Optical cable and optoelectronic composite cable with loose tube

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of optical cables and discloses an optical cable with a loose tube. The optical cable comprises a cable core, a loose tube is arranged in the cable core, an optical fiber is arranged in the loose tube, a first special-shaped sheath and at least one second special-shaped sheath are arranged outside the cable core, the first special-shaped sheath and the second special-shaped sheath are both composed of at least three butterfly-shaped units and connecting walls with the same number as the butterfly units, which are distributed and connected at intervals, an inwardly opening spacing cavity is formed between two adjacent butterfly units, the first special-shaped sheath and the second special-shaped sheath are stacked and attached to each other, and at least one optical fiber ribbon is arranged in the spacing cavity; the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, wide application scenarios, uniform force, high fiber core density, convenient construction, and the like; the present invention also discloses an optoelectronic composite cable with a loose tube.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of optical cables, and in particular relates to an optical cable with a loose tube and an optoelectronic composite cable. Background Art

[0002] Optical cable is a communication cable assembly that uses one or more optical fibers placed in a sheath as a transmission medium and can be used individually or in groups.

[0003] In the prior art, CN220820332U discloses an armored butterfly optical cable, comprising an optical fiber, a reinforcement member, a waterproof filler, an inner sheath, a moisture-proof layer, an armor layer, a water-blocking layer, a rodent-proof powder and an outer sheath. The inner surface of the armor layer is sleeved on the outer surface of the moisture-proof layer, the inner surface of the moisture-proof layer is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner sheath, the reinforcement member is installed at the center of the inner surface of the inner sheath, the center of the inner surface of the reinforcement member is sleeved on the outer surface of the optical fiber, the outer surface of the armor layer is sleeved on the inner surface of the water-blocking layer, and the outer sheath is sleeved on the water-blocking layer.

[0004] The above-mentioned existing technologies all have the following drawbacks: 1. low fiber core density, 2. small application scope, 3. inconvenient construction, and 4. complex structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to disclose an optical cable and an optoelectronic composite cable with a loose tube, which are achieved by adopting the following technical solutions.

[0006] The invention discloses an optical cable with a loose tube. The optical cable comprises a cable core, a loose tube arranged in the cable core, an optical fiber arranged in the loose tube, a first special-shaped sheath and at least one second special-shaped sheath arranged outside the cable core, wherein the first special-shaped sheath is composed of at least three first butterfly-shaped units and first connecting walls, the number of which is the same as the number of the first butterfly-shaped units, which are spaced and connected to each other, and a first spacing cavity opening inward is formed between two adjacent first butterfly-shaped units, and the second special-shaped sheath is composed of at least three second butterfly-shaped units and second connecting walls, the number of which is the same as the number of the second butterfly-shaped units, which are spaced and connected to each other, and a second spacing cavity opening inward is formed between two adjacent second butterfly-shaped units, the first special-shaped sheath and the second special-shaped sheath are stacked and attached to each other, the first special-shaped sheath is located at the outermost side, and at least one optical fiber ribbon is arranged in the first spacing cavity and the second spacing cavity.

[0007] In the above-mentioned optical cable with a loose tube, both ends of the first connecting wall are respectively connected to corresponding first butterfly-shaped units, all first butterfly-shaped units are located on the same circumference, a first central cavity is formed in the first special-shaped sheath, all second special-shaped sheaths are located in the first central cavity, and all first butterfly unit sheaths and the first connecting wall are integrally formed;

[0008] The two ends of the second connecting wall are respectively connected to the corresponding second butterfly-shaped units. All the second butterfly-shaped units of the same second special-shaped sheath are located on the same circumference. A second central cavity is formed in the second special-shaped sheath. The cable core is located in the innermost second central cavity. The sheaths of all the second butterfly-shaped units and the second connecting wall are integrally formed.

[0009] When there is a second special-shaped sheath, the second connecting wall is completely in contact with the corresponding first butterfly-shaped unit, the opening of the first spacing cavity is completely blocked by the outer side wall of the corresponding second butterfly-shaped unit, and the sheath of the second butterfly unit is in contact with the cable core;

[0010] When there are multiple second special-shaped protective layers, the second connecting wall of the outermost second special-shaped protective layer is completely in contact with the corresponding first butterfly-shaped unit, and the opening of the first spacing cavity is completely blocked by the outer side wall of the adjacent corresponding second butterfly-shaped unit. Among two adjacent second special-shaped protective layers, the second connecting wall of the outer second special-shaped protective layer is completely in contact with the corresponding second butterfly-shaped unit on the inner side, and the opening of the outer second spacing cavity is completely blocked by the outer side wall of the adjacent corresponding second butterfly-shaped unit on the inner side. The protective layer of the innermost second butterfly unit is in contact with the cable core.

[0011] An optical cable with a loose tube comprises a cable core, a loose tube provided in the cable core, an optical fiber provided in the loose tube, a first special-shaped sheath and 2n+1 second special-shaped sheaths provided outside the cable core, where n≥0, and n is an integer. The first special-shaped sheath comprises at least three first butterfly-shaped units and first connecting walls, the number of which is the same as the number of the first butterfly-shaped units, which are spaced and connected to form a first spacing cavity between two adjacent first butterfly-shaped units. The second special-shaped sheath comprises at least three second butterfly-shaped units and second connecting walls, the number of which is the same as the number of the second butterfly-shaped units, which are spaced and connected to form a second spacing cavity between two adjacent second butterfly-shaped units. The first special-shaped sheath and the second special-shaped sheath are stacked and attached to each other, with the first special-shaped sheath being located on the outermost side.

[0012] From the outside to the inside, the second spacing cavity of the outermost second special-shaped protective layer is opposite to the corresponding first spacing cavity, and forms a combined cavity. The second spacing cavity of the 2n+2 second special-shaped protective layer is opposite to the corresponding second spacing cavity of the 2n+3 second special-shaped protective layer, and forms a combined cavity. At least one optical fiber ribbon is arranged in the combined cavity.

[0013] In the above-mentioned optical cable with a loose tube, both ends of the first connecting wall are respectively connected to the corresponding first butterfly-shaped units, all the first butterfly-shaped units are located on the same circumference, the first spacing cavity opens inward, a first central cavity is formed in the first special-shaped sheath, all the second special-shaped sheaths are located in the first central cavity, all the second special-shaped sheaths are stacked, and all the first butterfly unit sheaths and the first connecting wall are integrally formed;

[0014] The two ends of the second connecting wall are respectively connected to the corresponding second butterfly-shaped units. All the second butterfly-shaped units of the same second special-shaped sheath are located on the same circumference. The second spacing cavity of the 2n+2 second special-shaped sheath opens inward, and the second spacing cavity of the 2n+3 second special-shaped sheath opens outward. A second central cavity is formed in the second special-shaped sheath. The cable core is located in the innermost second central cavity. All the second butterfly-shaped unit sheaths and the second connecting wall are integrally formed.

[0015] An optical cable with a loose tube as described in any one of the above claims, wherein two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members, at least one optical fiber and a first butterfly-shaped unit sheath are provided in the first butterfly-shaped unit, the two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members are located in the first butterfly-shaped unit sheath, and the optical fiber is located between the two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members.

[0016] In the above-mentioned optical cable with a loose tube, two second butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members, at least one optical fiber and a second butterfly-shaped unit sheath are provided in the second butterfly-shaped unit, the two second butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members are located in the second butterfly-shaped unit sheath, and the optical fiber is located between the two second butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members.

[0017] The invention discloses an optical cable with a loose tube. The optical cable comprises a cable core, a loose tube arranged in the cable core, an optical fiber arranged in the loose tube, and a first special-shaped sheath arranged outside the cable core. One end of the first special-shaped sheath is connected to the outer wall of the cable core. The first special-shaped sheath is wound around the cable core. The first special-shaped sheath is composed of a plurality of first butterfly-shaped units and first connecting walls, the number of which is the same as that of the first butterfly units, which are distributed and connected at intervals. A first spacing cavity opening inward is formed between two adjacent first butterfly-shaped units. When only one layer of the first special-shaped sheath is wound, the first butterfly unit is adhered to the cable core. When multiple layers of the first special-shaped sheath are wound, the first butterfly unit of the innermost first special-shaped sheath is adhered to the cable core. Two adjacent layers of the first special-shaped sheath are adhered. At least one optical fiber ribbon is arranged in the first spacing cavity.

[0018] In the above-mentioned optical cable with a loose tube, two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members, at least one optical fiber and a first butterfly-shaped unit sheath are provided in the first butterfly-shaped unit, the two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members are located in the first butterfly-shaped unit sheath, and the optical fiber is located between the two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members.

[0019] In the above-mentioned optical cable with a loose tube, the material of the first butterfly-shaped unit sheath and the first connecting wall is flame-retardant polyolefin.

[0020] In the above-mentioned optical cable with a loose tube, the second butterfly-shaped unit sheath and the second connecting wall are made of flame-retardant polyolefin.

[0021] In the above-mentioned optical cable with loose tube, the material of the inner sheath is polyethylene.

[0022] In the above-mentioned optical cable with a loose tube, the first butterfly unit reinforcement member and the second butterfly unit reinforcement member are phosphated steel wires.

[0023] In the above-mentioned optical cable with loose tube, the central reinforcement member is phosphated steel wire.

[0024] In the above-mentioned optical cable with a loose tube, the optical fiber is a single-mode optical fiber or a multi-mode optical fiber.

[0025] The optical cable with a loose tube is made of polybutylene terephthalate.

[0026] In the above-mentioned optical cable with a loose tube, the optical fiber ribbon is formed by combining at least two optical fibers.

[0027] The invention discloses an optoelectronic composite cable with a loose tube. The cable core comprises a loose tube, an optical fiber, and a first special-shaped sheath and at least one second special-shaped sheath outside the cable core. The first special-shaped sheath is composed of at least three first butterfly-shaped units and first connecting walls, the number of which is the same as the number of the first butterfly-shaped units, which are spaced and connected to each other. A first spacing cavity opening inward is formed between two adjacent first butterfly-shaped units. The second special-shaped sheath is composed of at least three second butterfly-shaped units and second connecting walls, the number of which is the same as the number of the second butterfly-shaped units, which are spaced and connected to each other. A second spacing cavity opening inward is formed between two adjacent second butterfly-shaped units. The first special-shaped sheath and the second special-shaped sheath are stacked and attached to each other. The first special-shaped sheath is located at the outermost side. At least one electrical unit is provided in the first spacing cavity and the second spacing cavity.

[0028] In the above-mentioned optoelectronic composite cable with a loose tube, the electrical unit is composed of a conductor and an insulating layer extruded outside the conductor.

[0029] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The special-shaped sheath is formed by connecting a plurality of butterfly-shaped units, so that the optical cable has the characteristics of an outdoor optical cable and can also be used for indoor laying.

[0030] 2. The butterfly-shaped units are evenly distributed around the cable core, so that the reinforcement members of the butterfly-shaped units are evenly distributed around the optical cable. When the optical cable is subjected to tension, the central reinforcement members and the reinforcement members of the external butterfly-shaped units make the force on the optical cable more uniform.

[0031] 3. An optical fiber ribbon is placed in the space between two adjacent butterfly-shaped units to increase the fiber core density of the optical cable. An electrical unit can also be placed in the space between the two adjacent butterfly-shaped units to enable the cable to transmit both light and electricity simultaneously to meet more application needs.

[0032] 4. The first compartment cavity and the second compartment cavity can be combined into a larger combined cavity, capable of accommodating more optical fiber ribbons or electrical units.

[0033] 5. The first butterfly-shaped units and the first spacing cavities of the first special-shaped sheath are staggered with the second butterfly-shaped units and the second spacing cavities of the second special-shaped sheath, thereby improving the anti-extrusion capability of the optical cable.

[0034] 6. The first special-shaped protective layer can be in a winding form to facilitate the peeling and use of the first butterfly-shaped unit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a section of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a front view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a front view of the first special-shaped protective layer of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a front view of the combination of the first special-shaped protective layer, the second special-shaped protective layer and the inner protective layer of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a section of Example 2 of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 This is a front view of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 7 This is a front view of the second special-shaped protective layer of Example 2 of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 8 This is a front view of the combination of the first special-shaped protective layer and the second special-shaped protective layer in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 9 This is a front view of embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 10 This is a front view of the first special-shaped protective layer of Example 3 of the present invention.

[0045] In the figure, 1. first special-shaped protective layer, 11. first butterfly-shaped unit, 111. first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement, 113. first butterfly-shaped unit protective layer, 12. first connecting wall, 13. first spacing cavity, 14. first central cavity, 2. second special-shaped protective layer, 21. second butterfly-shaped unit, 211. second butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement, 213. second butterfly-shaped unit protective layer, 22. second connecting wall, 23. second spacing cavity, 24. second central cavity, 3. optical fiber ribbon, 4. inner protective layer, 5. loose tube, 6. optical fiber, 7. central reinforcement, 8. combined cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] Example 1: Figures 1 to 4 , an optical cable with a loose tube, comprising a cable core, the cable core being composed of an inner sheath 4, six loose tubes 5 and a central reinforcement member 7, the loose tube 5 being stranded around the central reinforcement member 7, at least one optical fiber 6 being provided in the loose tube 5, the inner sheath 4 being extruded outside the stranded body formed by the loose tube 5 and the central reinforcement member 7, the cable core being provided with a first special-shaped sheath 1 and a second special-shaped sheath 2, the first special-shaped sheath 1 being composed of eight first butterfly-shaped units 11 and eight first connecting walls 12, the first butterfly units 11 and the first connecting walls 12 being distributed at intervals, the two ends of the first connecting wall 12 being connected to the corresponding first butterfly-shaped units 11, the first butterfly unit 11 being composed of two first The butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement member 111, an optical fiber 6, and a first butterfly-shaped unit sheath 113 are composed of two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members 111 and one optical fiber 6 located within the first butterfly-shaped unit sheath 113. The optical fiber 6 is located between the two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members 111. All first butterfly-shaped units 11 are located on the same circumference. A first spacing cavity 13 opening inward is formed between the first connecting wall 12 and the two first butterfly-shaped units 11 on both sides. A first central cavity 14 is formed within the first special-shaped sheath 1. All first butterfly-shaped unit sheaths 113 and the first connecting wall 12 are integrally formed. The second special-shaped sheath 2 is located within the first central cavity 14.

[0047] The second special-shaped sheath 2 is composed of eight second butterfly-shaped units 21 and eight second connecting walls 22. The second butterfly units 21 and the second connecting walls 22 are spaced apart. The two ends of the second connecting wall 22 are respectively connected to the corresponding second butterfly units 21. The second butterfly unit 21 is composed of two second butterfly-shaped unit reinforcements 211, an optical fiber 6 and a second butterfly unit sheath 213. The two second butterfly unit reinforcements 211 and the optical fiber 6 are located in the second butterfly unit sheath 213. The optical fiber 6 is located between the two second butterfly unit reinforcements 211. All the second butterfly units 21 are located on the same circumference. A second spacing cavity 23 opening inward is formed between the second connecting wall 22 and the two second butterfly units 21 on both sides. A second central cavity 24 is formed in the second special-shaped sheath 2. All the second butterfly unit sheaths 213 and the second connecting walls 22 are integrally formed, and the cable core is located in the second central cavity 24.

[0048] The second connecting wall 22 is completely in contact with the corresponding first butterfly-shaped unit 11, the opening of the first spacing cavity 13 is completely blocked by the outer wall of the corresponding second butterfly unit 21, the second butterfly unit protective layer 213 is in contact with the inner protective layer 4, and at least one optical fiber ribbon 3 is provided in the first spacing cavity 13 and the second spacing cavity 23.

[0049] Example 2: Figures 5 to 8, an optical cable with a loose tube, comprising a cable core, the cable core being composed of an inner sheath 4, six loose tubes 5 and a central reinforcement member 7, the loose tube 5 being stranded around the central reinforcement member 7, at least one optical fiber 6 being provided in the loose tube 5, the inner sheath 4 being extruded outside the stranded body formed by the loose tube 5 and the central reinforcement member 7, the cable core being provided with a first special-shaped sheath 1 and a second special-shaped sheath 2, the first special-shaped sheath 1 being composed of eight first butterfly-shaped units 11 and eight first connecting walls 12, the first butterfly units 11 and the first connecting walls 12 being distributed at intervals, the two ends of the first connecting wall 12 being connected to the corresponding first butterfly-shaped units 11, the first butterfly unit 11 being composed of two first The butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement member 111, an optical fiber 6, and a first butterfly-shaped unit sheath 113 are composed of two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members 111 and one optical fiber 6 located within the first butterfly-shaped unit sheath 113. The optical fiber 6 is located between the two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members 111. All first butterfly-shaped units 11 are located on the same circumference. A first spacing cavity 13 opening inward is formed between the first connecting wall 12 and the two first butterfly-shaped units 11 on both sides. A first central cavity 14 is formed within the first special-shaped sheath 1. All first butterfly-shaped unit sheaths 113 and the first connecting wall 12 are integrally formed. The second special-shaped sheath 2 is located within the first central cavity 14.

[0050] The second special-shaped sheath 2 is composed of eight second butterfly-shaped units 21 and eight second connecting walls 22. The second butterfly units 21 and the second connecting walls 22 are spaced apart. The two ends of the second connecting wall 22 are respectively connected to the corresponding second butterfly units 21. The second butterfly unit 21 is composed of two second butterfly-shaped unit reinforcements 211, an optical fiber 6 and a second butterfly unit sheath 213. The two second butterfly unit reinforcements 211 and the optical fiber 6 are located in the second butterfly unit sheath 213. The optical fiber 6 is located between the two second butterfly unit reinforcements 211. All the second butterfly units 21 are located on the same circumference. An outward-opening second spacing cavity 23 is formed between the second connecting wall 22 and the two second butterfly units 21 on both sides. An outward-facing second central cavity 24 is formed in the second special-shaped sheath 2. All the second butterfly unit sheaths 213 and the second connecting walls 22 are integrally formed, and the cable core is located in the second central cavity 24.

[0051] The first spacing cavity 13 and the corresponding second spacing cavity 23 are opposite to each other and form a combined cavity 8. At least one optical fiber ribbon 3 is provided in the combined cavity 8. The second butterfly unit sheath 213 is adhered to the inner sheath 4, and the second butterfly unit sheath 213 is adhered to the corresponding first butterfly unit sheath 113.

[0052] Example 3: Figure 9 and Figure 10, an optical cable with a loose tube, comprising a cable core, the cable core being composed of an inner sheath 4, six loose tubes 5 and a central reinforcement member 7, the loose tube 5 being stranded around the central reinforcement member 7, at least one optical fiber 6 being provided in the loose tube 5, the inner sheath 4 being extruded outside the twisted body formed by the loose tube 5 and the central reinforcement member 7, a first special-shaped sheath 1 being provided outside the cable core, one end of the first special-shaped sheath 1 being connected to the outer wall of the inner sheath 4, the first special-shaped sheath 1 being wound around the outer surface of the inner sheath 4, the first special-shaped sheath 1 being composed of a plurality of first butterfly-shaped units 11 and a first connecting wall 12 having the same number as the first butterfly units 11, the first butterfly units 11 and the first connecting wall 12 being distributed at intervals, and the first connecting wall 12 between two adjacent first butterfly units 11 The two ends of the connecting wall 12 are respectively connected to the corresponding first butterfly-shaped units 11. The first butterfly unit 11 is composed of two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcements 111, an optical fiber 6 and a first butterfly-shaped unit sheath 113. The two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcements 111 and the optical fiber 6 are located in the first butterfly-shaped unit sheath 113, and the optical fiber 6 is located between the two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcements 111. When the first special-shaped sheath 1 has only one layer, the first butterfly-shaped unit 11 is pasted to the inner sheath 4. When the first special-shaped sheath 1 has multiple layers, the first butterfly unit 11 of the innermost first special-shaped sheath 1 is pasted to the inner sheath 4, and the two adjacent layers of the first special-shaped sheath 1 are pasted. At least one optical fiber ribbon 3 is provided in the first spacing cavity 13.

[0053] In the above-mentioned optical cable with loose tube, the material of the first butterfly-shaped unit sheath 113 and the first connecting wall 12 is flame-retardant polyolefin.

[0054] In the above-mentioned optical cable with loose tube, the second butterfly-shaped unit sheath 213 and the second connecting wall 22 are made of flame-retardant polyolefin.

[0055] In the above-mentioned optical cable with loose tube, the material of the inner sheath 4 is polyethylene.

[0056] In the above-mentioned optical cable with loose tube, the first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement member 111 and the second butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement member 211 are phosphating steel wires.

[0057] In the above-mentioned optical cable with loose tube, the central reinforcement member 7 is a phosphating steel wire.

[0058] In the above-mentioned optical cable with a loose tube, the optical fiber 6 is a single-mode optical fiber or a multi-mode optical fiber.

[0059] In the above-mentioned optical cable with a loose tube, the material of the loose tube 5 is polybutylene terephthalate.

[0060] In the above-mentioned optical cable with a loose tube, the optical fiber ribbon 3 is formed by ribbonizing at least two optical fibers 6 .

[0061] Example 4: An optoelectronic composite cable with a loose tube optical cable. This example is basically the same as Example 1, except that the optical fiber ribbons 3 in the first spacing cavity 13 and the second spacing cavity 23 are replaced by electrical units, which are composed of a conductor and an insulating layer extruded outside the conductor.

[0062] This application can be used as an intelligent sensor or intelligent sensing element; since it can transmit voice and images, it can also be used as a physical sensor, such as a voice sensor or image sensor; since it transmits optical signals through the principle of total reflection, it can also be used as a distance sensor; the optical fiber in this application is itself an optical waveguide, so it can be used as an optical waveguide, such as an array optical waveguide or a diffraction optical waveguide; this application can also be used in the field of optical computing, as part of optical computing, optical computing, and optical network computing, and as part of optical chip computing.

[0063] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The special-shaped sheath is formed by connecting a plurality of butterfly-shaped units, so that the optical cable has the characteristics of an outdoor optical cable and can also be used for indoor laying.

[0064] 2. The butterfly-shaped units are evenly distributed around the cable core, so that the reinforcement members of the butterfly-shaped units are evenly distributed around the optical cable. When the optical cable is subjected to tension, the central reinforcement member 7 and the reinforcement members of the external butterfly-shaped units make the force on the optical cable more uniform.

[0065] 3. An optical fiber ribbon is placed in the space between two adjacent butterfly-shaped units to increase the fiber core density of the optical cable. An electrical unit can also be placed in the space between the two adjacent butterfly-shaped units to enable the cable to transmit both light and electricity simultaneously to meet more application needs.

[0066] 4. The first spaced cavity 13 and the second spaced cavity 23 can be combined into a larger combined cavity 8, capable of accommodating more optical fiber ribbons 3 or electrical units.

[0067] 5. The first butterfly-shaped units 11 and the first spacing cavities 13 of the first special-shaped sheath 1 are staggered with the second butterfly-shaped units 21 and the second spacing cavities 23 of the second special-shaped sheath 2, thereby improving the anti-extrusion capability of the optical cable.

[0068] 6. The first special-shaped protective layer 1 can be in a winding form to facilitate the peeling and taking of the first butterfly-shaped unit 11.

[0069] This application can be used as an intelligent sensor or intelligent sensing element; since it can transmit voice and images, it can also be used as a physical sensor, such as a voice sensor or image sensor; since it transmits optical signals through the principle of total reflection, it can also be used as a distance sensor; the optical fiber in this application is itself an optical waveguide, so it can be used as an optical waveguide, such as an array optical waveguide or a diffraction optical waveguide; this application can also be used in the field of optical computing, as part of optical computing, optical computing, and optical network computing, and as part of optical chip computing.

[0070] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent alternatives to the technical features of the technical solutions described in the claims. Equivalent alternatives and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical cable with a loose tube, comprising a cable core, a loose tube (5) provided in the cable core, an optical fiber (6) provided in the loose tube (5), characterized in that: The cable core is provided with a first special-shaped sheath (1) and at least one second special-shaped sheath (2). The first special-shaped sheath (1) is composed of at least three first butterfly-shaped units (11) and first connecting walls (12) of the same number as the first butterfly-shaped units (11). The first butterfly-shaped units (11) and the first connecting walls (12) are spaced apart, and both ends of the first connecting walls are respectively connected to the corresponding first butterfly-shaped units. A first spacing cavity (13) with an inward opening is formed between two adjacent first butterfly-shaped units (11). The second special-shaped sheath (2) is composed of at least three second butterfly-shaped units (21) and second connecting walls (22) of the same number as the second butterfly-shaped units (21). The second butterfly-shaped units (21) and the second connecting wall (22) are spaced apart, and a second spacing cavity (23) with an inward opening is formed between two adjacent second butterfly-shaped units (21). The first special-shaped protective layer (1) and the second special-shaped protective layer (2) are stacked and attached to each other, and the first special-shaped protective layer (1) is located at the outermost side. At least one optical fiber ribbon (3) is provided in the first spacing cavity (13) and the second spacing cavity (23); two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members (111), at least one optical fiber (6) and a first butterfly-shaped unit protective layer (113) are provided in the first butterfly-shaped unit (11), the two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members (111) are located in the first butterfly-shaped unit protective layer (113), and the optical fiber (6) is located between the two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members (111); All first butterfly-shaped units (11) are located on the same circumference, a first central cavity (14) is formed in the first special-shaped protective layer (1), and all second special-shaped protective layers (2) are located in the first central cavity (14); both ends of the second connecting wall (22) are respectively connected to the corresponding second butterfly-shaped units (21), all second butterfly-shaped units (21) of the same second special-shaped protective layer (2) are located on the same circumference, a second central cavity (24) is formed in the second special-shaped protective layer (2), and the cable core is located in the innermost second central cavity (24); when there is one second special-shaped protective layer (2), the second connecting wall (22) completely fits the corresponding first butterfly-shaped unit (11), and the opening of the first spacing cavity (13) is completely occupied by the corresponding second butterfly unit ( The outer wall of the second butterfly-shaped unit (21) is blocked, and the second butterfly-shaped unit sheath (213) is in contact with the cable core; when there are multiple second special-shaped sheaths (2), the second connecting wall (22) of the outermost second special-shaped sheath (2) is completely in contact with the corresponding first butterfly-shaped unit (11), and the opening of the first spacing cavity (13) is completely blocked by the outer wall of the adjacent corresponding second butterfly-shaped unit (21); in two adjacent second special-shaped sheaths (2), the second connecting wall (22) of the outer second special-shaped sheath (2) is completely in contact with the inner corresponding second butterfly-shaped unit (21), and the opening of the outer second spacing cavity (23) is completely blocked by the outer wall of the adjacent inner corresponding second butterfly-shaped unit (21), and the innermost second butterfly-shaped unit sheath (213) is in contact with the cable core.

2. The optical cable with a loose tube according to claim 1, wherein: Two second butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members (211), at least one optical fiber (6) and a second butterfly-shaped unit protective layer (213) are provided in the second butterfly-shaped unit (21); the two second butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members (211) are located in the second butterfly-shaped unit protective layer (213); and the optical fiber (6) is located between the two second butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members (211).

3. An optical cable with a loose tube, comprising a cable core, the cable core being composed of an inner sheath, six loose tubes, and a central reinforcement member, the loose tubes being stranded around the central reinforcement member, at least one optical fiber being disposed within the loose tube, the inner sheath being extruded outside the stranded body formed by the loose tubes and the reinforcement member, the cable core being provided with a first special-shaped sheath and a second special-shaped sheath, the first special-shaped sheath being composed of eight first butterfly-shaped units and eight first connecting walls, the first butterfly units and the first connecting walls being spaced apart, and the two ends of the first connecting wall being connected to the corresponding first butterfly units, respectively. The first butterfly unit is composed of two first butterfly unit reinforcement members, an optical fiber and a first butterfly unit sheath. The two first butterfly unit reinforcement members and the optical fiber are located in the first butterfly unit sheath. The optical fiber is located between the two first butterfly unit reinforcement members. All first butterfly units are located on the same circumference. A first spacing cavity opening inward is formed between the first connecting wall and the two first butterfly units on both sides. A first central cavity is formed in the first special-shaped sheath. All first butterfly unit sheaths and the first connecting wall are integrally formed. The second special-shaped protective layer is located in the first central cavity; the second special-shaped protective layer is composed of eight second butterfly-shaped units and eight second connecting walls. The second butterfly units and the second connecting walls are spaced apart, and the two ends of the second connecting wall are respectively connected to the corresponding second butterfly units. The second butterfly unit is composed of two second butterfly-shaped unit reinforcements, an optical fiber and a second butterfly unit protective layer. The two second butterfly unit reinforcements and an optical fiber are located in the second butterfly unit protective layer. The optical fiber is located between the two second butterfly unit reinforcements. All second butterfly units are located on the same circumference. An outward-opening second spacing cavity is formed between the second connecting wall and the two second butterfly units on both sides. An outward-facing second central cavity is formed in the second special-shaped protective layer. All second butterfly unit protective layers and second connecting walls are integrally formed, and the cable core is located in the second central cavity; the first spacing cavity and the corresponding second spacing cavity are opposite to each other and form a combined cavity. At least one optical fiber ribbon is provided in the combined cavity. The second butterfly unit protective layer is bonded to the inner protective layer, and the second butterfly unit protective layer is bonded to the corresponding first butterfly unit protective layer.

4. An optical cable with a loose tube, comprising a cable core, a loose tube (5) provided in the cable core, an optical fiber (6) provided in the loose tube (5), characterized in that: A first special-shaped sheath (1) is provided outside the cable core, one end of the first special-shaped sheath (1) is connected to the outer wall of the cable core, the first special-shaped sheath (1) is wound outside the cable core, the first special-shaped sheath (1) is composed of at least three first butterfly-shaped units (11) and first connecting walls (12) the same number as the first butterfly-shaped units (11), the first butterfly-shaped units (11) and the first connecting walls (12) are spaced apart, and the two ends of the first connecting walls are respectively connected to the corresponding first butterfly-shaped units; a first spacing cavity (13) with an inward opening is formed between two adjacent first butterfly-shaped units (11), when only one layer of the first special-shaped sheath (1) is wound, the first butterfly-shaped unit (11) is adhered to the cable core, and when multiple layers of the first special-shaped sheath are wound, the first butterfly unit of the innermost first special-shaped sheath (1) is (11) is pasted to the cable core, two adjacent layers of the first special-shaped sheath (1) are pasted, and at least one optical fiber ribbon (3) is provided in the first spacing cavity (13); two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members (111), at least one optical fiber (6) and a first butterfly-shaped unit sheath (113) are provided in the first butterfly-shaped unit (11), the two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members (111) are located in the first butterfly-shaped unit sheath (113), and the optical fiber (6) is located between the two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members (111); the cable core also has an inner sheath (4) and a central reinforcement member (7), a loose tube (5) is twisted around the central reinforcement member (7), and the inner sheath (4) is extruded outside the twisted body formed by the loose tube (5) and the reinforcement member (7); the first special-shaped sheath layer is spirally wound outside the inner sheath (4).

5. An optoelectronic composite cable with a loose tube, comprising a cable core, a loose tube (5) provided in the cable core, an optical fiber (6) provided in the loose tube (5), characterized in that: The cable core is provided with a first special-shaped sheath (1) and at least one second special-shaped sheath (2). The first special-shaped sheath (1) is composed of at least three first butterfly-shaped units (11) and first connecting walls (12) whose number is the same as the number of the first butterfly-shaped units (11), which are spaced and connected to form a first spacing cavity (13) with an inward opening formed between two adjacent first butterfly-shaped units (11). The second special-shaped sheath (2) is composed of at least three second butterfly-shaped units (21) and second connecting walls (22) whose number is the same as the number of the second butterfly-shaped units (21), which are spaced and connected to form a first spacing cavity (13) with an inward opening formed between two adjacent first butterfly-shaped units (11). A second spacing cavity (23) is formed with an inward opening, the first special-shaped protective layer (1) and the second special-shaped protective layer (2) are stacked and attached to each other, the first special-shaped protective layer (1) is located at the outermost side, at least one electrical unit is provided in the first spacing cavity (13) and the second spacing cavity (23); two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members (111), at least one optical fiber (6) and a first butterfly-shaped unit protective layer (113) are provided in the first butterfly-shaped unit (11), the two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members (111) are located in the first butterfly-shaped unit protective layer (113), and the optical fiber (6) is located between the two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members (111).

6. The optical-electric composite cable with a loose tube according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electrical unit is composed of a conductor and an insulating layer extruded outside the conductor.

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