A tensile testing device for mechanical parts

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of tensile strength testing equipment, specifically a tensile testing device for mechanical parts. The insertion mechanism includes a support, a support sleeve, and a control component. There are two supports, and the two supports are arranged on the first fixture at intervals along the second axis, and the second axis is perpendicular to the second axis. In the present invention, a support, a support sleeve, and a control component are provided. When fixing the hole of the workpiece, the control component drives the two groups of support sleeves to approach each other, so that the support sleeve with a diameter less than or equal to the hole diameter of the workpiece extends into the hole of the workpiece. Regardless of the hole diameter of the ear part of the workpiece, there will always be a support sleeve adapted to its diameter extending into its hole to form a "shaft" adapted to the hole diameter of the workpiece. Therefore, when replacing and testing workpieces of different specifications, the staff does not need to disassemble and assemble the support sleeve and the first fixture, which is more convenient to use and can effectively reduce the labor intensity of the staff.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tensile strength testing equipment, and particularly to a tensile testing device for mechanical components. Background Art

[0002] The connecting rod joint is a mechanical standard part, and its common shape is Y-shaped. The connecting rod joint is specifically composed of a rod structure and an ear structure connected. A connecting hole is provided on the side of the ear structure. The connecting rod joint is subjected to a tensile load during the working state. To ensure product quality, it is necessary to perform a tensile strength test on the connecting rod joint to ensure that the connecting rod joint will not be fatigued and damaged due to insufficient tensile strength during its service life.

[0003] When performing a tensile strength test on the connecting rod joint, the prior art usually inserts a shaft into the hole of the connecting rod joint, then clamps the shaft on the first fixture, and then clamps the rod of the connecting rod joint on the second fixture. Finally, the second fixture drives the rod of the connecting rod joint with a preset tensile stress and moves away from the first fixture along the axis of the rod of the connecting rod joint to detect the tensile performance of the connecting rod joint under the action of the preset tensile stress. Since there are various specifications of connecting rod joints and the diameters of the holes of each specification are different, when detecting connecting rod joints of different specifications, it is necessary to replace the shaft inserted into the hole of the connecting rod joint and make the shaft be clamped on the first fixture again. In this way, it is necessary for the staff to disassemble and assemble the first fixture and the shaft multiple times, which is inconvenient to use. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, in view of the problems existing in the current tensile testing device for mechanical components, it is necessary to provide a tensile testing device for mechanical components to solve the problem that when detecting connecting rod joints of different specifications, it is necessary for the staff to disassemble and assemble the first fixture and the shaft multiple times, which is inconvenient to use.

[0005] The above object is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A tensile testing device for mechanical components includes:

[0007] A frame;

[0008] A first fixture, which is arranged at the lower part of the frame;

[0009] A second fixture, which is arranged at the upper part of the frame and above the first fixture, and the second fixture can approach or move away from the first fixture along the first axis;

[0010] The intercalating mechanism includes a support, a support sleeve, and a control component. There are two supports, which are arranged on the first fixture at intervals along the second axis. The second axis is perpendicular to the first axis. The axis of the support sleeve coincides with the second axis. There are two groups of support sleeves, and each group has multiple support sleeves with different diameters. The multiple support sleeves with different diameters in each group are coaxially sleeved and elastically connected to the corresponding support in sequence;

[0011] There are two control components, which are arranged in the corresponding supports and connected to the corresponding group of support sleeves. The control component is used to drive the corresponding group of support sleeves to move along the second axis so that the two groups of support sleeves can approach or move away from each other along the second axis.

[0012] Further, the control component includes a screw, a first stop ring, a second stop ring, a center ring, and a nut. The nut is arranged outside the support. The screw is threadedly connected to the nut and the screw penetrates into the interior of the support. The first stop ring is arranged at the end of the screw away from the nut. The second stop ring is coaxial with the first stop ring and is arranged on the screw at an interval. The center ring is sleeved outside the screw, and both ends of the center ring are respectively abutted against the first stop ring and the second stop ring;

[0013] A stop convex ring is provided at the end of the support sleeve away from the first stop ring;

[0014] When the two groups of support sleeves move away from each other along the second axis, the corresponding stop convex rings of two adjacent support sleeves can abut against each other.

[0015] Further, on two end faces facing each other of two support sleeves with the same diameter in the two groups of support sleeves, a circular concave groove is provided on one of the end faces, and a circular convex platform is provided on the other end face. The circular concave groove is adapted to the circular convex platform.

[0016] Further, an installation hole is provided in the circumferential direction of the support sleeve. The installation hole extends along the radial direction of the support sleeve. A damping column is slidably connected in the installation hole, and the damping column can move along the axis of the installation hole.

[0017] Further, an installation groove is provided on the end face of the support sleeve close to the first stop ring. The installation groove extends along the axis of the support sleeve and is communicated with the installation hole. A sliding column is elastically connected in the installation groove. A first inclined surface is provided on the side of the sliding column facing the installation hole. The damping column is in sliding fit with the first inclined surface;

[0018] The first inclined surface is configured such that when one end of the sliding column extends out of the installation groove by a preset length, the first inclined surface slidably abuts against the damping column so that the damping column is located in the installation hole;

[0019] The first inclined surface is also configured such that when the sliding column is completely moved into the installation groove, the first inclined surface slides and abuts against the damping column so that one end of the damping column extends out of the installation hole.

[0020] Furthermore, a centering component is also provided in the first fixture, and the centering component is connected to the support, and the centering component is used to drive the two supports to move closer to each other or away from each other.

[0021] Further, the centering assembly includes a center rod, a linear drive unit, a push plate and a damping frame, the center rod is slidably arranged in the first fixture, the axis of the center rod coincides with the first axis, the linear drive unit is arranged in the first fixture, the linear drive unit is connected to the lower end of the center rod, and is used to drive the center rod to move along the first axis, the push plate is arranged at the upper end of the center rod, the upper part of the push plate is symmetrically provided with a second inclined surface with the first axis as the symmetry axis, there are two damping frames, the two damping frames are slidably arranged in the first fixture along the second axis, the damping frame and the support are in frictional contact along the second axis, the lower part of the damping frame is provided with a third inclined surface, and the second inclined surface is in sliding contact with the third inclined surface;

[0022] The second inclined surface and the third inclined surface are configured so that when the central rod moves downward, the second inclined surface and the third inclined surface slide and stagger, so that the two damping frames move away from each other synchronously;

[0023] The second inclined surface and the third inclined surface are also configured so that when the central rod moves upward, the second inclined surface and the third inclined surface slide and overlap, so that the two damping frames are synchronously close to each other.

[0024] Furthermore, the linear drive unit is any one of a linear feed mechanism, a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder.

[0025] Furthermore, a hydraulic drive component is provided on the upper portion of the frame, and a power end of the hydraulic drive component is connected to the second clamp so that the second clamp can approach or move away from the first clamp along the first axis.

[0026] Furthermore, a stress sensor is provided at the connection position between the second clamp and the hydraulic drive member, and the stress sensor is used to detect the tensile stress value applied by the hydraulic drive member;

[0027] An alarm is arranged on the frame, and the alarm is electrically connected to the stress sensor. When the tensile stress value detected by the stress sensor is greater than a first preset value, the alarm sounds an alarm.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] The present invention is provided with a support, a support sleeve and a control component. When fixing the hole of a workpiece, the control component drives two groups of support sleeves to approach each other, so that the support sleeve with a diameter less than or equal to the hole diameter of the workpiece extends into the hole of the workpiece. No matter what the hole diameter of the ear part of the workpiece is, there will always be a support sleeve adapted to its diameter extending into its hole to form a "shaft" adapted to the hole diameter of the workpiece. Therefore, when replacing and detecting workpieces of different specifications, the staff does not need to disassemble and assemble the support sleeve and the first fixture, which is more convenient to use and can effectively reduce the labor intensity of the staff. The support sleeve with a diameter greater than the hole diameter of the workpiece elastically abuts against the side surface of the ear part of the workpiece. Therefore, the ear part of the workpiece is in an inverted V shape under the elastic force, so as to adapt to the deformation degree of the support sleeve extending into its hole, so that the support sleeve extending into the hole of the workpiece fits as closely as possible with the hole wall, thereby improving the uniform stress degree of the hole wall of the workpiece and improving the accuracy of the detection result. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is the overall schematic diagram of a tensile testing device for mechanical parts of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is the exploded view of a tensile testing device for mechanical parts of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 is the side view of a tensile testing device for mechanical parts of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the sectional view taken along line A-A in

[0034] Figure 5 is Figure 4 the enlarged schematic view of the structure at a in

[0035] Figure 6 is Figure 5 the enlarged schematic view of the structure at b in

[0036] Figure 7 is Figure 5 the enlarged schematic view of the structure at c in

[0037] Figure 8 is the internal structure schematic diagram of the first fixture in a tensile testing device for mechanical parts of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 is Figure 8 the enlarged schematic view of the structure at d in

[0039] Figure 10 is the half-sectional axonometric view of the support sleeve (left) in a tensile testing device for mechanical parts of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 11 This is a schematic structural diagram of the support sleeve (right) in a tensile testing device for mechanical parts of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 12 This is a schematic structural diagram of the workpiece in a tensile testing device for mechanical parts of the present invention.

[0042] Among them:

[0043] 100, frame;

[0044] 200, first fixture;

[0045] 300, second fixture;

[0046] 400, insertion mechanism; 410, support; 420, support sleeve; 421, annular concave; 422, annular convex; 423, mounting hole; 424, mounting groove; 425, damping column; 426, sliding column; 4261, first inclined surface; 427, first elastic member; 428, second elastic member;

[0047] 430, control component; 431, screw; 432, first stop ring; 433, second stop ring; 434, center ring; 435, nut; 436, stop convex ring;

[0048] 500, centering component; 510, center rod; 520, linear drive unit; 530, push plate; 531, second inclined surface; 540, damping bracket; 541, third inclined surface;

[0049] 600, hydraulic drive;

[0050] 700, workpiece. Specific embodiments

[0051] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following further details the present invention through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0052] The serial numbers assigned to components in this text itself, such as "first", "second", etc., are only used to distinguish the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "coupling" as used in this application, unless otherwise specifically stated, both include direct and indirect connection (coupling). In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the present invention.

[0053] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0054] As Figures 1-12 shown, a tensile testing device for mechanical parts is used for such as Figure 12The tensile strength of the workpiece 700 shown is detected. The tensile testing device for mechanical components includes a frame 100, a first fixture 200, a second fixture 300, and an insertion mechanism 400. The first fixture 200 is provided at the lower part of the frame 100, and the second fixture 300 is provided at the upper part of the frame 100 and above the first fixture 200. The second fixture 300 can approach or move away from the first fixture 200 along the first axis. The insertion mechanism 400 includes a support 410, a support sleeve 420, and a control component 430. There are two supports 410, and the two supports 410 are spaced along the second axis on the first fixture 200. The second axis is perpendicular to the first axis. The axis of the support sleeve 420 coincides with the second axis. There are two groups of support sleeves 420, and each group has a plurality of support sleeves 420 with different diameters. The plurality of support sleeves 420 with different diameters in each group are coaxially sleeved in sequence and elastically connected to the corresponding support 410. Specifically, the plurality of support sleeves 420 with different diameters correspond to the diameters of the holes in the ear parts of various specifications of the workpiece 700. There are two control components 430, which are provided in the corresponding supports 410 and connected to the corresponding group of support sleeves 420. The control component 430 is used to drive the corresponding group of support sleeves 420 to move along the second axis so that the two groups of support sleeves 420 can approach or move away from each other along the second axis.

[0055] It should also be added that specifically, the plurality of support sleeves 420 with different diameters in each group are coaxially sleeved in sequence, and each support sleeve 420 in each group is connected to the corresponding support 410 through a second elastic member 428. In the initial state, the second elastic member 428 is in the maximum compressed state.

[0056] During use, the staff first takes out a workpiece 700 from the same batch of workpieces 700 with the same specifications for sampling inspection, aligning the hole in the ear part of the workpiece 700 with the second axis and aligning the rod of the workpiece 700 with the first axis. Next, the second fixture 300 is first moved along the first axis towards the first fixture 200, and the rod of the workpiece 700 is clamped by the second fixture 300. After the second fixture 300 clamps and fixes the workpiece 700, two control components 430 are activated, and a corresponding set of support sleeves 420 is driven by the two control components 430 to move along the second axis, causing the two sets of support sleeves 420 to approach each other along the second axis. As a result, the support sleeve 420 with a diameter larger than the aperture of the ear part of the workpiece 700 elastically abuts against the side surface of the ear part of the workpiece 700, and the support sleeve 420 with a diameter less than or equal to the aperture of the workpiece 700 continues to extend into the hole of the workpiece 700. Finally, after the two sets of support sleeves 420 with a diameter less than or equal to the aperture of the workpiece 700 abut against each other, the control components 430 stop driving the two sets of support sleeves 420 to approach each other along the second axis. At this time, after the support sleeves 420 extending into the hole of the workpiece 700 abut against each other, they are equivalent to forming a "shaft" inserted into the hole of the workpiece 700, and the diameter of this "shaft" is adapted to the aperture of the workpiece 700. Next, the staff moves the second fixture 300 along the first axis in a direction away from the first fixture 200 with a preset tensile stress. At this time, the workpiece 700 is subjected to a preset tensile stress. After the preset tensile stress acts for a certain period of time, the staff removes the current workpiece 700 for inspection.

[0057] When inspecting the next workpiece 700, similarly, the support sleeve 420 with a diameter less than or equal to the aperture of the current workpiece 700 extends into the hole of the workpiece 700, while the support sleeve 420 with a diameter larger than the aperture of the current workpiece 700 elastically abuts against the side surface of the ear part of the workpiece 700. Therefore, regardless of the size of the aperture of the ear part of the workpiece 700 being inspected, there will always be a support sleeve 420 with a diameter adapted to it extending into its hole to form a "shaft" adapted to the aperture of the workpiece 700. Therefore, when replacing the workpiece 700 of different specifications for inspection, the staff does not need to disassemble and assemble the support sleeve 420 and the first fixture 200, which is more convenient to use and can effectively reduce the labor intensity of the staff.

[0058] It can be understood that when the aperture of the workpiece 700 is relatively small, the diameter of the "shaft" formed by the "support sleeve 420" extending into the hole is relatively small. Inevitably, when the workpiece 700 is subjected to the tensile stress from the second fixture 300, the "shaft" will be deformed into a V shape with an included angle slightly less than 180 degrees under the force. In this way, the "shaft" will no longer fit perfectly with the aperture of the workpiece 700. At this time, the forces on the hole walls of the workpiece 700 are no longer uniform, resulting in inaccurate detection results. To solve this problem, in the present invention, since the support sleeve 420 with a diameter larger than the aperture of the workpiece 700 elastically abuts against the side surface of the ear portion of the workpiece 700, the ear portion of the workpiece 700 is in an inverted V shape under the elastic force. In this way, the deformation degree of the support sleeve 420 extending into its hole can be adapted, so that the support sleeve 420 extending into the hole of the workpiece 700 fits as closely as possible with the hole wall, thereby improving the uniform stress on the hole wall of the workpiece 700 and improving the accuracy of the detection result. Moreover, the smaller the aperture of the workpiece 700, the more the number of support sleeves 420 abutting against the side surface of the ear portion of the workpiece 700, and the greater the sum of the elastic forces provided, resulting in a greater deformation of the ear of the workpiece 700, so as to be able to adapt to the deformation degree of the support sleeve 420 extending into the hole of the workpiece 700 and keep the hole wall of the workpiece 700 in contact with the "shaft".

[0059] In a further embodiment, as Figures 4-7 shown, the control assembly 430 includes a screw 431, a first stop ring 432, a second stop ring 433, a center ring 434, and a nut 435. The nut 435 is arranged outside the support 410. The screw 431 is threadedly connected to the nut 435 and the screw 431 penetrates into the interior of the support 410. The first stop ring 432 is arranged at the end of the screw 431 away from the nut 435. The second stop ring 433 is coaxial with the first stop ring 432 and is spaced apart from the screw 431. The center ring 434 is sleeved outside the screw 431, and both ends of the center ring 434 abut against the first stop ring 432 and the second stop ring 433 respectively. A stop convex ring 436 is provided at the end of the support sleeve 420 away from the first stop ring 432. When the two support sleeves 420 move away from each other along the second axis, the corresponding stop convex rings 436 of two adjacent support sleeves 420 can abut against each other.

[0060] In the initial state, the two sets of support sleeves 420 are at the farthest distance from each other. When the two sets of support sleeves 420 need to be brought closer, the staff rotates the two screws 431. Driven by the corresponding nuts 435, the screws 431 approach each other along the second axis. The central ring 434 moves synchronously under the driving action of the second stop ring 433. Thus, the elastic force of the second elastic member 428 corresponding to the support sleeve 420 adjacent to the central ring 434 is gradually released, and this support sleeve 420 approaches the other set of support sleeves 420 along the second axis. After this support sleeve 420 moves along the second axis, the elastic force of the second elastic member 428 corresponding to the support sleeve 420 adjacent to this support sleeve 420 and having a diameter larger than its diameter is gradually released, and this support sleeve 420 also approaches the other set of support sleeves 420. Similarly, the remaining support sleeves 420 move successively in the direction of approaching the other set of support sleeves 420 according to their diameters. Finally, the two sets of support sleeves 420 with diameters less than or equal to the aperture diameter of the workpiece 700 extend into the hole and abut against each other, and at the same time, the support sleeves 420 with diameters larger than the aperture diameter of the workpiece 700 elastically abut against the side surface of the ear portion of the workpiece 700.

[0061] After the current workpiece 700 is detected, the workpiece 700 needs to be unloaded. At this time, the staff rotates the two screws 431 in the reverse direction. Driven by the corresponding nuts 435, the screws 431 move away from each other along the second axis. The central ring 434 moves synchronously under the driving action of the first stop ring 432. Thus, one end of the central ring 434 close to the stop boss ring 436 gradually abuts against the stop boss ring 436 corresponding to the adjacent support sleeve 420, and pushes the corresponding support sleeve 420 to move away from the other set of support sleeves 420 along the second axis. After the current support sleeve 420 moves away from the other set of support sleeves 420 along the second axis, this support sleeve 420 abuts against the stop boss ring 436 corresponding to the support sleeve 420 adjacent to it and having a diameter larger than its diameter, and pushes this support sleeve 420 to move away from the other set of support sleeves 420 along the second axis. Finally, the two sets of support sleeves 420 move in the reverse direction to the initial position.

[0062] In a further embodiment, as Figure 10 and Figure 11 shown, among the two end faces facing each other of the two support sleeves 420 with the same diameter in the two sets of support sleeves 420, a circular concave platform 421 is provided on one end face, and a circular convex platform 422 is provided on the other end face. The circular concave platform 421 is adapted to the circular convex platform 422.

[0063] This setting is to enable the support sleeves 420 extending into the holes of the workpiece 700 in the two groups of support sleeves 420 to form a stable "axis" structure through the mutual plug-in fit of the annular concave platform 421 and the annular convex platform 422, so as to avoid the misalignment of the axes of the two groups of support sleeves 420 when the workpiece 700 is subjected to the tensile stress from the second fixture 300, resulting in uneven stress on the hole wall of the workpiece 700.

[0064] In a further embodiment, as Figures 9-11 shown, mounting holes 423 are formed in the circumferential direction of the support sleeve 420. The mounting holes 423 extend along the radial direction of the support sleeve 420. A damping column 425 is slidably connected in the mounting holes 423, and the damping column 425 can move along the axis of the mounting holes 423.

[0065] When the two groups of support sleeves 420 with diameters less than or equal to the hole diameter of the workpiece 700 are in contact with each other, at this time, the damping column 425 moves outward along the axis of the mounting hole 423. At this time, the normal pressure between the damping column 425 and the hole wall of the workpiece 700 increases, and thus the frictional force increases, so as to prevent the relative sliding between the support sleeve 420 and the workpiece 700 along the second axis, and further prevent inaccurate detection results caused thereby.

[0066] In a further embodiment, as Figures 6-11 shown, an installation groove 424 is provided on the end face of the support sleeve 420 near the first stop ring 432. The installation groove 424 extends along the axis of the support sleeve 420 and communicates with the installation hole 423. A sliding column 426 is elastically connected in the installation groove 424. Specifically, the sliding column 426 and the bottom of the installation groove 424 are connected by a first elastic member 427. A first inclined surface 4261 is provided on the side of the sliding column 426 facing the installation hole 423. The damping column 425 is in sliding fit with the first inclined surface 4261. The first inclined surface 4261 is configured such that when one end of the sliding column 426 extends out of the installation groove 424 by a preset length, the first inclined surface 4261 is in sliding contact with the damping column 425 so that the damping column 425 is located in the installation hole 423. The first inclined surface 4261 is also configured such that when the sliding column 426 completely moves into the installation groove 424, the first inclined surface 4261 is in sliding contact with the damping column 425 so that one end of the damping column 425 extends out of the installation hole 423.

[0067] After two sets of support sleeves 420 with diameters less than or equal to the aperture diameter of the workpiece 700 abut against each other, the sliding column 426 is completely moved into the installation groove 424 under the extrusion of the support sleeve 420 facing it. At this time, the first elastic member 427 is compressed, and the first inclined surface 4261 is in sliding contact with the damping column 425 so that the damping column 425 extends out of the installation hole 423. At this time, the normal pressure between the damping column 425 and the hole wall of the workpiece 700 increases, and the frictional force increases, thereby preventing relative sliding between the support sleeve 420 and the workpiece 700 along the second axis, and further preventing inaccurate detection results caused thereby.

[0068] After the two sets of support sleeves 420 move away from each other, the sliding column 426 is no longer under the extrusion of the support sleeve 420 facing it. Under the elastic force of the first elastic member 427, the sliding column 426 extends out of the installation groove 424 by a preset length. At this time, the first inclined surface 4261 is in sliding contact with the damping column 425 so that the damping column 425 is located within the installation hole 423.

[0069] In a further embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a centering assembly 500 is further provided in the first fixture 200. The centering assembly 500 is connected to the support 410, and the centering assembly 500 is used to drive the two supports 410 to approach or move away from each other.

[0070] Before the two sets of support sleeves 420 approach each other, the staff first drives the two supports 410 to approach each other through the centering assembly 500 so that the distance between the two sets of support sleeves 420 is reduced to the required distance. Next, the staff makes the two sets of support sleeves 420 approach each other until the support sleeves 420 with diameters less than or equal to the aperture diameter in the two sets of support sleeves 420 abut against each other.

[0071] After the two sets of support sleeves 420 move away from each other, the staff drives the two supports 410 to move away from each other through the centering assembly 500 so that the distance between the two sets of support sleeves 420 is increased to the maximum distance, so as to leave sufficient space for the staff to disassemble the workpiece 700 from the first fixture 200.

[0072] In a further embodiment, the centering assembly 500 includes a center rod 510, a linear drive unit 520, a push plate 530 and a damping frame 540. The center rod 510 is slidably arranged in the first fixture 200, the axis of the center rod 510 coincides with the first axis, the linear drive unit 520 is arranged in the first fixture 200, the linear drive unit 520 is connected to the lower end of the center rod 510, and the linear drive unit 520 is used to drive the center rod 510 to move along the first axis. The push plate 530 is arranged at the upper end of the center rod 510, and the upper part of the push plate 530 is symmetrically provided with a second inclined surface 531 with the first axis as the symmetry axis. There are two damping frames 540, and the two damping frames 5 40 is arranged in the first clamp 200 and slides along the second axis. The damping frame 540 is in frictional contact with the support 410 along the second axis. A third inclined surface 541 is provided at the lower part of the damping frame 540. The second inclined surface 531 is in sliding contact with the third inclined surface 541. The second inclined surface 531 and the third inclined surface 541 are configured so that when the center rod 510 moves downward, the second inclined surface 531 and the third inclined surface 541 slide and stagger, so that the two damping frames 540 move away from each other synchronously. The second inclined surface 531 and the third inclined surface 541 are also configured so that when the center rod 510 moves upward, the second inclined surface 531 and the third inclined surface 541 slide and overlap, so that the two damping frames 540 move toward each other synchronously.

[0073] When the centering component 500 needs to drive the two supports 410 to approach each other, specifically, the linear drive unit 520 is started, the linear drive unit 520 drives the center rod 510 to move upward, the center rod 510 drives the push plate 530 to move upward, the push plate 530 pushes the two damping frames 540 to approach each other along the second axis through the sliding cooperation between the second inclined surface 531 and the third inclined surface 541, and the two damping frames 540 drive the corresponding supports 410 to approach each other synchronously, so that the distance between the two supports 410 is reduced to the required distance.

[0074] When the centering component 500 needs to drive the two supports 410 away from each other, specifically, the linear drive unit 520 is started, the linear drive unit 520 drives the center rod 510 to move downward, the center rod 510 drives the push plate 530 to move downward, the push plate 530 pushes the two damping frames 540 away from each other along the second axis through the sliding cooperation between the second inclined surface 531 and the third inclined surface 541, and the two damping frames 540 drive the corresponding supports 410 to move away from each other synchronously, so that the spacing between the two supports 410 is increased to the required distance.

[0075] It should be further explained that the linear drive unit 520 is any one of a linear feed mechanism, a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder.

[0076] It should also be added that the damping frame 540 and the support 410 are in a sliding fit, and the contact surface between the two has a large frictional force, so that the damping frame 540 can drive the support 410 to move synchronously. When it is necessary to maintain the support 410 and the support sleeve 420 inside it, the support 410 can be removed from the damping frame 540 along the sliding fit direction of the damping frame 540 and the support 410.

[0077] In a further embodiment, a hydraulic drive member 600 is provided on the upper part of the frame 100. The power end of the hydraulic drive member 600 is connected to the second clamp 300, so that the second clamp 300 can approach or move away from the first clamp 200 along the first axis.

[0078] When it is necessary to move the second clamp 300, the hydraulic drive member 600 is started. The power end of the hydraulic drive member 600 drives the second clamp 300 to move, so that the second clamp 300 can approach or move away from the first clamp 200 along the first axis.

[0079] In a further embodiment, a stress sensor is provided at the connection position between the second clamp 300 and the hydraulic drive member 600. The stress sensor is used to detect the tensile stress value applied by the hydraulic drive member 600. An alarm is provided on the frame 100, and the alarm is electrically connected to the stress sensor. When the tensile stress value detected by the stress sensor is greater than the first preset value, the alarm gives an alarm and the hydraulic drive member 600 stops moving. At this time, the staff can know that the workpiece 700 test is completed through the alarm and can remove the workpiece 700.

[0080] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope described in this specification.

[0081] The above-described embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present invention. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A tensile testing device for mechanical parts, characterized in that: include: frame; A first clamp, the first clamp is arranged at the lower part of the frame; A second clamp is disposed on the upper part of the frame and above the first clamp, and the second clamp can be close to or away from the first clamp along the first axis; The interpenetration mechanism includes a support, a support sleeve and a control component. There are two supports, which are arranged on the first fixture along the second axis at intervals. The second axis is perpendicular to the first axis. The axis of the support sleeve coincides with the second axis. There are two groups of support sleeves, each group has a plurality of support sleeves with different diameters. The plurality of support sleeves with different diameters in each group are coaxially sleeved in sequence and elastically connected to the corresponding supports. There are two control components, which are arranged in corresponding supports and connected to a corresponding group of support sleeves. The control components are used to drive a group of support sleeves corresponding thereto to move along the second axis so that the two groups of support sleeves can approach or move away from each other along the second axis; the control components include a screw, a first stop ring, a second stop ring, a center ring and a nut, the nut is arranged on the outside of the support, the screw is threadedly connected with the nut and the screw penetrates into the support, the first stop ring is arranged at one end of the screw away from the nut, the second stop ring is coaxial with the first stop ring and is arranged on the screw at intervals, the center ring is sleeved on the outside of the screw, and the two ends of the center ring are respectively abutted against the first stop ring and the second stop ring; A stop convex ring is provided at one end of the support sleeve away from the first stop ring; When the two groups of supporting sleeves move away from each other along the second axis, the stop convex rings corresponding to two adjacent supporting sleeves can abut against each other.

2. A mechanical parts tensile testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Among the two end faces facing each other in two supporting sleeves with the same diameter in the two groups of supporting sleeves, one end face is provided with an annular concave platform, and the other end face is provided with an annular convex platform, and the annular concave platform is matched with the annular convex platform.

3. A mechanical parts tensile testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A mounting hole is provided on the circumference of the support sleeve, and the mounting hole extends along the radial direction of the support sleeve. A damping column is slidably connected in the mounting hole, and the damping column can move along the axis of the mounting hole.

4. A mechanical parts tensile testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support sleeve is provided with a mounting groove on one end surface close to the first stop ring, the mounting groove extends along the axis of the support sleeve and is connected to the mounting hole, a sliding column is elastically connected in the mounting groove, a first inclined surface is provided on the side of the sliding column facing the mounting hole, and the damping column is slidably matched with the first inclined surface; The first inclined surface is configured such that when one end of the sliding column extends to a preset length outside the mounting groove, the first inclined surface slides and abuts against the damping column so that the damping column is located in the mounting hole; The first inclined surface is also configured such that when the sliding column is completely moved into the installation groove, the first inclined surface slides and abuts against the damping column so that one end of the damping column extends out of the installation hole.

5. The tensile testing device for mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A centering component is also provided in the first fixture, and the centering component is connected to the support, and is used to drive the two supports to move closer to each other or away from each other.

6. A mechanical parts tensile testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The centering assembly includes a center rod, a linear drive unit, a push plate and a damping frame. The center rod is slidably arranged in the first fixture. The axis of the center rod coincides with the first axis. The linear drive unit is arranged in the first fixture. The linear drive unit is connected to the lower end of the center rod and is used to drive the center rod to move along the first axis. The push plate is arranged at the upper end of the center rod. The upper part of the push plate is symmetrically provided with a second inclined surface with the first axis as the symmetry axis. There are two damping frames. The two damping frames are slidably arranged in the first fixture along the second axis. The damping frame and the support are in frictional contact along the second axis. The lower part of the damping frame is provided with a third inclined surface, and the second inclined surface is in sliding contact with the third inclined surface. The second inclined surface and the third inclined surface are configured so that when the central rod moves downward, the second inclined surface and the third inclined surface slide and stagger, so that the two damping frames move away from each other synchronously; The second inclined surface and the third inclined surface are also configured so that when the central rod moves upward, the second inclined surface and the third inclined surface slide and overlap, so that the two damping frames are synchronously close to each other.

7. A mechanical parts tensile testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The linear drive unit is any one of a linear feed mechanism, a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder.

8. The tensile testing device for mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydraulic drive component is disposed on the upper portion of the frame, and a power end of the hydraulic drive component is connected to the second clamp so that the second clamp can approach or move away from the first clamp along the first axis.

9. A mechanical parts tensile testing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A stress sensor is provided at the connection position between the second clamp and the hydraulic drive member, and the stress sensor is used to detect the tensile stress value applied by the hydraulic drive member; An alarm is arranged on the frame, and the alarm is electrically connected to the stress sensor. When the tensile stress value detected by the stress sensor is greater than a first preset value, the alarm sounds an alarm.

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