Surge calculation method for hydropower station gate shaft and related equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a surge calculation method for a hydropower station gate shaft and related equipment. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring operation parameters of a water flow channel of the hydropower station; determining a continuity equation and a momentum equation of the water flow channel based on the operation parameters; obtaining a water level change model about the gate shaft and the vent hole based on the continuity equation and the momentum equation; determining a gate shaft overflow model of the gate shaft overflow hole and a vent hole overflow model of the vent hole overflow hole based on the water level change model; and determining a gate well water level in the gate well and a vent hole water level in the vent hole based on the gate well overflow model and the vent hole overflow model to obtain a surge calculation result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of data processing, and in particular to a surge calculation method for a gate well of a hydropower station and related equipment. Background Art

[0002] The highest and lowest surges in the gate well are an important indicator in the transient process calculation of a pumped storage power station, which is related to the safety of the water delivery system and units of the power station. However, the existing surge calculation method for the gate well is not accurate, which reduces the safety of the gate well design. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention discloses a surge calculation method and related equipment for a hydropower station gate shaft, which can solve the technical problems that the existing surge calculation method for the gate shaft is not accurate and reduces the safety of the gate shaft design to a certain extent.

[0004] Obtaining operating parameters of a water flow channel of the hydropower station;

[0005] Determining a continuity equation and a momentum equation of the water flow channel based on the operating parameters;

[0006] Obtaining a water level variation model for the gate well and the vent based on the continuity equation and the momentum equation;

[0007] Determine a gate well overflow model of the gate well overflow hole and a vent overflow model of the vent overflow hole based on the water level change model;

[0008] The gate well water level in the gate well and the vent water level in the vent are determined based on the gate well overflow model and the vent overflow model to obtain a surge calculation result.

[0009] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, a surge calculation device for a gate well of a hydropower station is provided, comprising:

[0010] An acquisition module, used for acquiring operating parameters of a water flow channel of the hydropower station;

[0011] A momentum module, for determining a continuity equation and a momentum equation of the water flow channel based on the operating parameters;

[0012] A water level change module, used for obtaining a water level change model about the gate well and the vent based on the continuity equation and the momentum equation;

[0013] An overflow module, used for determining a gate well overflow model of the gate well overflow hole and a vent overflow model of the vent overflow hole based on the water level change model;

[0014] A result module is used to determine the gate well water level in the gate well and the vent water level in the vent based on the gate well overflow model and the vent overflow model to obtain a surge calculation result.

[0015] In a third aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising one or more processors, a memory; and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and executed by the one or more processors, and the programs include instructions for executing the method described in the first aspect.

[0016] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium containing a computer program is provided. When the computer program is executed by one or more processors, the processors execute the method described in the first aspect.

[0017] In a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program product is provided, comprising computer program instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enable the computer to execute the method described in the first aspect.

[0018] From the above, it can be seen that the surge calculation method and related equipment for the gate shaft of a hydropower station provided by the present invention take into account the surge calculation of the overflow hole at the gate shaft and the vent hole, the calculation is simple, the surge calculation accuracy of the gate shaft is improved, and the safety of the gate shaft design is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present disclosure or related technologies, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a surge calculation architecture for a hydropower station gate well according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an exemplary electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic plan view of a surge chamber.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a surge calculation method for a gate shaft of a hydropower station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a hydropower station gate shaft according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of an equal time period grid according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 7-Figure 9 This is an example of surge calculation for a hydropower station gate shaft according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of a surge calculation device for a gate shaft of a hydropower station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more clearly understood, the present disclosure is further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present disclosure belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the embodiments of the present disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Including" or "comprising" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0030] It is understandable that before using the technical solutions disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the types, scope of use, usage scenarios, etc. of the personal information involved in the present disclosure should be informed to the user and the user's authorization should be obtained in an appropriate manner in accordance with relevant laws and regulations.

[0031] For example, in response to receiving an active request from a user, a prompt message is sent to the user to clearly prompt the user that the operation requested to be performed will require obtaining and using the user's personal information. Thus, the user can autonomously choose whether to provide personal information to software or hardware such as an electronic device, application, server, or storage medium that performs the operation of the technical solution of the present disclosure according to the prompt message.

[0032] It is understandable that the above notification and the process of obtaining user authorization are merely illustrative and do not constitute a limitation on the implementation of the present disclosure. Other methods that meet the relevant laws and regulations may also be applied to the implementation of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 1A schematic diagram of a surge calculation architecture of a hydropower station gate well according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 1 The surge calculation architecture 100 of the gate well of the hydropower station may include a server 110, a terminal 120, and a network 130 providing a communication link. The server 110 and the terminal 120 may be connected via a wired or wireless network 130. The server 110 may be an independent physical server, or a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server providing basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communications, middleware services, security services, and CDN.

[0034] The terminal 120 may be implemented in hardware or software. For example, when the terminal 120 is implemented in hardware, it may be various electronic devices having a display screen and supporting page display, including but not limited to smart phones, tablet computers, e-book readers, laptop portable computers, and desktop computers, etc. When the terminal 120 device is implemented in software, it may be installed in the electronic devices listed above; it may be implemented as multiple software or software modules (such as software or software modules used to provide distributed services), or it may be implemented as a single software or software module, which is not specifically limited here.

[0035] It should be noted that the surge calculation method for the gate well of a hydropower station provided in the embodiment of the present application can be executed by the terminal 120 or by the server 110. It should be understood that Figure 1 The number of terminals, networks and servers in the embodiment is only for illustration and is not intended to limit the number of terminals, networks and servers. Any number of terminals, networks and servers may be provided as required.

[0036] Figure 2 FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an exemplary electronic device 200 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 As shown, the electronic device 200 may include: a processor 202, a memory 204, a network module 206, a peripheral interface 208 and a bus 210. The processor 202, the memory 204, the network module 206 and the peripheral interface 208 are connected to each other in communication within the electronic device 200 through the bus 210.

[0037] Processor 202 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a neural network processor (NPU), a microcontroller (MCU), a programmable logic device, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits. Processor 202 may be used to perform functions related to the technology described in this disclosure. In some embodiments, processor 202 may also include multiple processors integrated into a single logical component. For example, Figure 2 As shown, processor 202 may include a plurality of processors 202a, 202b, and 202c.

[0038] The memory 204 may be configured to store data (eg, instructions, computer code, etc.). Figure 2 As shown, the data stored in the memory 204 may include program instructions (for example, program instructions for implementing the surge calculation method for the gate well of a hydropower station in the embodiment of the present disclosure) and data to be processed (for example, the memory may store configuration files of other modules, etc.). The processor 202 may also access the program instructions and data stored in the memory 204, and execute the program instructions to operate on the data to be processed. The memory 204 may include a volatile storage device or a non-volatile storage device. In some embodiments, the memory 204 may include a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an optical disk, a magnetic disk, a hard disk, a solid-state drive (SSD), a flash memory, a memory stick, etc.

[0039] The network module 206 can be configured to provide communication with other external devices to the electronic device 200 via a network. The network can be any wired or wireless network capable of transmitting and receiving data. For example, the network can be a wired network, a local wireless network (e.g., Bluetooth, WiFi, near field communication (NFC) etc.), a cellular network, the Internet or a combination thereof. It is understood that the type of network is not limited to the above specific examples. In some embodiments, the network module 206 can include any number of network interface controllers (NICs), radio frequency modules, transceivers, modems, routers, gateways, adapters, cellular network chips, etc., in any combination.

[0040] The peripheral interface 208 can be configured to connect the electronic device 200 to one or more peripheral devices to achieve information input and output. For example, the peripheral devices can include input devices such as a keyboard, a mouse, a touch pad, a touch screen, a microphone, and various sensors, and output devices such as a display, a speaker, a vibrator, and an indicator light.

[0041] The bus 210 can be configured to transmit information between various components of the electronic device 200 (e.g., the processor 202, the memory 204, the network module 206, and the peripheral interface 208), such as an internal bus (e.g., a processor-memory bus), an external bus (USB port, PCI-E bus), etc.

[0042] It should be noted that, although the architecture of the electronic device 200 only shows the processor 202, the memory 204, the network module 206, the peripheral interface 208 and the bus 210, in the specific implementation process, the architecture of the electronic device 200 may also include other components necessary for normal execution. In addition, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that the architecture of the electronic device 200 may also only include the components necessary for implementing the embodiments of the present disclosure, and does not necessarily include all the components shown in the figure.

[0043] Pumped-storage power stations frequently change their operating conditions, and it is necessary to calculate the transition process for different operating conditions and analyze the operating conditions that do not meet the safety requirements of the specifications. Among them, the highest and lowest surges in the gate well are an important indicator in the calculation of the transition process of the pumped-storage power station, which is related to the safety of the water supply system and units of the power station. If the design is unreasonable, the gate well water level may rise rapidly during the turbine load rejection process and exceed the gate well top height and overflow, or the gate well water level may drop sharply during the power outage of the water pump and penetrate the bottom, thereby destroying the hydraulic structure. Major safety accidents. Therefore, in the design of the gate well, the calculation of the highest and lowest surges is directly related to the safety of the power station water supply system and units. Once the design is unreasonable, it is very easy to cause major safety accidents. In order to avoid such problems, an overflow channel can be set at the gate well and the vent to introduce the overflow water into the reservoir.

[0044] However, at present, the gate well water level is generally treated as an impedance surge chamber. In the preliminary design, different working conditions are calculated according to the following formulas. Specifically:

[0045] (1) Under load shedding conditions,

[0046] (1+λ′Z max )-ln(1+λ′Z max )=(1+λ′h w0 )-ln(1-λ′h c0 )λ′h c0 <1;

[0047] (λ′|Z max |-1)+ln(λ′|Z max |-1)=ln(λ′h c0 -1)-(λ′h c0 +1)λ′h c0 >1;

[0048] |Z max |=1 / λ′λ′h c0 >1;

[0049]

[0050] (2) When the load is increased,

[0051]

[0052] In the formula, h w0 The flow rate is Q 0 At 15:00 (before load shedding), the difference between the upstream reservoir water level and the surge chamber water level is in m; h c0 is the head loss caused by the total flow in and out of the surge tank, in m; L is the length of the pressure waterway, in m; f is the area of ​​the pressure waterway, in m 2 ; v0 is the flow rate of the pressure water channel corresponding to Q0, in m / s; F is the large well area of ​​the surge chamber, in m 2 This type of calculation method does not take into account the changes in the unit, cannot accurately reflect the overall situation, and has a large error.

[0053] Another calculation method is to regard the gate well as the hydraulic boundary of the water delivery system of the power station during the feasibility study and subsequent calculations of the hydropower station, and perform calculations based on the characteristic line method. Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 The schematic diagram of a surge chamber is shown. The impedance surge well is solved by the iterative method of the following formula:

[0054]

[0055] In the formula, Q p1 is the diversion tunnel flow rate, in m 3 / s;Q p2 is the pressure pipe flow rate, in m 3 / s;H p1 , H p2 The water head of the pipe pressure measuring tube before and after the pressure regulating chamber of each pipeline, in m; Q s The flow rate of the large well flowing into and out of the surge chamber, in m 3 / s;H sw is the water head of the pressure measuring tube at the bottom of the large well, in m; H s is the water level in the surge chamber, in m; A s is the cross-sectional area of ​​the large well, in m 2 ;H f R is the head loss of the impedance hole in the surge chamber, in m; s is the impedance hole loss coefficient, unit is s 2 / m3 ; The subscript 0 represents the value of the physical quantity at the previous moment.

[0056] By combining the six equations in the formula, we can get:

[0057]

[0058] Let Q s The approximate value of Q s ', let Q s '=Q s0 , Q s0 The flow rate flowing into the surge well at the last moment can be taken. And let |Q s |=|Q s0 '|, so that other parameters can be calculated in turn. However, this calculation method does not take into account the overflow holes of the gate well and the vent hole. When calculating, it simply expands the cross-sectional area at the elevation of the overflow hole, which cannot accurately reflect the overflow phenomenon.

[0059] It can be seen that when dealing with surge problems under complex working conditions, traditional calculation methods often have limitations such as insufficient accuracy, high calculation complexity, and difficulty in fully considering various influencing factors. Therefore, how to improve the surge calculation accuracy of gate wells and improve the safety of gate well design have become technical problems that need to be solved urgently.

[0060] In view of this, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a surge calculation method and related equipment for a hydropower station gate shaft, which takes into account the surge calculation of the gate shaft and the overflow hole at the vent, simplifies the calculation, improves the surge calculation accuracy of the gate shaft, and improves the safety of the gate shaft design.

[0061] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 A schematic flow chart of a surge calculation method for a gate well of a hydropower station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The surge calculation method for a gate well of a hydropower station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can be deployed in a terminal. Figure 4 In the present invention, the surge calculation method 400 for the gate shaft of a hydropower station may further include the following steps.

[0062] In step S410, the operating parameters of the water flow channel of the hydropower station are obtained.

[0063] Among them, a hydropower station can refer to a pumped-storage power station, which is a power station that uses water as an energy storage medium. Its working principle is to store and manage electrical energy through the mutual conversion of electrical energy and potential energy. A pumped-storage power station is generally composed of an upper reservoir, a water delivery system (such as a water flow channel), a plant and a lower reservoir, among which the upper reservoir is used to store energy, and the lower reservoir is used to store the water released during the power generation process. The water delivery system is a transmission channel for the water stored in the power station to flow in both directions between the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir. The gate well can be set at the inlet and outlet of the reservoir to control the inflow and outflow of water and adjust the water level. The gate well is equipped with gates, gate lifts, gate hoists and other equipment, which can ensure the smooth inflow and outflow of water and the safe operation of the power station through precise control and adjustment. The big well usually refers to a larger space in the gate well, which is used to accommodate gates and related equipment. The vents are set at appropriate locations of the large well or gate well to ensure air circulation in the well and prevent the pressure changes caused by water level changes or water flow impact from causing damage to the equipment and structure in the well. Overflow holes can be set at appropriate locations of the gate well to control the water level of the upper reservoir and adjust the storage capacity of the reservoir. Specifically, when the power load is low, the pumped storage power station will use excess electricity to pump water from the lower reservoir to the upper reservoir, convert the electricity into potential energy and store it; when the power load is peak, water is released from the upper reservoir to the lower reservoir to generate electricity, converting the potential energy into electrical energy output. In this process, if the water level of the upper reservoir exceeds the safety limit, it is necessary to open the overflow hole to discharge the excess water flow to ensure the safe operation of the upper reservoir. For example, since the power station does not have an upstream pressure regulating well, there is a problem of high surge in the gate well of the upper reservoir during the hydraulic transition of the power station. An overflow gate well design can be adopted, with overflow holes opened on the breast wall of the gate well to discharge the gushing water during hydraulic transition to the upper reservoir, successfully solving the problem of high surge in the gate well.

[0064] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a hydropower station gate well according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 5 In the embodiment, a gate well may be provided at the water inlet of the water inlet channel of the reservoir, and the gate well may have a gate well overflow hole and a vent hole, and a vent overflow hole may be provided between the vent hole and the gate well. The operating parameters of the water flow channel that can be detected by sensors or measuring equipment may include: the angle θ formed by the line connecting the centroids of each section of the water flow channel and the horizontal plane, the flow area A of the water flow channel, the water flow wave velocity a, the pressure tube head H based on the elevation reference, and the cross-sectional flow rate Q.

[0065] In step S420, the continuity equation and momentum equation of the water flow channel are determined based on the operating parameters.

[0066] Specifically, the characteristic line method can be used to calculate the pressure and flow rate of the pressure pipeline. Considering the elasticity of the water body and the pipe wall, the basic equations of the unsteady flow of a one-dimensional pressurized pipeline are the continuity equation and momentum equation shown in equation (1) and equation (2), including:

[0067]

[0068] Where x is the coordinate distance along the pipe axis from any starting point, in meters; θ is the angle between the line connecting the centroids of each section of the pipe and the horizontal plane (for example, the slope can be set as positive); A is the flow area of ​​the pipe, in meters 2 ; a is the wave velocity, in m / s; H is the pressure pipe head based on the elevation benchmark, in m; Q is the cross-sectional flow, in m 3 / s. For non-prismatic pipes, the area A can be a function of x, so in equation (1) For a prismatic pipe, in formula (1) Equation (1) and (2) are a set of quasi-linear hyperbolic partial differential equations. This system of equations has two real eigenvalues, so it can be solved by the characteristic line method. The commonly used equal time grid is as follows: Figure 6 shown.

[0069] for Figure 6 The calculation nodes shown in the figure can be rewritten into a two-variable linear equation as shown in equations (3) and (4) under the premise of satisfying the Courant stability condition:

[0070] Q P =Q CP -C QP ·H P (3)

[0071] Q P =Q CM +C QM ·H P (4)

[0072] In the formula,

[0073]

[0074] Among them, the subscript 1 represents the characteristic quantity of the pipeline in front of the gate well; if there is a subscript 2, it represents the characteristic quantity of the pipeline behind the gate well. Ap, AL, and AR are the pipeline areas of points P, L, and R in the pipeline, respectively, where points L and R are located on both sides of point P, and the unit is m2; a is the wave speed, and the unit is m / s; H p , H L , H R are the pressure pipe heads based on points P, L and R in the elevation reference pipeline, in m; Q p , QL , Q R They are the cross-sectional flow rates at points P, L and R in the pipeline, in m 3 / s; g is the acceleration of gravity, and f is the comprehensive loss coefficient of the pipeline.

[0075] In step S430, a water level variation model of the gate well and the vent is obtained based on the continuity equation and the momentum equation.

[0076] Specifically, it is assumed that the inertia and along-the-line losses of the water in the gate well and vents can be ignored. The boundary conditions of the gate well with overflow holes and vents are as follows:

[0077] Characteristic line equation C of the water inlet side at the bottom of the gate well + and the characteristic line equation C of the water outlet side at the bottom of the vent - ,include:

[0078] C + : Q P1 =Q CP1 -C QP1 ·H P1 (5)

[0079] C - : Q P2 =Q CM2 +C QM2 ·H P2 (6)

[0080] The continuity equation for the flow at the bottom of the gate well includes:

[0081] Q P1 =Q P2 +Q TP1 +Q TP2 (7)

[0082] In the formula, Q TP1 is the flow into the gate well, Q TP2 is the flow rate into the vent.

[0083] The energy equation for the gate well and vent includes:

[0084] H P1 =H P2 (8)

[0085] Z MP1 =H P1 +ZZ2-ζ s1 Q TP1 |Q TP1 | (9)

[0086] Z MP2 =H P2+ZZ2-ζ s2 Q TP2 |Q TP2 | (10)

[0087] In the formula, H P1 and H P2 is the piezometric head based on the downstream water level; ZZ2 is the downstream water level elevation, ζ s1 and s2 are the impedance loss coefficients of the gate well and the vent, respectively.

[0088] The water level change model of the gate well and vent can include:

[0089]

[0090] In the formula, Q YP1 is the overflow volume of the gate well overflow hole, Q YP2 F is the overflow amount of the vent hole overflow hole, 1 is the gate well area, F 2 is the vent area.

[0091] In step S440, a gate well overflow model of the gate well overflow hole and a vent hole overflow model of the vent hole overflow hole are determined based on the water level change model.

[0092] Specifically, the gate well overflow model of the gate well overflow hole may include:

[0093]

[0094] Where: Z 1 is the bottom elevation of the overflow orifice of the gate well, Z 2 is the top elevation of the overflow orifice of the gate well, μ 1 The discharge coefficient of free weir flow (usually 0.6), μ 2 is the discharge coefficient of the overflow hole of the gate well (generally 0.61-0.62), L M Overflow front perimeter (overflow width), A M It is the orifice area of ​​the overflow hole of the gate well.

[0095] When Z MP1 and Z MP2 The bottom elevation Z of the vent overflow orifice 3 and the top elevation Z of the vent overflow orifice 4 When there are different size relationships, the form of the vent overflow model is shown in Table 1. 3 is the bottom elevation of the vent overflow orifice, Z 4 is the top elevation of the vent overflow orifice, μ 3 The discharge coefficient of free weir flow (e.g. 0.6), μ4 is the flow coefficient of the vent overflow hole (e.g. 0.61-0.62), L s Overflow front perimeter (overflow width), A s is the vent overflow orifice area.

[0096]

[0097] Table 1

[0098] You can make C 1 =Q CP1 / C QP1 , C 2 =1 / C QP1 ,C 3 =Q CM / C QM , C 4 =1 / C QM , then equation (5) and equation (7) can be transformed into:

[0099] H P1 =C 1 -C 2 Q P1 (15)

[0100] H P2 =-C 3 +C 4 Q P2 (16)

[0101] Then from equation (15) and equation (16), we can get:

[0102] C 2 Q P1 +C 4 Q P3 -(C 1 +C 3 )=0 (17)

[0103] We can substitute equation (11) and equation (12) into equation (5) and equation (6), and combine equation (7) and equation (8) to obtain:

[0104] (W 01 +ζ s1 Q TP1 )·Q TP1 +C 2 Q P1 =C 1 -Z MP1-Δt +ZZ2-W 01 (Q TP1-Δt -Q YP1 -Q YP1-Δt +Q YP2 +QYP2-Δt )(18)

[0105] (W 02 +ζ s2 |Q TP2-Δt |)·Q TP2 -C 4 Q P2 =-C 3 -Z MP2-Δt +ZZ2-W 02 (Q TP2-Δt -Q YP2 -Q YP2-Δt ) (19)

[0106] Where W 01 =Δt / (F 1 +F 1-Δt ), W 02 =Δt / (F 2 +F 2-Δt ). To simplify the calculation, we assume that Z MP1 =Z MP1-Δt , Z MP2 =Z MP2-Δt , and then by Z MP1 and Z MP2 With Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 and Z 4 , choose the appropriate expression in equation (12) and equation (13) to calculate Q YP1 and Q YP2 .

[0107] In step S350, the gate well water level in the gate well and the vent water level in the vent are determined based on the gate well overflow model and the vent overflow model to obtain a surge calculation result.

[0108] Specifically, equations (7), (17), (18) and (19) are combined into a formula for finding the four unknown variables Q P1 , Q P2 , Q TP1 and Q TP2 Solving the four-variable linear equation system can obtain these four variables, and then substituting them into other equations and solving other unknowns can obtain the gate well water level Z MP1 and vent water level Z MP2 .

[0109] In some embodiments, method 400 may further include:

[0110] Based on the area-elevation mapping relationship between the gate well and the vent, determine the current water level areas corresponding to the gate well and the vent;

[0111] Compare the current water level area with the historical water level area at the previous moment;

[0112] In response to a difference between the previous water level area and the historical water level area being within a preset error range, it is determined that the surge calculation result is valid.

[0113] In some embodiments, method 400 may further include:

[0114] In response to the difference between the previous water level area and the historical water level area not being within a preset error range, the surge calculation result is repeatedly calculated.

[0115] Specifically, the area-elevation relationship between the gate well and the vent is used to calculate the current water level H. 井 and H 孔 , calculate the corresponding area A respectively 1 and A 2 . The calculated area A 1 and A 2 Compare with the value of the previous moment (or the previous iteration). If the difference between the two areas and the values ​​of the previous moment is less than a certain predetermined error limit (denoted as ∈), it is considered that the water level and the corresponding area at the current moment are accurate enough, and the iteration process ends. If the difference is greater than the error limit, repeat the above steps and use the updated water level for the next iteration calculation. Until the termination condition is met, that is, the difference in area is less than the error limit. When the iteration ends, the water level H at the current moment is output. 井 and H 孔 , and the corresponding area A 1 and A 2 Through continuous iteration, the actual water level and area values ​​can be gradually approached until the predetermined error limit is met, thus ensuring the accuracy of the results.

[0116] See also Figure 7-Figure 9 , Figure 7-Figure 9 An example of surge calculation for a hydropower station gate well according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 7-Figure 9 In the calculation, the surge variation process and extreme values ​​of the vent hole and the gate well overflow hole can be considered based on a pumped storage power station. Table 2 shows the surge calculation results of the gate well under different calculation conditions.

[0117]

[0118] Table 2

[0119] Based on the above calculation results, it can be seen that if the area at the overflow hole is simply enlarged for calculation according to the impedance surge chamber model, the surge calculation result will be greatly affected by the value of the equivalent area, which will cause a large design error. Therefore, the invented surge model that takes into account the overflow of the vent hole and the gate well can correctly reflect the change law of surge waves, has high calculation accuracy, and can be promoted and applied in engineering.

[0120] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for optimizing parameters of a gate well of a hydropower station is also provided, comprising:

[0121] The position and size of the overflow hole of the gate well are determined based on the surge calculation result obtained by the surge calculation method 400 of the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0122] Specifically, the maximum discharge flow required for the overflow hole can be calculated based on the surge calculation results. Based on the capacity of the gate well, the duration of the surge, and the response time of the system, the diameter or area of ​​the overflow hole can be determined to ensure that the design can meet the maximum and minimum flow requirements. For example, based on the surge calculation results, it can be determined whether the surge exceeds the top elevation of the gate well. If it does not exceed and there is a large margin, the height of the gate well can be lowered; if it exceeds the top elevation of the gate well, consider raising the top elevation or increasing the area of ​​the overflow hole; based on the calculation model in the embodiment of the present disclosure, sensitivity analysis can be performed on the parameters of the gate well, vents, and overflow holes, and combined with the project cost analysis, a hydraulic structure design scheme that takes into account both safety and economy can be determined.

[0123] It should be noted that the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure can be performed by a single device, such as a computer or a server. The method of the present embodiment can also be applied in a distributed scenario and completed by multiple devices cooperating with each other. In the case of such a distributed scenario, one of the multiple devices can only perform one or more steps in the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the multiple devices will interact with each other to complete the described method.

[0124] It should be noted that the above describes some embodiments of the present disclosure. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in an order different from that in the above embodiments and still achieve the desired results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0125] Based on the same technical concept, corresponding to any of the above-mentioned embodiments and methods, the present disclosure also provides a surge calculation device for a gate well of a hydropower station, see Fig.10, the surge calculation device of the gate well of the hydropower station, the device comprising:

[0126] An acquisition module, used for acquiring operating parameters of a water flow channel of the hydropower station;

[0127] A momentum module, for determining a continuity equation and a momentum equation of the water flow channel based on the operating parameters;

[0128] A water level change module, used for obtaining a water level change model about the gate well and the vent based on the continuity equation and the momentum equation;

[0129] An overflow module, used for determining a gate well overflow model of the gate well overflow hole and a vent overflow model of the vent overflow hole based on the water level change model;

[0130] A result module is used to determine the gate well water level in the gate well and the vent water level in the vent based on the gate well overflow model and the vent overflow model to obtain a surge calculation result.

[0131] For the convenience of description, the above device is described by dividing it into various modules according to its functions. Of course, when implementing the present disclosure, the functions of each module can be implemented in the same or multiple software and / or hardware.

[0132] The device of the above embodiment is used to implement the surge calculation method of the gate shaft of the hydropower station corresponding to any of the above embodiments, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0133] Based on the same technical concept, corresponding to any of the above-mentioned embodiment methods, the present disclosure also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable the computer to execute the surge calculation method for the gate shaft of a hydropower station as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0134] The computer-readable medium of this embodiment includes permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, and information storage can be implemented by any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, read-only compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device.

[0135] The computer instructions stored in the storage medium of the above embodiment are used to enable the computer to execute the surge calculation method for the gate shaft of a hydropower station as described in any of the above embodiments, and have the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0136] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present disclosure (including the claims) is limited to these examples. Based on the concept of the present disclosure, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity.

[0137] In addition, to simplify the description and discussion, and in order not to make the embodiments of the present disclosure difficult to understand, the known power / ground connections to the integrated circuit (IC) chips and other components may or may not be shown in the provided figures. In addition, the device can be shown in the form of a block diagram to avoid making the embodiments of the present disclosure difficult to understand, and this also takes into account the fact that the details of the implementation of these block diagram devices are highly dependent on the platform on which the embodiments of the present disclosure will be implemented (that is, these details should be fully within the scope of understanding of those skilled in the art). Where specific details (e.g., circuits) are set forth to describe exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented without these specific details or with changes in these specific details. Therefore, these descriptions should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive.

[0138] Although the present disclosure has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments of the present disclosure, many replacements, modifications and variations of these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description. For example, other memory architectures (e.g., dynamic RAM (DRAM)) may use the embodiments discussed.

[0139] The embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A surge calculation method for a gate well of a hydropower station, comprising: Obtaining operating parameters of a water flow channel of the hydropower station; Determining a continuity equation and a momentum equation of the water flow channel based on the operating parameters; Obtaining a water level variation model for the gate well and the vent based on the continuity equation and the momentum equation; Determine a gate well overflow model of the gate well overflow hole and a vent overflow model of the vent overflow hole based on the water level change model; The gate well water level in the gate well and the vent water level in the vent are determined based on the gate well overflow model and the vent overflow model to obtain a surge calculation result.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The water level variation model of the gate well and the vent includes: Among them, Z MP1 is the current gate well water level, Z MP1-Δt is the gate well water level at the previous moment, Z MP2 is the current vent water level, Z MP2-Δt is the vent water level at the last moment, Q TP1 is the current flow into the gate well, Q TP1-Δt is the flow into the gate well at the last moment, Q TP2 is the current flow into the vent, Q TP2-Δt is the flow rate into the vent at the last moment, Q YP1 is the current overflow of the gate well, Q YP1-Δt is the overflow of the overflow hole of the gate well at the previous moment, Q YP2 is the current overflow amount of the vent hole, Q YP2-Δt is the overflow volume of the vent hole at the last moment, Δt is the sampling interval, F1 is the gate well area, and F2 is the vent hole area.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The gate well overflow model includes: Among them, Z1 is the bottom elevation of the gate well overflow orifice, Z2 is the top elevation of the gate well overflow orifice, μ1 is the flow coefficient of free weir flow, μ2 is the flow coefficient of the gate well overflow orifice outflow, L M Overflow front perimeter, A M It is the orifice area of ​​the overflow hole of the gate well.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein: The vent overflow model includes: This Z MP1 <Z3, Z MP2 <Z3 time, Q YP2 = 0; When Z MP1 ≥Z MP2 hour, If Z4 ≥ Z MP1 ≥ Z3, Z MP2 ≤Z3, or Z3≤Z MP1 ≤Z3, Z3≤Z MP2 ≤Z4, If Z MP1 ≥Z4, Z MP2 ≤Z3, then A S =(Z4-Z3)·L s ; If Z MP1 ≤Z4,Z3≤Z MP2 ≤Z4 A S =(Z MP2 -Δt-Z3)·L s , If Z MP1 ≥Z4, Z MP2 ≥Z4, then A S =(Z4-Z3)·L s ; When Z MP1 <Z MP2 hour, If Z4 ≥ Z MP2 ≥ Z3, Z MP1 ≤Z3, or, Z3≤Z MP2 ≤Z4,Z3≤Z MP1 ≤Z4 If Z MP2 ≥Z4, Z MP1 ≤Z3, or, Z MP2 ≥Z4,Z3≤Z MP1 ≤Z4, or Z MP2 ≥Z4, Z MP1 ≤Z y4 ,but Among them, Z3 is the bottom elevation of the vent overflow orifice, Z4 is the top elevation of the vent overflow orifice, μ3 is the flow coefficient of free weir flow, μ4 is the flow coefficient of the orifice outflow of the vent overflow orifice, L s Overflow front perimeter, A s is the vent overflow orifice area.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: Determining a gate well water level in the gate well and a vent water level in the vent based on the gate well overflow model and the vent overflow model to obtain a surge calculation result includes: Q is determined based on the following system of equations P1 , Q P2 , Q TP1 and Q TP2 : (W 01 +ζ s1 Q TP1 )·Q TP1 +C2·Q P1 =C1-Z MP1-Δt +ZZ2-W 01 (Q TP1-Δt -Q YP1 -Q YP1-Δt +Q YP2 +Q YP2-Δt ), (W 02 +ζ s2 |Q TP2-Δt |)·Q TP2 -C4·Q P2 =-C3-Z MP2-Δt +ZZ2-W 02 (Q TP2-Δt -Q YP2 -Q YP2-Δt ), C2·Q P1 +C4·Q P3 -(C1+C3)=0, Q P1 =Q P2 +Q TP1 +Q TP2 , Where W 01 =Δt / (F1+F 1-Δt ), W 02 =Δt / (F2+F 2-Δt ), Z MP1 =Z MP1-Δt , Z MP2 =Z MP2-Δt , C1=Q CP1 / C QP1 , C2=1 / C QP1 ,C3=Q CM / C QM , C4=1 / C QM ; A p , A L , A R are the pipe areas at points P, L and R in the pipe, respectively, where points L and R are located on both sides of point P, in m 2 ; a is the wave speed, unit is m / s; H p , H L , H R are the water heads of the pressure gauges at points P, L and R in the elevation reference pipeline, in m; Q p , Q L , Q R They are the cross-sectional flow rates at points P, L and R in the pipeline, in m 3 / s; g is the acceleration of gravity, and f is the comprehensive loss coefficient of the pipeline; Based on the Q P1 , Q P2 , Q TP1 and Q TP2 Determine the gate well water level Z in the gate well MP1 and the vent water level Z in the vent MP2 , and obtain the surge calculation results.

6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Based on the area-elevation mapping relationship between the gate well and the vent, determine the current water level areas corresponding to the gate well and the vent; Compare the current water level area with the historical water level area at the previous moment; In response to a difference between the previous water level area and the historical water level area being within a preset error range, it is determined that the surge calculation result is valid.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein: Determining the continuity equation and momentum equation of the water flow channel based on the operating parameters includes: Where x is the coordinate distance along the pipe axis from any starting point, in meters; θ is the angle between the line connecting the centroids of each section of the pipe and the horizontal plane; A is the flow area of ​​the pipe, in meters 2 ; a is the wave velocity, in m / s; H is the pressure pipe head based on the elevation benchmark, in m; Q is the cross-sectional flow, in m 3 / s.

8. A surge calculation device for a gate well of a hydropower station, comprising: An acquisition module, used for acquiring operating parameters of a water flow channel of the hydropower station; A momentum module, for determining a continuity equation and a momentum equation of the water flow channel based on the operating parameters; A water level change module, used for obtaining a water level change model about the gate well and the vent based on the continuity equation and the momentum equation; An overflow module, used for determining a gate well overflow model of the gate well overflow hole and a vent overflow model of the vent overflow hole based on the water level change model; A result module is used to determine the gate well water level in the gate well and the vent water level in the vent based on the gate well overflow model and the vent overflow model to obtain a surge calculation result.

9. An electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the program. 10 . A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions are used to cause a computer to execute the method according to claim 1 .

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