Multi-layer battery module stacking and fixing structure

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of battery module fixing, and particularly to a stacked fixing structure for multi-layer battery modules, including a housing. A partition is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the housing, and a plurality of battery boxes are slidably connected between the partition and the inner wall of the housing. A liquid pump is fixedly connected to the side wall of the housing. A cooling mechanism is provided at the battery box and the housing, and the cooling mechanism is composed of a heat conduction component and a circulation component. The heat conduction component includes a plurality of hollow heat conduction plates, and the heat conduction plates are fixedly connected to the battery boxes through penetration. The circulation component includes a cold liquid cavity and a hot liquid cavity, and both the cold liquid cavity and the hot liquid cavity are opened in the housing. The cold liquid cavity, the hot liquid cavity, and the heat conduction plates are all filled with a coolant. A temperature control mechanism is provided at the housing, and the temperature control mechanism is composed of two sets of overprotection components and one set of control components. The advantages are that the fixing structure of the present invention is more convenient for disassembly and assembly, and has higher safety and stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery module fixation, and particularly to a stacked fixation structure for multi-layer battery modules. Background Art

[0002] It has been a long time since the invention of traditional automobiles. Traditional automobiles generally use gasoline or diesel as the main substances to provide power. The combustion of gasoline and diesel will produce a series of pollutants, and these pollutants will seriously affect the environment after being discharged. Therefore, the development of new energy vehicles is of utmost importance for environmental protection. With the rapid development of new energy vehicles and energy storage systems, the design of battery modules with high energy density and high safety has become the core demand of the industry. To increase the overall capacity of the battery system, a multi-layer battery cell stacking structure is generally adopted in the industry. The single battery cells are integrated into the module through series / parallel methods, and then the battery modules are stacked to obtain a higher overall battery capacity. The multi-layer stacked battery modules require a fixation structure to fix them in new energy vehicles or energy storage systems.

[0003] In the prior art, multi-layer battery modules are usually fixed to the fixation structure as a whole. If a single module needs to be disassembled, it is rather cumbersome and requires overall disassembly. Moreover, the heat dissipation effect of the battery is also average. At the same time, for overheat protection and temperature control, it is generally carried out through sensors and electronic control methods, with poor stability and the working conditions in extreme environments cannot be well controlled. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art, and a stacked fixation structure for multi-layer battery modules is proposed.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A stacked fixation structure for multi-layer battery modules, including a housing, a partition is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the housing, and a plurality of battery boxes are slidably connected between the partition and the inner wall of the housing. A liquid pump is fixedly connected to the side wall of the housing;

[0007] A cooling mechanism is provided between the battery box and the housing. The cooling mechanism is composed of a heat conduction component and a circulation component. The heat conduction component includes a plurality of hollow heat conduction plates, and the heat conduction plates are fixedly connected to the battery box through penetration. The circulation component includes a cold liquid cavity and a hot liquid cavity, and both the cold liquid cavity and the hot liquid cavity are opened in the housing. The cold liquid cavity, the hot liquid cavity, and the heat conduction plates are all filled with a coolant;

[0008] A temperature control mechanism is provided at the housing. The temperature control mechanism is composed of two overprotection components and one control component. The overprotection component includes an installation groove, which is opened in the housing. A first sliding sleeve is fixedly connected between two opposite inner side walls of the installation groove. The first sliding sleeve and the housing are jointly and fixedly connected through a heat conduction sheet. The first sliding sleeve is filled with a phase change liquid. The control component includes a control cavity, which is opened in the housing.

[0009] Furthermore, the heat conduction component further includes a plurality of first tubes. Two adjacent heat conduction plates are fixedly connected through the corresponding first tubes and are communicated through the first tubes. The side walls on the opposite sides of the two heat conduction plates on both sides are respectively fixedly connected through a second tube and a third tube.

[0010] Furthermore, the circulation component includes a plurality of fourth tubes and fifth tubes. Both the fourth tube and the fifth tube are fixedly connected through the housing. The fifth tube extends through and into the hot liquid cavity. The fourth tube is fixedly connected to the output end of the liquid pump. The input end of the liquid pump is fixedly connected to an eighth tube, which extends through and into the cold liquid cavity. The housing is fixedly connected through a refrigerator. The second tube and the fourth tube are hermetically and slidably sleeved. The third tube and the fifth tube are hermetically and slidably sleeved. The housing is fixedly connected through two sixth tubes, and the sixth tubes communicate the hot liquid cavity and the cold liquid cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the overprotection component further includes a first sliding column, which is hermetically and slidably connected to the first sliding sleeve. One end of the first sliding column located outside the first sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to a sliding plate, which is hermetically and slidably connected in the corresponding installation groove. A plurality of second sliding sleeves are fixedly connected to the side wall of the sliding plate. The second sliding sleeves are slidably sleeved with second sliding columns. A spring is fixedly connected between the second sliding column and the second sliding sleeve. One end of the second sliding column located outside the second sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to a conductive plate. Edge blocks are fixedly connected to two opposite side walls of the battery box, and conductive columns are fixedly connected to the side walls of the edge blocks.

[0012] Furthermore, the control component further includes two seventh tubes, which communicate the corresponding installation groove and the control cavity. The seventh tubes are hermetically and slidably connected with a top column. Both the installation groove and the seventh tubes are filled with hydraulic oil. One end of the top column located outside the seventh tube is fixedly connected to an electrode plate. A resistance coil is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the control cavity. The electrode plate is slidably connected with the resistance coil. The resistance coil and the liquid pump are electrically connected through a wire.

[0013] Furthermore, fixing plates are fixedly connected to two opposite side walls of the battery box, and a plurality of stoppers are fixedly connected to two opposite inner side walls of the housing. The fixing plates and the stoppers are jointly threadedly connected with fixing bolts.

[0014] Furthermore, sealing rubber rings are fixedly connected to the side walls of both the second pipe and the third pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the phase change liquid filled in the first sliding sleeve is n-hexane.

[0016] Furthermore, the heat conducting sheet is made of silver alloy material, and the heat conducting plate is made of copper alloy material.

[0017] Furthermore, solenoid valves are arranged in both the fourth pipe and the fifth pipe.

[0018] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. Multiple battery boxes are separately slid into the housing and fixed separately, so that during maintenance, a certain battery module can be separately disassembled and installed, making the fixing structure more convenient during disassembly.

[0020] 2. By circulating the coolant in the heat conducting plate, the coolant can directly enter the battery box for internal circulation, and then better exchange heat with the battery cells inside the battery module, achieving a better heat dissipation effect.

[0021] 3. During the installation of the battery box, the seventh pipe will correspondingly be inserted into the fourth pipe, and the eighth pipe will correspondingly be inserted into the fifth pipe, thus connecting the battery box to the circulation component. When disassembling, the circulation component will be automatically disconnected, so that during disassembly and installation, there is no need to connect and disconnect pipeline structures, further improving convenience.

[0022] 4. During the use of the battery, the temperature of the coolant is introduced into the phase change liquid in the first sliding sleeve through the heat conducting sheet. When extreme overheating may cause spontaneous combustion, the first sliding column will slide, causing the conductive plate to separate from the conductive column, thereby cutting off the power supply of the battery, playing an overheat protection role and improving the safety of the battery.

[0023] 5. During the use of the battery, according to the difference in the temperature of the coolant in the hot liquid cavity and the cold liquid cavity, the sliding distances of the two top columns will be different, and the distance difference is the temperature difference. When the temperature difference is large, it means that the battery dissipates less heat, and at this time, the coolant circulation speed will be slowed down. On the contrary, when the temperature difference is small, it means that the battery dissipates more heat, and at this time, the coolant circulation speed will be accelerated, so that the coolant circulation speed can be automatically controlled according to the heat dissipated by the battery.

[0024] 6. The overheat protection and the control of the coolant circulation speed in the present invention are both realized by physical means, without the assistance of sensors and electronic components, having higher stability, and can operate stably under extreme conditions, further ensuring safety. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the stacked and fixed structure of the multi-layer battery module proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the stacked and fixed structure of the multi-layer battery module proposed by the present invention from another perspective;

[0027] Figure 3 Internal structure schematic diagram of the stacked and fixed structure of the multi-layer battery module proposed by the present invention in a cross-section;

[0028] Figure 4 is Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A in

[0029] Figure 5 Internal structure schematic diagram of the stacked and fixed structure of the multi-layer battery module proposed by the present invention in another cross-section;

[0030] Figure 6 Internal structure schematic diagram of the control cavity in the stacked and fixed structure of the multi-layer battery module proposed by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 is Figure 6 Enlarged view of part B in

[0032] Figure 8 Internal structure schematic diagram of the stacked and fixed structure of the multi-layer battery module proposed by the present invention in a longitudinal section.

[0033] In the figure: 1, housing; 2, partition; 3, battery box; 4, heat conducting plate; 5, stop block; 6, first pipe; 7, second pipe; 8, third pipe; 9, cold liquid cavity; 10, hot liquid cavity; 11, liquid pump; 12, fourth pipe; 13, fifth pipe; 14, sixth pipe; 15, refrigerator; 16, installation groove; 17, first sliding sleeve; 18, heat conducting sheet; 19, first sliding column; 20, sliding plate; 21, second sliding sleeve; 22, second sliding column; 23, spring; 24, conductive plate; 25, side block; 26, conductive column; 27, control cavity; 28, seventh pipe; 29, top column; 30, electrode plate; 31, resistance coil; 32, eighth pipe; 33, fixing bolt; 34, fixing plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] Referring to Figure 1-8 , the stacked and fixed structure of the multi-layer battery module includes a housing 1, a partition 2 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the housing 1, the partition 2 is made of polyurethane material and has good insulation and flame retardant properties, a plurality of battery boxes 3 are slidably connected between the partition 2 and the inner wall of the housing 1, and a liquid pump 11 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the housing 1;

[0035] A cooling mechanism is provided at the battery box 3 and the housing 1. The cooling mechanism is composed of a heat conduction component and a circulation component. The heat conduction component includes a plurality of hollow heat conduction plates 4, and the heat conduction plates 4 are fixedly connected to the battery box 3 through penetration. The arrangement of the heat conduction plates 4 is as Figure 3 shown. It passes through between each battery cell, so as to better take away the heat inside the battery cell. The circulation component includes a cold liquid chamber 9 and a hot liquid chamber 10. Both the cold liquid chamber 9 and the hot liquid chamber 10 are opened in the housing 1. The cold liquid chamber 9, the hot liquid chamber 10, and the heat conduction plates 4 are all filled with a coolant;

[0036] A temperature control mechanism is provided at the housing 1. The temperature control mechanism is composed of two overprotection components and one control component. The overprotection component includes an installation groove 16, and the installation groove 16 is opened in the housing 1. A first sliding sleeve 17 is fixedly connected between two opposite inner side walls of the installation groove 16 (as Figure 5 shown). The first sliding sleeve 17 and the housing 1 are fixedly connected through penetration with a heat conduction sheet 18. The first sliding sleeve 17 is filled with a phase change liquid. The phase change liquid can change the percentage of the gas-liquid two phases according to different temperatures, thereby causing a change in the internal pressure. The control component includes a control chamber 27 (as Figure 7 shown), and the control chamber 27 is opened in the housing 1.

[0037] The heat conduction component further includes a plurality of first pipes 6. Two adjacent heat conduction plates 4 are fixedly connected to the corresponding first pipes 6 through penetration and are communicated through the first pipes 6. The side walls on the opposite sides of the two heat conduction plates 4 located on both sides are respectively fixedly connected to a second pipe 7 and a third pipe 8 through penetration. The coolant passes through the first pipes 6 in each heat conduction plate 4 to take away the heat generated by the internal battery cells, so as to more directly dissipate the heat of the battery cells inside the battery box 3 and improve the heat dissipation effect.

[0038] The circulation component includes a plurality of fourth pipes 12 and fifth pipes 13. Both the fourth pipes 12 and the fifth pipes 13 are fixedly connected to the housing 1 through penetration. The fifth pipes 13 penetrate and extend into the hot liquid chamber 10. The fourth pipes 12 are fixedly connected to the output end of a liquid pump 11. The input end of the liquid pump 11 is fixedly connected to an eighth pipe 32, and the eighth pipe 32 penetrates and extends into the cold liquid chamber 9. A refrigerator 15 is fixedly connected to the housing 1 through penetration. The second pipe 7 and the fourth pipe 12 are hermetically and slidably sleeved. The third pipe 8 and the fifth pipe 13 are hermetically and slidably sleeved. Two sixth pipes 14 are fixedly connected to the housing 1 through penetration (as Figure 8 shown), and the sixth pipes 14 communicate the hot liquid chamber 10 with the cold liquid chamber 9.

[0039] The out-of-warranty component further includes a first sliding column 19, which is hermetically and slidably connected to the first sliding sleeve 17. One end of the first sliding column 19 located outside the first sliding sleeve 17 is fixedly connected to a sliding plate 20. The sliding plate 20 is hermetically and slidably connected in the corresponding installation groove 16. A plurality of second sliding sleeves 21 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the sliding plate 20. A second sliding column 22 is slidably sleeved in the second sliding sleeve 21. A spring 23 is fixedly connected between the second sliding column 22 and the second sliding sleeve 21. One end of the second sliding column 22 located outside the second sliding sleeve 21 is fixedly connected to a conductive plate 24. Edge blocks 25 are fixedly connected to two opposite side walls of the battery box 3. Conductive columns 26 are fixedly connected to the side walls of the edge blocks 25. The conductive columns 26 are connected to the battery cells inside the battery box 3 through wires, and the conductive plate 24 is connected to the main circuit. When the conductive plate 24 contacts the conductive column 26, the battery cells in the battery box 3 will be connected to the circuit. During use, when the battery overheats and may catch fire, the relatively high temperature is directly introduced into the phase change liquid in the first sliding sleeve 17, causing the phase change liquid to quickly vaporize. The pressure in the first sliding sleeve 17 instantaneously increases, causing the sliding plate 20 to slide and driving the second sliding sleeve 21 to slide. The second sliding sleeve 21 drives the second sliding column 22 to slide through the spring 23, and further causes the conductive plate 24 to move and separate from the conductive column 26, thereby disconnecting the battery box 3 and avoiding the risk of spontaneous combustion during continued use, thus greatly improving safety.

[0040] The control component further includes two seventh tubes 28. The seventh tubes 28 communicate the corresponding installation grooves 16 with the control cavity 27. A top column 29 is hermetically and slidably connected to the seventh tube 28. The top column 29 is made of insulating material. The installation grooves 16 and the seventh tubes 28 are both filled with hydraulic oil. One end of the top column 29 located outside the seventh tube 28 is fixedly connected with an electrode plate 30. One electrode plate 30 is fixedly connected to one end of each of the two top columns 29 located outside the seventh tube 28. There are two electrode plates 30 in total. The inner side wall of the control cavity 27 is fixedly connected with a resistance coil 31. The electrode plate 30 is slidably connected to the resistance coil 31. The resistance coil 31 is electrically connected to the liquid pump 11 through a wire. The longer the access length of the resistance coil 31, the greater the resistance value in the access circuit, which will cause the voltage of the liquid pump 11 to decrease, thereby reducing the circulation speed. On the contrary, the circulation speed will increase. During the liquid cooling cycle, the temperatures in the hot liquid cavity 10 and the cold liquid cavity 9 will be introduced into the phase change liquid in the corresponding first sliding sleeve 17 through the heat conducting sheet 18. Different temperatures will cause the phase change liquid to be in different states, thereby causing different pressures in the first sliding sleeve 17. The different pressures will cause the first sliding column 19 to slide out of the first sliding sleeve 17 by different lengths, that is, the sliding distance of the sliding plate 20 is different. The sliding plate 20 then feeds back this sliding distance to the top column 29 through the hydraulic oil. Therefore, when the temperatures in the hot liquid cavity 10 and the cold liquid cavity 9 are different, the sliding distance of the top column 29 is different. The difference in this distance is the temperature difference between the hot liquid cavity 10 and the cold liquid cavity 9. When this temperature is relatively large, it indicates that the heat generated by the battery cell is generally normal and does not cause the temperature in the hot liquid cavity 10 to rise significantly. At this time, the difference in the sliding distances of the two top columns 29 is relatively large, that is, the distance between the two electrode plates 30 is relatively large. At this time, the resistance value of the resistance coil 31 in the access circuit is larger, thereby reducing the pumping speed of the liquid pump 11. On the contrary, when this temperature is relatively small, it indicates that the heat generated by the battery cell is relatively large, causing the temperature in the hot liquid cavity 10 to rise significantly. At this time, the difference in the sliding distances of the two top columns 29 is relatively small, that is, the distance between the two electrode plates 30 is relatively small. At this time, the resistance value of the resistance coil 31 in the access circuit is smaller, thereby increasing the pumping speed of the liquid pump 11, thereby increasing the cooling speed, and then completing the automatic control of the coolant circulation speed, greatly improving the automation degree of the structure.

[0041] It is worth mentioning that both overheat protection and temperature control are realized through traditional physical methods, without the need to use sensors and electronic components as in the prior art, thus having higher stability. Moreover, the traditional physical method of control can also ensure normal operation under extreme conditions (such as possible spontaneous combustion at high temperatures), further improving safety.

[0042] Solenoid valves are provided in both the fourth pipe 12 and the fifth pipe 13. The solenoid valves are normally closed solenoid valves, which are opened when powered on. The solenoid valves are electrically connected to the corresponding two conductive plates 24 through wires. Thus, when the battery box 3 is connected to the fixed structure, the solenoid valves will be powered on and opened. After the battery box 3 is disassembled, when the conductive posts 26 are separated from the conductive plates 24, the solenoid valves will be powered off and closed, thereby realizing that when the battery box 3 is connected to the loop, the loop is conducted, and when the battery box 3 is disassembled, the loop is closed.

[0043] Fixing plates 34 are fixedly connected to the opposite two side walls of the battery box 3, and a plurality of stoppers 5 are fixedly connected to the opposite two inner side walls of the housing 1. The fixing plates 34 and the stoppers 5 are commonly threadedly connected with fixing bolts 33. During the installation process of the battery box 3, the battery box 3 is inserted. The stoppers 5 are used to guide it to ensure correct insertion. During the insertion process, the third pipe 8 is inserted into the fifth pipe 13, and the second pipe 7 is inserted into the fourth pipe 12. At the same time, as the battery box 3 is inserted, the side block 25 drives the conductive post 26 to move, and the conductive post 26 will contact the conductive plate 24, so that the battery cells in the battery box 3 are connected to the main circuit. At the same time, the solenoid valves in the fourth pipe 12 and the fifth pipe 13 will also be opened, thus opening the circulation path. After the insertion is completed, the fixing plates 34 and the stoppers 5 can be connected by the fixing bolts 33. When one of the battery boxes 3 needs to be disassembled, the fixing bolt 33 is removed, and the battery box 3 can be directly pulled out. At this time, the solenoid valves in the fourth pipe 12 and the fifth pipe 13 are powered off and closed, automatically closing the circulation path, and at the same time, it will not affect the normal operation of the battery cells in other battery boxes 3, making the fixed structure of the present invention can be disassembled and installed individually, which is more convenient to use.

[0044] Sealing rubber rings are fixedly connected to the side walls of both the second pipe 7 and the third pipe 8. The setting of the sealing rubber rings can ensure the sealing at the insertion part after the second pipe 7 and the third pipe 8 are inserted into the corresponding fourth pipe 12 and fifth pipe 13.

[0045] The phase change liquid filled in the first sliding sleeve 17 is n-hexane, and n-hexane has a boiling point of 68.95 °C, while the battery operating limit temperature is between 65 °C and 70 °C. By using n-hexane as the phase change liquid, it can quickly undergo a phase change and trigger overheat protection after reaching the limit temperature.

[0046] The heat conducting sheet 18 is made of silver alloy material, and the silver alloy material has better heat conductivity, so as to more stably conduct heat into the phase change liquid, thereby monitoring the temperature. The heat conducting plate 4 is made of copper alloy material, and the copper alloy also has good heat conductivity. Since the number of heat conducting plates 4 is large, using copper alloy can better control the cost while ensuring good heat conduction.

[0047] In the present invention, during the installation process of the battery box 3, the battery box 3 is inserted and guided by the stopper 5 to ensure correct insertion. During the insertion process, the third pipe 8 is inserted into the fifth pipe 13, and the second pipe 7 is inserted into the fourth pipe 12. Meanwhile, as the battery box 3 is inserted, the side block 25 drives the conductive column 26 to move, and the conductive column 26 will contact the conductive plate 24, thereby connecting the battery cells in the battery box 3 to the main circuit. At the same time, the solenoid valves in the fourth pipe 12 and the fifth pipe 13 will also be opened, thus opening the circulation path. After the insertion is completed, the fixing bolt 33 is used to connect the fixing plate 34 and the stopper 5.

[0048] When one of the battery boxes 3 needs to be disassembled, the fixing bolt 33 is removed, and the battery box 3 can be directly pulled out. At this time, the solenoid valves in the fourth pipe 12 and the fifth pipe 13 are powered off and closed, automatically closing the circulation path, and at the same time, it will not affect the normal operation of the battery cells in other battery boxes 3.

[0049] During the working process, the liquid pump 11 circulates the coolant. The coolant is cooled by the refrigerator 15 in the cold liquid cavity 9, and then enters the heat conduction plate 4 through the fourth pipe 12 and the second pipe 7, and passes through each heat conduction plate 4 through the first pipe 6, taking away the heat generated by the internal battery cells. Then, it enters the hot liquid cavity 10 through the third pipe 8 and the fifth pipe 13, and then returns to the cold liquid cavity 9 through the sixth pipe 14 for cooling, thereby realizing the cooling of the battery cells in the way of liquid cooling circulation.

[0050] During the liquid cooling circulation process, the temperatures in the hot liquid cavity 10 and the cold liquid cavity 9 are introduced into the phase change liquid in the corresponding first sliding sleeve 17 through the heat conduction sheet 18. Different temperatures will cause the phase change liquid to be in different states, thereby making the pressures in the first sliding sleeve 17 different. The different pressures cause the first sliding column 19 to slide out of the first sliding sleeve 17 by different lengths, that is, making the sliding distance of the sliding plate 20 different. The sliding plate 20 then feeds back this sliding distance to the top column 29 through the hydraulic oil, so that the temperatures in the hot liquid cavity 10 and the cold liquid cavity 9 are different, making the sliding distances of the top columns 29 different. The difference in this distance is the temperature difference between the hot liquid cavity 10 and the cold liquid cavity 9. When this temperature is relatively large, it means that the heat generation of the battery cells is average and does not cause the temperature in the hot liquid cavity 10 to rise much. At this time, the difference in the sliding distances of the two top columns 29 is relatively large, that is, making the distance between the two electrode plates 30 relatively large. At this time, the resistance value of the resistance coil 31 connected to the circuit is larger, thereby reducing the pumping speed of the liquid pump 11.

[0051] On the contrary, when the temperature is relatively low, it indicates that the heat generated by the battery cell is relatively large, causing a significant increase in the temperature within the heat liquid chamber 10. At this time, the distance difference by which the two top columns 29 slide is relatively small, resulting in a relatively small distance between the two electrode plates 30. At this time, the resistance value of the resistance coil 31 connected to the circuit is even smaller, thereby increasing the liquid pumping speed of the liquid pump 11, improving the cooling speed, and thus completing the automatic control of the coolant circulation speed.

[0052] During use, when the battery overheats and may catch fire, the relatively high temperature is directly introduced into the phase change liquid within the first sliding sleeve 17, causing the phase change liquid to rapidly vaporize. The pressure within the first sliding sleeve 17 instantaneously increases, causing the sliding plate 20 to slide and driving the second sliding sleeve 21 to slide. The second sliding sleeve 21 then drives the second sliding column 22 to slide through the spring 23, further causing the conductive plate 24 to move and separate from the conductive column 26, thereby disconnecting the battery box 3 and avoiding the risk of spontaneous combustion during continued use.

Claims

1. A multi-layer battery module stacking and fixing structure, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: A partition plate (2) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell (1); a plurality of battery boxes (3) are slidably connected between the partition plate (2) and the inner wall of the shell (1); and a liquid pump (11) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the shell (1); A cooling mechanism is provided at the battery box (3) and the shell (1), the cooling mechanism being composed of a heat conduction component and a circulation component, the heat conduction component comprising a plurality of hollow heat conduction plates (4), the heat conduction plates (4) and the battery box (3) being fixedly connected thereto through the heat conduction plates, the circulation component comprising a cold liquid chamber (9) and a hot liquid chamber (10), the cold liquid chamber (9) and the hot liquid chamber (10) being both provided in the shell (1), the cold liquid chamber (9), the hot liquid chamber (10) and the heat conduction plates (4) being all filled with cooling liquid; The shell (1) is provided with a temperature control mechanism, the temperature control mechanism is composed of two groups of over-protection components and one group of control components, the over-protection component comprises a mounting groove (16), the mounting groove (16) is arranged in the shell (1), a first sliding sleeve (17) is fixedly connected between two opposite inner side walls of the mounting groove (16), a heat conducting sheet (18) is fixedly connected to the first sliding sleeve (17) and the shell (1), the first sliding sleeve (17) and the shell (1) are penetrated and fixedly connected, the first sliding sleeve (17) is filled with a phase change liquid, and the control component comprises a control chamber (27), the control chamber (27) is arranged in the shell (1); The heat conduction assembly further comprises a plurality of first tubes (6), the two connected heat conduction plates (4) are all penetrated and fixedly connected with the corresponding first tubes (6), and are communicated through the first tubes (6), and the side walls of the two heat conduction plates (4) on the two sides on opposite sides are respectively penetrated and fixedly connected with a second tube (7) and a third tube (8); The circulation component comprises a plurality of fourth tubes (12) and fifth tubes (13), the fourth tubes (12) and fifth tubes (13) are both fixedly connected to the shell (1), the fifth tube (13) extends through the hot liquid chamber (10), the fourth tube (12) is fixedly connected to the output end of the liquid pump (11), the input end of the liquid pump (11) is fixedly connected to an eighth tube (32), the eighth tube (32) extends through the cold liquid chamber (9), the shell (1) is fixedly connected to a refrigerator (15), the second tube (7) is sealingly and slidably sleeved with the fourth tube (12), the third tube (8) is sealingly and slidably sleeved with the fifth tube (13), the shell (1) is fixedly connected to two sixth tubes (14), the sixth tubes (14) connect the hot liquid chamber (10) with the cold liquid chamber (9); The over-protection component further comprises a first sliding column (19), the first sliding column (19) being sealingly and slidably connected to the first sliding sleeve (17), one end of the first sliding column (19) located outside the first sliding sleeve (17) being fixedly connected to a sliding plate (20), the sliding plate (20) being sealingly and slidably connected in the corresponding mounting groove (16), a plurality of second sliding sleeves (21) being fixedly connected to the side wall of the sliding plate (20), the second sliding sleeves (21) being slidably connected to a second sliding column (22), a spring (23) being fixedly connected between the second sliding column (22) and the second sliding sleeve (21), one end of the second sliding column (22) located outside the second sliding sleeve (21) being fixedly connected to a conductive plate (24), two opposite side walls of the battery box (3) being fixedly connected to side blocks (25), and the side walls of the side blocks (25) being fixedly connected to conductive columns (26).

2. The multi-layer battery module stacking and fixing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control assembly further comprises two seventh tubes (28), the seventh tubes (28) connecting the corresponding mounting grooves (16) with the control chamber (27), the seventh tubes (28) being sealingly and slidably connected to a top column (29), the mounting grooves (16) and the seventh tubes (28) being filled with hydraulic oil, an end of the top column (29) located outside the seventh tube (28) being fixedly connected to an electrode sheet (30), an inner side wall of the control chamber (27) being fixedly connected to a resistance coil (31), the electrode sheet (30) being slidably connected to the resistance coil (31), and the resistance coil (31) being electrically connected to the liquid pump (11) via a wire.

3. The multi-layer battery module stacking and fixing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two opposite side walls of the battery box (3) are fixedly connected with a fixing plate (34), two opposite inner side walls of the housing (1) are fixedly connected with a plurality of stoppers (5), and the fixing plate (34) and the stoppers (5) are threadedly connected with fixing bolts (33).

4. The multi-layer battery module stacking and fixing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side walls of the second tube (7) and the third tube (8) are both fixedly connected with sealing rubber rings.

5. The multi-layer battery module stacking and fixing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change liquid filled in the first sliding sleeve (17) is n-hexane.

6. The multi-layer battery module stacking and fixing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat conducting sheet (18) is made of a silver alloy material, and the heat conducting plate (4) is made of a copper alloy material.

7. The multi-layer battery module stacking and fixing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: Solenoid valves are provided in the fourth tube (12) and the fifth tube (13).

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