Device for switching axle distances of trays

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for pallet wheelbase switching, which comprises a transportation part and two automobile combined pallets on the transportation part, locking plates are mounted on the sides, close to a wheelbase switching mechanism, of the two automobile combined pallets, and a plurality of locking grooves are formed in the sides, close to the wheelbase switching mechanism, of the locking plates. The two locking plates are provided with linkage rods correspondingly, two axle distance switching mechanisms are arranged on one side of a transportation piece, linkage holes are formed in the sides, close to the axle distance switching mechanisms, of the linkage rods, and the two axle distance switching mechanisms are used in cooperation with the two automobile combination trays through the two linkage rods and the locking grooves correspondingly. Therefore, the switching of the wheelbase between the automobile combined trays is completed; the automatic wheel base switching device can achieve automatic wheel base switching, reduces manual operation, and improves production efficiency and safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of automobile assembly, and in particular to a device for switching the wheelbase of a pallet. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization of intelligent factories, various automated equipment has been used and introduced in automobile factories. As an important assembly process in the general assembly profession, chassis assembly has high technical requirements for equipment. Therefore, the introduction of automatic assembly equipment is increasingly being used by OEMs. Multiple models are produced on the same line, and different models have different wheelbases. Different wheelbases have a significant impact on automatic assembly technology.

[0003] However, in the existing technology, the wheelbase switching of the pallet is mostly done manually, and the wheelbase switching has low accuracy and low automation, which cannot meet the needs of automated transfer. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problem, the present invention provides a device for switching the wheelbase of a pallet to solve the problem.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for switching the wheelbase of a pallet comprises a transport member and two automobile multi-assembly pallets on the transport member, wherein a locking plate is installed on one side of the two automobile multi-assembly pallets close to a wheelbase switching mechanism, a plurality of locking grooves are provided on the locking plate on one side close to the wheelbase switching mechanism, a linkage rod is provided on both locking plates, two wheelbase switching mechanisms are provided on one side of the transport member, a linkage hole is provided on the one side of the linkage rod close to the wheelbase switching mechanism, and the two wheelbase switching mechanisms are used in conjunction with the two automobile multi-assembly pallets through the two linkage rods and the locking grooves, respectively, to complete the switching of the wheelbases between the automobile multi-assembly pallets.

[0007] It is further configured as follows: the wheelbase switching mechanism includes two groups of raising columns, the two groups of raising columns are provided with mounting plates, and guide rails are installed on the mounting plates, the setting direction of the guide rails is parallel to the setting direction of the transport parts, a moving component is slidably arranged on the guide rails, and the moving component is provided with a locking component adapted to the locking groove and a switching component adapted to the linkage hole.

[0008] It is further configured as follows: a rack is provided on either side of the lower surface of the mounting plate parallel to the transport member, the tooth end of the rack is vertically arranged downward, the moving component includes a walking plate slidably arranged on the guide rail, a walking motor is installed on the lower surface of the walking plate, and the output end of the walking motor is connected to a gear meshing with the rack.

[0009] The further configuration is as follows: the locking assembly comprises a U-shaped plate installed on one side of the linkage rod and placed horizontally, the U-shaped plate is arranged with its open end facing the transport member, horizontal shafts are fixed on both sides of the U-shaped plate, a locking block that can rotate around the shaft is sleeved on the shaft, the locking block is adapted to and can be snapped into the locking groove, a torsion spring connected to the locking block is also sleeved on the shaft, and a pallet locking rod is installed on the side of the locking block facing away from the shaft.

[0010] The further configuration is as follows: the switching assembly includes a cylinder fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the walking board, an expansion plate is installed on the telescopic end of the cylinder, a push rod for driving the pallet locking rod is installed on the side of the expansion plate close to the transport member, and a linkage pin that can be inserted into the linkage hole is also installed on the side of the expansion plate close to the transport member. During the process of inserting the linkage pin into the linkage hole, the push rod simultaneously pushes the pallet locking rod, so that the locking block connected to the pallet locking rod rotates around the axis body, so that it disengages from the locking groove.

[0011] It is further configured that: the relationship between the stroke of the linkage pin and the rotation angle of the pallet locking rod is expressed as:

[0012] S=r·sin31°-r·sin(31°-θ);

[0013] Where S is the stroke of the linkage pin, r is the rotation radius of the pallet lock rod, and θ is the rotation center angle of the pallet lock rod.

[0014] It is further configured that: the locking groove is configured in a trapezoidal shape, and the action end of the locking block that cooperates with the locking block is also configured in a trapezoidal shape that is compatible therewith.

[0015] It is further configured as follows: a connecting block is provided on the push rod, and a third photoelectric detection switch for detecting the position of the tray locking rod is installed on the connecting block.

[0016] It is further configured to include: a photoelectric detection switch for detecting whether the automobile assembly pallet has reached the wheelbase switching position and a second photoelectric detection switch for detecting whether the locking block has been switched into place.

[0017] It is further configured to include: a controller which is simultaneously connected to the first photoelectric detection switch, the second photoelectric detection switch, the third photoelectric detection switch, the cylinder and the travel motor by signal or by electricity.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0019] The present invention can realize automatic wheelbase switching, reduce manual operations, and improve production efficiency and safety: the locking block realizes the precise positioning and locking of the automobile multi-assembly pallet, improves the parking accuracy and convenience of the automobile multi-assembly pallet, the switching component drives the push rod through the cylinder, the push rod pushes the locking block, so that the locking block unlocks the automobile multi-assembly pallet, and the travel motor drives the automobile multi-assembly pallet to realize wheelbase displacement. After the automobile multi-assembly pallet is switched into place, the locking block connected to the torsion spring automatically returns to its position and is locked, thereby realizing automatic adjustment of the wheelbase of the automobile multi-assembly pallet and precise positioning, meeting the needs of automation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 A top view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of two sets of wheelbase switching mechanisms;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a pallet for a car;

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a single wheelbase switching mechanism;

[0025] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a mobile component;

[0026] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a locking assembly;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the linkage between the locking component and the switching component;

[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point A;

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the shape of the locking block;

[0030] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the rotation path of the tray lock rod.

[0031] 1. Tray assembly; 2. Car assembly pallet; 3. Locking plate; 4. Locking groove; 5. Bottom plate; 6. Heightening column; 7. Mounting plate; 8. Guide rail; 9. Rack; 10. Traveling plate; 11. Traveling motor; 12. Gear; 13. Linkage rod; 14. U-shaped plate; 15. Axle; 16. Locking block; 17. Torsion spring; 18. Pallet locking rod; 19. Cylinder; 20. Expansion plate; 21. Push rod; 22. Connecting block; 23. Third photoelectric detection switch; 24. Linkage pin; 25. Linkage hole; 26. First column; 27. First photoelectric detection switch; 28. Second column; 29. ​​Second photoelectric detection switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] Example

[0036] Reference Figure 1-Figure 10 , is a device for switching the wheelbase of a pallet disclosed in the present invention, comprising a transport member 1, two automobile assembly pallets 2 on the transport member 1, and a wheelbase switching mechanism used in conjunction with the two automobile assembly pallets 2. In this embodiment, the transport member 1 is a roller bed;

[0037] Furthermore, a locking plate 3 is installed on one side of the two automobile assembly pallets 2 close to the wheelbase switching mechanism, and a plurality of locking grooves 4 are provided on one side of the locking plate 3 close to the wheelbase switching mechanism, and the plurality of locking grooves 4 are arranged in an array along the direction of the rolling bed;

[0038] In this embodiment, a bottom plate 5 is provided on one side of the roller bed, and the wheelbase switching mechanism is provided in two groups and both are installed on the bottom plate 5, and the two groups of wheelbase switching mechanisms are respectively provided in cooperation with the locking groove 4;

[0039] Specifically, the wheelbase switching mechanism includes two groups of pad columns 6, and mounting plates 7 are provided on the two groups of pad columns 6 through bolts, and guide rails 8 are installed on the mounting plates 7, and the setting direction of the guide rails 8 is parallel to the setting direction of the roller bed, and a moving component is slidably provided on the guide rails 8, and a locking component and a switching component are provided on the moving component;

[0040] When the two automobile multi-assembly pallets 2 are in place, the locking assembly can be clamped on the locking groove 4, thereby completing the locking of the automobile multi-assembly pallets 2. When the wheelbase needs to be switched, the switching assembly can automatically unlock the locking assembly and adjust the spacing of the automobile multi-assembly pallets 2.

[0041] In this embodiment, a rack 9 is provided on any side parallel to the lower surface of the mounting plate 7, and the tooth end of the rack 9 is vertically arranged downward, the moving assembly includes a walking plate 10 slidably arranged on the guide rail 8, a walking motor 11 is installed on the lower surface of the walking plate 10, and a gasket is connected between the walking motor 11 and the walking plate 10, and the output end of the walking motor 11 is connected to a gear 12 meshing with the rack 9;

[0042] In this embodiment, a linkage rod 13 is fixedly mounted on the locking plate 3, and the locking assembly includes a U-shaped plate 14 which is mounted on one side of the linkage rod 13 and is horizontally arranged, and the U-shaped plate 14 is arranged with its open end facing the roller bed, and a horizontally arranged shaft 15 is fixed on both sides of the U-shaped plate 14, and a locking block 16 which can rotate around the shaft 15 is sleeved, and the locking block 16 is adapted to the locking groove 4 and can be clamped in the locking groove 4, and a torsion spring 17 connected to the locking block 16 is also sleeved on the shaft 15, and a pallet locking rod 18 is installed on the side of the locking block 16 away from the shaft 15;

[0043] In this embodiment, the switching assembly includes a cylinder 19 fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the walking plate 10, and an expansion plate 20 is installed at the telescopic end of the cylinder 19. A push rod 21 is installed on the side of the expansion plate 20 close to the roller bed, and the push rod 21 and the pallet locking rod 18 are located in the same vertical plane perpendicular to the setting direction of the roller bed, and the push rod 21 and the pallet locking rod 18 are located at the same height, so that when the telescopic end of the cylinder 19 is extended, it can drive the push rod 21 to push the pallet locking rod 18;

[0044] Furthermore, a connecting block 22 is provided on the push rod 21, and a third photoelectric detection switch 23 is installed on the connecting block 22, and the third photoelectric detection switch 23 is used to detect the position of the tray locking rod 18;

[0045] Furthermore, a linkage pin 24 is installed on the side of the expansion plate 20 close to the roller bed, and a linkage hole 25 is opened on the linkage rod 13 to slide with the linkage pin 24. When the wheelbase of the automobile assembly pallet 2 needs to be switched, the telescopic end of the cylinder 19 is extended to drive the linkage pin 24 to be inserted into the linkage hole 25, and when the linkage pin 24 is inserted into the linkage hole 25, the push rod 21 simultaneously pushes the pallet locking rod 18, so that the locking block 16 connected to the pallet locking rod 18 rotates around the shaft 15, so that it is out of the locking groove 4, and when the linkage pin 24 is in place, the locking block 16 is unlocked; after unlocking, the output shaft of the travel motor 11 rotates, driving the gear 12 to rotate, and the gear 12 drives the travel motor 11 to move The walking plate 10 connected to the walking motor 11 moves accordingly, driving the cylinder 19 arranged on the walking plate 10 to move, driving the linkage shaft arranged on the telescopic end of the cylinder 19 to move. At this time, the linkage shaft sleeve is in the linkage hole 25 on the linkage rod 13, so that the linkage shaft drives the linkage rod 13 to move, and then drives the automobile assembly pallet 2 connected to the linkage rod 13 to move along the direction in which the roller bed is set (i.e., the wheelbase direction). When the locking block 16 is aligned with the next locking groove 4, the telescopic end of the cylinder 19 retracts, and the push rod 21 no longer pushes the pallet locking rod 18. Under the reset action of the torsion spring 17, the locking block 16 rotates around the shaft body 15, so as to be re-engaged in the next locking groove 4, and the locking of the automobile assembly pallet 2 is completed;

[0046] Reference Fig.10 In the present invention, the relationship between the stroke of the linkage pin 24 and the rotation angle of the tray lock rod 18 is expressed as: S = r·sin31°-r·sin(31°-θ);

[0047] Where S is the stroke of the linkage pin, r is the rotation radius of the pallet lock rod, and θ is the rotation center angle of the pallet lock rod;

[0048] In this embodiment, a first column 26 is further mounted on the bottom plate 5, and a first photoelectric detection switch 27 is mounted on the first column 26 for detecting whether the automobile multi-assembly tray 2 has reached the wheelbase switching position;

[0049] A second column 28 mounted on the bottom plate 5 is provided at both sets of switching components, and a second photoelectric detection switch 29 for detecting whether the locking block 16 is switched into place is installed on the second column 28 .

[0050] The present invention also provides a controller, which is simultaneously connected to the first photoelectric detection switch 27, the second photoelectric detection switch 29, the third photoelectric detection switch 23, the cylinder 19 and the travel motor 11 by signal or electrical connection. When the second photoelectric detection switch 29 detects that the lock block 16 is in place, the controller receives a signal and controls the telescopic end of the cylinder 19 to retract, thereby completing the automatic adjustment of the wheelbase of the automobile assembly pallet 2.

[0051] In the present invention, the locking groove 4 is set to be trapezoidal, and the active end of the locking block 16 that cooperates with the locking block is also set to be a trapezoidal shape that matches it.

[0052] The present invention designs a locking block to achieve precise positioning and locking of the automobile multi-assembly pallet 2, thereby improving the parking accuracy and convenience of the automobile multi-assembly pallet 2. The switching component drives the push rod 21 through the cylinder 19, and the push rod 21 pushes the locking block 16, so that the locking block 16 unlocks the automobile multi-assembly pallet 2. The travel motor 11 drives the automobile multi-assembly pallet 2 to achieve wheelbase displacement. After the automobile multi-assembly pallet 2 is switched into place, the locking block 16 connected to the torsion spring 17 automatically returns to its position and is locked, thereby achieving automatic adjustment of the wheelbase of the automobile multi-assembly pallet 2 and precise positioning, thereby meeting the needs of automation.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for switching the wheelbase of a pallet, characterized in that: The invention comprises a transport member (1), two automobile assembly pallets (2) on the transport member (1), a locking plate (3) being installed on one side of the two automobile assembly pallets (2) close to a wheelbase switching mechanism, a plurality of locking grooves (4) being provided on the locking plate (3) close to the wheelbase switching mechanism, a linkage rod (13) being provided on each of the two locking plates (3), two wheelbase switching mechanisms being provided on one side of the transport member (1), a linkage hole (25) being provided on the side of the linkage rod (13) close to the wheelbase switching mechanism, and the two wheelbase switching mechanisms being used in cooperation with the two automobile assembly pallets (2) through the two linkage rods (13) and the locking grooves (4) to complete the switching of the wheelbases between the automobile assembly pallets (2).

2. A device for switching the wheelbase of a pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wheelbase switching mechanism comprises two groups of heightening columns (6), the two groups of heightening columns (6) are provided with mounting plates (7), and the mounting plates (7) are provided with guide rails (8), the setting direction of the guide rails (8) is parallel to the setting direction of the transport member (1), a moving component is slidably arranged on the guide rails (8), and the moving component is provided with a locking component adapted to the locking groove (4) and a switching component adapted to the linkage hole (25).

3. A device for switching the wheelbase of a pallet according to claim 2, characterized in that: A rack (9) is arranged on either side of the lower surface of the mounting plate (7) parallel to the transport member (1), and the tooth end of the rack (9) is arranged vertically downward. The moving assembly comprises a walking plate (10) slidably arranged on the guide rail (8), and a walking motor (11) is installed on the lower surface of the walking plate (10), and the output end of the walking motor (11) is connected to a gear (12) meshing with the rack (9).

4. The device for switching the wheelbase of a pallet according to claim 3, characterized in that: The locking assembly comprises a U-shaped plate (14) installed on one side of the linkage rod (13) and arranged horizontally, the U-shaped plate (14) being arranged with its opening facing the transport member (1), a horizontally arranged shaft (15) being fixed on both sides of the U-shaped plate (14), a locking block (16) being sleeved on the shaft (15) and being capable of rotating around the shaft, the locking block (16) being adapted to the locking groove (4) and being capable of being snapped into the locking groove (4), a torsion spring (17) connected to the locking block (16) being sleeved on the shaft (15), and a pallet locking rod (18) being installed on the side of the locking block (16) facing away from the shaft (15).

5. The device for switching the wheelbase of a pallet according to claim 4, characterized in that: The switching assembly comprises a cylinder (19) fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the walking plate (10), an expansion plate (20) being installed at the telescopic end of the cylinder (19), a push rod (21) for driving the pallet locking rod (18) being installed on the side of the expansion plate (20) close to the transport member (1), and a linkage pin (24) capable of being inserted into a linkage hole (25) being also installed on the side of the expansion plate (20) close to the transport member (1), and during the process of the linkage pin (24) being inserted into the linkage hole (25), the push rod (21) simultaneously pushes the pallet locking rod (18), so that the locking block (16) connected to the pallet locking rod (18) rotates around the shaft (15), so that it is disengaged from the locking groove (4).

6. The device for switching the wheelbase of a pallet according to claim 5, characterized in that: The relationship between the stroke of the linkage pin (24) and the rotation angle of the pallet locking rod (18) is expressed as follows: S=r·sin31°-r·sin(31°-θ); Where S is the stroke of the linkage pin, r is the rotation radius of the pallet lock rod, and θ is the rotation center angle of the pallet lock rod.

7. The device for switching the wheelbase of a pallet according to claim 4, characterized in that: The locking groove (4) is arranged in a trapezoidal shape, and the active end of the locking block (16) that cooperates with the locking block is also arranged in a trapezoidal shape that matches the locking block.

8. The device for switching the wheelbase of a pallet according to claim 5, characterized in that: The push rod (21) is provided with a connecting block (22), and a third photoelectric detection switch (23) for detecting the position of the tray locking rod (18) is installed on the connecting block (22).

9. The device for switching the wheelbase of a pallet according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a photoelectric detection switch for detecting whether the automobile assembly pallet (2) has reached the wheelbase switching position and a second photoelectric detection switch (29) for detecting whether the locking block (16) has switched into position.

10. The device for switching the wheelbase of a pallet according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a controller which is simultaneously signal-connected or electrically connected to the first photoelectric detection switch (27), the second photoelectric detection switch (29), the third photoelectric detection switch (23), the cylinder (19) and the travel motor (11).

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