An all-electric tractor system and power management strategy

Abstract

A kind of pure electric tractor system and power management strategy, belong to the field of agricultural machinery;The pure electric tractor system includes: power unit, including front PTO motor, rear PTO motor, drive motor, hydraulic motor and steering oil pump motor;Power distribution component, including battery system assembly A, battery high voltage power distribution BDU unit D and power electronics PEU unit E connected in sequence;The power electronics PEU unit E is connected with front PTO motor by front PTO motor controller M, also connected with hydraulic motor by hydraulic motor controller K;Vehicle control VCU unit V is respectively connected with front PTO motor controller M, gearbox control TCU unit O and battery high voltage power distribution BDU unit D signal connection.The present application can satisfy the whole vehicle normal operation requirement under the condition that the discharge power allowed by battery is less than the power used by each component, while protecting battery system, realize power balance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a pure electric tractor system and a power management strategy. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, especially pure electric vehicles, the electrification process in the fields of engineering machinery and agricultural machinery is also accelerating. The new energy tractor meets the policy and industry development needs.

[0003] The tractor has many application scenarios and complex working conditions, thus requiring various power units, such as a drive system, a front PTO power take-off, a rear PTO power take-off, and an upper-mounted working unit. Correspondingly, the new energy tractor inevitably requires high-voltage electric drive power units, such as a drive motor, a rear PTO power take-off motor, a front PTO power take-off motor, an upper-mounted hydraulic pump system motor, and a steering system hydraulic motor. In general, a DC-DC converter, an electric air conditioner, an electric heater, a battery cooling system, and a battery heating system are also required.

[0004] According to the energy supply mode of the whole vehicle, it is generally divided into fuel engine + battery hybrid drive, pure electric drive, fuel cell drive, and other technical routes. Among them, the pure electric drive scheme is limited by the space of the tractor itself, and the battery capacity that can be configured is limited, so the continuous discharge power of the battery system will be limited. The common solution is to use power density batteries to increase the allowable discharge power of the battery. However, power batteries generally have lower energy density, which affects the vehicle's endurance time and mileage, and limits the selection range of the battery. Another way is to increase the APU range extender and the generator to increase the power supply mode, thereby limiting the application and promotion of the pure electric drive technical route.

[0005] In view of the above two situations, under the pure electric technical route, in the face of the simultaneous work demand of various high-voltage power units, a reasonable whole vehicle high and low voltage system architecture needs to be designed, and an effective power management strategy of the parts is required to achieve the balance of the whole vehicle power supply and use, while meeting the actual working condition requirements of the vehicle.

[0006] The patent application with the publication number CN115320430A discloses a "pure electric tractor charging and discharging control method, system and tractor". The core control method of the patent application is to connect the tractor to the charging pile, focus on the design of high-voltage principles and contactor control, i.e. the start-stop work of the parts and the management of the charging state. It is limited that only when the PTO drive motor outputs, the charging pile can be connected. This limits the application scenarios and working conditions of the whole vehicle and does not have universality.

[0007] The patent application with the publication number CN113635785A discloses an electric tractor, the core of which introduces a scheme configuration and is a theoretical architecture, without considering the integrated development of current new energy industry components, without explicitly specifying the real vehicle system architecture that can be landed, and the actual development guidance is small. Moreover, the patent application is configured with a generator set, which belongs to a hybrid scheme and limits the non-pure electric technology route.

[0008] The patent application with the publication number CN114212001A discloses a pure electric vehicle full life cycle discharge power management method, the core of which is to manage and correct the discharge power of the battery system, aiming to improve the battery life and vehicle driving experience. However, the patent application does not manage the priority and discharge power of the vehicle components, and cannot solve the problem of managing multiple power devices of agricultural machinery.

[0009] In summary, the above patent application schemes and technical routes have some problems in actual engineering application, and have certain limitations in the development and verification of pure electric tractor schemes. Especially in the face of industry and policy promotion, practical application scheme architecture and management strategies are still needed. SUMMARY

[0010] The purpose of the present application is to provide a pure electric tractor system with high engineering application value, strong practicability, and compatibility with multiple tonnage tractor configurations, which can be extended to similar configurations of special vehicles and non-road vehicles.

[0011] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a pure electric vehicle system, the pure electric vehicle being a pure electric tractor, a pure electric non-road vehicle or a pure electric special vehicle, the pure electric vehicle system comprising:

[0012] a power unit comprising a front PTO motor, a rear PTO motor, a drive motor, a hydraulic motor and a steering oil pump motor;

[0013] a power distribution assembly comprising a battery system assembly A, a battery high-voltage power distribution BDU unit D and a power electronics PEU unit E connected in sequence; the power electronics PEU unit E is connected with the front PTO motor through a front PTO motor controller M, and is also connected with the hydraulic motor through a hydraulic motor controller K;

[0014] A power electronic PEU unit E, which integrates a DC-DC frequency converter module I, a DC / AC inverter module F, a motor control MCU module G and a motor control MCU module H; the DC-DC frequency converter module I is connected with a 24V storage battery, the DC / AC inverter module F is connected with a steering oil pump motor, the motor control MCU module G is connected with a drive motor, and the motor control MCU module H is connected with a rear PTO motor; the steering oil pump motor is connected with a low-voltage DC / AC inverter N, and the drive motor is connected with a gearbox Q through a transmission P;

[0015] A vehicle control VCU unit V, which is respectively connected with a front PTO motor controller M, a gearbox control TCU unit O and a battery high-voltage power distribution BDU unit D; the gearbox control TCU unit O is connected with a gear shifting operating mechanism R, and the gear shifting operating mechanism R is mechanically connected with the gearbox P.

[0016] Preferably, the power distribution assembly further comprises a battery heating system B, a battery cooling system C and a direct current charging socket L.

[0017] Preferably, the battery heating system B, the battery cooling system C and the direct current charging socket L are all connected with the battery high-voltage power distribution BDU unit D.

[0018] Preferably, the drive motor and the rear PTO motor are provided with a water-cooling heat dissipation module.

[0019] Preferably, the DC-DC frequency converter module I, the motor control MCU module G and the motor control MCU module H are internally provided with a heat dissipation plate with a cooling water channel.

[0020] Preferably, the power electronic PEU unit E is further connected with a high-voltage electrical accessory;

[0021] Preferably, the high-voltage electrical accessory comprises a PTC heater, an air conditioner and a vehicle-mounted 220VAC alternating current power supply.

[0022] Preferably, the vehicle-mounted 220VAC alternating current power supply is connected with an alternating current power taking socket Y.

[0023] Preferably, the water-cooling heat dissipation module is composed of two electronic water pumps, two electronic fans, a heat dissipation core body, a temperature sensor, a water storage kettle and a water channel connected between the modules; the two electronic water pumps both extract cooling liquid from the water storage kettle.

[0024] Preferably, the battery high-voltage power distribution BDU unit D is further connected with a direct current power taking interface J.

[0025] Preferably, the first electronic water pump of the two electronic water pumps is responsible for heat dissipation of the driving motor, and the second electronic water pump is responsible for heat dissipation of the rear PTO system and the DC-DC frequency converter module I, the motor control MCU module G and the motor control MCU module H.

[0026] Preferably, the vehicle control VCU unit V is further connected with a handrail box Z, a liquid crystal display screen S, a vehicle-mounted 220VAC alternating current power supply and a hydraulic motor controller K respectively.

[0027] The application also provides a power management strategy or method of a pure electric vehicle system, comprising the following steps:

[0028] The vehicle control VCU unit V sends torque / speed instructions to the driving motor, the front PTO motor, the rear PTO motor and the hydraulic motor to control the power of the motors;

[0029] The DC-DC frequency converter module I, the steering oil pump motor, the battery heating system B and the battery cooling system C are turned on as safety essentials, and the vehicle-mounted 220VAC alternating current power supply and the direct current power taking interface J are turned off;

[0030] The allowable use power of the rear PTO motor is ensured to realize the working requirement of the vehicle;

[0031] The allowable use power of the front PTO motor is ensured to perform front-end auxiliary work under the rear working condition;

[0032] The allowable use power of the driving motor is ensured to realize the walking of the vehicle under the priority working condition;

[0033] The allowable use power of the hydraulic motor is ensured to realize the lifting of the upper-mounted system of the vehicle under the driving and working conditions.

[0034] Preferably, the allowable use power of the rear PTO motor is:

[0035] P RPmax =P B -P A ;

[0036] In the formula, P RPmax is the allowable use power of the rear PTO motor, P A is the allowable use power of the safety essentials, and P B is the real-time allowable discharge power of the battery system excluding the battery cooling system power and the heating system power.

[0037] The calculation formula of the real-time allowable discharge power PB of the battery system excluding the battery cooling system power and the heating system power is:

[0038] P B =PBs P Bh P Bc ;

[0039] P Bs P Bh P Bc P B P

[0040] P

[0041] P FPmax P B P A P RP ;

[0042] P RP P FPmax P

[0043] P

[0044] P Dmax P B P A P RP P FP ;

[0045] P FP P Dmax P

[0046] P

[0047] P ULmax P B P A P RP P FP P D ;

[0048] P D P FP P ULmax P

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the above scheme of the present application has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0050] The present application is directed to a pure electric drive tractor whole vehicle system, and provides a tractor model scheme with high engineering application value and strong practicability, which can be compatible with multiple tonnage tractors simultaneously;

[0051] The above strategy of the present application can meet the normal operation requirements of the whole vehicle under the condition that the discharge power allowed by the battery is less than the power used by each component, protect the battery system, and realize power balance.

[0052] The strategy of the present application can be extended to similar multi-motor simultaneous operation system architectures, and new energy special vehicles, non-road vehicles and the like with limited whole vehicle battery, generated power and fuel cell power. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0053] The specific embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] Figure 1 A configuration diagram of the pure electric tractor system of the first embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0055] Figure 2 A configuration diagram of the pure electric tractor system of the second embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0056] In the above figures, the meanings of the reference signs are as follows:

[0057] 1 - drive motor; 2 - rear PTO motor;

[0058] 3 - front PTO motor; 4 - hydraulic motor;

[0059] 5 - steering oil pump motor; 6 - PTC warm air;

[0060] 7 - air conditioner; 8 - 24V storage battery;

[0061] 9 - vehicle-mounted 220V AC power supply. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be practiced in a variety of ways beyond the specific embodiments described herein without departing from the scope of the present application, and it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that similar modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present application, and therefore the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0063] The terminology used in this disclosure, in one or more embodiments, is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of one or more embodiments of the disclosure. As used in this disclosure and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that the term "and / or," as used herein, refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0064] It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. can be used herein to describe various information, these terms are not intended to denote a temporal or chronological order. Rather, these terms are used solely to distinguish one from another only. For example, a first can be termed a second, and, similarly, a second can be also termed a first, without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments. As used in this disclosure, the word "if' can be interpreted to mean "when" or "upon" or "in response to determining" taking into account the context in which the term is used.

[0065] In this application, some terms are explained as follows:

[0066] Multi-motor vehicle system, in addition to the electric motor for power driving, also includes the vehicle system of electric motor performing various tasks, such as electric tractor with front and rear power take-off, electric special vehicle, electric engineering vehicle, etc.

[0067] Off-Road Vehicle (ORV), mainly includes various off-road vehicles, mobile machinery and tractors for agriculture, forestry, engineering and other non-road uses, but does not include commonly used cars, sport utility vehicles (SUV), and other road transport machinery and trailers driven on paved roads. In the European Union and the United States, all-terrain vehicles (ATV) and UTV, BAJA and Go-kart, ATV and off-road motorcycles (non-road two-wheeled motorcycles) are collectively referred to as ORV (off-road vehicles). Almost all off-road vehicles are four-wheel drive.

[0068] Power Take Off (PTO), which is a set or multiple sets of gearboxes, also known as power output device, is generally composed of gearboxes, clutches and controllers, connected with low gear or auxiliary gearbox output shaft, and outputs power to external working devices such as lifting pump.

[0069] Battery energy Distribution Unit (BDU), also known as Battery Disconnect Unit, is an important accessory in the high-voltage loop of new energy vehicles. It is directly connected to the power battery through high-voltage connectors and controls the charging and discharging process of electric vehicles. It is a crucial component in the high-voltage loop.

[0070] Power Electronic Unit (PEU) is a key component in the drive system of new energy vehicles. It integrates on-board chargers, DC-DC converters, high-voltage distribution boxes, and motor controllers into a high-voltage module, and is known as the "brain" and "heart" of electric vehicles.

[0071] Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) is the core electronic control unit for vehicle control decision-making, usually only equipped in new energy vehicles, and not required for traditional fuel vehicles. VCU collects signals such as accelerator pedal, gear, brake pedal, etc. to determine the driver's driving intention; through monitoring vehicle state (speed, temperature, etc.) information, it judges and processes, and sends vehicle running state control instructions to the power system and power battery system; controls the working mode of the vehicle accessory power system; VCU has vehicle system fault diagnosis protection and storage function.

[0072] Moter Control Unit (MCU) is a core power electronic unit specific to new energy vehicles. It receives vehicle driving control instructions from VCU, controls the electric motor to output specified torque and speed, and drives the vehicle to run. MCU can convert the direct current power of the power battery into the required high-voltage alternating current and drive the motor to output mechanical energy; MCU has motor system fault diagnosis protection and storage function. MCU is composed of shell and cooling system, power electronic unit, control circuit, bottom software and control algorithm software.

[0073] Battery Management System (BMS) can manage the battery cells and communicate with the vehicle. The vehicle-mounted battery pack includes battery cells, modules, electrical systems, thermal management systems, cases, and BMS. BMS can improve the utilization rate of the battery, prevent overcharging and overdischarging of the battery, prolong the service life of the battery, and monitor the state of the battery. BMS is the most critical component of the battery pack, similar to VCU, and the core part is composed of hardware circuit, bottom software and application layer software.

[0074] The pure electric vehicle system including tractor, non-road vehicle and special vehicle is a vehicle system driven and worked by itself carrying battery, and the power distribution relates to the normal work of each motor of the vehicle. The inventor designs a power scheduling method and system capable of comprehensive scheduling and meeting various task requirements as much as possible, which can meet the normal operation requirements of the whole vehicle, protect the battery system, realize power balance and be suitable for various vehicle models.

[0075] The application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings:

[0076] Taking the tractor as an example, the application provides a pure electric tractor system, which comprises:

[0077] A power unit comprising a front PTO motor 3, a rear PTO motor 2, a driving motor 1, a hydraulic motor 4 and a steering oil pump motor 5;

[0078] A power distribution assembly comprising a battery system assembly A, a battery high-voltage power distribution BDU unit D and a power electronic PEU unit E connected in series; the power electronic PEU unit E is connected with the front PTO motor 3 through a front PTO motor controller M and connected with the hydraulic motor 4 through a hydraulic motor controller K;

[0079] The power electronic PEU unit E comprises a DC-DC frequency converter module I, a DC / AC inverter module F, a motor control MCU module G and a motor control MCU module H; the DC-DC frequency converter module I is connected with a 24V storage battery 8, the DC / AC inverter module F is connected with the steering oil pump motor 5, the motor control MCU module G is connected with the driving motor 1, and the motor control MCU module H is connected with the rear PTO motor 2; the steering oil pump motor 5 is connected with a low-voltage DC / AC inverter N, and the driving motor 1 is connected with a transmission P and a gearbox Q through the transmission P;

[0080] A whole vehicle control VCU unit V is connected with the front PTO motor controller M, a gearbox control TCU unit O and the battery high-voltage power distribution BDU unit D in signal connection respectively; the gearbox control TCU unit O is connected with a gear shifting operating mechanism R; the operating mechanism R is mechanically connected with the gearbox P.

[0081] Preferably, the power distribution assembly further comprises a battery heating system B, a battery cooling system C and a direct-current charging socket L.

[0082] Preferably, the battery heating system B, the battery cooling system C and the direct-current charging socket L are connected with the battery high-voltage power distribution BDU unit D.

[0083] Preferably, the driving motor and the rear PTO motor are provided with a water-cooling heat dissipation module.

[0084] Preferably, the DC-DC converter module I, the motor control MCU module G and the motor control MCU module H are internally provided with cooling water channels.

[0085] Preferably, the battery high-voltage power distribution BDU unit D is further connected with high-voltage electrical accessories.

[0086] Preferably, the high-voltage electrical accessories include a PTC heater 6, an air conditioner 7 and a 220V AC power supply 9.

[0087] Preferably, the 220V AC power supply 9 is connected with an AC power socket Y.

[0088] Preferably, the water-cooled heat dissipation module is composed of two electronic water pumps, two electronic fans, a heat dissipation core, a temperature sensor, a water storage pot and water channels connecting the modules; the two electronic water pumps both draw cooling liquid from the water storage pot.

[0089] Preferably, the battery high-voltage power distribution BDU unit D is further connected with a DC power interface J.

[0090] Preferably, the first electronic water pump of the two electronic water pumps is responsible for heat dissipation of the driving motor, and the second electronic water pump is responsible for heat dissipation of the rear PTO system and the DC-DC converter module I, the motor control MCU module G and the motor control MCU module H.

[0091] Preferably, the vehicle control VCU unit V is further connected with a manual armrest box Z, a liquid crystal display screen S, the 220V AC power supply 9 and a hydraulic motor controller K, respectively.

[0092] The application also provides a power management strategy or method of a pure electric tractor system, comprising the following steps:

[0093] The vehicle control VCU unit V sends torque / speed instructions to the driving motor 1, the front PTO motor 3, the rear PTO motor 2 and the hydraulic motor 4 to control the motor power;

[0094] The DC-DC converter module I, the steering oil pump motor 5, the battery heating system B and the battery cooling system C are turned on as safety essentials, and the 220V AC power supply 9 and the DC power interface J are turned off;

[0095] The allowable use power of the rear PTO motor 2 is ensured to realize the working demand of the whole vehicle;

[0096] The allowable use power of the front PTO motor 3 is ensured to perform front-end auxiliary work under rear-side main working conditions;

[0097] The allowable use power of the driving motor 1 is ensured to realize the walking of the whole vehicle under the priority working condition.

[0098] Guarantee the allowable use power of the hydraulic motor 4 to realize the lifting of the upper system under the driving and working conditions of the whole vehicle.

[0099] Preferably, the allowable use power of the rear PTO motor 2 is:

[0100] P RPmax =P B -P A ;

[0101] In the formula: P RPmax is the allowable use power of the rear PTO motor; P A is the allowable use power of the safety essential item; P B is the real-time discharge power of the battery system after excluding the power of the battery cooling system and the heating system;

[0102] The calculation formula of the real-time discharge power P B of the battery system after excluding the power of the battery cooling system and the heating system is:

[0103] P B =P Bs -P Bh -P Bc ;

[0104] In the formula: P Bs is the real-time discharge power of the battery pack; P Bh is the real-time consumption power of the battery pack heating system; P Bc is the real-time consumption power of the battery pack cooling system; P B is the real-time discharge power of the battery system after excluding the power of the battery cooling system and the heating system;

[0105] Preferably, the allowable use power of the front PTO motor 3 is:

[0106] P FPmax =P B -P A -P RP ;

[0107] In the formula: P RP is the real-time consumption power of the rear PTO; P FPmax is the allowable use power of the front PTO motor.

[0108] Preferably, the allowable use power of the driving motor 1 is:

[0109] P Dmax =P B -P A -P RP -P FP ;

[0110] P = P FP P = P Dmax P = P

[0111] P = P

[0112] P = P ULmax P = P B P = P A P = P RP P = P FP P = P D ;

[0113] P = P D P = P FP P = P ULmax P = P

[0114] The application is based on the above-mentioned system architecture, and meanwhile provides corresponding system power management strategies to realize the availability and stability of the scheme, and meanwhile meets the use condition characteristics of the tractor, meets the use requirements, and realizes the universality of the conditions.

[0115] In order to better illustrate the technical effects of the application, the application provides the following specific embodiment to illustrate the above technical process:

[0116] Embodiment 1, a power management strategy, comprising the following steps:

[0117] In the whole vehicle driving / operation condition:

[0118] Strategy 1, the power management object is the driving motor, the rear PTO motor, the front PTO motor, the steering oil pump motor, the electric air conditioner, the PTC warm air, the 24VDC storage battery discharge power, the vehicle-mounted 220VAC alternating current power supply, the hydraulic motor, the battery cooling system, the battery heating system and the direct current power taking port.

[0119] Strategy 2, the whole vehicle control VCU unit V controls the motor power size through the torque and speed instructions issued to the driving motor 1, the front PTO motor 3, the rear PTO motor 2 and the hydraulic motor controller K. The whole vehicle control VCU unit V controls the air conditioner power through the start-stop instruction issued to the air conditioner 7. The DC-DC frequency converter module I is regarded as a safety essential item, and no power output limitation is performed. The steering oil pump motor 5 is regarded as a safety essential item, and the power output is always maintained. The battery heating system B and the battery cooling system C are regarded as safety essential items, and no power output limitation is performed. The vehicle-mounted 220V AC alternating current power supply 9 is regarded as a non-essential item, and no power output is allowed. At the same time, the direct current power taking interface J is closed, and no direct current discharge is allowed.

[0120] Strategy 3, set the parts allow the use of power limit, based on strategy 2, priority to ensure that the PTO allows the use of power to achieve the vehicle operation requirements.

[0121] Strategy 4, based on strategy 2, 3, exclude the PTO motor 2 real-time power consumption, and then ensure that the PTO motor allows the use of power, in the rear side of the main operation conditions, the front end auxiliary operation can be carried out.

[0122] Strategy 5, based on strategy 2, 3, 4, excluding the PTO motor 3 real-time power consumption, and then ensure that the driving system allows the use of power, to realize the vehicle in the priority operation condition walking.

[0123] Strategy 6, based on strategy 2, 3, 4, 5, excluding the driving system (PTO motor 3 and PTO motor 2) real-time power consumption, and then ensure that the hydraulic motor 4 allows the use of power, to realize the vehicle in the driving, operation conditions, lifting the upper system.

[0124] Among them, the allowable use of power is calculated by the vehicle control VCU unit V, and the parts implement the consumption power is obtained by the vehicle control VCU unit V collecting each MCU state value.

[0125] The power management strategy provided by the scheme is suitable for various similar system architectures. When the vehicle is equipped with multiple electric drive power units, and the power demand of the power unit exceeds the power supply capacity of the battery pack, the power unit priority can be effectively managed. Other commonly used power management strategies for pure electric vehicles, such as fault protection conditions and power management under different SOC conditions of the battery, are not within the scope of discussion of the scheme.

[0126] The application controls the motor power by the vehicle control VCU unit V issuing torque / speed instructions to the driving motor 1, the PTO motor 3, the PTO motor 2 and the hydraulic motor controller K.

[0127] The application controls the power of the air conditioner by the vehicle control VCU unit V issuing start-stop instructions to the air conditioner 7. The DC-DC frequency converter module I, the steering oil pump motor 5, the battery heating system B and the battery cooling system C are turned on, and the vehicle 220V AC power supply 9 and the DC power interface J are turned off.

[0128] I. Combination Figure 1 The system scheme structure of the application is further described in detail:

[0129] The battery system assembly A includes two groups of battery standard packages a and b, is equipped with a battery heating system B for heating the battery system, is equipped with a battery cooling system C for cooling the battery system, and is equipped with a battery high-voltage power distribution BDU unit D to realize battery power distribution management.

[0130] The power electronics PEU unit E integrates a DC-DC frequency converter module I to charge the low-voltage storage battery of the whole vehicle; integrates a DC / AC inverter module F to drive the steering oil pump motor 5 and provide hydraulic steering assistance; integrates a motor control MCU module G to drive the drive motor 1 and realize walking; integrates a motor control MCU module H to drive the rear PTO motor 2 and provide power take-off for the rear end operation of the whole vehicle. At the same time, it has the whole vehicle power distribution function, which provides power distribution and circuit protection for the PTC heater 6, air conditioner 7, vehicle 220V AC power supply 9, DC power supply interface J, hydraulic motor controller K, and front PTO motor controller M.

[0131] The whole vehicle control VCU unit V collects the action information of the driver's throttle, brake, gear, etc., collects the CAN information of the handrail box Z, the battery BMS-CAN information, and the power electronics unit module CAN information, etc., and manages the whole vehicle power-on and power-off, drive control, fault handling, and component power, etc.

[0132] The front PTO motor controller M drives the front PTO motor 3 to realize power take-off for the front end operation of the whole vehicle.

[0133] The hydraulic motor controller K drives the hydraulic motor 4 to provide power for the hydraulic system installed on the whole vehicle and realize the lifting function of the installed equipment.

[0134] The electric hydraulic steering system includes a steering oil pump motor 5, which integrates a low-voltage 24V DC / 220V AC inverter module N to realize short-time driving of the steering oil pump motor 5 in the case of high-voltage power failure emergency and maintain steering.

[0135] The vehicle-mounted 220V AC power supply 9 realizes the provision of 220V AC power supply from the whole vehicle to ground equipment through the AC power supply socket Y output.

[0136] The whole vehicle is equipped with a DC power supply interface J to realize the provision of DC power supply from the whole vehicle to ground equipment.

[0137] The transmission control TCU unit O controls the gear shifting mechanism R to realize the gear switching of the whole vehicle.

[0138] The liquid crystal display screen S displays the running state of the whole vehicle and the key component information by collecting CAN information.

[0139] II. In the whole vehicle driving / operation working condition, the power management strategy steps are as follows:

[0140] Power management strategy formula:

[0141] 1. Prioritize the real-time power available from the battery system assembly A

[0142] P BsReal-time power allowed to discharge for the battery pack;

[0143] P Bh Real-time consumed power for the battery pack heating system;

[0144] P Bc Real-time consumed power for the battery pack cooling system;

[0145] P B Real-time power allowed to discharge for the battery system after excluding the battery cooling system power and the battery heating system power;

[0146] P B = P Bs - P Bh - P Bc ;

[0147] 2. The safety essential electric power is explicitly defined and not limited; and the real-time consumed power is defined as the rated power of the components.

[0148] P A P is the electric accessory power, including the DC-DC frequency converter module I, the steering oil pump power, non-real-time power, constant fixed value.

[0149] 3. Priority is given to the allowed use power of the rear PTO motor 2

[0150] P RPmax P is the allowed use power of the rear PTO motor;

[0151] P RPmax = P B - P A ;

[0152] 4. The second priority is given to the allowed use power of the front PTO motor 3

[0153] P RP P is the real-time consumed power of the rear PTO;

[0154] P FPmax P is the allowed use power of the front PTO motor;

[0155] P FPmax = P B - P A - P RP ;

[0156] 5. The third priority is given to the allowed use power of the drive motor 1

[0157] P FP P is the real-time consumed power of the front PTO motor;

[0158] P Dmax P is the allowed use power of the drive system;

[0159] P Dmax =P B -P A -P RP -P FP ;

[0160] 6、Finally, to ensure the allowable use of power of the upper-mounted hydraulic motor 4

[0161] P D is the real-time consumption power of the driving system;

[0162] P ULmax is the allowable use of power of the upper-mounted hydraulic system;

[0163] P ULmax =P B -P A -P RP -P FP -P D ;

[0164] 7、Wherein, considering the efficiency of the electric driving system, the real-time consumption power of each component is calculated by detecting the voltage and current values in front of each motor controller; if there is no corresponding data or sensor for the corresponding component, the motor speed and torque values can be calculated.

[0165] Example 2, ATS (Advanced Thermal System) heat dissipation module

[0166] In combination Figure 2 , the components and connection relationships of this embodiment are the same as those of example 1, and the only difference is that an ATS heat dissipation module is further provided for each heat generating element; wherein, a water-cooled heat dissipation module is configured for the driving motor 1 and the rear PTO motor 2, and for the DC-DC module I, the MCU module G and the MCU module H, a heat dissipation plate with a cooling water channel is provided inside to dissipate heat for each module and prevent the temperature from being too high to affect the normal work of the corresponding module.

[0167] The water-cooled heat dissipation module is composed of two electronic water pumps, two electronic fans, a heat dissipation core, a temperature sensor, a water storage kettle and water channels connecting each module; electronic water pump 1 and electronic water pump 2 both extract cooling liquid from the water storage kettle, the composition of the cooling liquid is adjusted according to the actual application scene, for example, it can be a solution composed of 80%-20% water+20%-80% alcohol, such as a solution composed of 50% water+50% glycol, or a solution composed of 70% water+30% glycerol; electronic water pump 1 is responsible for the heat dissipation of the driving motor (traveling system), and electronic water pump 2 is responsible for the heat dissipation of the rear PTO system and high-voltage power devices. Electronic water pump 1 extracts cooling liquid and pumps it into driving motor 1 to cool it. Hot water flows out of the water outlet of the motor and flows into the heat dissipation core; electronic water pump 2 extracts cooling liquid and pumps it into rear PTO motor 2, and then into the water inlet of the cooling pipeline of power electronic PEU unit E, and successively flows through the heat dissipation plates of motor control MCU module G, motor control MCU module H and DC-DC frequency converter module I, and finally flows into the heat dissipation core from the water outlet of the cooling pipeline of power electronic PEU unit E; two electronic fans are designed on the heat dissipation core to blow away the heat in the cooling liquid in cooperation with the heat dissipation core; the power supply of the electronic water pump and the electronic fan is low-voltage power supply, and by adjusting the rotating speed of the electronic water pump and the rotating speed of the electronic fan, the heat dissipation capacity of the heat dissipation module can be dynamically adjusted; the inlet water and outlet water of the heat dissipation core are respectively provided with a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the system, and after the temperature signal is collected by vehicle control VCU unit V, the appropriate rotating speed of the electronic water pump and the rotating speed of the electronic fan at this time are judged to avoid the system temperature being too high and also avoid power waste. In addition, a one-way valve is arranged in the pipeline connected with the water outlet of the heat dissipation core, and the function of the one-way valve is that: since the two sets of circulating systems both take water from one place, the backwater will return together, if the water flow resistance is unbalanced, there is a risk that the hot water of one system will flow into the other, and the one-way valve can avoid this problem.

[0168] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only illustrative, for example, the division of the modules, modules or units is only a logical function division, and actual implementation can have another division manner, for example, multiple units, modules or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed.

[0169] The units can or can not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units can be one physical unit or multiple physical units, that is, can be located in one place or can be distributed to multiple different places. According to actual needs, part or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of the embodiment scheme.

[0170] In addition, each of the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in the form of hardware, or in the form of a software functional unit.

[0171] In particular, according to the embodiments disclosed by the present application, the processes described above with reference to the algorithm can be implemented as a computer software program. For example, the embodiments of the present disclosure include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer readable medium, the computer program containing program codes for executing the methods shown in the algorithm. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network by a communication part, and / or installed from a detachable medium. When the computer program is executed by a central processing unit (CPU), the above-mentioned functions defined in the method of the present application are executed. It should be noted that the above-mentioned computer readable medium of the present application can be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium or any combination of the above two. The computer readable storage medium may, for example, but is not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device or apparatus, or any combination of the above.

[0172] The algorithms and block diagrams in the drawings illustrate the possible architectural, functional and operational architectures of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each block in the algorithm or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment, or a portion of code that contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical functions. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the blocks can occur in a different order than that shown in the figures. For example, two blocks that are shown in succession can actually be executed substantially concurrently, or they can sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or algorithms, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or algorithms, can be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system that performs specified functions or operations, or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0173] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any change or replacement within the technical scope disclosed by the present application should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A pure electric vehicle system, the pure electric vehicle being a pure electric tractor, a pure electric off-road vehicle or a pure electric special vehicle, characterized in that, The pure electric vehicle system comprises: a power unit comprising a front PTO motor, a rear PTO motor, a drive motor, a hydraulic motor and a steering oil pump motor; a power distribution assembly comprising a battery system assembly A, a battery high-voltage power distribution BDU unit D and a power electronics PEU unit E connected in sequence; the power electronics PEU unit E is connected with the front PTO motor through a front PTO motor controller M, and is also connected with the hydraulic motor through a hydraulic motor controller K; a power electronics PEU unit E integrating a DC-DC frequency converter module I, a DC / AC inverter module F, a motor control MCU module G and a motor control MCU module H; the DC-DC frequency converter module I is connected with a 24V storage battery, the DC / AC inverter module F is connected with the steering oil pump motor, the motor control MCU module G is connected with the drive motor, and the motor control MCU module H is connected with the rear PTO motor; the steering oil pump motor is connected with a low-voltage DC / AC inverter N, and the drive motor is connected with a transmission P through a gearbox Q; a vehicle control VCU unit V connected with the front PTO motor controller M, a gearbox control TCU unit O and the battery high-voltage power distribution BDU unit D respectively; the gearbox control TCU unit O is connected with a gear shifting operating mechanism R, and the gear shifting operating mechanism R is mechanically connected with the gearbox P.

2. The pure electric vehicle system according to claim 1, wherein: the power distribution assembly further comprises a battery heating system B, a battery cooling system C and a direct current charging socket L; the battery heating system B, the battery cooling system C and the direct current charging socket L are all connected with the battery high-voltage power distribution BDU unit D; the drive motor and the rear PTO motor are provided with a water-cooling heat dissipation module; the DC-DC frequency converter module I, the motor control MCU module G and the motor control MCU module H are internally provided with heat dissipation plates with cooling water channels; the water-cooling heat dissipation module is composed of two electronic water pumps, two electronic fans, a heat dissipation core body, a temperature sensor, a water storage pot and water channels connected between the modules; the two electronic water pumps both draw cooling liquid from the water storage pot; a first electronic water pump in the two electronic water pumps is responsible for heat dissipation of the drive motor, and a second electronic water pump is responsible for heat dissipation of the rear PTO system and the DC-DC frequency converter module I, the motor control MCU module G and the motor control MCU module H.

3. The battery electric vehicle system of claim 2, wherein: the power electronics PEU unit E is further connected with high-voltage electrical accessories; the high-voltage electrical accessories comprise a PTC warm air, an air conditioner compressor and a DC / AC 220V inverter; the DC / AC 220V inverter is connected with an alternating current power taking socket Y.

4. The battery electric vehicle system of claim 3, wherein: the battery high-voltage power distribution BDU unit D is further connected with a direct current power taking interface J.

5. The pure electric vehicle system according to claim 4, wherein: the vehicle control VCU unit V is further connected with an operating input Z, a liquid crystal instrument S and the DC / AC 220V inverter respectively.

6. A power management strategy or method for a pure electric vehicle system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, comprising the following steps: The VCU unit V sends torque / speed instructions to the driving motor, front PTO motor, rear PTO motor and hydraulic motor to control the motor power; The DC-DC frequency converter module I, steering oil pump motor, battery heating system B and battery cooling system C are turned on as safety essentials, and the DC / AC 220V inverter and direct current power supply interface J are turned off; The allowable use power of the rear PTO motor is ensured to realize the working requirement of the whole vehicle; The allowable use power of the front PTO motor is ensured to realize the front auxiliary work under the rear working condition; The allowable use power of the driving motor is ensured to realize the walking of the whole vehicle under the priority working condition; The allowable use power of the hydraulic motor is ensured to realize the lifting of the upper-mounted system under the driving and working conditions.

7. The power management strategy or method of claim 6, wherein: the allowable use power of the rear PTO motor is: P RPmax = P B - P A ; In the formula: P RPmax P is the allowable use power of the rear PTO motor; A P is the allowable use power of the safety essential item; B P is the real-time discharge power of the battery system after excluding the battery heat dissipation system power and the heating system power. The battery system allows discharging real-time power P after excluding the battery heat dissipation system power and the heating system power B The calculation formula is: P B = P Bs - P Bh - P Bc ; wherein: P Bs P is the real-time power allowed to discharge by the battery pack; P Bh P is the real-time power consumed by the battery pack heating system; P Bc P is the real-time power consumed by the battery pack cooling system; P B P is the real-time power allowed to discharge by the battery system excluding the power of the battery cooling system.

8. The power management strategy or method of claim 7, wherein: the allowable use power of the front PTO motor is: P FPmax = P B - P A - P RP ; where: P RP P is the real-time consumption power for the rear PTO; P FPmax P is the allowable use power for the front PTO motor.

9. The power management strategy or method of claim 8, wherein: the allowable use power of the driving motor is: P Dmax = P B - P A - P RP - P FP ; where: P FP is the real-time consumed power of the front PTO motor; P Dmax is the driving system allowed to use power.

10. The power management strategy or method of claim 9, wherein: the allowable use power of the hydraulic motor is: P ULmax = P B - P A - P RP - P FP - P D ; where: P D P is the real-time consumption power of the drive system; FP P is the real-time consumption power of the front PTO motor; ULmax P is the allowable use power of the upper-mounted hydraulic system.

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