Unilateral formwork supporting system for basement outer wall

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of basement outer wall formwork supporting, and discloses a basement outer wall single-side formwork supporting system which comprises the following steps that ground anchor steel bars are planted, specifically, the ground anchor steel bars are planted into a raft plate; a formwork system is installed, specifically, a formwork is arranged on the side away from the support pile and at the position with the distance of the wall thickness of the basement outer wall to be poured, vertical secondary beams on the outer side of the formwork are fixed through square timber, horizontal main beams are fixed through steel pipes, and then the outer sides of the square timber and the outer sides of the steel pipes are fixed through butterfly buckles; the steel pipe is supported through a U-shaped support, the bottom of the U-shaped support is fixedly connected with one end of a supporting rod, and the other end of the supporting rod is welded to the top of the ground anchor steel bar. According to the method, the anchoring foundation is provided by implanting the ground anchor steel bars into the raft plate, one end of each supporting rod is welded to the top of the corresponding ground anchor steel bar, and therefore the problems that the cost is high and a wall body and a top plate cannot be synchronously constructed due to the fact that an existing basement outer wall frequently uses a specified profile steel formwork and a steel supporting frame during construction are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of basement exterior wall formwork support, in particular to a single-side formwork support system for a basement exterior wall. Background Art

[0002] The basement exterior wall has the functions of bearing, waterproofing, space separation and maintaining structural stability. In terms of bearing, it bears part of the vertical load and mainly resists the horizontal earth pressure of the outer soil and horizontal forces such as earthquakes; in terms of waterproofing, it is the key part of basement waterproofing, preventing groundwater from seeping in, and using waterproof concrete combined with auxiliary waterproofing measures to form a barrier; in terms of space separation, it separates the basement from the external soil, creates an independent use space, and is conducive to environmental condition control and preventing harmful substances from entering; at the same time, it is crucial to maintain the stability of the basement structure, connected to other components, constraining deformation, and preventing instability or overturning.

[0003] Conventional shaped steel formworks and steel support frames, as well as tie rods, are often used in the construction of existing basement exterior walls. Since the conventional shaped steel formworks and steel support frames have high unit prices, they will result in high costs and the walls and top plates cannot be constructed synchronously. Since the tie rods will penetrate the wall to form tie rod holes, leakage from the tie rod holes is prone to occur. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a single-sided formwork support system for the basement exterior wall, which solves the problem that the existing basement exterior wall is often constructed using conventional shaped steel formworks and steel support frames, as well as tension screws. Since the conventional shaped steel formworks and steel support frames have high unit prices, the cost is high and the wall and top plate cannot be constructed synchronously. Since the tension screws will penetrate the wall to form tension screw holes, the tension screw holes are prone to leakage.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a single-sided formwork support system for basement exterior walls, comprising the following steps: S1. Ground anchor steel bar implantation: implant the ground anchor steel bar into the raft slab; S2. Install the formwork system: Set up the formwork at a distance equal to the thickness of the basement exterior wall to be poured on the side away from the support piles. Use square wood to fix the vertical secondary beams on the outside of the formwork, and use steel pipes to fix the horizontal main beams. Then use butterfly buckles to fix the square wood and steel pipes on the outside. S3. Install the diagonal bracing system: support the steel pipe with a U-bracket, fix one end of the bracing rod at the bottom of the U-bracket, weld the other end of the bracing rod to the top of the anchor steel bar, connect the middle of the bracing rod with a fastener, and then weld the bottom of the tie rod to the top of the anchor steel bar; S4. Concrete pouring: a water stop plate is set at the boundary between the basement exterior wall and the raft slab to be poured, and then concrete is poured between the formwork and the supporting piles; S5. Removal of formwork: Once the concrete of the basement exterior wall reaches sufficient strength, the formwork and related structures can be removed.

[0006] Preferably, in S1, the ground anchor steel bar is C20 steel bar, the ground anchor steel bar is embedded in the raft slab by not less than 150mm, the ground anchor steel bar protrudes from the top surface of the raft slab by not less than 150mm, the ground anchor steel bar connected to the support rod is bent 135 degrees and is wedged at the root of the ground anchor steel bar with a wooden wedge.

[0007] Preferably, in S2, the template is made of 15 mm thick multilayer board; the butterfly buckle and the main reinforcement of the basement exterior wall to be poured are tied with iron wire, the square timber joints are staggered, and the length of the square timber is controlled at 2-3 meters.

[0008] Preferably, in S2, the vertical secondary beams are made of 50mm×100mm square timbers with a spacing of 250mm; the horizontal main beams are made of steel pipes with a diameter of 48mm and a wall thickness of 3mm with a spacing of 450mm, and there are two steel pipes in each row.

[0009] Preferably, in S2, the corners and template joints at the corners of the basement exterior wall to be poured are fixed with two 50mm×100mm square timbers, the inner template of the basement exterior wall to be poured is ≤10mm away from the structural surface, and a limiting steel bar is provided at a distance of ≤150mm from the structural surface, and the spacing between the limiting steel bars is 1000mm. A 20mm uniform length belt is provided at the top node of the basement exterior wall to be poured, and the outside of the basement to be poured is configured with Φ48 steel pipes along the uniform length of the exterior wall, and the butterfly buckle for fixing the main beam on the outermost side of the basement exterior wall to be poured must be less than 150mm away from the wall end.

[0010] Preferably, in S3, the pull rods and the support rods are both made of steel pipes with a diameter of 48 mm and a wall thickness of 3 mm. The top support points of the support rods are spaced 750 mm in transverse direction and 450 mm in vertical direction. The connection of the first row of support rods at the formwork is 600 mm high from the top of the raft slab, and the connection of the top row of support rods at the formwork is <250 mm away from the top of the outer wall of the basement to be poured. The bottom of the support rods and the top of the anchor steel bars are welded at a transverse spacing of 750 mm and a vertical spacing of 900 mm. The welding point between the bottom of the first row of support rods and the anchor steel bars is 1050 mm away from the outer wall of the basement to be poured. The length of the U-support extending out of the steel pipe shall not be greater than 100 mm.

[0011] Preferably, the installation position of the pull rod is the same as the welding point between the bottom of the support rod and the ground anchor steel bar.

[0012] Preferably, a horizontal connecting rod is provided in S3, and the installation position of the horizontal connecting rod is the intersection of the pull rod and the support rod, and the horizontal connecting rod is connected to the pull rod and the support rod through fasteners.

[0013] The present invention provides a single-side formwork support system for basement exterior walls. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present invention, anchoring foundation is provided by embedding anchor steel bars into raft slab, one end of the support rod is welded to the top of the anchor steel bar, and the other end is connected to the steel pipe via a U bracket to form an oblique support, the bottom of the tie rod is welded to the top of the anchor steel bar to provide tensile force, and the support rod and the tie rod are arranged at specific horizontal and vertical intervals, the first row of support rods are at a reasonable distance from the top of the raft slab and the outer wall of the basement, and the horizontal connecting rod is connected by fasteners at the intersection of the tie rod and the support rod to make them work together, these structures cooperate together to realize the pre-embedded anchor according to the support formwork position, and the support formwork is supported by steel pipe oblique support, which can be constructed synchronously and continuously, thereby improving the existing basement outer wall construction that often uses conventional shaped steel formwork and steel support frame. Since the unit price of conventional shaped steel formwork and steel support frame is relatively high, the cost is high and the wall and top plate cannot be constructed synchronously.

[0014] 2. In the present invention, a butterfly buckle is used to connect with the main reinforcement of the exterior wall, so that the butterfly buckle does not need to penetrate the exterior wall, and thus no through hole is generated, thereby improving the problem of leakage of the tension screw hole caused by the tension screw penetrating the wall to form a tension screw hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a process flow chart of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

[0016] Among them, 1. Support piles; 2. Butterfly buckles; 3. Formwork; 4. Pull rods; 5. Struts; 6. Waterstop plates; 7. Ground anchor steel bars; 8. Raft slabs. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please see attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 2 The embodiment of the present invention provides a single-side formwork support system for a basement exterior wall, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1. Ground anchor steel bar implantation: implant the ground anchor steel bar 7 into the raft 8.

[0019] S2. Install the formwork system: Set the formwork 3 at a distance equal to the thickness of the basement exterior wall to be poured on the side away from the supporting pile 1. Fix the vertical secondary beam on the outside of the formwork 3 with square wood, and fix the horizontal main beam with steel pipe. Then fix the square wood and steel pipe with butterfly buckles 2 on the outside.

[0020] The formwork 3, square wood, steel pipe and butterfly buckle 2 are all supporting materials used on site, so they have a wide range of applications, allowing workers to be familiar with the materials and their usage, thereby achieving the purpose of facilitating construction and saving labor and materials.

[0021] S3. Install the diagonal bracing system: support the steel pipe with a U-support, fix one end of the support rod 5 at the bottom of the U-support, weld the other end of the support rod 5 to the top of the anchor steel bar 7, connect the middle of the support rod 5 with a fastener, and then weld the bottom of the pull rod 4 to the top of the anchor steel bar 7.

[0022] Pre-buried ground anchors are placed according to the position of the formwork, and the formwork is supported by steel pipe diagonal braces. This can be done synchronously and continuously without affecting the waterproofing of the exterior walls, thereby saving basement construction time and speeding up construction progress.

[0023] S4, pouring concrete: a water stop plate 6 is arranged at the boundary between the basement outer wall to be poured and the raft slab 8, and then concrete is poured between the formwork 3 and the supporting pile 1.

[0024] For concrete materials, the concrete grade is C30-C40, which can withstand the lateral pressure from the soil, partial load of the upper structure, etc., so as to ensure the bearing capacity of the wall. The concrete impermeability grade is required to reach P6-P12, and the requirements of the impermeability grade are achieved by controlling the water-cement ratio, increasing the amount of cement, adding admixtures (such as waterproofing agents, expansion agents), etc. For materials, ordinary silicate cement with high early strength and good impermeability is used. The particle size of coarse aggregate shall not exceed 40mm, and it shall be hard and well graded, so as to ensure the workability and compactness of concrete. Fine aggregate shall use medium sand with a mud content of no more than 3%, so as to ensure the strength and impermeability of concrete.

[0025] The concrete is poured in layers, with each height not exceeding 500mm, which can avoid the segregation of concrete due to excessive height during the pouring process, and ensure that each layer of concrete can be vibrated evenly. The concrete is vibrated with an inserted vibrator, and the spacing of each insertion does not exceed 1.5 times the radius of the vibrator. The vibration time is based on the concrete surface no longer sinking, no longer bubbling, and cement slurry on the surface, which can prevent quality problems such as honeycombs and rough surfaces.

[0026] For concrete curing, 6-12 hours after concrete pouring, begin to cover with plastic film or wet cloth and other moisturizing materials for moisturizing curing, which can prevent the moisture on the concrete surface from evaporating too quickly and causing cracking. For concrete with anti-seepage requirements, the curing time is not less than 14 days, and the concrete surface must be kept moist during the entire curing period.

[0027] S5. Formwork removal: Formwork 3 and related structures can be removed after the concrete of the basement exterior wall reaches the required strength. Formwork removal of the basement exterior wall needs to meet the concrete strength requirements. For concrete mixed with ordinary Portland cement, when its strength reaches 1.2MPa or above, for basement exterior walls with waterproofing requirements, the concrete strength should reach more than 70% of the design strength when the formwork is removed. At the same time, the side formwork can be removed when the surface and edges are not damaged. At the same time, affected by temperature conditions, the strength increases slowly at low temperatures, and the demolding time should be postponed. At high temperatures, attention should be paid to preventing shrinkage cracks and strengthening moisture maintenance. The structural construction conditions should also be considered to ensure that the subsequent construction processes are closely connected to prevent the exterior wall from being exposed for a long time and damaged, and attention should be paid to the connection between the exterior wall and other structures from being damaged when the formwork is removed.

[0028] In S1, the anchor steel bar 7 is C20 steel bar, and the anchor steel bar 7 can play the role of fixing the tie rod 4 and the strut 5. The anchor steel bar 7 is implanted into the raft 8 by no less than 150mm, thereby ensuring that the anchor steel bar 7 has a strong bonding force with the raft 8, thereby fixing the tie rod 4 and the strut 5. The anchor steel bar 7 protrudes from the top surface of the raft 8 by no less than 150mm, thereby giving the tie rod 4 and the strut 5 an efficient connection length. The anchor steel bar 7 connected to the strut 5 is bent 135 degrees and wedged with a wooden wedge at the root of the anchor steel bar 7. By bending the anchor steel bar 7 by 135 degrees, it is easier to connect the strut 5, thereby enhancing the pulling capacity. The wooden wedge can effectively prevent the anchor steel bar 7 from having a gap with the raft 8 and thus slipping out.

[0029] In S2, the template 3 is made of 15mm thick multilayer board. The template 3 has a wide range of uses and can be modified according to different sizes to facilitate construction. The butterfly buckle 2 is tied to the main reinforcement of the basement exterior wall to be poured with iron wire, the square wood joints are staggered, and the length of the square wood is controlled at 2-3 meters. The purpose of fixing the template 3 can be achieved by the butterfly buckle 2, and the tie with the main reinforcement of the exterior wall can make the butterfly buckle 2 more firmly fixed, so that the butterfly buckle 2 does not need to penetrate the exterior wall of the basement, thereby avoiding the generation of through holes and preventing leakage.

[0030] In S2, the vertical secondary beams are made of 50mm×100mm square timbers with a spacing of 250mm. The horizontal main beams are made of steel pipes with a diameter of 48mm and a wall thickness of 3mm, arranged at a spacing of 450mm, and two steel pipes in each row. The vertical secondary beams can effectively disperse the lateral pressure on the formwork. The horizontal main beams enhance the bearing capacity and stability of the system through reasonable spacing and double-tube configuration. The cooperation between the main beam and the secondary beam helps to resist the lateral pressure generated during concrete pouring, prevent the deformation and displacement of the formwork, and ensure the quality of concrete pouring and the smoothness of the exterior wall of the basement.

[0031] In S2, two 50mm×100mm square timbers are used to fix the corners and template joints of the basement exterior wall to be poured. The inner template of the basement exterior wall to be poured is ≤10mm away from the structural surface, and a limit steel bar is set at ≤150mm away from the structural surface. The spacing of the limit steel bars is 1000mm. A 20mm uniform belt is set at the top node of the basement exterior wall to be poured. The outer side of the basement to be poured is configured along the outer wall with a Φ48 steel pipe. The butterfly buckle 2 that fixes the main beam on the outermost side of the basement exterior wall to be poured must be less than 150mm away from the wall end. This can enhance the stability of the corners and joints, prevent the deformation of the template, ensure the accurate position of the inner template to control the wall thickness, ensure the firmness of the top node, and at the same time, allow the outer template to have good support and the wall end to be stable, so as to improve the stability of the template support system as a whole and ensure the quality of the basement exterior wall casting.

[0032] In S3, the tie rod 4 and the support rod 5 are both made of steel pipes with a diameter of 48 mm and a wall thickness of 3 mm. The horizontal spacing of the top support points of the support rods 5 is 750 mm and the vertical spacing is 450 mm. The first row of support rods 5 are located at the connection of the formwork 3, 600 mm above the top of the raft 8, and the top row of support rods 5 are located at the connection of the formwork 3, and the distance from the top of the basement outer wall to be poured is less than 250 mm. The horizontal spacing of the bottom of the support rod 5 and the top of the anchor steel bar 7 is 750 mm, and the vertical spacing is 900 mm. The welding point between the bottom of the first row of support rods 5 and the anchor steel bar 7 is 1050 mm away from the basement outer wall to be poured, and the length of the U-support extending out of the steel pipe shall not be greater than 100 mm. The installation position of the tie rod 4 is the same as the welding point position of the bottom of the support rod 5 and the anchor steel bar 7. In this way, the support rods and tie rods can work together effectively, provide balanced support and tension for the formwork at different heights and horizontal positions, better resist the lateral pressure generated by concrete pouring, and effectively control the deformation and displacement of the formwork.

[0033] S3 is provided with a horizontal connecting rod, and the installation position of the horizontal connecting rod is the intersection of the pull rod 4 and the support rod 5. The horizontal connecting rod is connected to the pull rod 4 and the support rod 5 through a fastener. This makes the connection more convenient, thereby further achieving the effect of saving manpower. This can achieve the construction time of the family planning basement, thereby speeding up the construction progress.

[0034] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A single-sided formwork support system for basement exterior walls, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Ground anchor steel bar implantation: implanting the ground anchor steel bar (7) into the raft slab (8); S2. Install the formwork system: On the side away from the support pile (1), set the formwork (3) at a distance equal to the thickness of the basement exterior wall to be poured. Use square wood to fix the vertical secondary beams on the outside of the formwork (3), and use steel pipes to fix the horizontal main beams. Then, use butterfly buckles (2) to fix the square wood and steel pipes on the outside. S3, installing the diagonal bracing system: supporting the steel pipe with a U-support, fixing one end of the support rod (5) at the bottom of the U-support, welding the other end of the support rod (5) to the top of the anchor steel bar (7), connecting the middle of the support rod (5) with a fastener, and then welding the bottom of the tension rod (4) to the top of the anchor steel bar (7); S4, pouring concrete: setting a water stop plate (6) at the boundary between the basement outer wall to be poured and the raft slab (8), and then pouring concrete between the formwork (3) and the supporting piles (1); S5. Removal of formwork: When the concrete of the basement exterior wall reaches a certain strength, the formwork (3) and related structures can be removed.

2. A single-side formwork support system for basement exterior walls according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the anchor steel bar (7) is made of C20 steel bar, the anchor steel bar (7) is embedded in the raft (8) by not less than 150 mm, the anchor steel bar (7) protrudes from the top surface of the raft (8) by not less than 150 mm, and the anchor steel bar (7) connected to the support rod (5) is bent at 135 degrees and is wedged at the root of the anchor steel bar (7) with a wooden wedge.

3. The single-side formwork support system for basement exterior wall according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S2, the formwork (3) is made of 15 mm thick multilayer board; the butterfly buckle (2) is tied to the main reinforcement of the basement exterior wall to be poured by iron wire, the square timber joints are staggered, and the length of the square timber is controlled to be 2-3 meters.

4. The single-side formwork support system for basement exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the vertical secondary beams are made of 50mm×100mm square timbers with a spacing of 250mm; the horizontal main beams are made of steel pipes with a diameter of 48mm and a wall thickness of 3mm with a spacing of 450mm, and there are two steel pipes in each row.

5. The single-side formwork support system for basement exterior wall according to claim 1 is characterized by: In S2, two 50mm×100mm square timbers are used to fix the corners and template joints of the basement exterior wall to be poured. The inner template of the basement exterior wall to be poured is ≤10mm away from the structural surface. A limiting steel bar is set at ≤150mm away from the structural surface. The spacing of the limiting steel bars is 1000mm. A 20mm uniform belt is set at the top node of the basement exterior wall to be poured. Φ48 steel pipes are arranged along the outer wall of the basement to be poured. The butterfly buckle (2) fixing the main beam on the outermost side of the basement exterior wall to be poured must be less than 150mm away from the wall end.

6. The single-side formwork support system for basement exterior wall according to claim 1 is characterized by: In S3, the pull rod (4) and the support rod (5) are both made of steel pipes with a diameter of 48 mm and a wall thickness of 3 mm. The top support points of the support rods (5) are spaced 750 mm in transverse interval and 450 mm in vertical interval. The connection point of the first row of support rods (5) at the formwork (3) is 600 mm high from the top of the raft slab (8). The connection point of the top row of support rods (5) at the formwork (3) is less than 250 mm from the top of the basement outer wall to be poured. The bottom of the support rod (5) and the top of the anchor steel bar (7) are welded at a transverse interval of 750 mm and a vertical interval of 900 mm. The welding point of the bottom of the first row of support rods (5) and the anchor steel bar (7) is 1050 mm from the basement outer wall to be poured. The length of the U-support extending out of the steel pipe shall not be greater than 100 mm.

7. The single-side formwork support system for basement exterior wall according to claim 1 is characterized by: The installation position of the pull rod (4) is the same as the welding point position of the bottom of the support rod (5) and the anchor steel bar (7).

8. The single-side formwork support system for basement exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: A horizontal connecting rod is provided in S3, and the installation position of the horizontal connecting rod is at the intersection of the pull rod (4) and the support rod (5). The horizontal connecting rod is connected to the pull rod (4) and the support rod (5) via a fastener.

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