Method for manufacturing ceramic raw material by using building waste cement blocks, waste ash blocks and waste bricks

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a ceramic raw material by using building waste cement blocks, waste ash blocks and waste bricks, which comprises the following steps: coarsely crushing waste materials through a crusher to respectively obtain waste cement particles, waste ash block particles and waste brick particles; the waste cement particles and the waste brick particles are placed in a pulverizer to be finely ground, and first mixed powder is obtained; the waste cement particles and the waste ash block particles are placed in a pulverizer for fine grinding, and second mixed powder is obtained; adding the second mixed powder and an anti-agglomeration agent into the first mixed powder, and uniformly stirring to obtain third mixed powder; and adding a dispergator into the third mixed powder for ball milling. According to the method, the hardness characteristic of the waste cement is utilized, the waste cement is doped into the grinding process of the waste ash block and the waste brick block so as to improve the respective grinding effect, meanwhile, the effect of the anti-agglomeration agent is utilized to avoid agglomeration of oxides in the powder and influence on the performance of a final product, and finally, the effect of the dispergator is matched to obtain the ceramic raw material with uniform performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic raw materials, in particular to a method for making ceramic raw materials by utilizing construction waste cement blocks, waste ash blocks and waste brick blocks. Background Art

[0002] Construction waste refers to construction waste generated in the project due to human or natural reasons, including waste bricks, waste cement blocks, waste ash blocks, waste slag soil, waste soil, silt and waste materials, etc. These materials are of no help to the building itself, but they are substances generated in the process of construction and need to be processed accordingly in order to achieve the ideal project construction. Because it is an overall process, the consideration of its links is more important.

[0003] With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, the construction industry has also developed rapidly, and the amount of construction waste generated has increased day by day. However, most of the construction waste is transported to the suburbs or villages by construction units without any treatment, and is piled up in the open air or landfilled, consuming a large amount of construction funds such as land acquisition fees and garbage removal fees. At the same time, the spillage and flying dust and sand during the removal and stacking process have caused serious environmental pollution.

[0004] As a major producer of ceramics, China's ceramics industry consumes a large amount of clay, feldspar and quartz every year. In addition, ceramics are fragile and are often landfilled or piled up after being broken. Under the action of acidic microorganisms, toxic elements are gradually dissolved and seep into the soil, destroying the quality of groundwater and endangering the growth of crops and human health. How to find other minerals as substitutes is an urgent problem that ceramic companies need to solve. Among the construction waste, the demolition amount of waste bricks is the largest. In the prior art, the construction waste of waste bricks is generally crushed and then added to cement as sand and gravel for ground treatment, and the value of waste bricks cannot be further utilized. There is also a technology that grinds bricks into powder and then adds them to the brick making process to replace part of the clay. There is also a technology that grinds bricks into powder and adds them to clay so that they can be used to make ceramic raw materials. However, waste bricks themselves contain a large amount of SiO2 and Al2O3 components. Using clay will increase the cost of the product. The construction materials also contain common construction waste such as waste cement blocks and waste ash blocks. The waste cement blocks are mainly mixed with cement, sand, lightweight aggregate, etc. The main component of the waste ash blocks is calcium oxide. These materials are all waste materials that need to be processed in the process of demolition and construction, renovation or wall decoration of houses. Therefore, if the construction waste is utilized and combined into materials suitable for making ceramic raw materials, after such treatment, the waste construction materials can be turned into treasures, further improving their recycling value. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for making ceramic raw materials using construction waste cement blocks, waste ash blocks and waste brick blocks to solve the above-mentioned traditional technical problems.

[0006] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for making ceramic raw materials using construction waste cement blocks, waste ash blocks and waste brick blocks, comprising the following preparation steps:

[0008] S1: Collect waste cement blocks, waste ash blocks and waste brick blocks in construction waste respectively, and use a crusher to roughly crush the waste materials to obtain waste cement particles, waste ash block particles and waste brick block particles respectively;

[0009] S2: placing waste cement particles and waste brick particles in a grinding machine and grinding them finely to obtain a first mixed powder; wherein the mixing ratio of the waste cement particles to the waste brick particles is 1:(3-6);

[0010] S3: placing the waste cement particles and the waste ash block particles in a grinding machine and grinding them finely to obtain a second mixed powder; wherein the mixing ratio of the waste cement particles and the waste ash block particles is 1:(1-3);

[0011] S4: adding the second mixed powder and the anti-agglomeration agent to the first mixed powder, stirring evenly, to obtain a third mixed powder, wherein the mixing ratio of the first mixed powder, the second mixed powder, and the anti-agglomeration agent is 1: (0.5-0.8): (0.1-0.4);

[0012] S4: adding a debonding agent to the third mixed powder and performing ball milling to obtain.

[0013] In the preparation steps of the present invention, the hardness characteristics of waste cement are utilized and added to the grinding process of waste ash blocks and waste bricks respectively to improve their respective crushing effects. At the same time, the anti-agglomeration agent is utilized to prevent the agglomeration of various oxides in the powder from affecting the performance of the final product. Finally, the debonding agent is used to obtain a ceramic raw material with the required performance.

[0014] Furthermore, the particle size of the waste cement particles is 5-20 mm, the particle size of the waste ash block particles is 1-10 mm, and the particle size of the waste brick block particles is 5-20 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the particle size of the first mixed powder is 0.5-1 mm, the particle size of the second mixed powder is 0.1-0.3 mm, and the particle size of the third mixed powder is 10-20 μm. Using materials of different particle sizes can improve the crushing effect during the grinding and ball milling process, and at the same time, it is also convenient for the uniform distribution of each material in the subsequent mixing process, so that the performance of the product is more uniform.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S2, the step of detecting the composition of the first mixed powder and controlling the composition of the first mixed powder to be in the following proportions is also included:

[0017] SiO2:Al2O3:Fe2O3:first other inevitable components=(50-60):(30-40):(2-10):(0.1-1).

[0018] When there are differences in the mix ratio, the amount of waste cement particles and waste brick particles added can be adjusted to meet the requirements.

[0019] Furthermore, the first other inevitable components include: MgO, CaO, K2O and Na2O, MgO:CaO:K2O:Na2O=(0.1-1):(0.1-1):(0.1-1):(0.1-1).

[0020] The first other inevitable components may also include other oxides, depending on the requirements of the collected construction waste and ceramic raw materials.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S3, the step of detecting the composition of the second mixed powder and controlling the composition of the second mixed powder to be in the following proportions is also included:

[0022] CaCO3:Ca(OH)2:CaO:SiO2:Al2O3:Fe2O3:Second other inevitable components = (15-35): (20-30): (5-10): (30-45): (5-10): (1-3): (0.1-1).

[0023] When there are differences in the mix ratio, the amount of waste cement particles and waste brick particles added can be adjusted to meet the requirements.

[0024] Furthermore, the second other inevitable components include: MgO, CaO, K2O and Na2O, MgO:CaO:K2O:Na2O=(0.1-1):(0.1-1):(0.1-1):(0.1-1).

[0025] The second other inevitable component may also include other oxides, depending on the requirements of the collected construction waste and ceramic raw materials.

[0026] Furthermore, in step S4, the anti-agglomeration agent is a combination of silicone and one or more of aluminum chloride, calcium chloride, and ammonium sulfate in a mass ratio of 1: (0.1-0.5), which can not only play an anti-agglomeration effect, but also fill the gaps between the particles to make the performance of the product uniform in all aspects.

[0027] Furthermore, in step S5, the disintegrator is one or more of a polyelectrolyte disintegrator, an inorganic disintegrator, and a polycarboxylic acid-based water reducing agent.

[0028] Furthermore, the polyelectrolyte disintegrator is one or more of sodium humate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium lignin sulfonate.

[0029] Furthermore, the inorganic dissolving agent is water glass and / or sodium tripolyphosphate.

[0030] Furthermore, the polycarboxylic acid water reducer is one or more of methacrylic acid / methyl acrylate copolymer, allyl ether copolymer, amide / imide type polycarboxylic acid polymer, and amphoteric polycarboxylic acid water reducer.

[0031] Furthermore, the amount of the disintegrator added is 1-5 wt % of the dry material amount of the third mixed powder.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] The method of the present invention utilizes the hardness characteristics of waste cement and adds it to the grinding process of waste ash blocks and waste bricks to improve their respective crushing effects. At the same time, the anti-agglomeration agent is used to prevent the agglomeration of various oxides in the powder from affecting the performance of the final product. Finally, with the help of the debonding agent, a ceramic raw material with uniform performance is obtained. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments. In the following embodiments, the ratios are all mass ratios, the anti-agglomeration agent is silicone and aluminum chloride in a mass ratio of 1:0.4, and the degumming agent is sodium tripolyphosphate.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] A method for making ceramic raw materials comprises the following steps:

[0037] S1: Collect waste cement blocks, waste ash blocks and waste brick blocks from construction waste respectively, use a crusher to roughly crush the waste materials, filter out other useless impurities such as plastics, iron rods, etc., and obtain 5-20mm waste cement particles, 1-10mm waste ash block particles and 5-20mm waste brick block particles respectively;

[0038] S2: placing waste cement particles and waste brick particles in a mass ratio of 1:3 in a grinding machine and grinding them finely to obtain a first mixed powder of 0.5-1 mm; after testing, the composition ratio of the first mixed powder is SiO2:Al2O3:Fe2O3:MgO:CaO:K2O:Na2O=52.3:34.1:10:0.1:0.1:0.1:0.1 (mass ratio);

[0039] S3: placing waste cement particles and waste ash block particles in a mass ratio of 1:1 in a grinding machine and grinding them finely to obtain a second mixed powder of 0.1-0.3 mm; after testing, the composition ratio of the second mixed powder is CaCO3:Ca(OH)2:CaO:SiO2:Al2O3:Fe2O3:MgO:CaO:K2O:Na2O=16.3:21.5:5.5:32.3:5.5:1.2:0.1:0.1:0.1:0.1 (mass ratio);

[0040] S4: mixing the first mixed powder, the second mixed powder and the anti-agglomeration agent in a mass ratio of 1:0.5:0.1, stirring evenly to obtain a third mixed powder of 10-20 μm;

[0041] S4: adding a debonding agent to the third mixed powder and performing ball milling to obtain, wherein the amount of the debonding agent added is 3wt% of the dry material amount of the third mixed powder.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] A method for making ceramic raw materials comprises the following steps:

[0044] S1: Collect waste cement blocks, waste ash blocks and waste brick blocks from construction waste respectively, use a crusher to roughly crush the waste materials, filter out other useless impurities such as plastics, iron rods, etc., and obtain 5-20mm waste cement particles, 1-10mm waste ash block particles and 5-20mm waste brick block particles respectively;

[0045] S2: placing waste cement particles and waste brick particles in a mass ratio of 1:3.5 in a grinding machine and grinding them finely to obtain a first mixed powder of 0.5-1 mm; after testing, the composition ratio of the first mixed powder is SiO2:Al2O3:Fe2O3:MgO:CaO:K2O:Na2O=55.8:35.3:9:0.1:0.1:0.1:0.1 (mass ratio);

[0046] S3: placing waste cement particles and waste ash block particles in a mass ratio of 1:1.5 in a grinding machine for fine grinding to obtain a second mixed powder of 0.1-0.3 mm; after testing, the composition ratio of the second mixed powder is CaCO3:Ca(OH)2:CaO:SiO2:Al2O3:Fe2O3:MgO:CaO:K2O:Na2O=18.1:23.6:5.5:30.2:6.5:1.4:0.1:0.1:0.1:0.1 (mass ratio);

[0047] S4: mixing the first mixed powder, the second mixed powder and the anti-agglomeration agent in a mass ratio of 1:0.5:0.1, stirring evenly to obtain a third mixed powder of 10-20 μm;

[0048] S4: adding a debonding agent to the third mixed powder and performing ball milling to obtain, wherein the amount of the debonding agent added is 3wt% of the dry material amount of the third mixed powder.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] A method for making ceramic raw materials comprises the following steps:

[0051] S1: Collect waste cement blocks, waste ash blocks and waste brick blocks from construction waste respectively, use a crusher to roughly crush the waste materials, filter out other useless impurities such as plastics, iron rods, etc., and obtain 5-20mm waste cement particles, 1-10mm waste ash block particles and 5-20mm waste brick block particles respectively;

[0052] S2: placing waste cement particles and waste brick particles in a mass ratio of 1:4 in a grinding machine and grinding them finely to obtain a first mixed powder of 0.5-1 mm; after testing, the composition ratio of the first mixed powder is SiO2:Al2O3:Fe2O3:MgO:CaO:K2O:Na2O=52.5:39.1:8.1:0.1:0.1:0.1:0.1 (mass ratio);

[0053] S3: placing waste cement particles and waste ash block particles in a mass ratio of 1:1.5 in a grinding machine for fine grinding to obtain a second mixed powder of 0.1-0.3 mm; after testing, the composition ratio of the second mixed powder is CaCO3:Ca(OH)2:CaO:SiO2:Al2O3:Fe2O3:MgO:CaO:K2O:Na2O=18.1:23.6:5.5:30.2:6.5:1.4:0.1:0.1:0.1:0.1 (mass ratio);

[0054] S4: mixing the first mixed powder, the second mixed powder and the anti-agglomeration agent in a mass ratio of 1:0.5:0.1, stirring evenly to obtain a third mixed powder of 10-20 μm;

[0055] S4: adding a debonding agent to the third mixed powder and performing ball milling to obtain, wherein the amount of the debonding agent added is 3wt% of the dry material amount of the third mixed powder.

[0056] Example 4

[0057] A method for making ceramic raw materials comprises the following steps:

[0058] S1: Collect waste cement blocks, waste ash blocks and waste brick blocks from construction waste respectively, use a crusher to roughly crush the waste materials, filter out other useless impurities such as plastics, iron rods, etc., and obtain 5-20mm waste cement particles, 1-10mm waste ash block particles and 5-20mm waste brick block particles respectively;

[0059] S2: placing waste cement particles and waste brick particles in a mass ratio of 1:6 in a grinding machine and grinding them finely to obtain a first mixed powder of 0.5-1 mm; after testing, the composition ratio of the first mixed powder is SiO2:Al2O3:Fe2O3:MgO:CaO:K2O:Na2O=57.2:35.5:7.5:0.1:0.1:0.1:0.1 (mass ratio);

[0060] S3: placing waste cement particles and waste ash block particles in a mass ratio of 1:3 in a grinding machine and grinding them finely to obtain a second mixed powder of 0.1-0.3 mm; after testing, the composition ratio of the second mixed powder is CaCO3:Ca(OH)2:CaO:SiO2:Al2O3:Fe2O3:MgO:CaO:K2O:Na2O=23.6:28.4:5.5:41.2:6.5:1.4:0.1:0.1:0.1:0.1 (mass ratio);

[0061] S4: mixing the first mixed powder, the second mixed powder and the anti-agglomeration agent in a mass ratio of 1:0.5:0.1, stirring evenly to obtain a third mixed powder of 10-20 μm;

[0062] S4: adding a debonding agent to the third mixed powder and performing ball milling to obtain, wherein the amount of the debonding agent added is 3wt% of the dry material amount of the third mixed powder.

[0063] Comparative Example 1

[0064] Different from Example 1, the method of Comparative Example 1 is:

[0065] Waste cement blocks, waste ash blocks and waste brick blocks in a mass ratio of 2:1:3 are crushed into powders of 0.5-1 mm respectively, and then 0.1 wt% of an anti-agglomeration agent and 3 wt% of a debonding agent are added and ball milled to obtain the product.

[0066] Comparative Example 2

[0067] Different from Example 1, the particle size of the first mixed powder of Comparative Example 2 is 3 mm, and the component composition ratio of the first mixed powder is SiO2:Al2O3:Fe2O3:MgO:CaO:K2O:Na2O=70:34.1:10:0.1:0.1:0.1:0.1, and the other steps and proportions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0068] Comparative Example 3

[0069] The difference from Example 1 is that the amount of the debonding agent added in Comparative Example 3 is 0.9wt% of the dry material amount of the third mixed powder, and the other steps and proportions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0070] Performance Testing

[0071] (1) Slurry fluidity test

[0072] Mix the ceramic raw materials with pure water in a mass ratio of 1:0.3 to prepare slurry. Pour the prepared slurry into a 100ml Tu-4 cup. After standing for 3 seconds, use a stopwatch to record the time taken for the slurry to flow out completely. Control the slurry temperature at 25°C and take the average of three measurements, which is the flow rate of the slurry.

[0073] (2) Wear resistance test

[0074] The slurry was used to prepare a 1*1 cm ceramic test product according to the ceramic preparation process. The Rockwell hardness test method was used to test the hardness of the surface of the ceramic test product at different positions, and the average value of three measurements was taken.

[0075] (3) Gas permeability test

[0076] The slurry was used to prepare a 1*1 cm ceramic test product according to the ceramic preparation process, and the product was tested using a gas permeability tester, and the average value of three measurements was taken.

[0077] (4) Compressive strength test

[0078] The compressive strength test of the samples was carried out in accordance with GB / T29554-2010.

[0079] (5) The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0080] Table 1

[0081] project Liquidity / s Wear resistance / HR <![CDATA[Gas permeability / m 3 / (m 2 ·h·kPa)]]> Compressive strength / MPa Comparative Example 1 69.3 26 1652 26 Comparative Example 2 62.1 46 1536 62 Comparative Example 3 75.6 32 1345 40 Example 1 52.3 42 1263 45 Example 2 55.1 45 1257 48 Example 3 54.6 39 1269 53 Example 4 58.2 52 1273 59

[0082] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for making ceramic raw materials using construction waste cement blocks, waste ash blocks and waste bricks, characterized in that: The method comprises the following preparation steps: S1: Collect waste cement blocks, waste ash blocks and waste brick blocks in construction waste respectively, and use a crusher to roughly crush the waste materials to obtain waste cement particles, waste ash block particles and waste brick block particles respectively; S2: placing waste cement particles and waste brick particles in a grinding machine and grinding them finely to obtain a first mixed powder; wherein the mixing ratio of the waste cement particles to the waste brick particles is 1:(3-6); S3: placing the waste cement particles and the waste ash block particles in a grinding machine and grinding them finely to obtain a second mixed powder; wherein the mixing ratio of the waste cement particles and the waste ash block particles is 1:(1-3); S4: adding the second mixed powder and the anti-agglomeration agent to the first mixed powder, stirring evenly, to obtain a third mixed powder, wherein the mixing ratio of the first mixed powder, the second mixed powder, and the anti-agglomeration agent is 1: (0.5-0.8): (0.1-0.4); S4: adding a debonding agent to the third mixed powder and performing ball milling to obtain.

2. The method for making ceramic raw materials using construction waste cement blocks, waste ash blocks and waste brick blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the waste cement particles is 5-20 mm, the particle size of the waste ash block particles is 1-10 mm, and the particle size of the waste brick block particles is 5-20 mm.

3. The method for making ceramic raw materials using construction waste cement blocks, waste ash blocks and waste brick blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the first mixed powder is 0.5-1 mm, the particle size of the second mixed powder is 0.1-0.3 mm, and the particle size of the third mixed powder is 10-20 μm.

4. The method for making ceramic raw materials using construction waste cement blocks, waste ash blocks and waste brick blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the step of detecting the composition of the first mixed powder and controlling the composition of the first mixed powder to be in the following proportions is also included: SiO2:Al2O3:Fe2O3:first other inevitable components=(50-60):(30-40):(2-10):(0.1-1).

5. The method for making ceramic raw materials using construction waste cement blocks, waste ash blocks and waste brick blocks according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first other inevitable components include: MgO, CaO, K2O and Na2O, and the MgO:CaO:K2O:Na2O=(0.1-1):(0.1-1):(0.1-1):(0.1-1).

6. The method for making ceramic raw materials using construction waste cement blocks, waste ash blocks and waste brick blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the step of detecting the composition of the second mixed powder and controlling the composition of the second mixed powder to be in the following proportions is also included: CaCO3:Ca(OH)2:CaO:SiO2:Al2O3:Fe2O3:Second other inevitable components = (15-35): (20-30): (5-10): (30-45): (5-10): (1-3): (0.1-1).

7. The method for making ceramic raw materials using construction waste cement blocks, waste ash blocks and waste brick blocks according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second other inevitable components include: MgO, CaO, K2O and Na2O, and the ratio of MgO:CaO:K2O:Na2O=(0.1-1):(0.1-1):(0.1-1):(0.1-1).

8. The method for making ceramic raw materials using construction waste cement blocks, waste ash blocks and waste brick blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the anti-agglomeration agent is a combination of silicone and one or more of aluminum chloride, calcium chloride and ammonium sulfate in a mass ratio of 1: (0.1-0.5).

9. The method for making ceramic raw materials using construction waste cement blocks, waste ash blocks and waste brick blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the disintegrator is one or more of a polyelectrolyte disintegrator, an inorganic disintegrator, and a polycarboxylic acid-based water reducing agent.

10. The method for making ceramic raw materials using construction waste cement blocks, waste ash blocks and waste brick blocks according to claim 9, characterized in that: The polyelectrolyte disintegrator is one or more of sodium humate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and sodium lignin sulfonate; the inorganic disintegrator is water glass and / or sodium tripolyphosphate; the polycarboxylic acid water reducer is one or more of methacrylic acid / methyl acrylate copolymer, allyl ether copolymer, amide / imide type polycarboxylic acid polymer, and amphoteric polycarboxylic acid water reducer.