A balancing machine and balancing method for turbo-rotors

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of turbine rotor balancing debugging, in particular to a special balancing machine for turbine rotors and a balancing debugging method. The balancing machine comprises a vacuum chamber, a platform, a vacuum adjusting device, a motor, a drilling weight-removing device, a vibration detecting device and a clamp. The vacuum chamber forms a sealed space with the platform. The vacuum adjusting device is connected with a processing and control unit. The motor, the drilling weight-removing device, the vibration detecting device and the clamp are arranged in the vacuum chamber. The vacuum adjusting device comprises a sensor and a vacuum pump. The vacuum pump is communicated with the vacuum chamber through a pipeline. The sensor and the vacuum pump are connected with the processing and control unit respectively. The vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber can be adjusted through the vacuum pump and the sensor. The balancing debugging can be carried out under high rotation speed and high vacuum and low rotation speed and low vacuum. The balancing debugging under high rotation speed is not affected by air flow.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of turbine rotor balancing debugging, in particular to a special balancing machine for turbine rotor and a balancing debugging method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The working principle of the magnetic suspension molecular pump is to give momentum to gas molecules by high-speed rotating rotor blades, so that the gas molecules move in a specific direction, thereby realizing the pumping function. At such high speed, even a small amount of unbalance will generate a large centrifugal force, causing the pump body to vibrate intensively. Excessive vibration not only affects the performance and service life of the pump, but also may have adverse effects on the surrounding equipment and system. In recent years, machinery has been developing towards high speed, high precision and high reliability, and it is particularly important to solve the problem of unbalance of rotating machinery. High-precision balancing device and method can effectively improve the working performance and service life of rotating equipment.

[0003] The current horizontal balancing debugging of turbine rotor is operated at a low speed, but the centrifugal force and other forces are small at low speed, and some slight unbalance may not cause obvious vibration or performance change, and the influence of the unbalance may be hidden. If debugging is directly put into use after debugging at low speed, when the pump is running at high speed, unbalance problem may occur, which may need to be stopped for debugging again, which not only affects the production efficiency, but also may cause damage to the equipment, seriously affecting the debugging efficiency of the product. However, the airflow around the turbine rotor rotating at high speed in the atmosphere has a certain turbulence and instability, and the disturbance of the airflow may cause uneven aerodynamic force acting on the rotor. This will cause the rotor to be subjected to additional unbalance force, thereby affecting the accuracy of unbalance measurement. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a special balancing machine for turbine rotor and a balancing debugging method to solve the problem that the prior art cannot perform turbine rotor balancing debugging at high speed and high vacuum.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a special balancing machine for turbine rotor, comprising:

[0006] A platform, the upper surface of the platform is provided with a clamp, a turbine rotor is rotatably arranged on the clamp, the turbine rotor comprises a turbine and a main shaft located at the center of the turbine, and the turbine is fixedly arranged on the main shaft;

[0007] A motor is arranged on the upper surface of the platform, and the output shaft of the motor drives the main shaft to rotate on the clamp through a belt;

[0008] A drilling weight removal device is arranged on the circumferential surface of the turbine and is suitable for removing weight from the circumferential surface of the turbine;

[0009] vibration detection device adapted to detect the unbalance amount and the phase of the unbalance amount of the turbine;

[0010] a processing and control unit, the motor, the drilling unbalance removal device and the vibration detection device being connected with the processing and control unit respectively;

[0011] Further comprising:

[0012] a vacuum chamber forming a sealed space with the platform, an inside of the vacuum chamber being provided with a vacuum adjusting device connected with the processing and control unit, the motor, the drilling unbalance removal device, the vibration detection device and the clamp being arranged in the vacuum chamber;

[0013] the vacuum adjusting device comprising a sensor and a vacuum pump, the vacuum pump being communicated with the vacuum chamber through a pipeline;

[0014] the sensor and the vacuum pump being connected with the processing and control unit respectively.

[0015] The application can adjust the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber through the vacuum pump and the sensor, so that the balance adjustment can be performed under high rotation speed and high vacuum and low rotation speed and low vacuum, and the balance adjustment under high rotation speed is not affected by air flow.

[0016] In an alternative embodiment, further comprising:

[0017] a laser unbalance removal device arranged in the vacuum chamber and adapted to remove the unbalance of the circumferential surface of the turbine. The laser unbalance removal can avoid the stress caused by the contact type unbalance removal to the turbine, and can solve the problem of inaccurate unbalance amount adjustment caused by the weight increasing method, thereby improving the efficiency of the balance adjustment of the turbine rotor.

[0018] In an alternative embodiment, the clamp is two, arranged at two end positions of the main shaft, comprising:

[0019] a support plate, a bottom end of which is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the platform;

[0020] two turntables, central shafts of the two turntables being horizontally arranged and parallel to each other, the turntables being adapted to support the end portions of the main shaft, the central axis of the main shaft being parallel to the central axis of the turntable. The main shaft can be stably rotated while the end portions of the main shaft are supported.

[0021] In an alternative embodiment, the drilling unbalance removal device comprises a drilling mechanism and a positioning mechanism, the positioning mechanism being adapted to make the drilling mechanism approach or move away from the circumferential surface of the turbine, the drilling mechanism and the positioning mechanism being connected with the processing and control unit respectively. The positioning mechanism can facilitate the drilling mechanism to drill the circumferential surface of the turbine.

[0022] In a second aspect, the application further provides a turbine rotor balancing method, which is suitable for the turbine rotor balancing machine as described above, and comprises the following steps:

[0023] S1, measuring the initial unbalance of the turbine under low vacuum and low speed and the phase of the initial unbalance;

[0024] S2, aligning the phase of the initial unbalance measured in step S1 with the drilling weight removal device by driving the main shaft with the motor, and drilling the turbine with the drilling weight removal device;

[0025] S3, measuring the initial unbalance of the turbine under high vacuum and high speed and the phase of the initial unbalance;

[0026] S4, aligning the phase of the initial unbalance measured in step S3 with the laser weight removal device by driving the main shaft with the motor, and laser removing the weight of the turbine with the laser weight removal device.

[0027] The application drills the turbine preliminarily with the drilling weight removal device, and then removes the weight of the turbine accurately with the laser weight removal device, so that the result after weight removal meets the requirements of balancing.

[0028] In an alternative embodiment, before the step S1, the method further comprises:

[0029] Calibrating the relative positions of the drilling weight removal device and the laser weight removal device with the turbine. The motor can align the phase of the unbalance with the drilling weight removal device or the laser weight removal device when driving the turbine to rotate.

[0030] In an alternative embodiment, the step S1 comprises:

[0031] S11, controlling the motor and the vacuum pump to work by the processing and control unit, so that the vacuum chamber is in a low vacuum state and the main shaft is in a low speed state;

[0032] S12, detecting the turbine by the vibration detection device under the conditions of turbine idling and turbine with weight, and transmitting the detection data to the processing and control unit, so that the processing and control unit calculates and calibrates the initial unbalance of the turbine under low vacuum and low speed and the phase of the initial unbalance.

[0033] Through the data processing under the conditions of turbine idling and turbine with weight, the processing and control unit can obtain the initial unbalance of the turbine under low vacuum and low speed and the phase of the initial unbalance, and calibrate them.

[0034] In an alternative embodiment, the step S2 comprises:

[0035] S21, controlling the motor to rotate by the processing and control unit so that the phase where the initial unbalance amount measured in step S12 is located is aligned with the drilling unbalance removal device;

[0036] S22, controlling the alignment mechanism to move towards the turbine by the processing and control unit, and controlling the drilling mechanism to drill the circumferential surface of the turbine, the drilling amount being the initial unbalance amount measured in step S12;

[0037] S23, controlling the motor to operate by the processing and control unit so that the spindle is in a low speed state, and controlling the vibration detection device to detect the turbine, the detection data being transmitted to the processing and control unit, and the unbalance amount and the phase where the unbalance amount is located of the turbine after drilling being calculated by the processing and control unit;

[0038] S24, detecting whether the unbalance amount obtained in step S23 reaches a qualified range, and repeating steps S21 to S23 until the unbalance amount detected reaches the qualified range if the unbalance amount does not reach the qualified range.

[0039] In an alternative embodiment, the step S3 comprises:

[0040] S31, controlling the motor and the vacuum pump to operate by the processing and control unit so that the vacuum chamber is in a high vacuum state and the spindle is in a high speed state;

[0041] S32, controlling the vibration detection device to detect the turbine in the conditions of the turbine idling and the turbine with weights, respectively, the detection data being transmitted to the processing and control unit, and the initial unbalance amount and the phase where the initial unbalance amount is located of the turbine under high vacuum and high speed being calculated and calibrated by the processing and control unit.

[0042] In an alternative embodiment, the step S4 comprises:

[0043] S41, controlling the motor to rotate by the processing and control unit so that the phase where the initial unbalance amount measured in step S32 is located is aligned with the laser unbalance removal device;

[0044] S42, controlling the laser unbalance removal device to perform laser unbalance removal on the circumferential surface of the turbine by the processing and control unit, the laser unbalance removal amount being the initial unbalance amount measured in step S32;

[0045] S43, controlling the motor to operate by the processing and control unit so that the spindle is in a high speed state, and controlling the vibration detection device to detect the turbine, the detection data being transmitted to the processing and control unit, and the unbalance amount and the phase where the unbalance amount is located of the turbine after laser unbalance removal being calculated by the processing and control unit;

[0046] S44, detecting whether the unbalance amount obtained in step S43 reaches the qualified range, if not, repeating steps S41 to S43 until the detected unbalance amount reaches the qualified range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the specific embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0048] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0049] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of the embodiment 2 of the present application.

[0050] Figure 3 It is a flowchart of step S1 in the embodiment 2 of the present application.

[0051] Figure 4 It is a flowchart of step S2 in the embodiment 2 of the present application.

[0052] Figure 5 It is a flowchart of step S3 in the embodiment 2 of the present application.

[0053] Figure 6 It is a flowchart of step S4 in the embodiment 2 of the present application.

[0054] Explanation of reference signs:

[0055] 1, platform; 2, turbine; 3, main shaft; 4, motor; 5, drilling weight-removing device; 6, vibration detecting device; 7, processing and control unit; 8, laser weight-removing device; 9, support plate; 10, rotary table. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0057] The working principle of the magnetic suspension molecular pump is to give momentum to gas molecules by high-speed rotating rotor blades, so that the gas molecules move in a specific direction, thereby realizing the pumping function. At such a high speed, even a small amount of imbalance will generate a large centrifugal force, causing the pump body to vibrate intensively. Excessive vibration not only affects the performance and service life of the pump, but also may have adverse effects on the surrounding equipment and system. In recent years, machinery has been developing towards high speed, high precision and high reliability, and it is particularly important to solve the imbalance problem of rotating machinery. High-precision balancing device and method can effectively improve the working performance and service life of rotating equipment.

[0058] The current horizontal balancing of the turbine rotor is operated at a lower speed, but the centrifugal force and other forces are smaller at low speed, and some slight imbalance may not cause obvious vibration or performance change, and the influence of the imbalance may be hidden. If the pump is directly put into use after debugging at low speed, imbalance problems may occur when the pump is running at high speed, which may require shutdown for re-debugging, which not only affects production efficiency, but also may cause damage to the equipment, seriously affecting the debugging efficiency of the product. However, the airflow around the turbine rotor rotating at high speed in the atmosphere has a certain turbulence and instability, and the disturbance of the airflow may cause uneven aerodynamic force acting on the rotor. This will cause the rotor to be subjected to additional unbalance force, thereby affecting the accuracy of the unbalance measurement.

[0059] Embodiment 1

[0060] According to the embodiment of the present application, as Figure 1 shown, the present application provides a balancing machine special for turbine rotor, comprising:

[0061] A platform 1, the upper surface of the platform 1 is provided with a clamp, a turbine rotor is rotatably arranged on the clamp, the turbine rotor comprises a turbine 2 and a main shaft 3 located at the axial position of the turbine 2, the turbine 2 is fixedly arranged on the main shaft 3; the main shaft 3 can be the main shaft 3 of the turbine rotor itself, or can be a substitute for the main shaft 3 of the turbine rotor itself for balancing debugging, and is combined with the turbine 2 into a rotor by hot assembly or other assembly methods.

[0062] A motor 4 is arranged on the upper surface of the platform 1, and the output shaft of the motor 4 drives the main shaft 3 to rotate on the clamp through a belt; wherein the main shaft 3 and the output shaft of the motor 4 are provided with tension pulleys with a certain friction coefficient, and the belt is wound around the two tension pulleys.

[0063] Drilling weight-removing device 5 is arranged on the circumferential surface of the turbine 2 and is suitable for removing weight from the circumferential surface of the turbine 2; the drilling weight-removing device 5 can be connected to the platform 1 through the base. The drilling weight-removing device 5 can be arranged on one side of the weight-removing plane, wherein the weight-removing plane has been determined in the design stage of the turbine 2 and will not be described here.

[0064] Vibration detection device 6 is suitable for detecting the unbalance amount and the phase of the unbalance amount of the turbine 2; the vibration detection device 6 can be connected to the platform 1 through the base; wherein the weight-removing plane can be one or more, and the vibration detection device 6, the drilling weight-removing device 5 and the laser weight-removing device 8 correspond to the weight-removing plane one by one, for example, when the weight-removing plane is two, the vibration detection device 6, the drilling weight-removing device 5 and the laser weight-removing device 8 are also two, the vibration detection device 6 is used to detect the unbalance amount and the phase of the unbalance amount of the turbine 2 at the corresponding weight-removing plane, and the drilling weight-removing device 5 and the laser weight-removing device 8 remove weight at the corresponding weight-removing plane, the two vibration detection devices 6 are installed on the two sides of the rotor to collect data, and the unbalance amount of the rotor is obtained by analyzing the data by the computer system. The weight-removing plane is generally a cross section of the turbine 2 in the radial direction.

[0065] Processing and control unit 7, the motor 4, the drilling weight-removing device 5 and the vibration detection device 6 are connected to the processing and control unit 7; the processing and control unit 7 can be regarded as a computer system, which is used to process the received signal data of the drilling weight-removing device 5, the vibration detection device 6 and the laser weight-removing device 8, and is also used to control the motor 4, the drilling weight-removing device 5, the vibration detection device 6 and the laser weight-removing device 8.

[0066] Also includes:

[0067] Vacuum chamber, which can be regarded as a vacuum shell, forms a sealed space with the platform 1, and the vacuum chamber is internally provided with a vacuum adjusting device connected to the processing and control unit 7, and the motor 4, the drilling weight-removing device 5, the vibration detection device 6, the laser weight-removing device 8 and the clamp are arranged in the vacuum chamber; the vacuum chamber and the platform 1 can be connected by bolts, and the vacuum environment on the inside can be obtained by vacuum obtaining equipment such as vacuum pumps, and a rubber ring sealing measure can be used between the contact surface of the platform 1 and the vacuum chamber.

[0068] The vacuum adjusting device includes a sensor and a vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump is communicated with the vacuum chamber through a pipeline;

[0069] The sensor and the vacuum pump are connected to the processing and control unit 7 respectively.

[0070] The application can adjust the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber by setting a vacuum pump and a sensor, so that the balancing debugging can be carried out under high rotation speed and high vacuum and low rotation speed and low vacuum, and the balancing debugging under high rotation speed is not affected by air flow. The sensor can be arranged in the vacuum chamber. The sensor can be a vacuum sensor, which can detect the vacuum degree in the sealed space in real time. The processing and control unit 7 can adjust the power of the vacuum pump based on the vacuum degree detected by the vacuum sensor, so that the vacuum degree in the sealed space reaches the required value. The sensor can also be a vacuum pressure sensor, and the processing and control unit 7 can adjust the power of the vacuum pump based on the vacuum pressure detected by the vacuum pressure sensor, so that the vacuum degree in the sealed space reaches the required value.

[0071] It should be noted that the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber can be adjusted by the sensor and the vacuum pump. The vacuum adjusting device of the application can also be provided with an external pipeline in communication with the vacuum chamber, a flow meter and an electromagnetic valve are arranged on the pipeline, and the flow meter and the electromagnetic valve are connected with the processing and control unit 7 respectively. After the processing and control unit 7 controls the vacuum pump to a certain power (rotation speed), the electromagnetic valve can be opened to fill a certain amount of air in the vacuum chamber, and the filled air can be detected by the flow meter. When the processing and control unit 7 calculates that the flow of the filled air reaches a preset value, the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber meets the requirements, and the electromagnetic valve can be closed.

[0072] In an alternative embodiment, it further comprises:

[0073] A laser weight removing device 8 is arranged in the vacuum chamber and is suitable for removing the weight of the circumferential surface of the turbine 2. The laser weight removing method can avoid the stress caused by the contact type weight removing method to the turbine 2, and can also solve the problem of inaccurate unbalance amount debugging caused by the weight increasing method, thereby improving the efficiency of the turbine rotor balancing debugging. The laser weight removing device 8 can be arranged directly above the rotor, and the emitter head thereof is aligned with the weight removing plane of the rotor. When removing the weight, the computer system sends a signal to drive the motor 4 to rotate the rotor to the correct phase, and the laser weight removing device 8 removes the weight.

[0074] In an alternative embodiment, the clamps are two and are arranged at the two end positions of the main shaft 3, and comprise:

[0075] A support plate 9 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the platform 1 at the bottom end;

[0076] Two turntables 10 are horizontally arranged and parallel to each other at the center axes thereof. The turntables 10 are suitable for supporting the end portions of the main shaft 3, and the axis of the main shaft 3 is parallel to the axis of the turntable 10. The main shaft 3 can be stably rotated while the end portions thereof are supported. The turntables 10 are rotatably connected with the support plate 9 through rotating shafts.

[0077] Wherein, the position of the motor 4 can be lower than the position of the rotating disc 10, so that the output shaft of the motor 4 exerts a downward force on the end of the main shaft 3 through the belt, so that the end of the main shaft 3 is more stable on the rotating disc 10.

[0078] In an alternative embodiment, the drilling weight removal device 5 comprises a drilling mechanism and a positioning mechanism, the positioning mechanism is adapted to make the drilling mechanism approach or move away from the circumferential surface of the turbine 2, and the drilling mechanism and the positioning mechanism are connected with the processing and control unit 7 respectively. The positioning mechanism can facilitate the drilling mechanism to drill the circumferential surface of the turbine 2. The drilling mechanism can be a general drilling device with a drill bit. The positioning mechanism can comprise a base and a telescopic rod arranged on the base, the telescopic rod is connected with the processing and control unit 7, and the telescopic rod is connected with the drilling mechanism and is adapted to make the drilling mechanism approach or move away from the circumferential surface of the turbine 2.

[0079] Embodiment 2

[0080] According to the embodiment of the present application, Figures 2 to 6 As shown, the present application also provides a turbine rotor balancing debugging method, which is suitable for the turbine rotor special balancing machine as described above, and comprises the following steps:

[0081] S1, measuring the initial unbalance amount and the phase of the initial unbalance amount of the turbine 2 under low vacuum and low rotating speed;

[0082] S2, driving the main shaft 3 by the motor 4 to make the phase of the initial unbalance amount measured in step S1 align with the drilling weight removal device 5, and drilling the turbine 2 by the drilling weight removal device 5;

[0083] S3, measuring the initial unbalance amount and the phase of the initial unbalance amount of the turbine 2 under high vacuum and high rotating speed;

[0084] S4, driving the main shaft 3 by the motor 4 to make the phase of the initial unbalance amount measured in step S3 align with the laser weight removal device 8, and removing the weight of the turbine 2 by the laser weight removal device 8.

[0085] The present application drills the turbine 2 preliminarily by the drilling weight removal device 5, and then removes the weight of the turbine 2 accurately by the laser weight removal device 8, so that the result after weight removal meets the requirements of balancing debugging.

[0086] It should be noted that in the balancing debugging, a preparation stage is needed, which comprises the following steps:

[0087] 1. Confirm the model and technical parameters of the molecular pump, and prepare corresponding balancing equipment and tools, such as balancing machine, clamp, sensor, wrench, etc.

[0088] 2. Clean the working area to ensure a clean environment and avoid the influence of dust and other impurities on debugging;

[0089] 3. Visual inspection of the rotor to check for any obvious damage, deformation, etc.

[0090] In the process of installing the rotor on the balancing machine dedicated for turbine rotors as described above, the following steps are included:

[0091] 1. Select the appropriate fixture to ensure that the rotor can be stably rotated on the fixture without damaging the rotor.

[0092] 2. Install the rotor on the fixture of the balancing machine.

[0093] 3. Connect the sensors, such as the vibration detection device 6, to ensure that the sensors can accurately detect the vibration signals of the rotor.

[0094] It should be noted that the current method for correcting the imbalance of turbine rotors includes both weight addition and weight removal methods:

[0095] The weight addition method is to add or remove balance pins in the balance pin holes reserved in the turbine rotor. Since the balance pin holes are reserved in advance and have limited depth, weight adjustment can only be made at fixed positions, with low precision and the possibility of debugging failure;

[0096] The weight removal method is to remove weight on the weight removal surface by drilling, milling, or grinding. This method is a contact type weight removal method, and the tool used for weight removal may exert mechanical force on the rotor, which may cause deformation or damage. At the same time, it is difficult to calculate the weight removal of the rotor, and multiple repeated detection and weight removal are often required to reduce the residual imbalance of the rotor to the qualified range, increasing the auxiliary time and the working intensity of the operator, and the balancing efficiency is not high.

[0097] Both of the above methods require multiple repeated detection and weight adjustment steps to complete the balancing of the turbine rotor.

[0098] The current balancing of turbine rotors is carried out at a low speed, but the centrifugal force and other forces are small at low speed, and some slight imbalance may not cause obvious vibration or performance changes, and the influence of the imbalance may be masked. If the adjustment is carried out at low speed and then directly put into use, when the pump is running at high speed, the imbalance problem may need to be adjusted again, which not only affects the production efficiency, but also may cause damage to the equipment, seriously affecting the debugging efficiency of the product. Moreover, the airflow around the high-speed rotating turbine rotor in the atmospheric state has a certain turbulence and instability, and the disturbance of the airflow may cause uneven aerodynamic force acting on the rotor. This will cause the rotor to be subjected to additional unbalanced force, thereby affecting the accuracy of the imbalance measurement.

[0099] In an alternative embodiment, before the step S1, further comprising:

[0100] The relative positions of the drilling unbalance removal device 5 and the laser unbalance removal device 8 to the turbine 2 are calibrated. The motor 4 can be controlled to align the phase of the unbalance to the drilling unbalance removal device 5 or the laser unbalance removal device 8 when the motor 4 is driving the turbine 2. Specifically, the coordinates of the positions of the drilling unbalance removal device 5, the laser unbalance removal device 8 and the turbine 2 are input to the processing and control unit 7.

[0101] In an alternative embodiment, the step S1 comprises:

[0102] S11, the processing and control unit 7 controls the motor 4 and the vacuum pump to work, so that the vacuum chamber is in a low vacuum state and the spindle 3 is in a low speed state;

[0103] S12, the vibration detection device 6 detects the turbine 2 in the conditions of the turbine 2 idling and the turbine 2 with weights, and the detection data are transmitted to the processing and control unit 7, which calculates and calibrates the initial unbalance of the turbine 2 and the phase of the initial unbalance under the conditions of low vacuum and low speed. The turbine 2 with weights includes two cases: 1, adding balance pins in the balance pin holes reserved in the turbine rotor; 2, changing the positions and adding amounts of the balance pins compared with the first case. The processing and control unit 7 obtains three groups of phase data of the unbalance and the unbalance under the conditions of the turbine 2 idling and the turbine 2 with weights, and calculates the initial unbalance and the phase of the initial unbalance.

[0104] Through the data processing under the conditions of the turbine 2 idling and the turbine 2 with weights, the processing and control unit 7 can obtain the initial unbalance of the turbine 2 and the phase of the initial unbalance under the conditions of low vacuum and low speed, and calibrate them, which are calibrated in the processing and control unit 7.

[0105] In an alternative embodiment, the step S2 comprises:

[0106] S21, the processing and control unit 7 controls the motor 4 to rotate, so that the phase of the initial unbalance measured in the step S12 is aligned to the drilling unbalance removal device 5;

[0107] It should be noted that the unbalance or the phase of the initial unbalance can be understood as a function of time t, and the speed of the motor 4 and the size of the tensioning wheel can be determined, so the rotation of the spindle 3 can be represented by the rotation of the motor 4, that is, the phase in the process of the rotation of the motor 4 and the phase in the process of the rotation of the spindle 3 have a clear functional relationship, and in the case of knowing the relative positions of the drilling unbalance removal device 5 and the turbine 2, the phase of the unbalance can be aligned to the drilling unbalance removal device 5 by controlling the rotation of the motor 4.

[0108] A pressure sensor can be installed at the drill bit of the drilling unbalance removing device 5, which is connected with the processing and control unit 7. When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure becomes large, it means that the drill bit of the drilling unbalance removing device 5 contacts with the circumferential surface of the turbine 2, and the obtained unbalance amount or initial unbalance amount is the mass that needs to be drilled away. The penetration amount of the drill bit can be determined according to the diameter of the drill bit and the density of the turbine 2, which can be calculated by the processing and control unit 7.

[0109] S22, the processing and control unit 7 controls the alignment mechanism to move towards the turbine 2, and controls the drilling mechanism to drill the circumferential surface of the turbine 2, and the drilling amount is the initial unbalance amount measured in step S12;

[0110] S23, the processing and control unit 7 controls the motor 4 to work so that the main shaft 3 is in a low speed state, and the vibration detection device 6 detects the turbine 2, wherein the vibration detection device 6 detects the turbine 2 in the conditions of idling and adding weight to the turbine 2 respectively, and the detection data is transmitted to the processing and control unit 7, and the processing and control unit 7 calculates the unbalance amount and the phase of the unbalance amount of the turbine 2 after drilling.

[0111] S24, whether the unbalance amount obtained in step S23 reaches the qualified range, if not, repeat steps S21 to S23 until the detected unbalance amount reaches the qualified range.

[0112] In an alternative embodiment, the step S3 comprises:

[0113] S31, the processing and control unit 7 controls the motor 4 and the vacuum pump to work so that the vacuum chamber is in a high vacuum state and the main shaft 3 is in a high speed state;

[0114] S32, the vibration detection device 6 detects the turbine 2 in the conditions of idling and adding weight to the turbine 2 respectively, and the detection data is transmitted to the processing and control unit 7, and the processing and control unit 7 calculates and calibrates the initial unbalance amount and the phase of the initial unbalance amount of the turbine 2 under high vacuum and high speed.

[0115] In an alternative embodiment, the step S4 comprises:

[0116] S41, the processing and control unit 7 controls the motor 4 to rotate so that the phase of the initial unbalance amount measured in step S32 is aligned with the laser unbalance removing device 8;

[0117] S42, control the laser unbalance device 8 to perform laser unbalance on the circumferential surface of the turbine 2 by the processing and control unit 7, and the laser unbalance amount is the initial unbalance amount measured in step S32; the laser unbalance device 8 can be considered as a laser, and the turbine 2 is vaporized by using ultrafast laser energy irradiation. Wherein, the working time of the laser unbalance device 8 can be determined by the material of the turbine 2, the laser unbalance device 8 and the initial unbalance amount.

[0118] S43, control the motor 4 to work by the processing and control unit 7, so that the main shaft 3 is in a high speed state, and the vibration detection device 6 detects the turbine 2, wherein the vibration detection device 6 detects the turbine 2 in the conditions of turbine 2 idling and turbine 2 adding weight respectively, and the detection data is transmitted to the processing and control unit 7, and the unbalance amount and the phase of the unbalance amount of the turbine 2 after laser unbalance are obtained by the processing and control unit 7;

[0119] S44, whether the unbalance amount obtained in step S43 reaches the qualified range, if not, repeat steps S41 to S43 until the unbalance amount detected reaches the qualified range.

[0120] In the balance adjustment of the turbine 2, the process and results of the balance adjustment need to be recorded, including the initial value of the unbalance amount, the adjustment method, the final balance amount and other information. After the balance adjustment of the turbine 2 is completed, the adjusted rotor needs to be properly packaged.

[0121] In this application, with the increasingly wide application of laser rapid removal technology, laser working is a non-contact processing method, which can remove materials without mechanical force and has high removal precision. In the process of balancing, it needs to remove a large amount of weight with ultra-high precision, and laser unbalance shows great advantages. Therefore, it is necessary to add a laser unbalance device 8 and its supporting devices to the original balancing machine.

[0122] In a vacuum state, the disturbance of air flow to the balance of the turbine rotor can be greatly reduced. First, as the vacuum degree increases, the number of gas molecules decreases, and the density of the gas decreases. This makes the turbulence of the air flow weaken, and the air flow more stable, thereby reducing the aerodynamic disturbance to the rotor. In a low vacuum environment, the speed and pressure fluctuation of the air flow is relatively small, which can reduce the change amplitude of the unbalance force. Second, the low vacuum environment can reduce the influence of the external atmosphere on the system. In the atmospheric state, the change of the external air flow may penetrate into the balancing system and cause air flow disturbance. In a low vacuum system, the influence of the external atmosphere is relatively small, which can provide a relatively stable balancing environment and improve the balancing accuracy of the turbine rotor. Therefore, a vacuum system device is added.

[0123] The laser weight-removing device 8 can accurately balance the measured turbine rotor, can avoid the stress influence of the contact type weight-removing method on the component, and can solve the inaccurate balance amount adjusting problem caused by the weight-increasing method. The efficiency of the turbine rotor balance adjusting is improved.

[0124] In view of the large balance error defect at high rotating speed, the application provides a higher vacuum degree during the turbine rotor balance adjusting, so that the air disturbance greatly reduces the influence of the unbalance amount of the high rotating speed turbine rotor, so that the turbine rotor is closer to the real working condition during the adjusting, and the balance efficiency of the whole machine is improved.

[0125] Although the embodiments of the present application are described in conjunction with the drawings, various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and such modifications and changes fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for balancing and adjusting a turbine rotor, applicable to a dedicated turbine rotor balancing machine, characterized in that, The turbine rotor balancing machine includes: Platform (1), the upper surface of the platform (1) is provided with a clamp, the turbine rotor is rotatably mounted on the clamp, the turbine rotor includes a turbine (2) and a main shaft (3) located at the axis of the turbine (2), the turbine (2) is fixedly mounted on the main shaft (3); A motor (4) is installed on the upper surface of the platform (1), and the output shaft of the motor (4) drives the main shaft (3) to rotate on the fixture via a belt; A drilling and weight-removing device (5) is provided on the circumferential surface of the turbine (2) and is suitable for removing weight from the circumferential surface of the turbine (2); Vibration detection device (6) is adapted to detect the unbalance and phase of the turbine (2); The processing and control unit (7) is connected to the motor (4), the drilling weight removal device (5) and the vibration detection device (6), respectively. Also includes: A vacuum chamber forms a sealed space with the platform (1). A vacuum regulating device connected to the processing and control unit (7) is installed inside the vacuum chamber. The motor (4), the drilling and weight removal device (5), the vibration detection device (6), and the fixture are all located inside the vacuum chamber. A pressure sensor is installed at the drill bit of the drilling and weight removal device (5). The vacuum regulating device includes a vacuum sensor and a vacuum pump, the vacuum pump being connected to the vacuum chamber via a pipe; The vacuum sensor and vacuum pump are respectively connected to the processing and control unit (7); A laser deweight removal device (8) is installed in the vacuum chamber and is suitable for removing weight from the circumferential surface of the turbine (2); The debugging method includes the following steps: S1, measure the initial imbalance of the turbine (2) and the phase of the initial imbalance under low vacuum and low speed; S2, drive the spindle (3) through the motor (4) so ​​that the phase of the initial imbalance measured in step S1 is aligned with the drilling and weight removal device (5), and drill the turbine (2) through the drilling and weight removal device (5); S3, measure the initial imbalance of the turbine (2) and the phase of the initial imbalance under high vacuum and high speed; S4, drive the main shaft (3) through the motor (4) so ​​that the phase of the initial imbalance measured in step S3 is aligned with the laser weight removal device (8), and perform laser weight removal on the turbine (2) through the laser weight removal device (8); Step S1 includes: S11, the motor (4) and vacuum pump are controlled by the processing and control unit (7) to make the vacuum chamber in a low vacuum state, so that the spindle (3) is in a low speed state; S12, the vibration detection device (6) detects the turbine (2) under the conditions of turbine (2) idling and turbine (2) being loaded, respectively. The detection data is transmitted to the processing and control unit (7), which calculates and calibrates the initial imbalance of the turbine (2) and the phase of the initial imbalance under low vacuum and low speed.

2. The turbine rotor-specific balancing and debugging method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamps are two in number, respectively located at both ends of the main shaft (3). The turbine rotor balancing machine also includes: The bottom end of the support plate (9) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the platform (1); There are two turntables (10), and the central axes of the two turntables (10) are set horizontally and parallel to each other. The turntables (10) are adapted to support the end of the main shaft (3). The axis of the main shaft (3) is parallel to the axis of the turntables (10).

3. The turbine rotor-specific balancing and debugging method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drilling and weight removal device (5) includes a drilling mechanism and an alignment mechanism, the alignment mechanism being adapted to bring the drilling mechanism closer to or further away from the circumferential surface of the turbine (2), the drilling mechanism and the alignment mechanism being connected to the processing and control unit (7) respectively.

4. The turbine rotor-specific balancing and debugging method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before step S1, the procedure also includes: The relative positions of the drilling weight removal device (5) and the laser weight removal device (8) with the turbine (2) are calibrated.

5. The turbine rotor-specific balancing and debugging method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: S21, the motor (4) is controlled to rotate by the processing and control unit (7) so that the phase of the initial imbalance measured in step S12 is aligned with the drilling weight removal device (5); S22, the alignment mechanism is controlled to move toward the turbine (2) by the processing and control unit (7), and the drilling mechanism is controlled to drill the circumferential surface of the turbine (2), and the drilling amount is the initial imbalance amount measured in step S12. S23, the motor (4) is controlled by the processing and control unit (7) to make the spindle (3) operate at a low speed. The vibration detection device (6) detects the turbine (2) and transmits the detection data to the processing and control unit (7). The processing and control unit (7) calculates the unbalance of the turbine (2) after drilling and the phase of the unbalance. S24. Check whether the imbalance obtained in step S23 is within the acceptable range. If it is not acceptable, repeat steps S21 to S23 until the detected imbalance reaches the acceptable range.

6. The turbine rotor-specific balancing and debugging method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 includes: S31, the motor (4) and vacuum pump are controlled by the processing and control unit (7) to make the vacuum chamber a high vacuum state, so that the spindle (3) is in a high speed state; S32, the vibration detection device (6) detects the turbine (2) under the conditions of turbine (2) idling and turbine (2) being loaded, respectively. The detection data is transmitted to the processing and control unit (7), which calculates and calibrates the initial imbalance of the turbine (2) and the phase of the initial imbalance under high vacuum and high speed.

7. The turbine rotor-specific balancing and debugging method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step S4 includes: S41, the motor (4) is controlled to rotate by the processing and control unit (7) so that the phase of the initial imbalance measured in step S32 is aligned with the laser de-weighting device (8); S42, the laser weight removal device (8) is controlled by the processing and control unit (7) to perform laser weight removal on the circumferential surface of the turbine (2), and the laser weight removal amount is the initial imbalance amount measured in step S32; S43, the motor (4) is controlled by the processing and control unit (7) to make the main shaft (3) run at high speed. The vibration detection device (6) detects the turbine (2) and transmits the detection data to the processing and control unit (7). The processing and control unit (7) calculates the unbalance of the turbine (2) after laser weight removal and the phase of the unbalance. S44. Check whether the imbalance obtained in step S43 is within the acceptable range. If it is not acceptable, repeat steps S41 to S43 until the detected imbalance reaches the acceptable range.

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