Structural strain energy acquisition and storage device using temperature difference

Abstract

The invention discloses a structural strain energy acquisition and storage device using temperature difference, and belongs to the technical field of structural strain energy storage, a temperature-sensitive base is arranged at one end in a rigid shell, and a strain energy storage module is arranged at the other end in the rigid shell; one end of the temperature-sensitive base is connected with the motor, and the other end of the temperature-sensitive base is connected with one end of the strain energy storage module through the deformation transmission module; the other end of the strain energy storage module is connected with the power generation module. The problem that elastic strain energy is released too fast is solved through the coupling effect of the temperature-insensitive material and the temperature-sensitive base, the strain energy release rate is controlled through natural temperature difference to achieve stable power generation, when the temperature is reduced at night, the temperature-sensitive base is shortened, the strain energy storage module is driven to slowly release the strain energy, and the power generation efficiency is improved. The power generation module is driven to convert strain energy into electric energy; according to the invention, stable output of energy can be realized, so that the efficiency and reliability of the energy storage device are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of structural strain energy storage, and in particular relates to a structural strain energy collection and storage device utilizing temperature difference. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy technologies, how to efficiently store and release energy has become a key challenge. Traditional energy storage methods have many limitations: electrochemical energy storage methods are expensive and generate heat during operation, accompanied by potential flammable and explosive risks, especially in high temperature environments; although pumped storage methods are relatively mature, they have strict requirements on geographical conditions and are difficult to promote on a large scale; flywheel energy storage uses inertia to store electricity, but has a low energy density and poor power supply continuity, making it unsuitable for large-scale storage of wind and solar energy. These limitations make it difficult to fully absorb new energy electricity, further exacerbating problems such as wind and solar power abandonment.

[0003] At present, there is a technology that uses temperature difference to generate electricity. By building cold storage tanks and heat storage tanks, temperature difference potential energy is formed and converted into electrical output. In the high-latitude areas of northwest my country, the solar radiation is strong and the temperature difference between day and night is significant. When air is used as the medium, the temperature difference between day and night can reach 20°C, and when sand is used as the medium, the temperature difference between day and night can reach 40°C, which provides a natural and sufficient resource for the use of temperature difference energy. And this temperature difference energy usually generates electricity at night, which complements the advantages of solar power generation during the day.

[0004] In addition, large temperature differences usually cause significant deformation of the structure, which provides the possibility of storing strain energy. Structural strain energy storage is a new type of energy storage method that uses the elasticity and deformation ability of materials to store energy. However, elastic strain energy is usually released too quickly, making it difficult to achieve efficient utilization. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a technology that can stably store and slowly release strain energy to improve energy utilization efficiency and adapt to energy storage needs in different weather conditions. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a structural strain energy collection and storage device utilizing temperature difference, so as to solve the problem that in the existing structural strain energy storage, traditional elastic strain energy is usually released too quickly and is difficult to achieve efficient utilization.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A structural strain energy collection and storage device using temperature difference, comprising a strain energy storage module, a temperature-sensitive base and a rigid housing;

[0008] The temperature-sensitive base is arranged at one end of the rigid shell, and the strain energy storage module is arranged at the other end of the rigid shell; one end of the temperature-sensitive base is connected to the motor, and the other end of the temperature-sensitive base is connected to one end of the strain energy storage module through the deformation transfer module; the other end of the strain energy storage module is connected to the power generation module.

[0009] Furthermore, the strain energy storage module includes at least one spring; the spring is made of a temperature-insensitive material.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of the springs are arranged to be nested with each other.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of the springs are arranged in parallel.

[0012] Furthermore, the material of the temperature-sensitive base is a temperature-sensitive material.

[0013] Furthermore, the rigid shell is made of a metal heat-conducting material.

[0014] Furthermore, the strain energy W transmitted from the temperature-sensitive base to the strain energy storage module due to temperature change is t for:

[0015]

[0016] Where E is the elastic modulus of the material of the strain energy storage module; α1 and α2 are the linear expansion coefficients of the strain energy storage module and the temperature sensitive base respectively; Δ T is the temperature change of the external environment; V is the volume of the strain energy storage module.

[0017] Furthermore, when the solar radiation is strong or the wind is strong during the day, the motor operation stores the surplus electric energy in the strain energy storage module. At this time, the total strain energy W of the strain energy storage module is total for:

[0018] W total =W t +β1W e

[0019] Among them, W e is the surplus electrical energy, and β1 is the energy loss rate when electrical energy is converted into strain energy.

[0020] Furthermore, when the temperature-sensitive base undergoes temperature-induced contraction, it drives the strain energy storage module to extend and release strain energy:

[0021]

[0022] Among them, R w is the strain energy release rate.

[0023] The structural strain energy collection and energy storage device using temperature difference provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The present invention utilizes the coupling effect of temperature-insensitive materials and temperature-sensitive bases to solve the problem of too fast release of elastic strain energy, and controls the strain energy release rate through natural temperature difference to achieve stable power generation. This power generation method can also complement the advantages of solar power generation as a form of storing solar energy and wind energy.

[0025] 2. The present invention reserves strain energy through the coupling effect of the temperature-sensitive base and the temperature-insensitive material during the day, and controls the strain energy release rate by lowering the temperature at night, which complements the advantages of solar power generation and achieves stable power output.

[0026] 3. Compared with the traditional temperature difference energy storage method of establishing a cold storage tank and a heat storage tank, the present invention has no risk of heat exchange medium leakage, is safer and more environmentally friendly, and is suitable for long-term operation.

[0027] 4. The strain energy storage power generation method based on the temperature difference effect of the present invention does not require the addition of additional mechanical devices, is free from vibration and noise, and has a simple and compact structure and a small footprint, which can reduce costs and is conducive to subsequent operation and maintenance.

[0028] 5. The present invention effectively solves the problem of new energy consumption, and has a simple principle, convenient operation and maintenance, and can realize wind, solar and storage combined power generation. The method is safe and pollution-free, and has almost zero emissions during the energy conversion process. It opens up a new technical approach for "peak shaving and valley leveling" of power supply, and provides further technical support for the application of clean energy and energy conservation and emission reduction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a device for collecting and storing structural strain energy using temperature difference.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a deformation equilibrium model of the temperature-sensitive base and the strain energy storage module of the present invention.

[0031] Among them, 1. Strain energy storage module; 2. Temperature sensitive base; 3. Deformation transfer module; 4. Rigid shell; 5. Motor; 6. Power generation module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] The present embodiment is a structural strain energy collection and energy storage device using temperature difference. The present embodiment uses the strain difference between the temperature-sensitive base 2 and the strain energy storage module 1 (temperature-insensitive material) to accumulate strain energy when the temperature is high during the day and store it in the strain energy storage module 1 (temperature-insensitive material). When the temperature drops at night, the temperature-sensitive base 2 shortens, driving the strain energy storage module 1 to slowly release strain energy, driving the power generation module 6 to convert strain energy into electrical energy. Figure 1 , which specifically include:

[0035] Strain energy storage module 1, temperature sensitive base 2, deformation transmission module 3, rigid housing 4, motor 5, power generation module 6;

[0036] Specifically, the temperature-sensitive base 2 is arranged at one end of the rigid shell 4, and the strain energy storage module 1 is arranged at the other end of the rigid shell 4; one end of the temperature-sensitive base 2 is connected to the motor 5, and the other end of the temperature-sensitive base 2 is connected to one end of the strain energy storage module 1 through the deformation transfer module 3; the other end of the strain energy storage module 1 is connected to the power generation module 6.

[0037] As the preferred embodiment of this invention, the specific embodiments are as follows:

[0038] The strain energy storage module 1 uses a temperature-insensitive material, that is, a material with a low linear expansion coefficient. In order to store more strain energy, it can be in the form of a spring. In particular, the temperature-insensitive material of this embodiment is preferably carbon fiber; carbon fiber has a large elastic modulus, strong deformation ability, is temperature-insensitive, and has good fatigue resistance, and is more suitable as a strain energy storage structure. In addition, the energy storage spring structure can be further optimized, such as using a design in which multiple springs are nested or arranged in parallel to increase the energy storage density per unit space.

[0039] The temperature sensitive base 2 is made of temperature sensitive material, that is, material with large linear expansion coefficient, and has significant temperature-induced deformation capability, and can store and release strain energy under the drive of temperature change. This embodiment does not limit the shape of the temperature sensitive base 2, and preferably has a cylindrical structure.

[0040] The thermal deformation transfer module 3 is disposed between the temperature-sensitive base 2 and the strain energy storage module 1, and is responsible for accurately transferring the thermal deformation generated by the temperature-sensitive base 2 to the strain energy storage module 1. This embodiment does not limit the specific shape of the thermal deformation transfer module 3, which is preferably disc-shaped.

[0041] The rigid shell 4 covers the entire system and is made of a high thermal conductivity material (such as aluminum or copper), while providing necessary mechanical protection to ensure stable operation of the system. The rigid shell 4 limits the expansion direction of the temperature-sensitive base 2, so that it mainly produces axial positive strain. This embodiment does not limit the specific shape of the rigid shell 4, and is preferably a hollow cylindrical shape.

[0042] The motor 5 is used to utilize the excess electric energy during the day to perform additional tensioning on the strain energy storage module 1 to improve the energy storage efficiency. When other energy is surplus, such as solar energy, wind energy or other forms of energy, the surplus energy drives the motor 5 to operate and stores the electric energy in the strain energy storage module 1.

[0043] The power generation module 6 converts the stored strain energy into electrical energy through a mechanical transmission or an electric conversion device for use in nighttime power generation.

[0044] The working principle of a structural strain energy collection and energy storage device using temperature difference in this embodiment is as follows:

[0045] The rigid shell 4 has good thermal conductivity. When the temperature rises during the day, the temperature is transferred from the outside to the temperature-sensitive base 2 through the rigid shell 4. The temperature-sensitive base 2 undergoes temperature-induced expansion. Due to the constraint of the rigid shell 4, the temperature-sensitive base 2 can be considered to only produce axial strain and transfer the strain to the strain energy storage module 1 through the thermal deformation transfer module 3. The strain energy storage module 1 can better store strain energy because the expansion deformation caused by the external temperature change is smaller.

[0046] For the above working principle, the specific principles of energy storage and energy release in this embodiment are:

[0047] 1. Temperature rises to store strain energy;

[0048] Strain energy is stored during structural deformation. The amount of strain energy stored is related to the structural size, deformation, elastic modulus, etc. For linear elastic materials, the strain energy stored by elastic deformation is:

[0049]

[0050] Where, ε is strain; A is cross-sectional area; Δl is deformation; l is original length;

[0051] When the temperature is high during the day, the temperature-sensitive base 2 expands and is restricted by the rigid shell 4, and the strain is transmitted to the strain energy storage module 1. Figure 2 As shown. Assuming that the temperature-sensitive base 2 only produces positive strain (linear strain), the strain caused by temperature increase is: (Since the storage strain energy module 1 uses temperature-insensitive materials, it is assumed that no temperature deformation occurs);

[0052] ε2=(α2-α1)Δ T (2)

[0053] Where α1 is the linear expansion coefficient of the strain energy storage module 1. Due to the selection of temperature-insensitive materials, α1 is close to 0. α2 is the linear expansion coefficient of the temperature-sensitive base 2. T is the temperature change of the external environment.

[0054] If the direct interaction between the strain energy storage module 1 and the temperature-sensitive base 2 is not considered, Δl = ε2·l, then the strain energy stored in the strain energy storage module 1 after all the deformation of the temperature-sensitive base 2 is calculated by substituting it into equation (1):

[0055]

[0056] Wherein, α1 and α2 are the linear expansion coefficients of the strain energy storage module 1 and the temperature sensitive base 2 respectively; E is the elastic modulus of the material of the strain energy storage module; and V is the volume of the strain energy storage module.

[0057] If the interaction between the strain energy storage module 1 and the temperature sensitive base 2 is considered, it is calculated that:

[0058]

[0059] Where, E1, E2; A1, A2 are the elastic modulus and cross-sectional area of ​​the strain energy storage module 1 and the temperature sensitive base 2 respectively; Substituting formula (4) into formula (1) can calculate the stored strain energy.

[0060] 2. Convert surplus electrical energy into strain energy;

[0061] Due to strong solar radiation during the day or strong winds, surplus electric energy is generated. The surplus electric energy can be further tensioned by the motor 5 to store the strain energy module 1; finally, the total amount of strain energy stored in the strain energy module 1 is W total for:

[0062] W total =W t +β1W e (5)

[0063] Where W t is the strain energy transmitted by the temperature-sensitive base 2 due to temperature change, W e is the surplus electrical energy, and β1 is the energy loss rate when electrical energy is converted into strain energy.

[0064] 3. Temperature reduction releases strain energy;

[0065] When the temperature drops at night, the temperature-sensitive base 2 shrinks due to temperature, driving the strain energy storage module 1 to stretch and release strain energy. The energy release rate is a core parameter in the design of energy storage systems. If the release rate is too fast, it will cause instantaneous energy overload and affect the stable operation of power generation equipment. By releasing energy slowly, more energy can be effectively converted into electrical energy, reducing waste and extending the life of the system. The strain energy release rate is expressed as:

[0066]

[0067] In the formula, R w It is the strain energy release rate, and its unit is W or J / s.

[0068] According to formula (3), W t Taking the derivative about time t, we get:

[0069]

[0070] The released strain energy is converted into electrical energy through a mechanical rotation system or an electric conversion device, namely, a power generation module 6. Since the contraction of the temperature-sensitive base 2 is a slow process, a stable power output can be achieved, which is suitable for nighttime power generation. Through reasonable structure and material design, as well as optimization of the release rate, a stable output of energy can be achieved, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of the energy storage system.

[0071] In the high latitudes of northwest my country, the solar radiation is strong and the temperature difference between day and night is large. The temperature difference between day and night can reach 20°C in air medium and 40°C in sand medium. The design of multiple springs nested or parallel to each other, combined with the temperature difference between day and night in the external environment, can control the energy release rate within a high and safe range, achieve stable energy output, and thus ensure the efficiency and reliability of the energy storage device.

[0072] Although the specific implementation of the invention is described in detail in conjunction with the drawings, it should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this patent. Within the scope described in the claims, various modifications and variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative work still fall within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A structural strain energy collection and storage device using temperature difference, characterized in that: It includes a strain energy storage module, a temperature-sensitive base and a rigid shell; The temperature-sensitive base is arranged at one end of the rigid shell, and the strain energy storage module is arranged at the other end of the rigid shell; one end of the temperature-sensitive base is connected to the motor, and the other end of the temperature-sensitive base is connected to one end of the strain energy storage module through the deformation transfer module; the other end of the strain energy storage module is connected to the power generation module.

2. The structural strain energy collection and storage device using temperature difference according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The strain energy storage module includes at least one spring; the spring is made of a temperature-insensitive material.

3. The structural strain energy collection and storage device using temperature difference according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A plurality of the springs are nested and arranged with each other.

4. The structural strain energy collection and storage device using temperature difference according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A plurality of the springs are arranged in parallel.

5. The structural strain energy collection and storage device using temperature difference according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The material of the temperature-sensitive base is a temperature-sensitive material.

6. The structural strain energy collection and storage device using temperature difference according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rigid shell is made of metal heat-conducting material.

7. The structural strain energy collection and storage device using temperature difference according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The strain energy W transmitted from the temperature sensitive base to the strain energy storage module due to temperature change t for: Where E is the elastic modulus of the material of the strain energy storage module; α1 and α2 are the linear expansion coefficients of the strain energy storage module and the temperature sensitive base respectively; Δ T is the temperature change of the external environment; V is the volume of the strain energy storage module.

8. The structural strain energy collection and storage device using temperature difference according to claim 7 is characterized in that: When the solar radiation is strong or the wind is strong during the day, the motor operation will store the surplus electric energy in the strain energy storage module. At this time, the total strain energy of the strain energy storage module is W total for: IN total =In t +β1W e Among them, W e is the surplus electrical energy, and β1 is the energy loss rate when electrical energy is converted into strain energy.

9. The structural strain energy collection and storage device using temperature difference according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the temperature-sensitive base undergoes temperature-induced contraction, it drives the strain energy storage module to extend and release strain energy: Among them, R w is the strain energy release rate.

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