequent process; then the controller 51 will control the reduction motor 41 to drive the connecting frame 42 to rotate 120 degrees, and the fixed cylinder 62 that has been loaded in the loading area 11 will be rotated to the processing area 12 for subsequent turning processing, and the workpiece that has been turned in the processing area 12 will be rotated to the unloading area 13 for unloading, and the fixed cylinder 62 that has been unloaded in the unloading area 13 will be rotated to the loading area 11 for loading the workpiece; finally, the controller 51 will control the hydraulic cylinder 23 to drive the pressure seat 24 to press the fixed cylinder 62 and the workpiece on the fixed cylinder 62, so that the pressure sensor 52 will send a processing signal to the controller 51 to realize fully automatic processing of the workpiece.

[0039] like Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, the unloading area 13 is provided with a second conveyor belt 16, which is horizontally arranged and installed on the lathe body 1. When the workpiece after turning is rotated to the unloading area 13, the bottom of the workpiece will contact the upper part of the second conveyor belt 16, and the second conveyor belt 16 can convey the workpiece horizontally, so that the workpiece on the fixed cylinder 62 moves out of the fixed cylinder 62 in sequence, realizing automatic unloading of the workpiece.

[0040] The unloading area 13 is provided with an inclined collecting channel 18 and two second limit plates 17 respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the second conveyor belt 16. The two second limit plates 17 are both installed on the lathe body 1 and together form a second limit cavity 171. The second limit cavity 171 is used to limit the workpiece on the second conveyor belt 16 so that the workpiece is not easily offset during the conveying process, so as to ensure that the workpiece on the second conveyor belt 16 can accurately move to the high end of the collecting channel 18, and then the workpiece will slide down in the collecting channel 18, so that the workpieces completed by turning can be placed in the collecting channel 18 in sequence for workers to take the workpieces.

[0041] The second limiting plate 17 and the movement track of the fixed cylinder 62 are staggered, so that the fixed cylinder 62 will not collide with the second limiting plate 17 during the rotation process.

[0042] The implementation principle of an automatic machining lathe in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: during the turning process of a workpiece, the loading area 11, the machining area 12 and the unloading area 13 will work simultaneously.

[0043] In the loading area 11 , the first conveyor belt 14 sequentially conveys the workpieces to the fixed cylinder 62 , thereby realizing automatic loading of multiple workpieces.

[0044] In the processing area 12, the controller 51 will control the hydraulic cylinder 23 to push the pressure seat 24 to move. The pressure seat 24 will press tightly against the fixed cylinder 62, the workpiece and the slide rod 65 and push the fixed cylinder 62, the turntable 61 and the slide rod 65 to move. The slide rod 65 will push the penetration rod 641 to move through the push ring 652, so that the top plate 642 is pressed against the inner wall of the workpiece, the convex shaft 63 will be inserted into the jacket 22, the turntable 61 and the pressure sensor 52 will be pressed tightly against the jacket 22, the pressure sensor 52 will send a processing signal to the controller 51, and the controller 51 will control the drive motor 21 to rotate , the driving motor 21 will drive the workpiece to rotate through the sleeve 22, and the controller 51 will also control the turning unit 3 to run according to the set program, so that the turning unit 3 turns all the workpieces in the processing area 12; when the turning unit 3 finishes running according to the set program, the controller 51 will first control the driving motor 21 to turn off and control the hydraulic cylinder 23 to drive the pressure seat 24 away from the fixed cylinder 62, the first spring 425 will prompt the mounting seat 6 to move and reset, the third spring 651 will prompt the slide rod 65 to slide and reset, and the second spring 643 will prompt the top plate 642 to move and reset.

[0045] In the unloading area 13 , the second conveyor belt 16 will convey the processed workpieces to the collecting channel 18 in sequence, and the workpieces will be placed in the collecting channel 18 in sequence.

[0046] After the workpiece processing is completed, the controller 51 will control the reduction motor 41 to drive the connecting frame 42 to rotate 120 degrees. The fixed cylinder 62 that has been loaded in the loading area 11 will be rotated to the processing area 12 for subsequent turning processing. The workpiece that has been turned in the processing area 12 will be rotated to the unloading area 13 for unloading. The fixed cylinder 62 that has been unloaded in the unloading area 13 will be rotated to the loading area 11 for loading the workpiece.

[0047] In summary, the present application can simultaneously complete the loading, turning and unloading of workpieces, and can turn multiple workpieces at one time, thereby reducing the frequency of workpiece material changes, shortening the time delayed by material change operations, and thus improving the processing efficiency of workpieces.

[0048] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An automatic machining lathe, comprising a lathe body (1), the lathe body (1) being provided with a clamping and rotating unit (2) and a turning unit (3), characterized in that: It also includes a material changing unit (4), the material changing unit (4) including a reduction motor (41) arranged on the lathe body (1), and a connecting frame (42) is arranged on the output shaft of the reduction motor (41); The connecting frame (42) is provided with three groups of mounting seats (6) which are arranged circumferentially around the axis of the output shaft of the reduction motor (41); a rotating disk (61) is provided on the mounting seat (6); the rotating disk (61) is connected to the mounting seat (6) so as to rotate around its own axis; A fixing cylinder (62) is provided on the rotating disk (61) and is arranged horizontally and for a plurality of workpieces to be slidably mounted in sequence. The fixing cylinder (62) and the rotating disk (61) are arranged coaxially. The fixing cylinder (62) is provided with a plurality of tightening assemblies (64) for tightening and fixing the workpieces. A lathe body (1) is provided with a loading area (11), a processing area (12) and a unloading area (13) through which a turntable (61) passes in sequence, and the three turntables (61) are respectively arranged in the loading area (11), the processing area (12) and the unloading area (13); The clamping and rotating unit (2) and the turning unit (3) are located in the processing area (12); the clamping and rotating unit (2) is used to clamp the workpieces on the fixed cylinder (62) and drive all the workpieces to rotate; and the turning unit (3) is used to turn the multiple rotating workpieces. A first conveyor belt (14) is provided at the loading area (11), and the first conveyor belt (14) is used to sequentially convey a plurality of workpieces and place them on the fixed cylinder (62), so that the workpiece at the front side contacts the surface of the turntable (61); The unloading area (13) is provided with a second conveyor belt (16), and the second conveyor belt (16) is used to convey the workpiece on the fixed cylinder (62) to be separated from the fixed cylinder (62).

2. The automatic processing lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping and rotating unit (2) comprises a driving motor (21) and a hydraulic cylinder (23) which are arranged on the lathe body (1); the output shaft of the driving motor (21) is coaxially arranged with the rotating disk (61), and a clamping sleeve (22) is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the driving motor (21); The rotating disk (61) is provided with a convex shaft (63) for being inserted into the jacket (22); the mounting seat (6) is connected to the connecting frame (42) by sliding along the axial direction of the fixing cylinder (62); and the mounting seat (6) and the connecting frame (42) are connected to the same first spring (425); The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (23) extends along the axial direction of the fixed cylinder (62) and is provided with a pressure seat (24). The pressure seat (24) is rotatably connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (23) around the axis of the fixed cylinder (62). The pressure seat (24) is provided with a pressure surface (241) for pressing against the junction between the inner wall of the workpiece and the end face of the workpiece at one end facing the fixed cylinder (62). The pressure surface (241) is annular and inclined. The hydraulic cylinder (23) can press the workpiece against the surface of the rotating disk (61) through the pressure surface (241) of the pressure seat (24) and can press the end face of the fixed cylinder (62) through the end face of the pressure seat (24). The workpiece can press the rotating disk (61) against the end face of the jacket (22) and make the convex shaft (63) inserted in the jacket (22). At this time, the first spring (425) will be deformed.

3. The automatic machining lathe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tightening assembly (64) comprises a plurality of penetrating rods (641) circumferentially arranged around the axis of the fixed cylinder (62), the penetrating rods (641) being radially slidable and penetrating the fixed cylinder (62), one end of the penetrating rod (641) being located outside the fixed cylinder (62) and provided with a top plate (642), and the other end of the penetrating rod (641) being located inside the fixed cylinder (62) and being connected to the fixed cylinder (62) by a second spring (643); The sliding rod (65) is coaxially arranged with the fixed cylinder (62), the sliding rod (65) and the fixed cylinder (62) are connected to a third spring (651), and the sliding rod (65) is connected to the fixed cylinder (62) by sliding along its own axial direction, and the sliding rod (65) is provided with a plurality of push rings (652) corresponding to the abutting assemblies (64) one by one, and the end of the push ring (652) is provided with a push surface (653) arranged in an inclined manner; The push member is used to push the slide bar (65) to move, and the push member can push the slide bar (65) to move, so that the third spring (651) is deformed. The slide bar (65) will push the penetration rod (641) to move through the push surface (653) of the push ring (652), and the penetration rod (641) will drive the top plate (642) to press against the inner wall of the workpiece, so that the second spring (643) is deformed.

4. The automatic machining lathe according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pushing member is a pressure column (25) arranged on the pressure seat (24). When the pressure surface (241) is pressed against the junction between the inner wall of the workpiece and the end surface of the workpiece, the pressure column (25) will push the sliding rod (65) to move, and the sliding rod (65) will push the penetration rod (641) to move through the pushing surface (653) of the pushing ring (652), and the penetration rod (641) will drive the top plate (642) to press against the inner wall of the workpiece.

5. The automatic machining lathe according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of receiving grooves (621) corresponding one to one with the top plate (642) are provided on the outer wall of the fixing cylinder (62). When the second spring (643) is in a natural state, the top plate (642) will be completely sunk into the receiving groove (621).

6. The automatic machining lathe according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a control unit (5), the control unit (5) including a controller (51) and three pressure sensors (52), the three pressure sensors (52) are arranged on corresponding turntables (61), and the pressure sensors (52), the drive motor (21) and the turning unit (3) are all coupled to the controller (51); When the turntable (61) is pressed against the end surface of the jacket (22), the pressure sensor (52) will also be pressed against the end surface of the jacket (22). At this time, the pressure sensor (52) will transmit a processing signal to the controller (51), and the controller (51) will control the drive motor (21) to rotate and control the turning unit (3) to run according to the set program.

7. The automatic machining lathe according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reduction motor (41) and the hydraulic cylinder (23) are both coupled to the controller (51). When the turning unit (3) finishes running according to the set program, the controller (51) first controls the drive motor (21) to turn off and controls the hydraulic cylinder (23) to drive the pressure seat (24) away from the fixed cylinder (62), and then controls the reduction motor (41) to drive the connecting frame (42) to rotate 120 degrees, and then controls the hydraulic cylinder (23) to drive the pressure seat (24) to press against the fixed cylinder (62) and the workpiece on the fixed cylinder (62).

8. The automatic machining lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading area (11) is provided with two first limit plates (15) respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the first conveyor belt (14); the two first limit plates (15) together enclose a first limit cavity (151) for guiding the workpiece on the first conveyor belt (14) to the fixed cylinder (62); the movement trajectories of the first limit plates (15) and the fixed cylinder (62) are staggered.

9. The automatic machining lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unloading area (13) is provided with an inclined collecting channel (18) and two second limiting plates (17) respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the second conveyor belt (16); the two second limiting plates (17) together enclose a second limiting cavity (171) for guiding the workpiece on the fixed cylinder (62) to the high end of the collecting channel (18); the second limiting plates (17) and the movement trajectory of the fixed cylinder (62) are staggered.

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