A spillway energy dissipation device

Abstract

The invention discloses a spillway energy dissipation device, which relates to the field of water conservancy engineering and comprises a spillway, a conduit and an energy dissipation component. The spillway and the conduit divide a water flow into two parts at a water inlet. The conduit is a loop pipeline and is located above the water flow direction of the spillway, so that two water flows form convection at an intersection. The energy dissipation component is located at the intersection. The energy dissipation component comprises a plurality of shielding columns and a disturbance device. The shielding columns and the disturbance device make the two water flows form a large number of small streams at the intersection, and the flow directions are opposite in different areas or channels. The invention reduces the dependence on a large number of shielding objects and avoids affecting the flood discharge speed by dividing the water flow into two streams for counter-energy dissipation. The energy dissipation component at the intersection makes the water flow form a large number of small streams, which flow in opposite directions, collide and offset each other, and greatly consume the water flow energy, while solving the problem of poor energy dissipation effect caused by few shielding objects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of water conservancy projects, and in particular to a spillway energy dissipation device. Background Art

[0002] As a key flood control device for water conservancy facilities such as reservoirs, spillways have an important mission. When the water level of a reservoir exceeds the safety limit, the spillway can discharge excess water to the downstream in time, effectively preventing the dam from being damaged due to excessively high water levels, and ensuring the safety of water conservancy facilities and surrounding areas. The energy dissipation of the spillway is an extremely important part of the entire flood spill process. Its core purpose is to efficiently convert and dissipate the huge energy carried by the downstream water flow with the help of specific designs and facilities, thereby reducing the scouring and damage of the water flow to the downstream riverbed and ensuring the stability and safety of the dam and downstream areas.

[0003] At present, there are many different solutions for spillway energy dissipation technology. For example, the "A spillway energy dissipation device" disclosed in patent CN202323596901.5 and the "A new type of arc cylindrical side wall spillway energy dissipation system" in patent CN202110499292.8. These existing technologies have achieved the function of spillway energy dissipation to a certain extent. Most of them are to set up barriers on the path of the spillway, and use the barriers to block the water flow, friction and other effects to consume the water flow energy to achieve the effect of energy dissipation.

[0004] However, this type of energy dissipation method based on barriers has obvious defects. On the one hand, if too many barriers are set on the spillway path, although it can increase the consumption of water flow energy and improve the energy dissipation effect to a certain extent, it will inevitably hinder the smooth passage of water flow, resulting in a significant slowdown in the flood discharge speed. In an emergency situation with a fierce flood, a slow flood discharge speed may cause the reservoir water level to rise rapidly, increase the pressure on the dam, and pose a serious threat to the safety of the dam. On the other hand, if the number of barriers is reduced in order to ensure the flood discharge speed, the obstruction and interference to the water flow will be reduced accordingly, and the energy dissipation effect will be difficult to achieve the ideal state. The water flow that is not fully dissipated will carry a large amount of energy to impact the downstream riverbed. Under long-term action, it may cause the riverbed to be severely eroded, damage the surrounding ecological environment and the foundation of water conservancy facilities, and affect the long-term stable operation of water conservancy projects. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a spillway energy dissipation device, which uses a spillway and a conduit to divide the water flow into two streams, allowing the two water flows to impact each other to achieve energy dissipation, thereby reducing the reliance on a large number of obstructions and avoiding the impact of too many obstructions on the flood discharge speed; at the same time, an energy dissipation component is set at the collision point of the two water flows, and the component can disturb the water flow collision point. When the two water flows pass through the energy dissipation component, a large number of diversions will be generated. These diversions can fully contact and offset each other's energy. In this way, the problem of poor energy dissipation effect due to fewer obstructions is solved at the same time.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A spillway energy dissipation device, comprising: A spillway and a conduit, wherein the spillway and the conduit divide the water flow into two parts at the water inlet, wherein the conduit is a meandering pipe and is located above the water flow direction of the spillway, and the end of the conduit forms an intersection with the water flow of the spillway and forms convection at the intersection; An energy dissipation component is located at the intersection, and the energy dissipation component includes a plurality of shielding columns and a disturbance device. The shielding columns and the disturbance device cause the two water flows to form a large number of small streams at the intersection, and the flow directions are opposite in different areas or channels.

[0007] In this scheme, the conduit is a loop-shaped pipe and is located above the water flow direction of the spillway, so that the two water flows form convection at the intersection, effectively avoiding the setting of too many obstructions on the spillway path, preventing the flood discharge speed from slowing down due to too many obstructions, and at the same time using water flow concussion to achieve initial energy dissipation; the energy dissipation components located at the intersection include multiple obstruction columns and disturbance devices. The obstruction columns and disturbance devices cause the water flow to form a large number of small streams, and these small streams flow in opposite directions in different areas or channels, collide and offset each other, thereby greatly consuming the energy of the water flow, achieving secondary energy dissipation, and solving the problem that the energy dissipation effect will be poor due to fewer obstructions.

[0008] As an optimized solution for the spillway energy dissipation device, the shielding column includes a cylindrical section and a conical column section, one end of the cylindrical section is connected to the wall of the spillway, and the other end of the cylindrical section is connected to the conical column section; Wherein, a plurality of first circular rings are arranged on the side wall surface of the conical column section facing the water flow direction of the spillway, and the first circular rings are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the conical column section.

[0009] In this scheme, the shielding column is composed of a cylindrical section and a conical column section. The cylindrical section is connected to the spillway wall to play a stabilizing supporting role and ensure the stability of the shielding column in the spillway. On the conical column section, multiple first circular rings are distributed axially at intervals facing the direction of the water flow in the spillway. When the water flows through, these circular rings can have a strong interference effect on the water flow. On the one hand, the circular rings will force the water flow to change its direction, forming a complex turbulent state, increasing the friction loss inside the water flow, consuming the water flow energy, and improving the energy dissipation effect. On the other hand, the multiple circular rings distributed at intervals can divide the water flow into many small streams. These small streams collide and interweave with each other, further enhancing energy dissipation. Moreover, the flow directions of different streams offset each other during the collision, effectively reducing the overall kinetic energy of the water flow.

[0010] As an optimization solution for the spillway energy dissipation device, the first circular ring is connected to the conical column section via a first cross bar, wherein the first circular ring is arranged obliquely upward along the water flow direction of the spillway.

[0011] In this solution, the first circular ring arranged obliquely upward changes the force situation when the water flow contacts the circular ring. When the water flow hits the circular ring, it will generate upward and lateral force components due to the inclination angle of the circular ring. The upward force component causes part of the water flow to rise upward, fully contact the air, increase air resistance to consume water flow energy; the lateral force component causes the water flow to disperse to both sides, prompting the water flow to form more small streams, which collide and interfere with each other, further dissipating energy. At the same time, the connection of the first cross bar not only stabilizes the position of the first circular ring and ensures that it can function stably, but also blocks the water flow to a certain extent and assists in energy dissipation. Through multiple such first circular rings arranged obliquely upward and spaced apart, the water flow is interfered with, diverted and energy is consumed in all directions, thereby significantly improving the energy dissipation effect of the spillway energy dissipation device.

[0012] As an optimization solution for the spillway energy dissipation device, a first plane groove is further provided between adjacent first circular rings, and the first plane groove is a plane section provided on the side wall surface of the conical column section facing the water flow direction of the spillway.

[0013] In this solution, the first plane groove serves as a plane section on the side wall of the conical column section facing the direction of the spillway water flow. When the water flows through, the original relatively regular flow pattern will first be changed due to the existence of the plane groove. When the water flow hits the plane groove, it will be dispersed to both sides under the action of the plane. The flying water flow will produce friction with the air, thereby consuming the energy of the water flow. Moreover, the plane groove cooperates with the first circular ring set obliquely upward. The first circular ring causes the water flow to rise upward and disperse to the side. The plane groove further strengthens the lateral dispersion effect of the water flow, allowing the energy consumption of the water flow to be more sufficient. Multiple first plane grooves are distributed at intervals, which can continuously interfere with the water flow and reduce energy, greatly improving the energy dissipation efficiency of the energy dissipation device in this area.

[0014] As an optimization solution for the spillway energy dissipation device, the conduit includes a first straight pipe segment and a second straight pipe segment, the first straight pipe segment is arranged to be inclined downward by 5-10 degrees, and the first straight pipe segment and the second straight pipe segment are connected together by a bend pipe; The angle between the first straight pipe section and the second straight pipe section is set to ∠a, the angle between the slope of the spillway and the horizontal plane is set to ∠b, and the angle ∠b±3~5°=angle ∠a.

[0015] In this scheme, the first straight pipe section is set to be tilted downward by 5-10°, so that the water can flow into the conduit more smoothly under the action of gravity and enter the subsequent pipe section at a certain speed and angle; at the same time, the first straight pipe section is connected to the second straight pipe section through a bend, and the angle ∠a between them and the angle ∠b between the slope of the spillway and the horizontal plane satisfy ∠b±3°-5°=∠a. When the spillway discharges flood water, part of the water flows naturally slide down the spillway, and the other part of the water flows into the conduit. Due to the inclined angle of the conduit, the water flowing out of the conduit can meet the water flowing down the spillway at a suitable angle at the intersection and form convection, ensuring that the two water flows can effectively offset each other during the offset process, achieving efficient energy dissipation, and the appropriate angle setting also ensures that the water flows smoothly in the conduit, and will not cause water blockage or abnormal flow rate due to unreasonable angles, which not only ensures the energy dissipation effect, but also maintains the normal speed of flood discharge.

[0016] As an optimized solution for the spillway energy dissipation device, an energy dissipation plate is hinged on the lower side of the inner wall of the second straight pipe section, and a spring is also connected between the energy dissipation plate and the inner wall of the second straight pipe section.

[0017] In this solution, when the water flows through the second straight pipe section and impacts the energy dissipation plate, the spring can play a buffering role, effectively reducing the direct impact force of the water flow on the energy dissipation plate, and then absorbing part of the water flow energy, playing an auxiliary energy dissipation effect. At the same time, because the energy dissipation plate is hinged, it will swing back and forth with the cooperation of the spring after being impacted by the water flow. This swing can change the original flow direction of the water flow, making the direction of the water flow out of the conduit more complex and diverse. When this part of the water flow intersects with the water flow that naturally slides down in the spillway, the water flows in different directions collide and intertwine with each other, which enhances the energy loss between the water flows and further improves the overall energy dissipation efficiency of the energy dissipation device.

[0018] As an optimization solution for the spillway energy dissipation device, the disturbance device includes a cone-shaped platform, a rotating shaft and a water wheel; The conical platform is fixedly connected to the end of the water outlet of the second straight pipe segment, a rotating hole is provided in the middle of the conical platform, the lower end of the rotating shaft passes through the rotating hole and is rotatably connected to the rotating hole, and the upper end of the rotating shaft passes upward through the first straight pipe segment and extends into the first straight pipe segment; Wherein, the upper end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the water wheel, and the lower end of the rotating shaft is connected to a plurality of disturbance rods.

[0019] In this scheme, the conical platform fixedly connected to the end of the outlet of the second straight pipe section first plays a preliminary blocking and dispersing role on the outflowing water flow, changes the flow direction of the water flow, makes it easier to collide with the mainstream in the spillway, and consumes some energy. The lower end of the rotating shaft passes through the rotating hole in the middle of the conical platform and can rotate flexibly, providing a support basis for the operation of subsequent components. The water wheel at the upper end of the rotating shaft is located in the first straight pipe section. When the water flows through, it drives the water wheel to rotate, thereby driving the rotating shaft and the multiple disturbance rods connected to the lower end to rotate together. The rotating disturbance rod continuously disturbs the collision area of ​​the two water flows, disrupts the original flow pattern of the water flow, and allows the water flow to form more fine turbulence. These turbulences interweave and collide with each other, further consuming the energy of the water flow. Moreover, through the action of the disturbance rod, the huge impact force generated when the two water flows collide can also be alleviated, preventing the water flow from overflowing to the outside of the spillway due to excessive impact force.

[0020] As an optimized solution for the spillway energy dissipation device, the disturbance rods are arranged at intervals along the axis of the rotating shaft and are distributed between adjacent first circular rings.

[0021] In this solution, the disturbance rods arranged at intervals increase the range of disturbance to the water flow. As the rotating shaft drives the disturbance rods to rotate, the disturbance rods at different positions can continuously and comprehensively disturb the water flow, causing the water flow to form complex turbulence in a larger area, fully consuming the energy of the water flow. At the same time, the disturbance rods are distributed between adjacent first circular rings, so that the energy dissipation effects of the disturbance rods and the first circular rings cooperate with each other. The first circular ring disperses the water flow, changes the flow direction, and produces small streams. The disturbance rods further stir between these streams, intensifying the collision and friction between the streams and enhancing the energy dissipation effect.

[0022] As an optimization solution for the spillway energy dissipation device, a plurality of second plane grooves are provided on the conical platform on one side facing the water flow direction.

[0023] In this solution, when the water flow hits the conical table, these second plane grooves will change the movement trajectory of the water flow, causing the water flow to disperse to both sides, prompting the water flow to form more small streams. During the water flow dispersion process, the contact area with the air increases, and the air resistance increases the work done on the water flow, thereby consuming part of the energy of the water flow. At the same time, the small streams after dispersion collide and rub against each other, further exacerbating energy loss. The setting of multiple second plane grooves can continuously interfere with the water flow and reduce energy, thereby improving the energy dissipation effect in all directions.

[0024] As an optimization solution for the spillway energy dissipation device, a second cross bar is further provided on the conical platform, one end of the second cross bar is fixedly connected to a second circular ring, and the second circular ring is arranged obliquely upward along the water flow direction of the spillway.

[0025] In this solution, the second circular ring set obliquely upward will cause the water flow to generate upward and lateral components when the water flow impacts. The upward component of force causes part of the water flow to lift up, increasing the contact area with the air and consuming energy through air resistance; the lateral component of force disperses the water flow to form more small streams, which collide and interfere with each other, further reducing the energy of the water flow. The second crossbar not only stabilizes the position of the second circular ring and ensures its stable function, but also blocks the water flow to a certain extent and assists in energy dissipation. Multiple such second circular rings cooperate with the second plane groove on the conical platform, the disturbance rod, and the first circular ring on the shielding column to interfere with the water flow in all directions, enhance the friction and collision between the water flows, and greatly improve the overall performance of the energy dissipation device.

[0026] As an optimization solution for the spillway energy dissipation device, the disturbance device also includes a support seat, the lower side of the support seat is connected to the spillway, the upper side of the support seat is provided with a guide hole, the lower end of the rotating shaft extends into the guide hole and rotates in the guide hole.

[0027] In this solution, the guide hole provided on the upper side of the support seat cooperates with the lower end of the rotating shaft to play a precise guiding and supporting role. The lower end of the rotating shaft extends into the guide hole and rotates therein, which ensures the stability of the rotating shaft during rotation and avoids deviation, swinging, etc. during rotation.

[0028] As an optimization solution for the spillway energy dissipation device, an inclined guide plate is connected in the first straight pipe section, and water flows through one side of the water wheel through the guide plate.

[0029] In this solution, when the water flows through the guide plate to impact one side of the water wheel, it can concentrate its power to drive the water wheel to rotate. Compared with the water flow that randomly impacts the water wheel without guidance, this method greatly improves the rotation efficiency of the water wheel. The efficient rotation of the water wheel drives the rotating shaft and the disturbance rod connected to the rotating shaft to rotate stably and quickly, so that the disturbance rod can more effectively disturb the collision point of the two water flows. The enhanced disturbance effect can more effectively disrupt the water flow pattern, prompt the water flow to form more fine turbulence, increase the internal friction and mutual collision of the water flow, further consume the water flow energy, and improve the overall energy dissipation effect of the energy dissipation device.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: The energy dissipation method of the spillway of the present invention does not require too many obstructions to be set up on the spillway. The impact of two water flows is used to slow down the water flow, thereby achieving the effect of energy dissipation. The flow disturbance device arranged at the impact point of the two water flows disturbs the collision point of the two water flows, which can alleviate the impact force generated when the two water flows collide to a certain extent and prevent the water flow from overflowing excessively to the outside of the spillway. Multiple rings are located between the two water flows. The two water flows can generate a large amount of diversion when passing through the rings, so that the diversions of the two water flows can fully contact and offset each other's own water flows, further improving the effect of energy dissipation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 A basic structural diagram of a spillway energy dissipation device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of Figure 3 The basic structure diagram of the catheter is shown below; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Another perspective of the picture; Figure 5 This is a basic structural diagram of the shielding column; Figure 6 It is a basic structural diagram of the disturbance device; Figure 7 It is the water flow direction indication diagram of the present invention.

[0032] Marks and corresponding parts names in the attached drawings: 1- catheter, 11- first straight pipe segment, 12- second straight pipe segment, 13- elbow; 2-Spillway; 3-shielding column, 31-cylindrical segment, 32-conical column segment, 33-first plane groove, 34-first crossbar, 35-first circular ring; 4-Energy dissipation board; 5-disturbance device, 51-conical platform, 52-second plane groove, 53-second crossbar, 54-second circular ring, 55-rotation axis, 56-water wheel, 57-disturbance rod, 58-support seat; 6-Deflector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Example

[0034] This embodiment 1 provides a spillway energy dissipation device, such as Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, it includes a spillway 2, a conduit 1 and an energy dissipation component; Among them, Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the conduit 1 is located on the inclined side wall of the spillway 2 and connected to the flow channel of the spillway 2. The conduit 1 includes a first straight pipe section 11 and a second straight pipe section 12. The first straight pipe section 11 is inclined downward by 5°-10° so that the water can flow into the conduit 1 more smoothly under the action of gravity. It can be set according to actual needs. At the same time, the angle between the first straight pipe section 11 and the second straight pipe section 12 is set to ∠a. The first straight pipe section 11 and the second straight pipe section 12 are connected together through a bend 13, and the angle between the slope of the spillway 2 and the horizontal plane is set to ∠b. The angle ∠b±3~5°=angle ∠a. In order to enable the water flowing out of the conduit 1 to meet the water flowing down along the spillway 2 at a suitable angle at the intersection and form convection, in this embodiment, the angle ∠a is 21° and the angle ∠b is 16°.

[0035] Specifically, see Figure 7 During the overflow process, water flows into the spillway 2, part of the water flows downward along the flow channel of the spillway 2, and the other part of the water directly enters the conduit 1. This part of the water flows along the first straight pipe segment 11, the curved pipe 13, and the second straight pipe segment 12. When it comes out of the second straight pipe segment 12, it collides with the first part of the water flow, thereby achieving the effect of energy dissipation. This energy dissipation method does not require too many obstructions to be set on the spillway 2, and uses the impact of two streams of water to slow down the water flow, thereby achieving the effect of energy dissipation.

[0036] At the same time, in order to solve the problem that fewer shielding objects will lead to poor energy dissipation effect, such as Figure 2-Figure 4As shown, an energy dissipation component is arranged at the intersection, and the energy dissipation component includes a plurality of shielding columns 3 and a disturbance device 5. The shielding columns 3 and the disturbance device 5 make the two water flows form a large number of small streams at the intersection, and these small streams flow in opposite directions in different areas or channels, collide and offset each other, thereby greatly consuming the energy of the water flow.

[0037] Among them, Figure 2-Figure 5 As shown, a plurality of shielding columns 3 are fixedly connected between the flow channel wall surface of the spillway 2 and the terminal outlet of the second straight pipe segment 12. The shielding columns 3 can shield the water flow in the spillway 2 and can achieve an energy dissipation effect. In order to avoid the problem that too many shielding objects are set up, which will lead to a slow flood discharge speed, in this embodiment, two shielding columns 3 are set, and the shielding columns 3 include a cylindrical section 31 and a conical column section 32. One end of the cylindrical section 31 is connected to the flow channel wall surface of the spillway 2 and is kept perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the other end of the cylindrical section 31 is connected to the conical column section 32. A plurality of first circular rings 35 are connected to the side wall surface of the section 32 facing the water flow direction of the spillway 2. Each of the first circular rings 35 is connected to the conical column section 32 through a corresponding first cross bar 34, so that the first circular rings 35 extend in a direction parallel to the water flow direction of the spillway 2, and the first circular rings 35 are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the conical column section 32. When water flows through, these circular rings can have a strong interference effect on the water flow, dividing the water flow into numerous small streams, which collide and interweave with each other, thereby greatly consuming the energy of the water flow and realizing secondary energy dissipation.

[0038] Among them, Figure 2-Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, in order to further consume the energy of the water flow, the above-mentioned disturbance device 5 includes a conical platform 51, a rotating shaft 55 and a water wheel 56. The conical platform 51 is fixedly connected to the end of the water outlet of the second straight pipe section 12. A rotating hole is provided in the middle of the conical platform 51. The lower end of the rotating shaft 55 passes through the rotating hole and is rotatably connected to the rotating hole. The upper end of the rotating shaft 55 passes upward through the first straight pipe section 11 and extends into the first straight pipe section 11. At the same time, the upper end of the rotating shaft 55 is fixedly connected to the water wheel 56. The water wheel 56 is located in the first straight pipe section 11. The rotating shaft 55 passes through the rotating hole. The lower end is also connected to a plurality of disturbance rods 57. When the water flows through the first straight pipe section 11, it drives the water wheel 56 to rotate. During the rotation process, the water wheel 56 converts part of the kinetic energy of the water flow into its own mechanical energy, reducing the overall energy level of the water flow. Then the water wheel 56 drives the rotating shaft 55 and the plurality of disturbance rods 57 connected to the lower end to rotate together. The rotating disturbance rods 57 continuously disturb the collision area of ​​the two water flows, disrupting the original flow pattern of the water flow and causing the water flow to form more fine turbulence. These turbulences interweave and collide with each other, further consuming the energy of the water flow.

[0039] In some embodiments, in order to increase the disturbance range of the disturbance rod 57 on the water flow, the disturbance rod 57 is arranged at intervals along the axis of the rotating shaft 55 and distributed between adjacent first rings 35. As the rotating shaft 55 drives the disturbance rod 57 to rotate, the disturbance rod 57 at different positions can continuously and comprehensively interfere with the water flow, so that the water flow forms complex turbulence in a larger area, thereby fully consuming the water flow energy. Example

[0040] In order to further improve the energy dissipation effect, this embodiment 2 provides a spillway energy dissipation device based on embodiment 1, such as Figure 3-Figure 4 As shown, an energy dissipation plate 4 is hinged on the lower side of the inner wall of the second straight pipe section 12, and a spring (the spring is not drawn in the figure) is connected between the energy dissipation plate 4 and the inner wall of the second straight pipe section 12. During the collision between the water flow and the energy dissipation plate 4, the spring can play a certain buffering effect, thereby achieving auxiliary energy dissipation. In addition, the energy dissipation plate 4 can swing back and forth when being hit, which can change the direction of the water flow, so that the two water flows collide together in different directions, thereby improving the overall energy dissipation efficiency of the energy dissipation device. Example

[0041] In order to further improve the energy dissipation effect, this embodiment 3 provides a spillway energy dissipation device based on embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, such as Figure 3-Figure 6 As shown, the conical platform 51 is also connected to a second crossbar 53, and the other end of the second crossbar 53 is fixedly connected to a second circular ring 54, and the first circular ring 35 and the second circular ring 54 are both arranged obliquely upward along the water flow direction of the spillway 2. The first circular ring 35 and the second circular ring 54 arranged obliquely upward change the force conditions when the water flow contacts the circular rings. When the water flow hits the circular rings, upward and lateral components are generated due to the inclination angle of the circular rings. The upward component causes part of the water flow to rise upward and fully contact the air, thereby increasing air resistance to consume water flow energy; the lateral component causes the water flow to disperse to both sides, prompting the water flow to form more small streams. In this way, the shunts generated by the two streams can fully contact each other and offset their own water flows, further improving the energy dissipation effect.

[0042] At the same time, in some embodiments, in order to further improve the energy dissipation effect, a first plane groove 33 is provided between adjacent first circular rings 35. The first plane groove 33 is a plane section provided on the side wall of the conical column section 32 facing the water flow direction of the spillway 2. Similarly, a plurality of second plane grooves 52 are provided on the side of the conical platform 51 facing the water flow direction. When the water flows through, the original relatively regular flow pattern will be changed first due to the presence of the plane groove. When the water flows impact the plane groove, it will be dispersed to both sides under the action of the plane. The flying water flow will generate friction with the air, thereby consuming the energy of the water flow. Moreover, the plane groove cooperates with the circular ring provided obliquely upward. The circular ring causes the water flow to rise upward and disperse to the side. The plane groove further strengthens the lateral dispersion effect of the water flow, allowing the energy consumption of the water flow to be more sufficient. Example

[0043] In order to further consume water flow energy, this embodiment 4 provides a spillway energy dissipation device based on any one of embodiments 1 to 3, such as Figure 3-Figure 4 As shown, an inclined guide plate 6 is connected in the first straight pipe section 11, and the water flows through the guide plate 6 on one side of the water wheel 56. In this way, the force can be concentrated to drive the water wheel 56 to rotate. Compared with the water flow hitting the water wheel 56 randomly without guidance, this method greatly improves the rotation efficiency of the water wheel 56, further consumes the water flow energy, and improves the overall energy dissipation effect of the energy dissipation device.

[0044] At the same time, the above-mentioned disturbance device 5 also includes a support seat 58, the lower side of the support seat 58 is connected to the spillway 2, and a guide hole is opened on the upper side of the support seat 58. The lower end of the rotating shaft 55 extends into the guide hole and rotates in the guide hole, thereby ensuring the stability of the rotating shaft during rotation and avoiding deviation, swinging, etc. during rotation.

[0045] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spillway energy dissipation device, characterized in that: include: A spillway (2) and a conduit (1), wherein the spillway (2) and the conduit (1) divide the water flow into two parts at the water inlet, wherein the conduit (1) is a meandering pipe and is located above the water flow direction of the spillway (2), and the end of the conduit (1) forms an intersection with the water flow of the spillway (2) and forms convection at the intersection; An energy dissipation component is located at the intersection, and comprises a plurality of shielding columns (3) and a disturbance device (5). The shielding columns (3) and the disturbance device (5) cause the two water flows to form a large number of small streams at the intersection, and the flow directions are opposite in different areas or channels.

2. A spillway energy dissipation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shielding column (3) comprises a cylindrical section (31) and a conical column section (32); one end of the cylindrical section (31) is connected to the wall surface of the spillway (2), and the other end of the cylindrical section (31) is connected to the conical column section (32); Wherein, a plurality of first circular rings (35) are arranged on the side wall surface of the conical column section (32) facing the water flow direction of the spillway (2), and the first circular rings (35) are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the conical column section (32).

3. A spillway energy dissipation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first circular ring (35) is connected to the conical column section (32) via a first crossbar (34), wherein the first circular ring (35) is arranged obliquely upward along the water flow direction of the spillway (2).

4. A spillway energy dissipation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first plane groove (33) is also provided between adjacent first circular rings (35), and the first plane groove (33) is a plane section provided on the side wall surface of the conical column section (32) facing the water flow direction of the spillway (2).

5. A spillway energy dissipation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conduit (1) comprises a first straight pipe section (11) and a second straight pipe section (12); the first straight pipe section (11) is arranged to be inclined downward by 5-10 degrees; the first straight pipe section (11) and the second straight pipe section (12) are connected together via a bend pipe (13); The angle between the first straight pipe section (11) and the second straight pipe section (12) is set to ∠a, the angle between the slope of the spillway (2) and the horizontal plane is set to ∠b, and the angle ∠b±3~5°=angle ∠a.

6. A spillway energy dissipation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An energy dissipation plate (4) is hingedly connected to the lower side of the inner side wall of the second straight pipe section (12), and a spring is also connected between the energy dissipation plate (4) and the inner side wall of the second straight pipe section (12).

7. A spillway energy dissipation device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The disturbance device (5) comprises a conical platform (51), a rotating shaft (55) and a water wheel (56); The conical platform (51) is fixedly connected to the end of the water outlet of the second straight pipe section (12); a rotation hole is provided in the middle of the conical platform (51); the lower end of the rotation shaft (55) passes through the rotation hole and is rotationally connected to the rotation hole; the upper end of the rotation shaft (55) passes through the first straight pipe section (11) upwards and extends into the first straight pipe section (11); The upper end of the rotating shaft (55) is fixedly connected to the water wheel (56), and the lower end of the rotating shaft (55) is connected to a plurality of disturbance rods (57).

8. A spillway energy dissipation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The disturbance rods (57) are arranged at intervals along the axis of the rotating shaft (55), and are distributed between adjacent first circular rings (35).

9. A spillway energy dissipation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of second planar grooves (52) are provided on one side of the conical platform (51) facing the water flow direction.

10. A spillway energy dissipation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A second crossbar (53) is also provided on the conical platform (51), one end of the second crossbar (53) is fixedly connected to a second circular ring (54), and the second circular ring (54) is arranged obliquely upward along the water flow direction of the spillway (2).

11. A spillway energy dissipation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The disturbance device (5) further comprises a support seat (58), the lower side of the support seat (58) being connected to the spillway (2), the upper side of the support seat (58) being provided with a guide hole, the lower end of the rotating shaft (55) extending into the guide hole and rotating in the guide hole.

12. A spillway energy dissipation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: An inclined guide plate (6) is connected to the first straight pipe section (11), and water flows through one side of the water wheel (56) through the guide plate (6).

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