Impingement cooling assembly, turbine blade, turbine retaining ring and gas turbine

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an impingement cooling assembly, a turbine blade, a turbine retaining ring and a gas turbine. The impingement cooling assembly comprises an impingement plate and a plurality of impingement holes formed in the impingement plate, the multiple impingement holes are arranged in an array mode, each impingement hole is provided with at least two protruding parts extending transversely, and in the other impingement hole with the smallest distance from the center, each protruding part is provided with at least two protruding parts extending transversely. Wherein the protruding part of one side, facing the other impact hole, of one impact hole and the protruding part of one side, facing the other impact hole, of the other impact hole are arranged in a staggered mode. The impingement cooling assembly provided by the embodiment of the invention can generate a relatively strong cooling effect, and enables the impingement target surface to have relatively strong heat exchange uniformity, so that the thermal stress of a component where the target surface is located is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of gas turbines, and in particular to an impingement cooling component, a turbine blade, a turbine guard ring and a gas turbine. Background Art

[0002] The blade body and / or end wall of the turbine blade of the gas turbine, as well as the turbine guard ring, are usually provided with an impingement cooling assembly for heat exchange and cooling. The core of the impingement cooling assembly is the impingement hole provided on the impingement plate. In the related art, there is a collision between the impingement fluids of adjacent impingement holes. In other words, the impingement fluids of adjacent impingement holes collide with each other directly after impacting the target surface, which will produce impact losses, cause gas stagnation in the collision area, weaken the impact cooling strength of the collision area, form a low heat exchange area locally, and cause uneven temperature of the impact target surface, thereby generating large thermal stress, resulting in thermal fatigue damage to the turbine blades and / or turbine guard rings. At the same time, the impact fluid flows back to impact the impact plate after the collision, resulting in reduced cooling efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0004] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides an impingement cooling assembly.

[0005] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a turbine blade having the impingement cooling assembly of the above embodiment.

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a turbine shroud having the impingement cooling assembly of the above embodiment.

[0007] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a gas turbine having the turbine blade of the above embodiment and / or the turbine shroud of the above embodiment.

[0008] The impingement cooling assembly of the embodiment of the present invention comprises:

[0009] An impact plate and a plurality of impact holes provided on the impact plate, wherein the plurality of impact holes are arranged in an array, the impact holes have at least two protrusions extending laterally, and in each impact hole having the smallest center distance with another impact hole, the protrusion on the side of one impact hole facing the other impact hole is staggered with the protrusion on the side of the other impact hole facing the one impact hole.

[0010] In the impingement cooling assembly of the embodiment of the present invention, the impingement hole has at least two protrusions extending laterally, and the protrusions form an impingement boundary extending in a direction away from the center line of the impingement hole, so that the impingement airflow discharged from the impingement hole is more divergent, so as to reduce the impact loss caused by the impact fluid from any impingement hole and another impingement hole with the smallest center distance to the target surface after impacting each other, and can enhance the disturbance of the two impingement flows in the corresponding area of ​​the impingement flow interface, so as to avoid the stagnation of gas in the corresponding area, and avoid the backflow and back impact of the impingement plate after the impact. At the same time, in each impingement hole and the other impingement hole with the smallest center distance, the protrusion of one impingement hole toward the other impingement hole and the protrusion of the other impingement hole toward the one impingement hole are staggered, so as to avoid the impingement fluid from the two impingement holes impacting each other directly after impacting the target surface, thereby reducing the impact loss caused by the impact fluid from the two impingement holes impacting the target surface. Therefore, the impingement cooling assembly of the embodiment of the present invention can produce a strong cooling effect, and make the impact target surface have a strong heat exchange uniformity, thereby reducing the thermal stress of the component where the target surface is located.

[0011] In some embodiments, the plurality of impact holes arranged in an array include at least two rows of impact holes arranged at intervals along a first direction, and each row of impact holes includes a plurality of impact holes arranged at intervals along a second direction, and the second direction is orthogonal to the first direction;

[0012] In two adjacent rows of the impact holes, the multiple impact holes in one row are arranged alternately with the multiple impact holes in the other row, and the impact holes in one row and the impact holes arranged alternately in the other row have the smallest center distance compared with the other impact holes.

[0013] In some embodiments, the plurality of impact holes arranged in an array include at least two rows of impact holes arranged at intervals along a first direction, and each row of impact holes includes a plurality of impact holes arranged at intervals along a second direction, and the second direction is orthogonal to the first direction;

[0014] In two adjacent rows of the impact holes, the plurality of impact holes in one row are arranged alternately with the plurality of impact holes in the other row;

[0015] In the three rows of impact holes sequentially arranged along the first direction, a plurality of impact holes in a first row along the first direction are arranged opposite to a plurality of impact holes in a third row;

[0016] The impact holes in the first row and the impact holes in the third row oppositely arranged have a smallest center distance compared to the other impact holes.

[0017] In some embodiments, the plurality of impact holes arranged in an array include at least two rows of impact holes arranged at intervals along a first direction, and each row of impact holes includes a plurality of impact holes arranged at intervals along a second direction, and the second direction is orthogonal to the first direction;

[0018] In two adjacent rows of the impact holes, a plurality of the impact holes in one row are arranged relative to a plurality of the impact holes in the other row, the impact holes in one row and the impact holes arranged relative to the other row have a minimum center distance compared to the other impact holes, and / or two adjacent impact holes in each row have a minimum center distance relative to the other impact holes.

[0019] In some embodiments, the protrusions extend in a direction perpendicular to the center line of the impact hole, and a hole wall surface of the impact hole connected between two adjacent protrusions is a curved surface.

[0020] In some embodiments, there are two protrusions, and at least one of the hole walls connected between the two protrusions forms a depression on the impact plate.

[0021] In some embodiments, the impact hole has an elliptical cross-section.

[0022] In some embodiments, there are three or more protrusions, and the hole wall surface between two adjacent protrusions forms a protrusion on the impact plate.

[0023] In some embodiments, a cross-sectional area of ​​the impact hole varies along an extension direction of a center line of the impact hole, and forms a minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the impact hole between an outlet and an inlet of the impact hole.

[0024] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the impact hole gradually decreases from the inlet to the minimum cross-sectional area, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the impact hole gradually increases from the minimum cross-sectional area to the outlet.

[0025] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area S1 of the inlet, the area S2 of the minimum cross section, and the cross-sectional area S3 of the outlet satisfy: 0.5×min(S1 / S3)≤S2≤S1 / S3.

[0026] In some embodiments, a distance H1 between the inlet and the outlet, and a distance H2 between the inlet and the minimum cross section satisfy: 0.5×H1≤H2≤H1.

[0027] The turbine blade of the embodiment of the present invention comprises: the impingement cooling assembly described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0028] The turbine blades of the embodiment of the present invention have good heat exchange uniformity and strong cooling effect by adopting the impingement cooling assembly of the embodiment of the present invention, and reduce the thermal stress of the turbine blades and the amount of cooling gas used.

[0029] The turbine guard ring of the embodiment of the present invention comprises: the impingement cooling assembly described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0030] The turbine guard ring of the embodiment of the present invention has good heat exchange uniformity and strong cooling effect by adopting the impingement cooling assembly of the embodiment of the present invention, reduces the thermal stress of the turbine guard ring, and can also reduce the amount of cooling gas used.

[0031] The gas turbine according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises: the turbine blades described in the above embodiment or the turbine guard ring described in the above embodiment.

[0032] The gas turbine of the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the amount of cooling gas used and the maintenance and replacement frequency of the turbine blades or turbine shrouds by adopting the turbine blades or turbine shrouds of the embodiment of the present invention, thereby enhancing environmental adaptability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is a front view of a first example of an impingement cooling assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 is a front view of a second example of an impingement cooling assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 and Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a first example of an impact hole in FIG.

[0036] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of the impact hole in the middle part;

[0037] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of the impact hole in the middle part;

[0038] Figure 6 is a front view of a third example of an impingement cooling assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a second example of an impact hole in FIG.

[0040] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of the impact hole in the middle Figure 1 ;

[0041] Fig. 9 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of the impact hole in the middle Figure 2 ;

[0042] Fig.10 is a front view of a fourth example of an impingement cooling assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.11 yes Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a third example of an impact hole in FIG.

[0044] Fig.12 yes Fig.11 A longitudinal sectional view of a third example of an impact hole in FIG.

[0045] Fig.13 yes Fig.10 Enlarged view of the impact hole in the middle Figure 1 ;

[0046] Fig.14 yes Fig.10 Enlarged view of the impact hole in the middle Figure 2 ;

[0047] Fig.15 4 is a diagram showing the installation state of a fourth example of an impingement cooling assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Reference numerals:

[0049] 1. impact plate; 11. depression; 12. protrusion;

[0050] 2. Impact hole; 21. Protrusion; 22. First impact hole; 23. Second impact hole; 24. Adjacent side; 25. Distant side; 26. Arc surface; 27. Inlet; 28. Outlet; 29. ​​Minimum cross section;

[0051] 3. Target surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0053] Reference below Figure 1-Figure 15 An impingement cooling assembly, a turbine blade, a turbine shroud, and a gas turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention are described.

[0054] like Figure 1-Figure 15 As shown, the impingement cooling assembly according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises an impingement plate 1 and a plurality of impingement holes 2 .

[0055] A plurality of impact holes 2 are provided on the impact plate 1 and arranged in an array. The impact holes 2 penetrate the impact plate 1 along the thickness direction of the impact plate 1 for the impact fluid such as cooling gas to pass through.

[0056] The impact hole 2 has at least two laterally extending protrusions 21. Specifically, in any cross section of the impact hole 2, the protrusion 21 is farther away from the center line of the impact hole 2 than the rest of the impact hole 2.

[0057] In each impact hole 2 having the smallest center distance from another impact hole 2 , a protrusion 21 of one impact hole 2 facing the other impact hole 2 is offset from a protrusion 21 of the other impact hole 2 facing the one impact hole 2 .

[0058] Specifically, each impact hole 2 has at least one impact hole 2 whose center distance is smaller than that of other impact holes 2, wherein the impact hole 2 serving as a reference is called a first impact hole 22, and another impact hole 2 having the smallest center distance to the first impact hole 22 is called a second impact hole 23. The center distance between the first impact hole 22 and the second impact hole 23 is smaller than the center distance between the first impact hole 22 and the other impact holes 2, that is, the center distance between the first impact hole 22 and the second impact hole 23 is the smallest. The number of second impact holes 23 may be one or more than one, for example, two or three.

[0059] The protrusion 21 on the side of the first impact hole 22 facing the second impact hole 23 is staggered with the protrusion 21 on the side of the second impact hole 23 facing the first impact hole 22 .

[0060] When the impingement cooling assembly of the embodiment of the present invention is used, Fig.15 As shown, the impact plate 1 and the component provided with the target surface 3 are arranged at intervals, and the surface of the impact plate 1 provided with the outlet of the impact hole 2 is arranged opposite to the target surface 3, so that the outlet of the impact hole 2 faces the target surface 3, and the impact airflow such as cold air is discharged from the impact hole 2 and impacts the target surface 3, thereby performing heat exchange and cooling on the target surface 3 and the component provided with the target surface 3.

[0061] In the impingement cooling assembly of the embodiment of the present invention, the impingement hole has at least two protrusions extending laterally, and the protrusions form an impingement boundary extending in a direction away from the center line of the impingement hole, so that the impingement airflow discharged from the impingement hole is more divergent, so as to reduce the impact loss caused by the impact fluid from any impingement hole and another impingement hole with the smallest center distance to the target surface after impacting each other, and can enhance the disturbance of the two impingement flows in the corresponding area of ​​the impingement flow interface, so as to avoid the stagnation of gas in the corresponding area, and avoid the backflow and back impact of the impingement plate after the impact. At the same time, in each impingement hole and the other impingement hole with the smallest center distance, the protrusion of one impingement hole toward the other impingement hole and the protrusion of the other impingement hole toward the one impingement hole are staggered, so as to avoid the impingement fluid from the two impingement holes impacting each other directly after impacting the target surface, thereby reducing the impact loss caused by the impact fluid from the two impingement holes impacting the target surface. Therefore, the impingement cooling assembly of the embodiment of the present invention can produce a strong cooling effect, and make the impact target surface have a strong heat exchange uniformity, thereby reducing the thermal stress of the component where the target surface is located.

[0062] It should be noted that the center distance between the two impact holes 2 is the distance between the center point of one impact hole 2 and the center point of the other impact hole 2, and the center distance between the first impact hole 22 and the second impact hole 23 is the distance between the center point of the first impact hole 22 and the center point of the second impact hole 23. Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, the center point of the impact hole 22 is point O, and the center distance between the first impact hole 22 and the second impact hole 23 is L min .

[0063] It should be noted that the center lines of the impact holes 2 can be arranged in parallel or at an angle. When the center lines of the impact holes 2 are arranged in parallel, the center distance between the two impact holes 2 is the distance between the center lines of the two impact holes 2, and the center distance between the first impact hole 22 and the second impact hole 23 is the distance between the center line of the first impact hole 22 and the center line of the second impact hole 23. When the center lines of the impact holes 2 are arranged at an angle, the center distance between the two impact holes 2 is the distance between the midpoints of the center lines of the two impact holes 2, and the center distance between the first impact hole 22 and the second impact hole 23 is the distance between the midpoint of the center line of the first impact hole 22 and the midpoint of the center line of the second impact hole 23.

[0064] Meanwhile, the impact plate 1 can be a flat plate or a curved plate.

[0065] In some embodiments, in any cross section of the impact hole 2 , the distance between the vertex of the protrusion 21 and the center line of the impact hole 2 is 110% or more of the average hole diameter of the impact hole 2 .

[0066] More preferably, it is 130% or more of the average hole diameter of the impact holes 2 .

[0067] It should be noted that, in any cross section of the impact hole 2 , the average hole diameter of the impact hole 2 refers to the average distance between the closed contour formed by the impact hole 2 in the cross section and the center line of the impact hole 2 .

[0068] In some embodiments, in any cross section of the impact hole 2, the distance between the vertex of the protrusion 21 and the center line of the impact hole 2 is 110% or more of the inscribed circle radius of the impact hole 2, more preferably 130% or more of the inscribed circle radius of the impact hole 2.

[0069] It should be noted that the distance between the vertex of the protrusion 21 and the center line of the impact hole 2 can satisfy both 110% or more of the average hole diameter of the impact hole 2 and 110% or more of the radius of the inscribed circle of the impact hole 2, or only one of them can be satisfied.

[0070] In some embodiments, the protrusion 21 on the side of the first impact hole 22 facing the second impact hole 23 is staggered with the protrusion 21 on the side of the second impact hole 23 facing the first impact hole 22. Specifically, Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, it is coincident with or parallel to the surface of the impact plate 1 provided with the first impact hole 22 and the second impact hole 23, and is within a projection plane for projecting the first impact hole 22 and the second impact hole 23, or within a common cross-section of the first impact hole 22 and the second impact hole 23. The common cross-section preferably but not limited to passes through the center point O of the first impact hole 22 and the center point O of the second impact hole 23 at the same time.

[0071] Connect the center point O of the first impact hole 22 and the center point O of the second impact hole 23 to form a line segment OO. The length of the line segment OO is the center distance L between the first impact hole 22 and the second impact hole 23. min .

[0072] Auxiliary lines F orthogonal to the line segment OO are drawn at the center point O of the first impact hole 22 and the center point O of the second impact hole 23, respectively. The auxiliary line F divides the impact hole 22 whose center point O is located on the auxiliary line F into an adjacent side 24 and a divergent side 25. The adjacent side 24 faces the other impact hole 22 relative to the auxiliary line F, and the divergent side 25 faces away from the other impact hole 22 relative to the auxiliary line F. In other words, the auxiliary line F of the first impact hole 22 divides the first impact hole 22 into an adjacent side 24 and a divergent side 25, and the auxiliary line F of the second impact hole 23 divides the second impact hole 23 into an adjacent side 24 and a divergent side 25. The adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 is closer to the second impact hole 23 than the divergent side 25, and the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 is closer to the first impact hole 22 than the divergent side 25. Therefore, the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 are arranged relative to each other along the extension direction of the line segment OO.

[0073] The adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 respectively have a protrusion 21 , and the protrusion 21 of the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 is staggered with the protrusion 21 of the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 .

[0074] It should be noted that the staggered arrangement of the protrusion 21 on the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the protrusion 21 on the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 means that the protrusion 21 on the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the protrusion 21 on the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 are not arranged opposite to each other.

[0075] Preferably, the apex of the protrusion 21 on the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the apex of the protrusion 21 on the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 are not located on the line segment OO at the same time, nor are they located on other line segments parallel to the line segment OO at the same time. In other words, on the line segment OO and other line segments parallel to the line segment OO, at most one of the apex of the protrusion 21 on the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the apex of the protrusion 21 on the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 is present.

[0076] It should be noted that the number of protrusions 21 on the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the number of protrusions 21 on the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 may be the same or different. The number of protrusions 21 on the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 is one or more, and the number of protrusions 21 on the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 is one or more, for example, one, two, three, etc.

[0077] In some embodiments, the protrusion 21 extends in a direction perpendicular to the center line of the impact hole 2. Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, a connecting line E is provided between the vertex of the protrusion 21 and the center line of the impact hole 2. The direction along the connecting line E from the center line of the impact hole 2 to the vertex of the protrusion 21 is the extension direction of the protrusion 21 and is orthogonal to the center line of the impact hole 2.

[0078] The hole wall surface of the impact hole 2 connected between two adjacent protrusions 21 is a curved surface 26. Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Fig.11 As shown, along the direction around the center line of the impact hole 2 , the hole wall surface of the impact hole 2 connected between two adjacent protrusions 21 is a curved surface 26 .

[0079] The impact fluid passing through the impact holes 22 is guided by the extension direction of the protrusion 21 and the arc surface 26, so that the impact fluid avoids direct impact with each other after impacting the target surface from the two impact holes 22 with the smallest center distance.

[0080] It can be understood that the protrusion is not limited to extending in a direction orthogonal to the center line of the impact hole. In other embodiments, the impact hole is C-shaped.

[0081] It can be understood that the hole wall surface of the impact hole connected between two adjacent protrusions is not limited to being a curved surface. In other embodiments, the hole wall surface of the impact hole connected between two adjacent protrusions is a plane or a stepped surface.

[0082] In such Figure 1-Figure 5 In the example shown, there are two protrusions 21 , and at least one hole wall surface connected between the two protrusions 21 forms a recess 11 on the impact plate 1 .

[0083] Specifically, the impact hole 2 has two protrusions 21, and two arc surfaces 26 are connected between the two protrusions 21, wherein at least one arc surface 26 forms a recess 11 on the impact plate 1. In other words, both arc surfaces 26 can form a recess 11 on the impact plate 1, or one arc surface 26 can form a recess 11 on the impact plate 1, and the other arc surface 26 can form a protrusion 12 on the impact plate 1. For example, the impact hole 2 is L-shaped.

[0084] Preferably, the two arc surfaces 26 both form a recess 11 on the impact plate 1 .

[0085] More preferably, the cross section of the impact hole 2 is elliptical.

[0086] More specifically, if Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22, the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23, the away side 25 of the first impact hole 22, and the away side 25 of the second impact hole 23 all have a protrusion 21, and the line segment OO is located between the protrusion 21 of the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the protrusion 21 of the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23, thereby ensuring that the protrusions 21 are staggered.

[0087] In such Figure 6-Figure 15 In the example shown, there are three or more protrusions 21 , and the hole wall surface between two adjacent protrusions 21 forms a protrusion 12 on the impact plate 1 .

[0088] Specifically, in Figure 6-Figure 9 In the example shown, the impact hole 2 has three protrusions 21 , and the arc surface 26 connecting two adjacent protrusions 21 forms a protrusion 12 on the impact plate 1 .

[0089] The three protrusions 21 are preferably arranged along the three apex angles of an equilateral triangle.

[0090] More specifically, if Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, in the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23, one has one protrusion 21 and the other has two protrusions 21, the protrusion 21 of one and the arc surface 26 between the two protrusions 21 of the other are arranged relative to each other, one end of the line segment OO is located on the protrusion 21 of one, and the other end is located between the two protrusions 21 of the other, thereby ensuring that the protrusions 21 are staggered.

[0091] In such Figure 10-15 In the example shown, the impact hole 2 has six protrusions 21 , and the arc surface 26 connecting two adjacent protrusions 21 forms a protrusion 12 on the impact plate 1 .

[0092] The six protrusions 21 are preferably arranged along the six vertices of a regular hexagon.

[0093] More specifically, if Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, the adjacent sides 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the second impact hole 23 each have three protrusions 21 , and the protrusions 21 of the adjacent sides 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the protrusions 21 of the adjacent sides 24 of the second impact hole 23 are both spaced apart from the line segment OO.

[0094] In the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23, one has two protrusions 21 on one side of the line segment OO, and the other has one protrusion 21 on the same side of the line segment OO. Fig.13The example shown shows that the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 has two protrusions 21 on the lower side of the line segment OO, the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 has one protrusion on the lower side of the line segment OO, the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 has one protrusion 21 on the upper side of the line segment OO, and the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 has two protrusions on the upper side of the line segment OO. Thus, the protrusions 21 are staggered.

[0095] In some embodiments, the plurality of impact holes 2 arranged in an array include a plurality of impact holes 2 arranged in a first direction (eg Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 At least two rows of impact holes 2 are arranged in an interval manner (in the vertical direction shown in FIG. 1 ), and each row of impact holes 2 includes a plurality of impact holes 2 arranged in a first direction (in the vertical direction shown in FIG. 1 ). Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 A plurality of impact holes 2 are arranged at intervals in the left and right direction (as shown), and the second direction is orthogonal to the first direction.

[0096] In two adjacent rows of impact holes 2, the multiple impact holes 2 in one row are arranged alternately with the multiple impact holes 2 in the other row, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 shown.

[0097] In two adjacent rows of impact holes 2, the impact holes 2 in one row and the impact holes 2 in the other row arranged alternately have the smallest center distance compared with the other impact holes 2. Thus, the impact fluid avoids directly impacting each other after impacting the target surface from the two impact holes 22 with the smallest center distance.

[0098] Specifically, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, in two adjacent rows of impact holes 2, the impact holes 2 in the lower row of impact holes 2 are used as first impact holes 22, and the impact holes 2 in the upper row of impact holes 2 that are arranged alternately with the first impact holes 22 are second impact holes 23. In other words, the impact holes 2 to the upper left, the upper right, the lower left, and the lower right of the first impact hole 22 are all second impact holes 23.

[0099] At this time, the number of the protrusions 21 of the impact hole 2 is preferably, but not limited to, two and three. When the number of the protrusions 21 of the impact hole 2 is preferably two, the cross section of the impact hole 2 is preferably an ellipse, such as Figure 1-Figure 5 When the number of the protrusions 21 of the impact hole 2 is preferably three, the three protrusions 21 are preferably arranged along the three vertices of an equilateral triangle, such as Figure 6 and Figure 8 It is understandable that the number of the protrusions 21 of the impact hole 2 can also be more than three.

[0100] It should be noted that, in the three adjacent rows of impact holes 2 arranged from bottom to top, the impact holes 2 in the first row and the impact holes 2 in the third row can be arranged alternately or oppositely, preferably oppositely. In the impact hole 2 in the first row and another impact hole 2 in the third row opposite to the impact hole 2, the protrusion 21 on the upper side of the impact hole 2 in the first row can be arranged oppositely to the protrusion 21 on the lower side of the impact hole 2 in the third row, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the center distance between the two impact holes 2 is greater than L min Preferably, in the multiple rows of impact holes 2, the connecting lines of the two protrusions 21 of any two impact holes 2 are parallel. The protrusions 21 on the upper side of the impact holes 2 in the first row can also be arranged in a staggered manner with the protrusions 21 on the lower side of the impact holes 2 in the third row, such as Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, preferably, in two adjacent rows of impact holes 2, the connection line of the two protrusions 21 of the impact holes 2 in one row and the connection line of the two protrusions 21 of the impact holes 2 in the other row have an angle, and the connection line of the two protrusions 21 of the impact holes 2 in the first row is parallel to the connection line of the two protrusions 21 of the impact holes 2 in the third row. Preferably, the protrusions 21 on the upper side of the impact holes 2 in the first row and the protrusions 21 on the lower side of the impact holes 2 in the third row are staggered to further avoid the impact fluids from the two impact holes 2 impacting the target surface and directly impacting each other, thereby reducing the impact loss caused by the impact fluids from the two impact holes 2 impacting the target surface.

[0101] In some embodiments, the plurality of impact holes 2 arranged in an array include a plurality of impact holes 2 arranged in a first direction (eg Figure 6 At least two rows of impact holes 2 are arranged in an interval manner (in the vertical direction shown in FIG. 1 ), and each row of impact holes 2 includes a plurality of impact holes 2 arranged in a first direction (in the vertical direction shown in FIG. 1 ). Figure 6 A plurality of impact holes 2 are arranged at intervals in the left and right direction (as shown), and the second direction is orthogonal to the first direction.

[0102] In two adjacent rows of impact holes 2, the multiple impact holes 2 in one row are arranged alternately with the multiple impact holes 2 in the other row.

[0103] In the first direction (such as Figure 6 In the three rows of impact holes 2 arranged in sequence in the up and down direction shown in FIG. Figure 6 The plurality of impact holes 2 in the first row (in the vertical direction shown in FIG. 1 ) are arranged opposite to the plurality of impact holes 2 in the third row. Therefore, the plurality of impact holes 2 in the second row are arranged alternately with the plurality of impact holes 2 in the first row, and at the same time, the plurality of impact holes 2 in the second row are also arranged alternately with the plurality of impact holes 2 in the third row.

[0104] The impact holes 2 in the first row and the impact holes 2 in the third row have the smallest center distance compared to the other impact holes 2. Therefore, the impact fluid avoids directly impacting each other after impacting the target surface through the two impact holes 22 with the smallest center distance.

[0105] Specifically, Figure 6 and Fig. 9 As shown, in the three rows of impact holes 2 arranged sequentially from bottom to top, the impact holes 2 in the first row of impact holes 2 are the first impact holes 22, and the impact holes 2 arranged opposite to the first impact holes 22 in the third row of impact holes 2 are the second impact holes 23. In other words, the adjacent impact holes 2 directly above and the adjacent impact holes 2 directly below the first impact hole 22 are both the second impact holes 23.

[0106] At this time, the impact hole 2 is preferably, but not limited to, configured to have three protrusions 21 , and more preferably, the three protrusions 21 are arranged along the three vertices of an equilateral triangle.

[0107] Furthermore, in Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 In the example shown, in the three rows of impact holes 2 arranged sequentially from bottom to top, the impact holes 2 in the first row of impact holes 2 are the first impact holes 22, the impact holes 2 arranged alternately with the first impact holes 22 in the second row of impact holes 2 are the second impact holes 23, and the impact holes 2 arranged opposite to the first impact holes 22 in the third row of impact holes 2 are also the second impact holes 23. In other words, the center distance between the impact holes 2 arranged alternately with the first impact holes 22 in the second row of impact holes 2 and the first impact holes 22, and the center distance between the impact holes 2 arranged opposite to the first impact holes 22 in the third row of impact holes 2 and the first impact holes 22 are equal, and are both the minimum center distance L min Therefore, any impact hole 2 adjacent to the first impact hole 22 is a second impact hole 23 .

[0108] It can be understood that any impact hole adjacent to the first impact hole is not limited to being the second impact hole. In other embodiments, the center distance between the impact holes in the second row of impact holes that are arranged alternately with the first impact holes and the first impact holes is the minimum center distance L. min , the center distance between the impact hole arranged opposite to the first impact hole in the third row of impact holes and the first impact hole is greater than the minimum center distance L min .

[0109] In some embodiments, the plurality of impact holes 2 arranged in an array include a plurality of impact holes 2 arranged in a first direction (eg Fig.10 At least two rows of impact holes 2 are arranged in an interval manner (in the vertical direction shown in FIG. 1 ), and each row of impact holes 2 includes a plurality of impact holes 2 arranged in a first direction (in the vertical direction shown in FIG. 1 ). Fig.10A plurality of impact holes 2 are arranged at intervals in the left and right direction (as shown), and the second direction is orthogonal to the first direction.

[0110] In two adjacent rows of impact holes 2, a plurality of impact holes 2 in one row are arranged opposite to a plurality of impact holes 2 in another row, and the impact holes 2 in one row and the impact holes 2 arranged opposite to each other row have the smallest center distance compared to other impact holes 2, and / or, two adjacent impact holes 2 in each row have the smallest center distance relative to other impact holes 2. Thus, the impact fluid is prevented from directly impacting each other after impacting the target surface from the two impact holes 22 with the smallest center distance.

[0111] Specifically, Fig.13 As shown, one impact hole 2 is used as the first impact hole 22, and among the multiple impact holes 2 in the row where the first impact hole 22 is located, the impact hole 2 adjacent to the first impact hole 22 is the second impact hole 23. In other words, the adjacent impact hole 2 to the left and the adjacent impact hole 2 to the right of the first impact hole 22 are both the second impact holes 23.

[0112] At this time, the impact hole 2 is preferably, but not limited to, configured to have six protrusions 21 , and more preferably, the six protrusions 21 are arranged along the six vertices of a regular hexagon.

[0113] like Fig.14 As shown, in two adjacent rows of impact holes 2, the impact holes 2 in the lower row of impact holes 2 are used as first impact holes 22, and the impact holes 2 in the upper row of impact holes 2 that are arranged opposite to the first impact holes 22 are second impact holes 23. In other words, the adjacent impact holes 2 directly above and the adjacent impact holes 2 directly below the first impact hole 22 are both second impact holes 23.

[0114] At this time, the impact hole 2 is preferably, but not limited to, configured to have six protrusions 21 , and more preferably, the six protrusions 21 are arranged along the six vertices of a regular hexagon.

[0115] The adjacent impact holes 2 of the first impact hole 22 in the up-down direction and the adjacent impact holes 2 in the left-right direction can both be used as the second impact holes 23, or one of them can be used as the second impact hole 23. For example, the adjacent impact holes 2 of the first impact hole 22 in the up-down direction are used as the second impact holes 23, and the center distance between the adjacent impact holes 2 in the left-right direction and the first impact hole 22 is greater than the minimum center distance L. min Preferably, the adjacent impact holes 2 of the first impact hole 22 in the up-down direction and the adjacent impact holes 2 in the left-right direction are both used as the second impact holes 23 .

[0116] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the impact hole 2 varies along the extension direction of the center line of the impact hole 2 , and forms a minimum cross-sectional area 29 of the impact hole 2 between the outlet 28 and the inlet 27 of the impact hole 2 .

[0117] like Fig.12 As shown, the impact hole 2 extends in the up-down direction. In other words, the center line of the impact hole 2 extends in the up-down direction.

[0118] The top opening of the impact hole 2 is the inlet 27 of the impact hole 2, which is used for the impact fluid to enter the impact hole 2. The bottom opening of the impact hole 2 is the outlet 28 of the impact hole 2, which is used for the impact fluid to be discharged from the impact hole 2 to the target surface.

[0119] The impact hole 2 is configured to have a variable cross section, and a minimum cross section 29 of the impact hole 2 is formed between an outlet 28 and an inlet 27 of the impact hole 2 .

[0120] Therefore, the areas of the outlet 28 and the inlet 27 of the impact hole 2 are both larger than the minimum cross section 29 of the impact hole 2, thereby reducing the resistance loss and improving the cooling efficiency.

[0121] It can be understood that, in some embodiments, the cross-section of the impact hole can also be set to be constant along the center line of the impact hole.

[0122] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the impact hole 2 gradually decreases from the inlet 27 to the minimum cross-sectional area 29 , and the cross-sectional area of ​​the impact hole 2 gradually increases from the minimum cross-sectional area 29 to the outlet 28 .

[0123] like Fig.12 As shown, the hole wall surface of the impact hole 2 is divided into an upper section and a lower section by a minimum cross section 29. The upper section is set as a curved surface whose cross-sectional area gradually decreases from the inlet 27 to the minimum cross section 29, and the lower section is set as a curved surface whose cross-sectional area gradually increases from the minimum cross section 29 to the outlet 28.

[0124] Therefore, both the outlet 28 and the inlet 27 of the impact hole 2 are in an expansion shape from the inside of the hole to the outside of the hole. At the same time, the hole wall surface of the impact hole 2 gradually transitions from the inlet 27 to the minimum cross-section 29, and gradually transitions from the minimum cross-section 29 to the outlet 28, so as to avoid the resistance loss caused by the flow separation caused by the sudden contraction or expansion of the impact hole 2, reduce the local loss of the outlet 28 and the inlet 27, and thus improve the cooling efficiency.

[0125] It can be understood that, in other embodiments, the upper section and the lower section can be respectively configured as inclined surfaces.

[0126] In some embodiments, Fig.12 As shown, the cross-sectional area S1 of the inlet 27, the area S2 of the minimum cross section 29, and the cross-sectional area S3 of the outlet 28 satisfy: 0.5×min(S1 / S3)≤S2≤S1 / S3. Thus, the impact fluid avoids direct impact with each other after impacting the target surface from the two impact holes 22 with the smallest center distance, and at the same time avoids the resistance loss caused by flow separation due to sudden contraction or expansion of the impact hole 2.

[0127] In some embodiments, Fig.12 As shown, the distance H1 between the inlet 27 and the outlet 28, and the distance H2 between the inlet 27 and the minimum cross section 29 satisfy: 0.5×H1≤H2≤H1. Thus, the impact fluid avoids direct impact with each other after impacting the target surface from the two impact holes 22 with the smallest center distance, and at the same time avoids the resistance loss caused by flow separation due to sudden contraction or expansion of the impact hole 2.

[0128] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a turbine blade.

[0129] The turbine blade according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the impingement cooling assembly according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0130] The turbine blades of the embodiment of the present invention have good heat exchange uniformity and strong cooling effect by adopting the impingement cooling assembly of the embodiment of the present invention, and reduce the thermal stress of the turbine blades and the amount of cooling gas used.

[0131] In some embodiments, a turbine blade includes a blade body and an impingement cooling assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention, an impingement plate 1 is disposed in the blade body and divides the internal space of the blade body into an air supply cavity and an impingement cavity, an impingement hole 2 connects the air supply cavity and the impingement cavity, a portion of the inner wall surface of the blade body is disposed opposite to a surface of the impingement plate 1 having an outlet of the impingement hole 2 and serves as a target surface 3, the impingement cavity is located between the target surface 3 and the impingement plate 1, and in the case of Fig.15 In the example shown, the component provided with the target surface 3 is a wall portion of the blade body. Impact fluid such as cold air enters the impact cavity from the air supply cavity through the impact hole 2 and impacts on the inner wall surface of the blade body as the target surface 3, thereby cooling the target surface 3 and the blade body.

[0132] In other embodiments, the turbine blade includes an end wall and an impingement cooling assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention, one end of the end wall is used to set the blade body, the other end of the end wall is set with an impingement plate 1, and an impingement cavity is provided between the other end of the end wall and the impingement plate 1, a part of the wall surface of the end wall is arranged opposite to the surface of the impingement plate 1 provided with the outlet of the impingement hole 2 and serves as a target surface 3, and the target surface 3 is the wall surface of the end wall away from the blade body, in the example Fig.15 In the example shown, the component with the target surface 3 is the end wall, and the blade body is not shown. Impact fluid such as cold air enters the impact cavity through the impact hole 2 and impacts on the wall surface of the end wall as the target surface 3, thereby cooling the target surface 3 and the end wall.

[0133] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a turbine guard ring.

[0134] The turbine shroud according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises the impingement cooling assembly according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0135] The turbine guard ring of the embodiment of the present invention has good heat exchange uniformity and strong cooling effect by adopting the impingement cooling assembly of the embodiment of the present invention, reduces the thermal stress of the turbine guard ring, and can also reduce the amount of cooling gas used.

[0136] In some embodiments, the turbine guard ring includes a guard ring body and an impingement cooling assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention, one end of the guard ring body is used to form a space surrounding the turbine blades, an impingement plate 1 is arranged at the other end of the guard ring body, and an impingement cavity is arranged between the other end of the guard ring body and the impingement plate 1, and a part of the wall surface of the other end of the guard ring body and the surface of the impingement plate 1 having the outlet of the impingement hole 2 are arranged opposite to each other and serve as a target surface 3, such as Fig.15 In the example shown, the member provided with the target surface 3 is the guard ring body. Impact fluid such as cold air enters the impact cavity through the impact hole 2 and impacts on the wall surface of the guard ring body as the target surface 3, thereby cooling the target surface 3 and the guard ring body.

[0137] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a gas turbine. The gas turbine of the embodiment of the present invention includes the turbine blades of the embodiment of the present invention or the turbine guard ring of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0138] The gas turbine of the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the amount of cooling gas used and the maintenance and replacement frequency of the turbine blades or turbine shrouds by adopting the turbine blades or turbine shrouds of the embodiment of the present invention, thereby enhancing environmental adaptability.

[0139] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as “center”, “up”, “down”, “left”, “right”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside” and “outside” are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0140] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0141] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0142] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0143] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0144] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An impingement cooling assembly, characterized in that: include: An impact plate (1) and a plurality of impact holes (2) provided on the impact plate (1), wherein the plurality of impact holes (2) are arranged in an array, the impact holes (2) having at least two protrusions (21) extending laterally, and in each impact hole (2) having the smallest center distance with another impact hole (2), the protrusion (21) on the side of one impact hole (2) facing another impact hole (2) and the protrusion (21) on the side of another impact hole (2) facing one impact hole (2) are arranged in a staggered manner.

2. The impingement cooling assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that The plurality of impact holes (2) arranged in an array include at least two rows of impact holes (2) arranged at intervals along a first direction, and each row of impact holes (2) includes a plurality of impact holes (2) arranged at intervals along a second direction, wherein the second direction is orthogonal to the first direction; In two adjacent rows of the impact holes (2), a plurality of the impact holes (2) in one row are arranged alternately with a plurality of the impact holes (2) in another row, and the impact holes (2) in one row and the impact holes (2) arranged alternately in another row have a minimum center distance compared to the other impact holes (2).

3. The impingement cooling assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The plurality of impact holes (2) arranged in an array include at least two rows of impact holes (2) arranged at intervals along a first direction, and each row of impact holes (2) includes a plurality of impact holes (2) arranged at intervals along a second direction, wherein the second direction is orthogonal to the first direction; In two adjacent rows of the impact holes (2), the plurality of impact holes (2) in one row are arranged alternately with the plurality of impact holes (2) in the other row; In the three rows of impact holes (2) arranged in sequence along the first direction, a plurality of impact holes (2) in a first row along the first direction are arranged opposite to a plurality of impact holes (2) in a third row; The impact holes (2) in the first row and the impact holes (2) arranged opposite to each other in the third row have the smallest center distance compared to the other impact holes (2).

4. The impingement cooling assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that The plurality of impact holes (2) arranged in an array include at least two rows of impact holes (2) arranged at intervals along a first direction, and each row of impact holes (2) includes a plurality of impact holes (2) arranged at intervals along a second direction, wherein the second direction is orthogonal to the first direction; In two adjacent rows of the impact holes (2), a plurality of the impact holes (2) in one row are arranged opposite to a plurality of the impact holes (2) in the other row, the impact holes (2) in one row and the impact holes (2) arranged opposite to the other row have a minimum center distance compared to the other impact holes (2), and / or two adjacent impact holes (2) in each row have a minimum center distance relative to the other impact holes (2).

5. The impingement cooling assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that The protruding portion (21) extends in a direction perpendicular to the center line of the impact hole (2), and the hole wall surface of the impact hole (2) connected between two adjacent protruding portions (21) is a curved surface (26).

6. The impingement cooling assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that There are two protrusions (21), and at least one of the hole walls connected to the two protrusions (21) forms a recess (11) on the impact plate (1).

7. The impingement cooling assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that The cross section of the impact hole (2) is elliptical.

8. The impingement cooling assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that There are three or more protrusions (21), and the hole wall surface between two adjacent protrusions (21) forms a protrusion (12) on the impact plate (1).

9. The impingement cooling assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that The cross-sectional area of ​​the impact hole (2) changes along the extension direction of the center line of the impact hole (2), and forms the minimum cross-sectional area (29) of the impact hole (2) between the outlet (28) and the inlet (27) of the impact hole (2).

10. The impingement cooling assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that The cross-sectional area of ​​the impact hole (2) gradually decreases from the inlet (27) to the minimum cross-sectional area (29), and the cross-sectional area of ​​the impact hole (2) gradually increases from the minimum cross-sectional area (29) to the outlet (28).

11. The impingement cooling assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that The cross-sectional area S1 of the inlet (27), the area S2 of the minimum cross section (29), and the cross-sectional area S3 of the outlet (28) satisfy: 0.5×min(S1 / S3)≤S2≤S1 / S3.

12. The impingement cooling assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that The distance H1 between the inlet (27) and the outlet (28), and the distance H2 between the inlet (27) and the minimum cross section (29) satisfy: 0.5×H1≤H2≤H1.

13. A turbine blade, characterized in that: include: The impingement cooling assembly of any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. A turbine guard ring, characterized in that: include: The impingement cooling assembly of any one of claims 1 to 12.

15. A gas turbine, characterized in that: include: The turbine blade according to claim 13 or the turbine shroud according to claim 14.

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