River basin ecological scheduling method based on habitat and river flow simulation coupling

Abstract

The invention discloses a watershed ecological scheduling method based on habitat and river flow simulation coupling, and belongs to the field of watershed ecological hydrological management.The method comprises the steps that according to habits of protected species, a water depth suitability index, a flow velocity suitability index and a sediment stability index are set; integrating the water depth suitability index, the flow velocity suitability index and the substrate stability index to obtain a comprehensive suitability index; according to the comprehensive suitability index, defining an effective habitat; the method comprises the following steps: constructing a river two-dimensional hydrodynamic model, simulating and analyzing physical habitats under different flows, counting effective habitat areas under different flows, and establishing a relation curve between the flows and the effective habitat areas; and according to the relation curve between the flow and the effective habitat area, establishing a drainage basin ecological scheduling model, and solving the drainage basin ecological scheduling model to obtain an ecological drainage basin scheduling scheme. The problem that an existing scheduling method cannot effectively balance efficient utilization of water resources and ecological protection is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of watershed eco-hydrological management, and in particular relates to a watershed ecological scheduling method based on coupling of habitat and river flow simulation. Background Art

[0002] In river basin ecohydrological management, habitat protection and efficient use of water resources are two crucial goals. However, traditional river basin management methods often focus on meeting the water needs of human society, such as irrigation, industrial and domestic water use, while ignoring the health and sustainability of river ecosystems. This human-centered management approach has led to the degradation of river ecosystems, including habitat loss, biodiversity reduction and water quality deterioration.

[0003] In recent years, with the rapid development of ecological hydraulics, people have begun to realize the importance of protecting river ecosystems and have tried to integrate ecological principles into river basin scheduling. However, most of the existing ecological scheduling methods are based on simple ecological water demand calculations, lacking a detailed assessment of habitat suitability and comprehensive consideration of efficient use of water resources. Therefore, how to develop a river basin scheduling method that can effectively protect river ecosystems and achieve efficient use of water resources has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a watershed ecological scheduling method based on the coupling of habitat and river flow simulation, which solves the problem that the existing scheduling methods cannot effectively balance the efficient utilization of water resources and ecological protection.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a watershed ecological scheduling method based on the coupling of habitat and river flow simulation, comprising:

[0006] Determine the protected species, and set the water depth suitability index, flow velocity suitability index and bottom stability index according to the habits of the protected species, and synthesize the water depth suitability index, flow velocity suitability index and bottom stability index to obtain a comprehensive suitability index;

[0007] Define effective habitats based on comprehensive suitability indices;

[0008] By constructing a two-dimensional river hydrodynamic model, simulating and analyzing the physical habitat under different flow rates, counting the effective habitat area under different flow rates, and establishing a relationship curve between flow rate and effective habitat area;

[0009] According to the relationship curve between flow and effective habitat area, a watershed ecological scheduling model is established, and the watershed ecological scheduling model is solved to obtain the ecological watershed scheduling plan.

[0010] Furthermore, the setting of the water depth suitability index and the flow velocity suitability index is specifically as follows:

[0011] By constructing a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model of the river, the velocity distribution map and water depth distribution map of the habitat range of the protected species under different flow conditions are simulated and calculated. Based on the habits of the protected species and using the habitat suitability index model, the water depth suitability index curve DHSI~D and the flow velocity suitability index curve VHSI~V are set; among them, DHSI is the water depth suitability index; D is the water depth; VHSI is the flow velocity suitability index; V is the flow velocity.

[0012] Furthermore, the expression of the substrate stability index is:

[0013]

[0014] Among them, BSSI is the bottom stability index.

[0015] Furthermore, the expression of the comprehensive suitability index is:

[0016]

[0017] Among them, GHSI is the comprehensive suitability index; DHSI is the water depth suitability index; VHSI is the velocity suitability index; DHSI max is the maximum possible value of the water depth suitability index; VHSI max is the maximum possible value of the velocity suitability index; BSSI is the bottom stability index; BSSI max is the maximum possible value of the sediment stability index; α, β and γ are all weight coefficients.

[0018] Furthermore, the effective habitat is defined according to the comprehensive suitability index, specifically: a comprehensive suitability threshold is set, and the habitat with a comprehensive suitability index greater than the comprehensive suitability threshold is defined as an effective habitat.

[0019] Furthermore, the objective function of the watershed ecological regulation model includes ecological regulation objectives and ecological efficiency objectives based on habitat protection and restoration:

[0020]

[0021] Among them, max f1 is the ecological scheduling target of the watershed ecological scheduling model based on habitat protection and restoration; Ts is the number of sensitive periods of protection and restoration targets; The average area of ​​effective habitat in the kth sensitive period for protection and restoration goals; A k is the effective habitat area during the kth sensitive period; is the average value; k is the sensitive period index; is the kth sensitive period flow Q k and effective habitat area A k minf2 is the ecological efficiency target of the watershed ecological dispatching model; Qd j,t is the water replenishment flow of j external water sources in the tth period; J is the total number of external water sources; j is the index of external water source; T is the total number of scheduling periods; t is the scheduling period index; Δt is the period step.

[0022] Furthermore, the constraints of the watershed ecological regulation model include the available water replenishment constraint, the water replenishment flow constraint, the reservoir water storage constraint, the reservoir downstream ecological base flow constraint, the minimum sea flow constraint and the minimum effective habitat constraint:

[0023] Wr i ≤Wrin i -Wrsc i +V0 i -VT i

[0024] Wds j ≤Wdsmax j -Wdsc j

[0025] QUR i,t ≤Qrmax i,t

[0026] QD j,t ≤Qdmax j,t

[0027] Vmin i，t ≤V i，t ≤Vmax i，t

[0028] V i,t =V i,t-1 +WI i,t -Wc i,t -Wr i,t

[0029] QUR i,t ≥Qre i,t

[0030] Q t ≥Qse t

[0031] A t ≥A min,t

[0032] t∈T s

[0033] Among them, Wrs iis the water replenishment of the i-th reservoir; Wrin i is the water inflow during the operation period of the i-th reservoir; Wrsc i V0 is the water supply outside the river during the i-th reservoir operation period; i is the initial water storage of the i-th reservoir during the operation period; VT i Wds is the water storage control requirement at the end of the i-th reservoir operation period; j is the water replenishment of the jth external water source; Wdsmax j is the maximum water supply scale of the jth external water source; Wdsc j Wds is the water supply outside the river of the jth external water source; j is the water replenishment of the jth external water source; Wdsmax j is the maximum water supply scale of the jth external water source; Wdsc j Qr is the water supply outside the river of the jth external water source; i,t is the water replenishment flow of the i-th reservoir in the t-th period; Qrmax i,t The maximum water replenishment flow of the i-th reservoir in the t-th period; Qd j,t Qdmax is the water replenishment flow rate of the jth external water source in the tth period; j,t Vmin is the maximum water replenishment flow rate of the jth external water source in the tth period; i，t is the minimum water storage constraint of the i-th reservoir in the t-th period; V i，t Vmax is the water storage capacity of the i-th reservoir in the t-th period; i，t is the maximum water storage capacity constraint of the i-th reservoir in the t-th period; V i,t-1 is the water storage capacity of the i-th reservoir in the t-1 period; WI i,t is the water inflow of the i-th reservoir in the t-th period; Wc i,t Wr is the water supply outside the river at the i-th reservoir in the t-th period; i,t is the ecological water replenishment of the i-th reservoir in the t-th period; Qre i,t Qs is the ecological base flow of the ith reservoir in the tth period; t is the flow into the sea in the tth period; Qse t is the minimum flow into the sea in the tth period; A t A is the effective habitat area formed in the tth period; min，t is the minimum effective habitat area required in period t.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention constructs a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model of the river, simulates and calculates the velocity distribution map and water depth distribution map under different flow conditions, and then sets the suitability index curve of water depth and velocity, and sets the bottom stability index at the same time, so as to achieve a detailed assessment of the suitability of the habitat; the present invention proposes to reduce the amount of external water transfer and improve the efficiency of water resource utilization through scientific ecological scheduling on the premise of meeting the ecological water demand of the estuary. At the same time, by promoting the infiltration of water to replenish groundwater, regional water resources are further conserved, and a win-win development of ecology and economy is achieved. The present invention comprehensively considers these constraints, constructs a multi-objective optimization model, and formulates a scheduling plan that can both improve the allocation efficiency and enhance the ecological benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of the method.

[0036] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the water depth suitability index curve in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the flow rate suitability index curve in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, a watershed ecological scheduling method based on coupling of habitat and river flow simulation includes:

[0040] Determine the protected species, and set the water depth suitability index, flow velocity suitability index and bottom stability index according to the habits of the protected species, and synthesize the water depth suitability index, flow velocity suitability index and bottom stability index to obtain a comprehensive suitability index;

[0041] Define effective habitats based on comprehensive suitability indices;

[0042] By constructing a two-dimensional river hydrodynamic model, simulating and analyzing the physical habitat under different flow rates, counting the effective habitat area under different flow rates, and establishing a relationship curve between flow rate and effective habitat area;

[0043] According to the relationship curve between flow and effective habitat area, a watershed ecological scheduling model is established, and the watershed ecological scheduling model is solved to obtain the ecological watershed scheduling plan.

[0044] The water depth suitability index and flow velocity suitability index are specifically set as follows:

[0045] By constructing a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model of the river, the velocity distribution map and water depth distribution map of the habitat range of the protected species under different flow conditions are simulated and calculated. Based on the habits of the protected species and using the habitat suitability index model, the water depth suitability index curve DHSI~D and the flow velocity suitability index curve VHSI~V are set; among them, DHSI is the water depth suitability index; D is the water depth; VHSI is the flow velocity suitability index; V is the flow velocity.

[0046] The expression of the substrate stability index is:

[0047]

[0048] Among them, BSSI is the bottom stability index.

[0049] The expression of the comprehensive suitability index is:

[0050]

[0051] Among them, GHSI is the comprehensive suitability index; DHSI is the water depth suitability index; VHSI is the velocity suitability index; DHSI max is the maximum possible value of the water depth suitability index; VHSI max is the maximum possible value of the velocity suitability index; BSSI is the bottom stability index; BSSI max is the maximum possible value of the sediment stability index; α, β and γ are all weight coefficients.

[0052] In this embodiment, in order to evaluate the habitat suitability of protected species and determine the corresponding ecological scheduling goals, the construction process is as follows:

[0053] ① Physical habitat analysis: By constructing a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model of the river, the velocity distribution map and water depth distribution map of the protected species habitat range under different flow conditions are simulated and calculated.

[0054] ② Suitability index setting: Based on the ecological habits of the protected species, the water depth suitability index curve DHSI~D and the velocity suitability index curve VHSI~V are set. The curve suitability diagram is as follows: Figure 2 , Figure 3 The specific curve needs to be set according to the actual situation of the selected protected species or obtained through experiments.

[0055] Similarly, the stability of river bottom is crucial to the survival of protected species. In order to evaluate the stability of river bottom, a bottom stability index is set, where the mud ratio factor is a coefficient determined according to the mud ratio. The higher the mud ratio, the larger the factor, indicating that the bottom is more unstable. The specific value can be set according to the actual situation or obtained through experiments.

[0056] The effective habitat is defined according to the comprehensive suitability index, specifically: a comprehensive suitability threshold is set, and the habitat with a comprehensive suitability index greater than the comprehensive suitability threshold is defined as an effective habitat.

[0057] In this embodiment, the GHSI value is divided into different intervals according to the ecological habits of the protected species, and a corresponding assessment level is assigned to each area, as follows:

[0058] GHSI ≥ 0.9: Excellent

[0059] 0.7≤GHSI<0.9: Good

[0060] 0.5≤GHSI<0.7: General

[0061] GHSI < 0.5: Poor

[0062] According to the above assessment levels, if GHSI ≥ 0.5, it can be regarded as an effective habitat for protected species.

[0063] The assessment levels can be adjusted according to actual application and protected species.

[0064] In this embodiment, a relationship curve between flow rate and effective habitat area is established: by repeatedly simulating and analyzing the physical habitat under different flow rates, the effective habitat area under different flow rates is counted, and a relationship curve between flow rate Q and effective habitat area A is established.

[0065] The objective function of the watershed ecological regulation model includes the ecological regulation target based on habitat protection and restoration and the ecological efficiency target:

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] Among them, max f1 is the ecological scheduling target of the watershed ecological scheduling model based on habitat protection and restoration; Ts is the number of sensitive periods of protection and restoration targets; The average area of ​​effective habitat in the kth sensitive period for protection and restoration goals; A k is the effective habitat area during the kth sensitive period; is the average value; k is the sensitive period index; is the kth sensitive period flow Qk and effective habitat area A k minf2 is the ecological efficiency target of the watershed ecological dispatching model; Qd j,t is the water replenishment flow of j external water sources in the tth period; J is the total number of external water sources; j is the index of external water source; T is the total number of scheduling periods; t is the scheduling period index; Δt is the period step.

[0069] The constraints of the watershed ecological regulation model include the available water replenishment constraint, the water replenishment flow constraint, the reservoir water storage constraint, the reservoir downstream ecological base flow constraint, the minimum flow into the sea constraint and the minimum effective habitat constraint:

[0070] Wr i ≤Wrin i -Wrsc i +V0 i -VT i

[0071] Wds j ≤Wdsmax j -Wdsc j

[0072] QUR i,t ≤Qrmax i,t

[0073] QD j,t ≤Qdmax j,t

[0074] Vmin i，t ≤V i，t ≤Vmax i，t

[0075] V i,t =V i,t-1 +WI i,t -Wc i,t -Wr i,t

[0076] QUR i,t ≥Qre i,t

[0077] Q t ≥Qse t

[0078] A t ≥A min,t

[0079] t∈T s

[0080] Among them, Wrs i is the water replenishment of the i-th reservoir; Wrini is the water inflow during the operation period of the i-th reservoir; Wrsc i V0 is the water supply outside the river during the i-th reservoir operation period; i is the initial water storage of the i-th reservoir during the operation period; VT i Wds is the water storage control requirement at the end of the i-th reservoir operation period; j is the water replenishment of the jth external water source; Wdsmax j is the maximum water supply scale of the jth external water source; Wdsc j Wds is the water supply outside the river of the jth external water source; j is the water replenishment of the jth external water source; Wdsmax j is the maximum water supply scale of the jth external water source; Wdsc j Qr is the water supply outside the river of the jth external water source; i,t is the water replenishment flow of the i-th reservoir in the t-th period; Qrmax i,t The maximum water replenishment flow of the i-th reservoir in the t-th period; Qd j,t Qdmax is the water replenishment flow rate of the jth external water source in the tth period; j,t Vmin is the maximum water replenishment flow rate of the jth external water source in the tth period; i，t is the minimum water storage constraint of the i-th reservoir in the t-th period; V i，t Vmax is the water storage capacity of the i-th reservoir in the t-th period; i，t is the maximum water storage capacity constraint of the i-th reservoir in the t-th period; V i,t-1 is the water storage capacity of the i-th reservoir in the t-1 period; WI i,t is the water inflow of the i-th reservoir in the t-th period; Wc i,t Wr is the water supply outside the river at the i-th reservoir in the t-th period; i,t is the ecological water replenishment of the i-th reservoir in the t-th period; Qre i,t Qs is the ecological base flow of the ith reservoir in the tth period; t is the flow into the sea in the tth period; Qse t is the minimum flow into the sea in the tth period; A t A is the effective habitat area formed in the tth period; min，t is the minimum effective habitat area required in period t.

[0081] In this embodiment, an ecological efficiency target is determined: an ecological scheduling target based on efficient use of water resources.

[0082] The basin ecological water dispatching system, with the ecological water network as the core, coordinates the use of local water, recycled water, water diverted from the Yellow River and water diverted from the Yangtze River to meet the water needs of the river ecosystem. However, in this process, we must also face up to a realistic problem: the cost of replenishing water resources from outside is relatively high, which poses a certain economic pressure on long-term water resources management and sustainable development.

[0083] Ecological water replenishment should ensure that the water demand of the ecosystem is met, and it is particularly important to explore strategies to reduce water replenishment costs and improve the efficiency of water resource utilization. Specifically, under the premise that the ecological water volume of the estuary is met, through scientific ecological scheduling, on the one hand, precious water resources will be retained in the river ecosystem, not only to directly support the restoration and protection of the river ecology, but also to promote the infiltration of water to replenish groundwater, further conserve regional water resources; on the other hand, the amount of water transferred to the outside is minimized, effectively reducing the cost of ecological water replenishment. This move can not only significantly improve the utilization efficiency of water resources, but also alleviate the regional water resource tension on a broader level, provide solid support for the win-win development of ecology and economy, and promote the realization of the long-term goal of sustainable development.

[0084] Therefore, the ecological scheduling goal based on efficient use of water resources is clearly to reduce the amount of external water while meeting the ecological water needs of the estuary.

[0085] Determine the constraints: Constraints include constraints on the amount of water that can be replenished, constraints on water replenishment flow, constraints on reservoir capacity, constraints on minimum ecological base flow, and constraints on the minimum effective habitat for protected species.

[0086] ① Constraints on the amount of water that can be replenished

[0087] The replenishment volume of each replenishment water source should not be greater than the replenishable water volume of each water source. The replenishable water volume mainly considers the maximum replenishment volume that can be used for ecological replenishment after deducting the water supply outside the river. Among them, the replenishable water volume of external water sources needs to consider the water supply scale of the water supply project and the water supply demand of cities outside the river; the replenishable water volume of local reservoirs needs to comprehensively consider the reservoir inflow runoff at the end of the future scheduling period, the water supply demand outside the river, and the water storage at the end of the reservoir scheduling period.

[0088] ②Water replenishment flow constraints

[0089] The replenishment flow rate of each replenishment water source should not be greater than the flow constraint of each replenishment water source. Among them, the replenishment water source of external water transfer should consider the maximum surplus water supply flow of the external water transfer project, while considering the flow capacity of the downstream river ecological replenishment; the replenishment flow constraint of the local reservoir should consider the flow capacity of the downstream river ecological replenishment.

[0090] ③Reservoir water storage capacity constraints

[0091] The storage capacity of the water replenishment reservoir at each time period must meet the maximum and minimum water storage capacity constraints.

[0092] Solution process of watershed ecological regulation model:

[0093] First, the boundary conditions are determined, and the water source conditions and ecological base flow are clarified. The water source conditions include the replenishable water volume, replenishment flow, and reservoir storage capacity constraints of each replenishment water source; at the same time, the ecological base flow, minimum flow into the sea, and minimum effective habitat are taken as key constraints.

[0094] Then, optimize the ecological efficiency target. Based on the determined water source conditions and ecological base flow constraints, the river loss model is used to simulate the dynamic changes of river hydrological processes under different scheduling strategies, especially the evolution of water flow after infiltration recharge, until the sea section is previewed. This simulation result is directly fed back to the determination of the amount of external water replenishment, and then the scheduling plan is adjusted and optimized through the single-objective optimization algorithm, striving to maximize the efficiency of water resource allocation under the premise of ensuring ecological safety.

[0095] On the basis of determining the efficiency target, optimize the benefit target. Further optimize the water replenishment process during the sensitive period of protection and restoration targets. On the basis of ensuring the ecological base flow and the minimum flow into the sea, optimize the ecological flow during the sensitive period to meet the needs of the habitat environment during the sensitive period of protection targets.

[0096] At the same time, the model embeds the topological relationship of water flow supply between various water sources, expanding from the optimal scheduling of a single reservoir to the joint optimal scheduling of the river basin. The water supply between water sources adopts the strategy of centralized water transfer to meet the requirements of scheduling management and water collection efficiency.

Claims

1. A watershed ecological scheduling method based on coupling of habitat and river flow simulation, characterized in that: include: Determine the protected species, and set the water depth suitability index, flow velocity suitability index and bottom stability index according to the habits of the protected species, and synthesize the water depth suitability index, flow velocity suitability index and bottom stability index to obtain a comprehensive suitability index; Define effective habitats based on comprehensive suitability indices; By constructing a two-dimensional river hydrodynamic model, simulating and analyzing the physical habitat under different flow rates, counting the effective habitat area under different flow rates, and establishing a relationship curve between flow rate and effective habitat area; According to the relationship curve between flow and effective habitat area, a watershed ecological scheduling model is established, and the watershed ecological scheduling model is solved to obtain the ecological watershed scheduling plan.

2. The watershed ecological scheduling method based on coupling of habitat and river flow simulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water depth suitability index and flow velocity suitability index are specifically set as follows: By constructing a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model of the river, the velocity distribution map and water depth distribution map of the habitat range of the protected species under different flow conditions are simulated and calculated. Based on the habits of the protected species and using the habitat suitability index model, the water depth suitability index curve DHSI~D and the flow velocity suitability index curve VHSI~V are set; among them, DHSI is the water depth suitability index; D is the water depth; VHSI is the flow velocity suitability index; V is the flow velocity.

3. The watershed ecological scheduling method based on coupling of habitat and river flow simulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The expression of the substrate stability index is: Among them, BSSI is the bottom stability index.

4. The method for watershed ecological regulation based on coupling of habitat and river flow simulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The expression of the comprehensive suitability index is: Among them, GHSI is the comprehensive suitability index; DHSI is the water depth suitability index; VHSI is the velocity suitability index; DHSI max is the maximum possible value of the water depth suitability index; VHSI max is the maximum possible value of the velocity suitability index; BSSI is the bottom stability index; BSSI max is the maximum possible value of the bottom stability index; α, β and γ are all weight coefficients.

5. The method for watershed ecological regulation based on coupling of habitat and river flow simulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The effective habitat is defined according to the comprehensive suitability index, specifically: a comprehensive suitability threshold is set, and the habitat with a comprehensive suitability index greater than the comprehensive suitability threshold is defined as an effective habitat.

6. The method for watershed ecological regulation based on coupling of habitat and river flow simulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The objective function of the watershed ecological regulation model includes the ecological regulation target based on habitat protection and restoration and the ecological efficiency target: Among them, max f1 is the ecological scheduling target of the watershed ecological scheduling model based on habitat protection and restoration; Ts is the number of sensitive periods of protection and restoration targets; The average area of ​​effective habitat in the kth sensitive period for protection and restoration goals; A k is the effective habitat area during the kth sensitive period; is the average value; k is the sensitive period index; is the kth sensitive period flow Q k and effective habitat area A k minf2 is the ecological efficiency target of the watershed ecological dispatching model; Qd j,t is the water replenishment flow of j external water sources in the tth period; J is the total number of external water sources; j is the index of external water source; T is the total number of scheduling periods; t is the scheduling period index; Δt is the period step.

7. The method for watershed ecological regulation based on coupling of habitat and river flow simulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The constraints of the watershed ecological regulation model include the available water replenishment constraint, the water replenishment flow constraint, the reservoir water storage constraint, the reservoir downstream ecological base flow constraint, the minimum flow into the sea constraint and the minimum effective habitat constraint: Wrs i ≤Wrin i -Wrsc i +V0 i -VT i Wds j ≤Wdsmax j -Wdsc j Qr i,t ≤Qrmax i,t Qd j,t ≤Qdmax j,t Vmin i，t ≤V i，t ≤Vmax i，t V i,t =V i,t-1 +WI i,t -Wc i,t -Wr i,t Qr i,t ≥Qre i,t Qs t ≥Qse t A t ≥A min,t t∈T s Among them, Wrs i is the water replenishment of the i-th reservoir; Wrin i is the water inflow during the operation period of the i-th reservoir; Wrsc i V0 is the water supply outside the river during the i-th reservoir operation period; i is the initial water storage of the i-th reservoir during the operation period; VT i Wds is the water storage control requirement at the end of the i-th reservoir operation period; j is the water replenishment of the jth external water source; Wdsmax j is the maximum water supply scale of the jth external water source; Wdsc j Wds is the water supply outside the river of the jth external water source; j is the water replenishment of the jth external water source; Wdsmax j is the maximum water supply scale of the jth external water source; Wdsc j Qr is the water supply outside the river of the jth external water source; i,t is the water replenishment flow of the i-th reservoir in the t-th period; Qrmax i,t The maximum water replenishment flow of the i-th reservoir in the t-th period; Qd j,t Qdmax is the water replenishment flow rate of the jth external water source in the tth period; j,t Vmin is the maximum water replenishment flow rate of the jth external water source in the tth period; i，t is the minimum water storage constraint of the i-th reservoir in the t-th period; V i，t Vmax is the water storage capacity of the i-th reservoir in the t-th period; i，t is the maximum water storage capacity constraint of the i-th reservoir in the t-th period; V i,t-1 is the water storage capacity of the i-th reservoir in the t-1 period; WI i,t is the water inflow of the i-th reservoir in the t-th period; Wc i,t Wr is the water supply outside the river at the i-th reservoir in the t-th period; i,t is the ecological water replenishment of the i-th reservoir in the t-th period; Qre i,t Qs is the ecological base flow of the ith reservoir in the tth period; t is the flow into the sea in the tth period; Qse t is the minimum flow into the sea in the tth period; A t A is the effective habitat area formed in the tth period; min，t is the minimum effective habitat area required in period t.

Images