Battery management system, management equipment, relay equipment and central equipment

Abstract

The present invention discloses a battery management system, a management device, a relay device and a central device, wherein the battery management system comprises: a management device, the management device is connected to the battery, the management device is used to obtain the battery data of the battery, and generate a battery status signal according to the battery data, the battery data at least includes one or more of current, voltage, temperature and stress; a relay device, the relay device is connected to the management device, and is used to receive and forward the battery status signal transmitted by the management device; a central device, the central device is connected to the relay device, and is used to manage the battery management system according to the battery status signal forwarded by the relay device; wherein, when sending and receiving the battery status signal, the management device, the relay device and the central device communicate in different and non-intersecting communication frequency bands respectively. The battery management system can enable different types of devices to send and receive signals in different communication frequency bands, thereby reducing the channel interference between the relay device and different types of devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery management systems, and in particular to a battery management system, a management device, a relay device and a central device. Background Art

[0002] In the related art, the communication between the battery sampling front end and the system controller of the wireless battery management system has large channel interference during data transmission and poor data transmission quality, thereby affecting the reliability of the system. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one object of the present invention is to provide a battery management system, which can enable different types of devices to send and receive signals in different communication frequency bands, thereby reducing channel interference between a relay device and different types of devices.

[0004] A second objective of the present invention is to provide a management device.

[0005] A third objective of the present invention is to provide a relay device.

[0006] A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a central device.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention provides a battery management system, including: a management device, the management device is connected to the battery, the management device is used to obtain battery data of the battery, and generate a battery status signal based on the battery data, the battery data at least includes one or more of current, voltage, temperature and stress; a relay device, the relay device is connected to the management device, and is used to receive and forward the battery status signal transmitted by the management device; a central device, the central device is connected to the relay device, and is used to manage the battery management system according to the battery status signal forwarded by the relay device; wherein, when sending and receiving the battery status signal, the management device, the relay device and the central device communicate in different and non-overlapping communication frequency bands respectively.

[0008] According to the battery management system of the embodiment of the present invention, the radio frequency band where the battery management system is located is divided into frequency bands, so that the management device, the relay device and the central device respectively send and receive battery status signals or related commands generated according to the battery status signals in different and non-overlapping communication frequency bands, thereby reducing the channel interference between the relay device and the management device and the central device. The battery management system in the present application adds a relay device to alleviate the complexity of data processing and human scheduling of the central device, and divides the radio frequency band where the battery management system is located, so that different types of devices have dedicated frequencies, reduce channel interference between different types of devices, and improve the reliability of the battery management system.

[0009] The second aspect of the present invention provides a management device, comprising: an analog front end, which is connected to the battery and is used to collect battery data of the battery, and the battery data includes at least one or more of current, voltage, temperature and stress; a first communication unit, which sends signals based on a first communication frequency band; a management control unit, which is connected to the analog front end and the first communication unit, and is used to generate a battery status signal according to the battery data, and control the first communication unit to send the battery status signal.

[0010] According to the management device of an embodiment of the present invention, the battery data of the battery is acquired at the analog front end of the management device, and the management control unit of the management device generates a battery status signal according to the battery data, and then controls the first communication unit to send the battery status signal based on the first communication frequency band, thereby realizing the sending of the battery status signal. As a result, the management device and other devices in the battery management system use different communication frequency bands to send the battery status signal, that is, the communication frequencies used by other devices in the battery management system and the management device are different, so that different types of devices have dedicated frequencies and reduce channel interference between different types of devices.

[0011] The third aspect of the present invention provides a relay device, comprising: a second communication unit, the second communication unit is connected to a management device, the second communication unit is used to receive a battery status signal provided by the management device, and send a signal based on a second communication frequency band; a relay control unit, the relay control unit is connected to the second communication unit, and the relay control unit is used to control the second communication unit to send the battery status signal.

[0012] According to the relay device of an embodiment of the present invention, after receiving the battery status signal sent by the management device, the second communication unit is controlled to send the battery status signal based on the second communication frequency band. As a result, the relay device in this application and other devices in the battery management system use different communication frequency bands to send battery status signals, that is, the communication frequencies used by other devices in the battery management system and the relay device are different, so that different types of devices have dedicated frequencies, thereby reducing channel interference between different types of devices.

[0013] The fourth aspect of the present invention provides a central device, comprising: a signal transceiver, the signal transceiver is connected to a relay device, the signal transceiver is used to receive a battery status signal provided by the relay device, and send a signal based on a third communication frequency band; a central control unit, the central control unit is connected to the signal transceiver, and the central control unit is used to control the signal transceiver to send a signal according to the battery status signal.

[0014] According to the central device of the embodiment of the present invention, after receiving the battery status signal sent by the relay device, the central control unit controls the signal transceiver to send a signal based on the third communication frequency band according to the battery status signal. Therefore, the central device in this application and other devices in the battery management system use different communication frequency bands to send signals, that is, the communication frequencies used by other devices in the battery management system and the central device are different, so that different types of devices use dedicated frequencies and reduce channel interference between different types of devices. Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be partially given in the following description, and part will become obvious from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0016] Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a communication frequency band of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of data communication transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 is a structural block diagram of a management device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 is a flow chart of a management device control process according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 is a structural block diagram of a relay device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 is a flow chart of a relay device control process according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 is a block diagram of a central device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Fig. 9 is a flow chart of a central device control process according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Reference numerals:

[0026] Battery management system 100;

[0027] Management device 1; Central device 2; Relay device 3; Battery 4;

[0028] Analog front end 11; first communication unit 12; management control unit 13; signal transceiver 21; central control unit 22; second communication unit 31; relay control unit 32. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary. Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

[0030] Wireless technology is used instead of wired in the BMS (Battery Management System) of HEV (Hybrid Electric Vehicle) / EV (Electric Vehicle), and wireless technology has great advantages in communication. For the accuracy of the battery management system, the battery is equipped with a single-channel AFE (Analog Front End) and a wireless transceiver. In order to consider the energy storage of the battery and the power consumption of the AFE system, the AFE system usually adopts a low-power mode, and the energy radiation of the transceiver is limited in low-power mode. In addition, when hundreds to thousands of wireless AFE systems are connected to the battery management system at the same time, the task scheduling and timeliness of the system are greatly challenged.

[0031] In order to solve the above problems, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a battery management system, which can enable different types of devices to send and receive signals in different communication frequency bands, thereby reducing channel interference between the relay device 3 and different types of devices.

[0032] Reference below Figure 1 The battery management system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described as follows. Figure 1As shown, the battery management system 100 includes: a management device 1 , a central device 2 and a relay device 3 .

[0033] Among them, the management device 1 is connected to the battery, and the management device 1 is used to obtain the battery data of the battery and generate a battery status signal according to the battery data. The battery data includes at least one or more management devices 1 of current, voltage, temperature and stress; the relay device 3 is connected to the management device 1, and is used to receive and forward the battery status signal transmitted by the management device 1; the central device 2 is connected to the relay device 3, and is used to manage the battery management system according to the battery status signal forwarded by the relay device 3; wherein, when sending and receiving the battery status signal, the management device 1, the relay device 3 and the central device 2 communicate in different and non-overlapping communication frequency bands.

[0034] Specifically, the existing battery management system does not describe the channel interference and channel selection between other devices and the relay device. Therefore, the channel interference between the devices in the system is extremely large when transmitting data, which affects the reliability of the system. In order to solve this problem, the management device 1, the relay device 3 and the central device 2 in the present application respectively operate in different and non-intersecting communication frequency bands, so that different types of devices operate in different communication frequency bands, thereby reducing the channel interference between the relay device 3 and different types of devices. That is, the management device 1 obtains the battery data of the battery and generates a battery status signal based on the battery data, wherein the battery data includes at least one or more of current, voltage, temperature and stress, and the battery status signal is one or more of current signal, voltage signal, temperature signal and stress signal, and then sends the battery status signal to the relay device 3. After receiving the battery status signal, the relay device 3 forwards it to the central device 2, that is, the relay device 3 transfers the communication data between the management device 1 and the central device 2, and the central device 2 includes a calculation function and an execution function to manage the battery management system according to the battery status signal forwarded by the relay device 3, that is, to generate a corresponding battery status signal according to the battery status signal. The command is sent to the relay device 3 to manage the relay device 3, or the relay device 3 generates a corresponding command according to the battery status signal and sends it to the management device 1 to manage the management device 1, and when sending and receiving the battery status signal, the management device 1, the relay device 3 and the central device 2 communicate in different and non-intersecting communication frequency bands, that is, the radio frequency band where the battery management system 100 is located is divided into frequency bands, so that the management device 1, the relay device 3 and the central device 2 respectively send and receive battery status signals in different and non-intersecting communication frequency bands, that is, the communication frequencies between the management device 1, the relay device 3 and the central device 2 are different, thereby reducing the channel interference between the relay device 3 and the management device 1 and the central device 2. Therefore, compared with the existing battery management system that crosses two communication channels when there is interference in the channel, the battery management system 100 in the present application adds a relay device 3 to alleviate the complexity of data processing and human scheduling of the central device 2, and divides the radio frequency band where the battery management system 100 is located, so that different types of devices are dedicated to their own frequencies, reducing channel interference between different types of devices, and improving the reliability of the battery management system 100.

[0035] According to the battery management system 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, the radio frequency band where the battery management system 100 is located is divided into frequency bands, so that the management device 1, the relay device 3 and the central device 2 respectively send and receive battery status signals or related commands generated according to the battery status signals in different and non-intersecting communication frequency bands, thereby reducing the channel interference between the relay device 3 and the management device 1 and the central device 2. Therefore, compared with the existing battery management system that cross-uses two communication channels when there is interference in the channel, the battery management system 100 in the present application adds a relay device 3, alleviates the complexity of data processing and human scheduling of the central device 2, and divides the radio frequency band where the battery management system 100 is located, so that different types of devices have dedicated frequencies, reduce channel interference between different types of devices, and improve the reliability of the battery management system 100.

[0036] In some embodiments, the relay device 3 is connected to multiple management devices 1 , and each management device 1 can only be connected to one relay device 3 , and the central device 2 is connected to multiple relay devices 3 .

[0037] In some embodiments, in order to reduce co-channel interference and adjacent channel interference in the same period, the management device 1, central device 2 and relay device 3 of the battery management system are divided into different frequency bands, and the communication frequencies between different types of devices are different, thereby reducing communication interference. In this application, the ISM (Industrial Scientific Medical) frequency band is divided into a first communication frequency band, a second communication frequency band and a third communication frequency band. All management devices 1 use the first communication frequency band to wirelessly send signals, all relay devices 3 use the second communication frequency band to wirelessly send signals, and the central device 2 uses the third communication frequency band to wirelessly send signals. Among them, the first communication frequency band, the second communication frequency band and the third communication frequency band belong to the ISM frequency band. Therefore, in this application, the radio frequency band where the battery management system is located is divided into frequency bands so that different devices use different communication frequency bands to send signals, so that different types of devices use dedicated frequencies and reduce channel interference between different types of devices.

[0038] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the first communication frequency band M, the second communication frequency band R and the third communication frequency band C are continuous different frequency bands, thereby avoiding adjacent channel interference and being able to make full use of channel resources.

[0039] In an embodiment, the first communication frequency band M, the second communication frequency band R and the third communication frequency band C are discontinuous different frequency bands.

[0040] In some embodiments, the battery status signal includes a heartbeat data signal, and the management device 1 is further specifically used to generate a heartbeat data signal based on the battery data when the battery data meets the normal status transmission conditions, and send the heartbeat data signal to the relay device 3 through the first communication frequency band M.

[0041] Specifically, the management device 1 collects battery data in real time and determines whether the battery data meets the normal state transmission conditions, wherein the normal state transmission conditions can be understood as the conditions under which the battery is in a normal state, that is, the battery data is used to determine whether the battery is normal. When the battery data meets the normal state transmission conditions, a heartbeat data signal is generated according to the battery data, and the heartbeat data signal is sent to the relay device 3 through the first communication frequency band M. Thus, the heartbeat data signal is sent to the relay device 3 through the first communication frequency band M, so that different types of devices have dedicated frequencies, thereby reducing channel interference between different types of devices and improving the reliability of the battery management system.

[0042] Exemplarily, the heartbeat data signal is a signal emitted by integrating the data signals collected by the management device 1. For example, if the battery data is voltage data, the heartbeat data signal generated by the voltage data is a voltage data signal; if the battery data is current data, the heartbeat data signal generated by the current data is a current data signal; if the battery data is temperature data, the heartbeat data signal generated by the temperature data is a temperature data signal.

[0043] In some embodiments, when the management device 1 determines that the battery data meets the normal state transmission conditions, it generates a heartbeat data signal according to the battery data, and sends the heartbeat data signal to the relay device 3 through the first communication frequency band M. After receiving the heartbeat data signal sent by the management device 1, the relay device 3 uses the first sub-band R1 in the second communication frequency band R to send the heartbeat data signal to the central device 2. Thus, the heartbeat data signal is sent to the central device 2 through the first sub-band R1, so that different types of devices use dedicated frequencies, thereby reducing channel interference between different types of devices and improving the reliability of the battery management system.

[0044] In some embodiments, the normal state transmission condition includes at least any one of the following: the battery voltage is within a normal voltage range, the battery temperature is within a normal temperature range, the battery current is within a normal current range, and the battery stress is within a normal stress range.

[0045] Specifically, the management device 1 collects battery data in real time and determines whether the battery data meets the normal state transmission conditions, where the battery data can be current, voltage, temperature and stress, that is, determines whether the battery voltage is within the normal voltage range. If the battery voltage is within the normal voltage range, a corresponding heartbeat data signal is generated based on the battery data, i.e., the voltage, and a heartbeat data signal corresponding to the voltage is sent to the relay device 3 through the first communication frequency band M; or determines whether the battery temperature is within the normal temperature range. If the battery temperature is within the normal temperature range, a corresponding heartbeat data signal is generated based on the battery data, i.e., the temperature, and a heartbeat data signal corresponding to the temperature is sent to the relay device 3 through the first communication frequency band M; or determines Whether the battery current is within the normal current range, if the battery current is within the normal current range, a corresponding heartbeat data signal is generated based on the battery data, i.e., the current, and the heartbeat data signal corresponding to the current is sent to the relay device 3 through the first communication frequency band M; or whether the battery stress is within the normal stress range is determined, if the battery stress is within the normal stress range, a corresponding heartbeat data signal is generated based on the battery data, i.e., the stress, and the heartbeat data signal corresponding to the stress is sent to the relay device 3 through the first communication frequency band M, thereby sending the heartbeat data signal to the relay device 3 through the first communication frequency band M, so that different types of devices have dedicated frequencies, thereby reducing channel interference between different devices and improving the reliability of the battery management system.

[0046] In some embodiments, the battery status signal also includes a first specific status signal, and the management device 1 is also specifically used to generate the first specific status signal according to the battery data when the battery data meets the signal priority transmission condition, and send the first specific status signal to the relay device 3 through the first communication frequency band M.

[0047] Specifically, the management device 1 collects battery data in real time and determines whether the battery data meets the signal priority transmission condition, that is, it determines whether the battery is normal through the battery data. When the battery data meets the signal priority transmission condition, the priority transmission condition can be that the battery is in an abnormal state, that is, the battery abnormality is determined through the battery data. At this time, the information about the abnormal battery state is sent first, and a first specific state signal about the battery is generated according to the battery data, and the first specific state signal is sent to the relay device 3 through the first communication frequency band M, so that different types of devices have dedicated frequencies, thereby reducing channel interference between different devices and improving the reliability of the battery management system.

[0048] In some embodiments, when the management device 1 determines that the battery data meets the signal priority transmission conditions, it generates a first specific status signal about the battery based on the battery data, and sends the first specific status signal to the relay device 3 through the first communication frequency band M. After receiving the first specific status signal sent by the management device 1, the relay device 3 uses the second sub-band R2 in the second communication frequency band R to send the first specific status signal to the central device 2, so that different types of devices have dedicated frequencies, thereby reducing channel interference between different devices and improving the reliability of the battery management system.

[0049] In some embodiments, the signal priority transmission condition includes at least any one of the following: the battery voltage is not within the normal voltage range, the battery temperature is not within the normal temperature range, the battery current is not within the normal current range, and the battery stress is not within the normal stress range.

[0050] Specifically, the management device 1 collects battery data in real time and determines whether the battery data meets the signal priority transmission condition. For example, if the battery data is the temperature of the battery, if it is determined that the temperature of the battery is not in the normal temperature range, then the first specific state signal about the abnormal battery temperature is generated according to the battery data, that is, the temperature; or if the battery data is the voltage of the battery, if it is determined that the voltage of the battery is not in the normal voltage range, then the first specific state signal about the abnormal battery voltage is generated according to the battery data, that is, the voltage; or if the battery data is the current of the battery, if it is determined that the current of the battery is not in the normal current range, then the first specific state signal about the abnormal battery current is generated according to the battery data, that is, the current of the battery; or if the battery data is the stress of the battery, if it is determined that the stress of the battery is not in the normal stress range, then the first specific state signal about the abnormal battery stress is generated according to the battery data, that is, the stress, thereby generating and sending the first specific state signal about the abnormal battery data when the battery data meets the signal priority transmission condition, that is, when the battery data is abnormal. Thus, the first specific state signal is sent to the relay device 3 through the first communication frequency band M, so that different types of devices are dedicated to specific frequencies, thereby reducing channel interference between different channels and improving the reliability of the battery management system.

[0051] In some embodiments, the relay device 3 is further used to use the second sub-band R2 in the second communication frequency band R to send a second specific state signal to the central device 2, wherein the second specific state signal is a signal sent after conversion by the relay device 3, and the second specific state signal includes at least one or more of the access binding signal of the management device 1, the state alarm signal of the management device 1, the state alarm signal of the relay device 3, and the subnet state signal. Among them, the access binding signal is the binding information required for the management device 1 to access the central device 2, and the state alarm signal of the management device 1, such as a short circuit alarm signal or an over-temperature alarm signal.

[0052] In some embodiments, the central device 2 is used to generate a subnet broadcast signal based on the battery status signal or the second specific status signal, wherein the subnet broadcast signal is a signal for the management device 1 to manage the battery or a signal for managing the access status of the management device 1 or a signal for managing the status of the relay device 3 or a signal for the subnet status, and the subnet broadcast signal is sent to the relay device 3 via the third communication frequency band C, so that different types of devices have dedicated frequencies, thereby reducing channel interference between different devices and improving the reliability of the battery management system.

[0053] In some embodiments, after receiving the subnet broadcast signal sent by the central device 2, the relay device 3 uses the second sub-band R2 in the second communication frequency band R to send the subnet broadcast signal to the management device 1 to manage each management device 1 according to the subnet broadcast signal.

[0054] In some embodiments, the relay device 3 uses the third sub-band R3 in the second communication frequency band R to send a wake-up signal to the central device 2, and the wake-up signal is used to instruct the central device 2 to receive the first specific state signal or the second specific state signal. Specifically, the relay device 3 uses the third sub-band R3 in the second communication frequency band R to send the wake-up signal to the central device 2, and the central device 2 wakes up the signal receiver of the central device 2 when receiving the wake-up signal, so that the signal receiver can receive the first specific state signal transmitted by the relay device 3 through the second sub-band R1 or the second specific state signal transmitted through the second sub-band R2.

[0055] Therefore, in the present application, the radio frequency band where the battery management system is located is divided into frequency bands, that is, the ISM frequency band is divided into a first communication frequency band M, a second communication frequency band R and a third communication frequency band C. The management device 1 sends a heartbeat data signal to the relay device 3 through the first communication frequency band M, and the relay device 3 sends a heartbeat data signal to the central device 2 through the first sub-band R1 in the second communication frequency band R; and the management device 1 sends a first specific state signal to the relay device 3 through the first communication frequency band M, and the relay device 3 uses the second sub-band R2 in the second communication frequency band R to send a specific state signal to the central device 2 and a subnet broadcast signal to the management device 1; the relay device 3 uses the third sub-band R3 in the second communication frequency band R to send a wake-up signal to the central device 2; the central device 2 sends a subnet broadcast signal to the relay device 3 through the third communication frequency band C, that is, different devices use different communication frequency bands to send signals, so that different types of devices have dedicated frequencies and reduce channel interference between different types of devices.

[0056] In some embodiments, Figure 2As shown, the first sub-band R1, the second sub-band R2 and the third sub-band R3 in the second communication frequency band R are continuous different frequency bands, thereby avoiding adjacent channel interference and being able to utilize channel resources to a great extent.

[0057] In some embodiments, the relay device 3 is connected to multiple management devices 1, the central device 2 is connected to multiple relay devices 3, and each relay device 3 forms a subnet with multiple management devices 1 correspondingly connected to the relay device 3. Each relay device 3 is used to transmit signals collected by all management devices 1 in the corresponding subnet, monitor the connection status between the management devices 1 in the subnet, and manage the management device 1 and the parameter adjustment in the subnet.

[0058] In some embodiments, since there are a large number of management devices 1 in the battery management system, if a work scheduling strategy is not set for all management devices 1, the battery management system will be full of wireless signal interference and co-frequency interference, which will cause the relay device 3 to be unable to effectively extract the correct data of the management device 1, further affecting the battery management system estimation. In order to avoid the above-mentioned dense co-frequency band signals, during the transmission of the heartbeat data signal by all management devices 1, in the subnet, the management device 1 sends the heartbeat data signal to the relay device 3 through the first communication frequency band M according to the synchronous time division multiple access strategy, so that the signals are transmitted between subnets and between management devices 1 at staggered peaks, and the mutual influence of the same / adjacent channels is reduced at the same time, so as to effectively ensure that the relay device 3 effectively extracts the correct data of the management device 1, avoid affecting the battery management system estimation, and the use of the synchronous time division multiple access strategy can achieve high real-time and high reliability of the system.

[0059] In some embodiments, the relay device 3 sends a heartbeat data signal to the central device 2 through the first sub-band R1 according to the synchronous time division multiple access strategy, so that the signals are transmitted at staggered peaks between multiple relay devices 3, and the mutual influence of the same / adjacent channels is reduced at the same time, effectively ensuring that the central device can effectively extract the correct data of the management device 1, and the use of the synchronous time division multiple access strategy can achieve high real-time and high reliability of the system.

[0060] In some embodiments, if a management device 1 in the same subnet generates a first specific state signal, the first specific state signal is sent through a carrier sense multiple access / collision detection strategy, that is, at the same time point, only one management device 1 is allowed to send the first specific state signal in a single subnet, that is, the relay device 3 divides the signal sending time slots for each management device 1 in the subnet to send the first specific state signal according to equal time slot lengths, and then each management device 1 in the subnet starts from the current signal sending time slot and sends the first specific state signal in sequence according to the signal generation order of each management device 1 assigned by the relay device 3, and the management device 1 obtains the current signal sending time slot and the next signal sending time slot configured in the subnet, as well as the corresponding configured sending time slot of the management device 1. The target signal sending time slot corresponding to the first specific state signal is sent. After the management device 1 generates the first specific state signal according to the battery data, it determines whether the current signal sending time slot is the target signal sending time slot. If the current signal sending time slot is not the target signal sending time slot, and the relay device is receiving other signals at this time, then after waiting for the current signal sending time slot to end, control other management devices corresponding to the next signal sending time slot to delay sending, that is, control the management device 1 to occupy the next signal sending time slot to send the first specific state signal to the relay device 3. If it is determined that the current signal sending time slot is the target signal sending time slot, and the relay device does not receive other signals at this time, then control the management device 1 to send the first specific state signal to the relay device 3 in the current signal sending time slot. In this way, the transmission of the first specific state signal is realized, ensuring the complete transmission of the specific state signal.

[0061] In some embodiments, the relay device 3 sends a specific status signal through a carrier sense multiple access / collision detection strategy, that is, at the same time point, only one relay device 3 is allowed to send a specific status signal. Figure 3As shown, the central device 2 divides the device transmission time slots for each relay device 3 to send a specific status signal according to equal time slot lengths, that is, the central device 2 divides n device transmission time slots according to equal time slot lengths, the device transmission time slot divided by relay device 1 is time slot 1, the device transmission time slot divided by relay device 2 is time slot 2, and so on, the device transmission time slot divided by relay device n is time slot n, and then starting from the current device transmission time slot, the specific status signal is sent in sequence according to the signal generation order of each relay device 3 assigned by the central device 2, that is, relay device 1 sends a specific status signal to central device 2 in time slot 1, relay device 2 sends a specific status signal to central device 2 in time slot 2, and so on, relay device n sends a specific status signal to central device 2 in time slot n, so as to complete the specific status signal polling transmission, based on this, relay device 3 obtains the current device transmission time slot configured by central device 2 and the next A device sends a time slot, and obtains the target device sending time slot configured corresponding to the relay device 3. After receiving the first specific state signal or the second specific state signal, it is determined whether the current device sending time slot is the target device sending time slot to determine whether the central device 2 receives other signals such as heartbeat data signals. If the current device sending time slot is not the target device sending time slot, it means that the central device 2 is receiving other signals. After waiting for the current device sending time slot to end, the relay device 3 corresponding to the next device sending time slot is controlled to delay sending, and the relay device 3 is controlled to send the first specific state signal or the second specific state signal to the central device 2 in the next device sending time slot; if it is determined that the current device sending time slot is the target device sending time slot, and the central device 2 does not receive the signal at this time, the relay device 3 is controlled to send the first specific state signal or the second specific state signal to the central device 2 in the current device sending time slot. In this way, the transmission of the specific state signal is realized, and the complete transmission of the specific state signal is ensured.

[0062] In some embodiments, before sending the heartbeat data signal to the central device 2, the relay device 3 is also used to perform orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) on the heartbeat data signal to convert the heartbeat data signal into an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing carrier signal, so as to increase the information capacity of each symbol, thereby reducing the heartbeat data signal transmission time, improving the efficiency of the battery management system, and achieving a high-frequency update rate of data in the battery management system. In addition, since the amount of data of the specific status signal sent by the relay device 3 to the central device 2 is small, it does not need to be modulated by orthogonal frequency division multiplexing carrier.

[0063] In some embodiments, the central device 2 includes a signal transceiver 21, and the signal transceiver 21 includes: a first data channel. The first data channel is used to receive the heartbeat data signal transmitted by the relay device 3, that is, the central device 2 wirelessly transmits and receives signals through the third communication frequency band C, that is, the central device 2 receives the heartbeat data signal transmitted by the relay device 3 through the first data channel, and the first data channel is configured as a low power consumption mode, that is, the central device 2 establishes a low power consumption protocol with the relay device 3 and the management device 1 and agrees on the working time. The central device 2 will only work during the working time and is in a dormant state at other times, thereby reducing the power consumption of the central device 2.

[0064] In some embodiments, the central device 2 includes a signal transceiver 21, and the signal transceiver 21 includes: a second data channel. The second data channel is used to receive the first specific state signal, that is, the central device 2 receives the first specific state signal or the second specific state signal sent by the relay device 3 through the second data channel, and the second data channel determines the order of receiving the specific state signal according to the access priority, that is, according to the time when each relay device 3 sends the specific state signal to the signal receiver. If the second data channel is occupied by a certain relay device 3, other relay devices 3 execute the avoidance strategy.

[0065] In some embodiments, the second data channel is configured in a sleep state, and the second data channel switches from the sleep state to the working state when receiving an active communication signal sent by the central device 2 or a wake-up signal sent by the relay device 3, thereby reducing the power consumption of the central device 2.

[0066] Specifically, when the battery is in an abnormal condition, the frequency of generating a specific state signal is low, so the second data channel is configured to be in a dormant state, that is, the second data channel is in a dormant state for a long time, and the relay device 3 uses the third sub-band R3 in the second communication frequency band R to send a wake-up signal to the central device 2. When the second data channel receives the active communication signal sent by the central device 2, the central device 2 has a special signal communication requirement at this time, and then the second data channel and the signal transceiver 21 are activated and maintained for a fixed time, that is, the second data channel is switched from the dormant state to the working state, until the communication ends or the time ends to close the second data channel, or when the relay device 3 sends a wake-up signal, the relay device 3 has a communication requirement at this time, and a certain specific preamble frequency band signal is added before the signal flow, thereby waking up the second data channel, and the second data channel is switched from the dormant state to the working state. When the second data channel does not receive the wake-up signal or the active communication signal, the second data channel does not receive the specific state signal transmitted by the relay device 3 through the first sub-band R1. Therefore, the second data channel is intelligently activated according to the wake-up signal or the active communication signal, thereby reducing the power consumption of the central device 2.

[0067] In some embodiments, the relay device 3 includes: a storage unit and a modulation unit. The storage unit is used to store the heartbeat data signal, the first state signal and / or the second specific state signal sent by the management device 1; the modulation unit is connected to the storage unit, and the modulation unit is used to perform orthogonal frequency division multiplexing carrier modulation on the heartbeat data signal. That is to say, the storage unit of the relay device 3 stores the heartbeat data signal sent by each management device 1, and the modulation unit of the relay device 3 performs orthogonal frequency division multiplexing carrier modulation on the heartbeat data signal to convert the heartbeat data signal into an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing carrier signal, so as to improve the information capacity carried by each symbol, thereby reducing the sending time of the heartbeat data signal, improving the efficiency of the battery management system, and realizing a high-frequency update rate of data in the battery management system.

[0068] In addition, when the relay device 3 receives the specific state signal sent by the management device 1 in the current time slice, the specific state signal may be voltage, current, temperature, stress, etc., the specific state signal is converted into parallel data and sent to the modulation unit.

[0069] In the embodiment, since the same management device 1 has only one transceiver, it can only receive one signal at the same time. Based on this, at the current moment, the management device 1 in the subnet transmits a heartbeat data signal to the relay device 3. If a management device 1 in the same subnet generates a first specific state signal in the transmitted data, then after the heartbeat data signal sent by another management device 1 is transmitted in the corresponding time slot, the first specific state signal generated by the management device 1 is sent to the relay device 3 again in the next time slot. After the first specific state signal is sent, each relay device 3 continues to transmit the heartbeat data signal in the corresponding time slot in turn. After receiving the first specific state signal, the relay device 3 forwards it to the central device 2 through the second sub-frequency band R2. In addition, Figure 3 As shown, the management device 1 in all subnets completes the heartbeat data signal polling transmission before the end of the current signal sending time slot n; at the beginning of the next signal sending time slot n+1 of the current signal sending time slot, the bound relay device 3CMS#nm of the above subnet starts data processing and completes the conversion before the end of time slot n+1; at the beginning of time slot n+2, the target relay device 3 starts sending the processed data and completes the transmission before the end of time slot n+2.

[0070] In the embodiment, when the relay device 3 sends the heartbeat data signal, the central device 2 sends the sub-network integration data in the time slots divided into equal lengths in sequence according to the order assigned by the relay device 3 .

[0071] A second aspect of the present invention provides a management device 1, such as Figure 4 As shown, the management device 1 includes: an analog front end 11, a first communication unit 12 and a management control unit 13.

[0072] Among them, the analog front end 11 is connected to the battery 4, and is used to collect battery data of the battery, and the battery data includes at least one or more of current, voltage, temperature and stress; the first communication unit 12 sends signals based on the first communication frequency band M; the management control unit 13 is connected to the analog front end 11 and the first communication unit 12, and the management control unit 13 is used to generate a battery status signal according to the battery data, and control the first communication unit 12 to send the battery status signal.

[0073] Specifically, the channel interference and channel selection between devices are not described in the existing battery management system. In order to solve this problem, the management device 1 and other devices in the battery management system in the present application operate in different and non-intersecting communication frequency bands, so that different types of devices operate in different communication frequency bands. That is, the analog front end 11 of the management device 1 obtains the battery data of the battery, and the management control unit 13 of the management device 1 generates a battery status signal according to the battery data, wherein the battery data includes at least one or more of current, voltage, temperature and stress, and the battery status signal is one or more of current signal, voltage signal, temperature signal and stress signal, and then controls the first communication unit 12 to send the battery status signal based on the first communication frequency band M, for example, sending the battery status signal to the relay device 3, thereby, the management device 1 in the application sends the battery status signal through the first communication frequency band M, that is, the management device 1 and other devices in the battery management system 100 use different communication frequency bands to send the battery status signal, that is, the communication frequencies used by other devices in the battery management system 100 and the management device 1 are different, so that different types of devices are dedicated to their own frequencies, thereby reducing channel interference between different types of devices. In addition, the management device 1 can also adjust and transmit the parameters of the single-channel wireless analog front end 11 and the battery status. In addition, for the accuracy of the system, a single-channel analog front end and a wireless transceiver are equipped for a single battery. Considering the energy storage of the battery and the power consumption of the analog front end, the analog front end usually adopts a low-power mode. In low-power mode, the energy radiation of the transceiver is limited. In addition, when hundreds to thousands of wireless analog front ends are connected to the management device at the same time, it is a great challenge to the system task scheduling and system timeliness.

[0074] According to the management device 1 of the embodiment of the present invention, the analog front end 11 of the management device 1 obtains the battery data of the battery, and the management control unit 13 of the management device 1 generates a battery status signal according to the battery data, and then controls the first communication unit 12 to send the battery status signal based on the first communication frequency band M, thereby realizing the sending of the battery status signal. As a result, the management device 1 and other devices in the battery management system 100 use different communication frequency bands to send the battery status signal, that is, the communication frequencies used by other devices in the battery management system 100 and the management device 1 are different, so that different types of devices have dedicated frequencies and reduce channel interference between different types of devices.

[0075] In some embodiments, the battery status signal also includes a heartbeat data signal, and the management control unit 13 is specifically used to generate a heartbeat data signal according to the battery data when the battery data meets the normal state transmission condition, and control the first communication unit 12 to send the heartbeat data signal based on the first communication frequency band M. Specifically, the analog front end 11 of the management device 1 collects the battery data in real time, and then the management control unit 13 of the management device 1 determines whether the battery data meets the normal state transmission condition, wherein the normal state transmission condition can be understood as the condition that the battery is in a normal state, that is, the battery data is used to determine whether the battery is normal, and when the battery data meets the normal state transmission condition, a heartbeat data signal is generated according to the battery data, and the first communication unit 12 is controlled to send the heartbeat data signal to the relay device 3 based on the first communication frequency band M, thereby sending the heartbeat data signal to the relay device 3 through the first communication frequency band M, so that different types of devices have dedicated frequencies, thereby reducing the channel interference between the management device 1 and the relay device 3, and improving the reliability of the battery management system.

[0076] In some embodiments, the normal state transmission condition includes at least any one of the following: the battery voltage is within a normal voltage range, the battery temperature is within a normal temperature range, the battery current is within a normal current range, and the battery stress is within a normal stress range.

[0077] Specifically, the analog front end 11 of the management device 1 collects battery data in real time, and then the management control unit 13 of the management device 1 determines whether the battery data meets the normal state transmission conditions, where the battery data can be current, voltage, temperature and stress, that is, to determine whether the battery voltage is within the normal voltage range. If the battery voltage is within the normal voltage range, a corresponding heartbeat data signal is generated based on the battery data, i.e., the voltage, and a heartbeat data signal corresponding to the voltage is sent to the relay device 3 via the first communication frequency band M; or to determine whether the battery temperature is within the normal temperature range. If the battery temperature is within the normal temperature range, a corresponding heartbeat data signal is generated based on the battery data, i.e., the temperature, and a heartbeat data signal corresponding to the temperature is sent to the relay device 3 via the first communication frequency band M. data signal; or determine whether the current of the battery is within the normal current range. If the current of the battery is within the normal current range, generate a corresponding heartbeat data signal according to the battery data, i.e., the current, and send the heartbeat data signal corresponding to the current to the relay device 3 through the first communication frequency band M; or determine whether the stress of the battery is within the normal stress range. If the stress of the battery is within the normal stress range, generate a corresponding heartbeat data signal according to the battery data, i.e., the stress, and control the first communication unit 12 to send the heartbeat data signal to the relay device 3 based on the first communication frequency band M, thereby sending the heartbeat data signal to the relay device 3 through the first communication frequency band M, so that different types of devices have dedicated frequencies, thereby reducing channel interference between different devices and improving the reliability of the battery management system.

[0078] In some embodiments, the battery status signal also includes a first specific status signal, and the management control unit 13 is also specifically used to generate the first specific status signal according to the battery data when the battery data meets the signal priority transmission condition, and control the first communication unit 12 to send the first specific status signal based on the first communication frequency band M.

[0079] Specifically, the analog front end 11 of the management device 1 collects battery data in real time, and the management control unit 13 then determines whether the battery data meets the signal priority transmission condition, that is, determines whether the battery is normal through the battery data. When the battery data meets the signal priority transmission condition, the priority transmission condition can be that the battery is in an abnormal state, that is, the battery abnormality is determined through the battery data. At this time, the information about the abnormal battery state is sent first, and a first specific state signal about the battery is generated according to the battery data, and the first communication unit 12 is controlled to send the first specific state signal to the relay device 3 based on the first communication frequency band M, so that different types of devices have dedicated frequencies, thereby reducing channel interference between different devices and improving the reliability of the battery management system.

[0080] In some embodiments, multiple management devices 1 and relay devices 3 connected to the multiple management devices 1 form a subnet, and the management control unit 13 is also specifically used in the subnet, where the management device 1 sends a heartbeat data signal through the first communication frequency band M according to the synchronous time division multiple access strategy, so that the signals are transmitted at staggered times between the subnets and between the management devices 1, and the mutual influence of the same / adjacent channels is reduced at the same time, and the use of the synchronous time division multiple access strategy can achieve high real-time performance and high reliability of the system.

[0081] Specifically, since there are a large number of management devices 1 in the battery management system, if the work scheduling strategy is not set for all management devices 1, the battery management system will be full of wireless signal interference and co-frequency interference, which will cause the relay device 3 to be unable to effectively extract the correct data of the management device 1, further affecting the battery management system estimation. In order to avoid the above-mentioned possible dense co-frequency band signals, during the transmission of the heartbeat data signal by all management devices 1, in the subnet, the management control unit 13 of the management device 1 sends the heartbeat data signal to the relay device 3 through the first communication frequency band M according to the synchronous time division multiple access strategy, so that the signals are transmitted between subnets and between management devices 1 at staggered times, and the mutual influence of the same / adjacent channels is reduced at the same time, so as to effectively ensure that the relay device 3 effectively extracts the correct data of the management device 1, avoid affecting the battery management system estimation, and the use of the synchronous time division multiple access strategy can achieve high real-time and high reliability of the system.

[0082] In some embodiments, if a management device 1 in the same subnet generates a first specific state signal, the first specific state signal is sent through a carrier sense multiple access / collision detection strategy, that is, the relay device 3 divides the signal sending time slots for each management device 1 in the subnet to send the first specific state signal according to equal time slot lengths, and then each management device 1 in the subnet starts from the current signal sending time slot and sends the first specific state signal in sequence according to the signal generation order of each management device 1 assigned by the relay device 3, and the management device 1 obtains the current signal sending time slot and the next signal sending time slot configured in the subnet, and obtains the occurrence order of the corresponding configuration of the management device 1. The target signal transmission time slot corresponding to a specific state signal, after the management device 1 generates the first specific state signal according to the battery data, determines whether the current signal transmission time slot is the target signal transmission time slot, if the current signal transmission time slot is not the target signal transmission time slot, then after waiting for the end of the current signal transmission time slot, controls other management devices corresponding to the next signal transmission time slot to delay transmission, that is, controls the management device 1 to occupy the next signal transmission time slot to send the first specific state signal to the relay device 3, if it is determined that the current signal transmission time slot is the target signal transmission time slot, then controls the management device 1 to send the first specific state signal to the relay device 3 in the current signal transmission time slot. In this way, the transmission of the first specific state signal is realized.

[0083] In some embodiments, the first communication unit 12 is configured with a plurality of first channels based on the first communication frequency band M to send the battery status signal through the plurality of first channels. Thus, the battery status signal is sent through the plurality of channels of the first communication frequency band M, so that different types of devices have dedicated frequencies, reduce channel interference between different types of devices, and improve the reliability of the battery management system 100.

[0084] In some embodiments, the management control unit 13 is further specifically used to: obtain a first channel quality parameter of each first channel; perform channel estimation on each first channel according to the first channel quality parameter to determine a first target channel; and send a battery status signal through the first target channel. The first channel quality parameter includes at least one or more of a signal-to-noise ratio, a signal receiving power, and a received signal strength.

[0085] Specifically, at the same moment, there is a heartbeat data signal and multiple first specific status signals in the management device 1 in the same space and time. The management control unit 13 needs to detect and evaluate the quality of the first channel in advance before sending the signal, so as to select a better first channel from multiple first channels to send a battery status signal such as a heartbeat data signal, and release the first channel after the battery status signal is sent. The quality of the first channel is evaluated by the first channel quality parameter of each first channel. Based on the management device, the first communication frequency band M corresponding to the management device 1 is configured with multiple first channels, and the management device 1 automatically obtains the first channel quality parameter of each first channel, where the first channel quality parameter can be is channel noise, the smaller the noise of the first channel, the better its quality; and then the first target channel is determined from multiple first channels according to the first channel quality parameters of each first channel, such as comparing the channel noise of each first channel with normal white noise or local noise to obtain the first channel corresponding to the lower channel noise as the best quality channel, i.e., the first target channel, wherein the first target channel is subject to lower interference; and then the battery status signal is sent through the first target channel. Thus, the present application obtains the best quality first channel through the first channel quality parameters of each first channel, organizes a small local area network for multiple management devices 1, and is equipped with channel estimation and channel functions to reduce mutual interference between channels in the same space and time.

[0086] In an embodiment, each management device 1 sends a heartbeat data signal to the relay device 3 at a first fixed time interval, and detects whether a heartbeat data signal is sent at the current moment by timing the timer to the fixed time, or the relay device 3 sends a signal at a second fixed time interval, then all management devices 1 send heartbeat data signals in sequence in a certain order at the second fixed time, and each management device 1 broadcasts its address when sending the heartbeat data signal, thereby detecting whether a heartbeat data signal is sent at the current moment through the broadcast address of each management device 1.

[0087] Reference below Figure 5 The management device control process management device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated by way of example, and the specific contents are as follows.

[0088] Step S4: the management device generates a first specific status signal.

[0089] Step S5, detecting whether the current time is the heartbeat data signal transmission time period of the subnet, if yes, executing step S6, otherwise executing step S7.

[0090] Step S6, wait for the end of the time slot, and send the first specific state signal at the beginning of the next time slot, and execute step S7.

[0091] Step S7, detecting whether there are other management devices in the same subnet and time space sending the first specific status signal, if yes, returning to step S8, otherwise, executing step S10.

[0092] Step S8: the current management device avoids a certain random time.

[0093] Step S9, detecting whether there are other management devices in the same subnet and time space sending the first specific status signal, if yes, executing step S8, otherwise executing step S10.

[0094] Step S10: Detect and estimate the quality of the first channel.

[0095] Step S11, selecting a first channel with a relatively high quality for transmission, and releasing the channel after the signal transmission is completed.

[0096] A third aspect of the present invention provides a relay device 3, such as Figure 6 As shown, the relay device 3 includes: a second communication unit 31 and a relay control unit 32 .

[0097] Among them, the second communication unit 31 is connected to the management device 1, and the second communication unit 31 is used to receive the battery status signal provided by the management device 1 and send the signal based on the second communication frequency band R; the relay control unit 32 is connected to the second communication unit 31, and the relay control unit 32 is used to control the second communication unit 31 to send the battery status signal.

[0098] Specifically, the existing battery management system does not explain the channel interference and channel selection between other devices and the relay device 3, so the channel interference of the relay device 3 is extremely large when transmitting data. In order to solve this problem, the relay device 3 in the present application and other devices in the battery management system 100 respectively operate in different and non-overlapping communication frequency bands, so that different types of devices operate in different communication frequency bands, thereby reducing the channel interference between the relay device 3 and different types of devices. The management device 1 sends a battery status signal to the relay device 3. After the second communication unit 31 of the relay device 3 receives the battery status signal, the relay control unit 32 of the relay device 3 controls the second communication unit 31 to send the battery status signal based on the second communication frequency band R. Therefore, the relay device 3 in the present application and other devices in the battery management system 100 use different communication frequency bands to send the battery status signal, that is, the communication frequencies used by other devices in the battery management system 100 and the relay device 3 are different, so that different types of devices have dedicated frequencies and reduce channel interference between different types of devices.

[0099] According to the relay device 3 of the embodiment of the present invention, after receiving the battery status signal sent by the management device 1, the second communication unit 31 is controlled to send the battery status signal based on the second communication frequency band R. Therefore, the relay device 3 in the present application and other devices in the battery management system 100 use different communication frequency bands to send battery status signals, that is, the communication frequencies used by other devices in the battery management system 100 and the relay device 3 are different, so that different types of devices have dedicated frequencies, thereby reducing channel interference between different types of devices.

[0100] In some embodiments, the battery status signal includes a heartbeat data signal, which is a signal generated by the management device 1 according to the battery data when the battery data meets the normal state transmission conditions; the relay control unit 32 is also used to control the second communication unit 31 to use the first sub-band R1 in the second communication frequency band R to send the heartbeat data signal. Specifically, when the management device 1 determines that the battery data meets the normal state transmission conditions, it generates a heartbeat data signal according to the battery data, and sends the heartbeat data signal to the relay device 3 through the first communication frequency band M. After the relay device 3 receives the heartbeat data signal sent by the management device 1, the relay control unit 32 controls the second communication unit 31 to use the first sub-band R1 in the second communication frequency band R to send the heartbeat data signal to the central device 2. In this way, the heartbeat data signal is sent to the central device 2 through the first sub-band R1, so that different types of devices are dedicated to their own frequencies, thereby reducing channel interference between different devices and improving the reliability of the battery management system.

[0101] In some embodiments, the battery status signal also includes a first specific status signal, which is a signal generated by the management device 1 according to the battery data when the battery data meets the signal priority transmission condition; the relay control unit 32 is also used to control the second communication unit 31 to use the second sub-band R2 in the second communication frequency band R to send the first specific status signal. Specifically, when the management device 1 determines that the battery data meets the signal priority transmission condition, it generates a first specific status signal about the battery according to the battery data, and sends the first specific status signal to the relay device 3 through the first communication frequency band M. After the relay device 3 receives the first specific status signal sent by the management device 1, the relay control unit 32 controls the second communication unit 31 to use the second sub-band R2 in the second communication frequency band R to send the first specific status signal to the central device 2, so that different types of devices have dedicated frequencies, thereby reducing channel interference between different devices and improving the reliability of the battery management system.

[0102] In some embodiments, the relay control unit 32 is further used to control the second communication unit 31 to use the second sub-band R2 in the second communication frequency band R to send a second specific state signal to the central device 2, wherein the second specific state signal is a signal converted by the relay device 3, and the second specific state signal includes at least one or more of the access binding signal of the management device 1, the state alarm signal of the management device 1, the state alarm signal of the relay device 3, and the subnet state signal. The access binding signal is the binding information required for the management device 1 to access the central device 2.

[0103] In some embodiments, the second communication unit 31 of the relay device 3 is also suitable for connecting to the central device 2 and for receiving the subnet broadcast signal sent by the central device 2. The subnet broadcast signal is a signal generated by the central device 2 according to the battery status signal or the second specific status signal, that is, the central device 2 sends data and commands generated according to the battery status signal or the second specific status signal to the relay device 3 in a broadcast manner. After the second communication unit 31 receives the subnet broadcast signal sent by the central device 2, the relay control unit 32 controls the second communication unit 31 to use the second sub-frequency band R2 in the second communication frequency band R to send the subnet broadcast signal to the management device 1, so as to manage each management device 1 according to the subnet broadcast signal.

[0104] In some embodiments, the relay control unit 32 is further used to control the second communication unit 31 to use the third sub-band R3 in the second communication frequency band R to send a wake-up signal to the central device 2, and the wake-up signal is used to instruct the central device 2 to receive the first specific state signal or the second specific state signal. Specifically, the relay device 3 controls the second communication unit 31 to use the third sub-band R3 in the second communication frequency band R to send a wake-up signal to the central device 2, and the central device 2 wakes up the signal receiver of the central device 2 when receiving the wake-up signal, so that the signal receiver can receive the first specific state signal transmitted by the relay device 3 through the second sub-band R2 or the second specific state signal transmitted through the second sub-band R2.

[0105] In some embodiments, the central device 2 is connected to multiple relay devices 3. After the relay device 3 receives the heartbeat data signal sent by the management device 1, the relay control unit 32 controls the second communication unit 31 to send the heartbeat data signal to the central device 2 through the first sub-band R1 according to the synchronous time division multiple access strategy, so that the signals are transmitted in staggered peaks between the multiple relay devices 3, and the mutual influence of the same / adjacent channels is reduced at the same time. The use of the synchronous time division multiple access strategy can achieve high real-time and high reliability of the system.

[0106] In some embodiments, before sending the heartbeat data signal, the relay control unit 32 is also used to perform orthogonal frequency division multiplexing carrier modulation on the heartbeat data signal to convert the heartbeat data signal into an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing carrier signal, so as to increase the information capacity of each symbol, thereby reducing the sending time of the heartbeat data signal, improving the efficiency of the battery management system, and achieving a high-frequency update rate of data in the battery management system.

[0107] In some embodiments, the relay control unit 32 is specifically used to: allocate a carrier to each management device 1 to obtain an orthogonal subcarrier corresponding to each management device 1, and the orthogonal subcarrier is used to carry the heartbeat data signal provided by the management device 1; and perform orthogonal frequency division multiplexing carrier modulation on the heartbeat data signal according to the orthogonal subcarrier corresponding to each management device 1.

[0108] Specifically, when all management devices 1 are connected to the relay device 3, the relay control unit 32 of the relay device 3 allocates a carrier to each connected management device 1 to obtain an orthogonal subcarrier corresponding to each management device 1, wherein the orthogonal subcarrier is used to carry the heartbeat data signal provided by the management device 1, and then the heartbeat data signal carried by the orthogonal subcarrier corresponding to each management device 1 is modulated by an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing carrier to convert the heartbeat data signal into an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing carrier signal, so as to increase the information capacity carried by each symbol, thereby reducing the sending time of the heartbeat data signal, improving the efficiency of the battery management system, and realizing a high-frequency update rate of data in the battery management system.

[0109] It should be noted that the number of carriers allocated by the relay device 3 is the maximum number of connectable management devices 1 .

[0110] In some embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, the central device 2 divides the device transmission time slots for each relay device 3 to send a specific status signal according to equal time slot lengths, that is, the central device 2 divides n device transmission time slots according to equal time slot lengths, the device transmission time slot divided by relay device 1 is time slot 1, the device transmission time slot divided by relay device 2 is time slot 2, and so on, the device transmission time slot divided by relay device n is time slot n, and then starting from the current device transmission time slot, the specific status signal is sent in sequence according to the signal generation order of each relay device 3 assigned by the central device 2, that is, relay device 1 sends a specific status signal to central device 2 in time slot 1, relay device 2 sends a specific status signal to central device 2 in time slot 2, and so on, relay device n sends a specific status signal to central device 2 in time slot n, so as to complete the specific status signal polling transmission, based on this, the relay control unit 32 of the relay device 3 obtains the current device transmission time slot configured by the central device 2 The sending time slot and the next device sending time slot, and the target device sending time slot corresponding to the relay device 3 are obtained. After receiving the first specific state signal or the second specific state signal, it is determined whether the current device sending time slot is the target device sending time slot to determine whether the central device 2 receives other signals such as heartbeat data signals. If the current device sending time slot is not the target device sending time slot, it means that the central device 2 is receiving signals. After waiting for the current device sending time slot to end, the relay device 3 corresponding to the next device sending time slot is controlled to delay sending, and the relay device 3 is controlled to send the first specific state signal or the second specific state signal to the central device 2 in the next device sending time slot; if it is determined that the current device sending time slot is the target device sending time slot, and the central device 2 does not receive the signal at this time, the relay device 3 is controlled to send the first specific state signal or the second specific state signal to the central device 2 in the current device sending time slot. The transmission of specific state signals is thus achieved.

[0111] In some embodiments, the relay control unit 32 is also used to: control the second communication unit 31 to receive the subnet broadcast signal when it is determined that there is an access conflict between the subnet broadcast signal and the first specific status signal or the second specific status signal; send a mute instruction to each management device 1 until the second communication unit 31 completes the reception of the subnet broadcast signal.

[0112] Specifically, the receiving end of the relay device 3 receives the subnet broadcast signal sent by the central device 2 and the specific status signal sent by the management device 1 through a transceiver, namely the second communication unit 31. When there is an access conflict between the subnet broadcast signal and the specific status signal at the receiving end, the relay device 3 will give priority to receiving the subnet broadcast signal of the central device 2. Therefore, in order to avoid the access conflict between the subnet broadcast signal and the specific status signal, when it is determined that there is an access conflict between the subnet broadcast signal and the specific status signal, the second communication unit 31 is controlled to receive the subnet broadcast signal, and a mute instruction is sent to each management device 1 during the reception of the subnet broadcast signal until the second communication unit 31 completes the reception of the subnet broadcast signal. In addition, the signal interference between the subnet broadcast signal and the specific status signal is small and will not affect data transmission.

[0113] In some embodiments, the second communication unit 31 of the relay device 3 receives a signal sent by the central device 2, and the relay control unit 32 determines the signal receiving address specified by the central device 2 according to the subnet broadcast signal, that is, the relay control unit 32 identifies the signal receiving address specified by the central device 2, and determines whether the address of the relay device 3 exists in the signal receiving address. If it is determined that the address of the relay device 3 exists in the signal receiving address, the second communication unit 31 is controlled to receive the subnet broadcast signal; if it is determined that the address of the relay device 3 does not exist in the signal receiving address, the second communication unit 31 is controlled to prohibit receiving the subnet broadcast signal.

[0114] In addition, if it is determined that the address of the relay device 3 exists in the signal receiving address, the relay device 3 broadcasts to the bound management device 1, or adjusts the parameters of the relay device 3 or the subnet parameters. After controlling the second communication unit 31 to prohibit receiving the subnet broadcast signal and ending the communication between the relay device 3 and the central device 2, an ACK / NAK signal will be sent accordingly.

[0115] In the embodiment, the same channel collision phenomenon occurs because the data transmission of the relay device 3, the management device 1 and the central device 2 share the same communication frequency band. That is, when the relay device 3 sends a heartbeat data signal to the central device 2, there are other relay devices 3 sending specific status signals to the central device 2. Due to the different frequency bands, the two signals do not affect each other much. Between the specific status signal sent by the relay device 3 to the central device 2, between the subnet broadcast signal sent by the central device 2 to the subnet, and between the specific status signal and the broadcast signal sent to the subnet, due to the shared frequency band, the same channel collision phenomenon may occur. Therefore, before sending the battery status signal to the central device 2, the relay device 3 needs to detect and evaluate the quality of the second channel in advance, so as to select a better second channel from multiple second channels to send the battery status signal, and release the second channel after the battery status signal is sent. Thus, the quality of the second channel is evaluated by the second channel quality parameter of each second channel, and multiple sub-bands R1 in the second communication frequency band corresponding to the relay device 3 are configured. The second channel, the relay device 3 obtains the second channel quality parameter of each second channel, wherein the second channel quality parameter may be the channel noise, and the smaller the noise of the second channel, the better its quality, and then performs channel estimation on each second channel according to the second channel quality parameter of each second channel, so as to determine the second target channel, such as comparing the channel noise of each second channel with normal white noise or local noise, so as to obtain the second channel corresponding to the lower channel noise as the best quality channel, i.e., the second target channel, wherein the second target channel is subject to lower interference, and then the battery status signal is sent through the second target channel, thereby the present application obtains the best quality second channel through the second channel quality parameter of each second channel.

[0116] In some embodiments, when all management devices 1 are connected to the relay device 3, the relay device 3 allocates a corresponding memory address to each connected management device 1 according to the access order of each relay device 3 to store the heartbeat data signal transmitted by the management device 1. Therefore, when the relay device 3 receives the heartbeat data signal about the battery provided by the management device 1, the heartbeat data signal is directly placed in the corresponding memory address according to the order of each relay device 3 received.

[0117] Reference below Figure 7 The figure illustrates the relay device control process of the embodiment of the present invention by way of example, and the specific contents are as follows.

[0118] Step S15: The relay device to which the management device is connected receives a first specific status signal.

[0119] Step S16, detecting whether the current time is within the heartbeat data signal transmission time slot of the current relay device, if yes, executing step S17, otherwise executing step S18.

[0120] Step S17, wait for the end of the time slot, and send the first specific state signal at the beginning of the next time slot.

[0121] Step S18, detecting whether there are other relay devices sending the first specific status signal in the same time and space, if yes, executing step S19, otherwise executing step S21.

[0122] Step S19: the current relay device avoids a certain random time.

[0123] Step S20, detect whether there are other management devices sending data in the same subnet and time space, if yes, return to step S19, otherwise, go to step S21.

[0124] Step S21, detecting and estimating the quality of the second channel.

[0125] Step S22, select a better quality channel, add a preamble signal in front of its signal and transmit the signal, and release the channel after the signal transmission is completed.

[0126] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a central device 2, such as Figure 8 As shown, the relay device 3 includes: a signal transceiver 21 and a central control unit 22 .

[0127] Among them, the signal transceiver 21 is connected to the relay device 3, and the signal transceiver 21 is used to receive the battery status signal provided by the relay device 3 and send the signal based on the third communication frequency band C; the central control unit 22 is connected to the signal transceiver 21, and the central control unit 22 is used to control the signal transceiver 21 to send the signal according to the battery status signal.

[0128] Specifically, the channel interference and channel selection between devices are not described in the existing battery management system, so the channel interference of the central device 2 is extremely large when transmitting data. In order to solve this problem, the central device 2 in the present application and other devices in the battery management system 100 respectively operate in different and non-intersecting communication frequency bands, so that different types of devices transmit signals in different communication frequency bands, thereby reducing the channel interference between the relay device 3 and different types of devices. That is, the signal transceiver 21 of the central device 2 receives the battery status signal provided by the relay device 3, and the central control unit 22 controls the signal transceiver 21 to send signals based on the third communication frequency band C according to the battery status signal. For example, a corresponding instruction is generated according to the battery status signal and sent to the relay device 3 to manage the relay device 3. Therefore, the central device 2 in the present application and other devices in the battery management system 100 use different communication frequency bands to send signals, that is, the communication frequencies used by other devices in the battery management system 100 and the central device 2 are different, so that different types of devices use dedicated frequencies and reduce channel interference between different types of devices.

[0129] According to the central device 2 of the embodiment of the present invention, after receiving the battery status signal sent by the relay device 3, the central control unit 22 controls the signal transceiver 21 to send a signal based on the third communication frequency band C according to the battery status signal. Therefore, the central device 2 in the present application and other devices in the battery management system 100 use different communication frequency bands to send signals, that is, the communication frequencies used by other devices in the battery management system 100 and the central device 2 are different, so that different types of devices have dedicated frequencies and reduce channel interference between different types of devices.

[0130] In some embodiments, the battery status signal includes a heartbeat data signal, which is a signal generated by the management device 1 according to the battery data when the battery data meets the normal status transmission conditions; the signal transceiver 21 of the central device 2 includes a first data channel, and the first data channel is used to receive the heartbeat data signal transmitted by the relay device 3, and the first data channel is configured as a low power consumption mode, that is, the central device 2 wirelessly transmits and receives signals through the third communication frequency band C, that is, the central device 2 receives the heartbeat data signal transmitted by the relay device 3 through the first data channel, and the first data channel is configured as a low power consumption mode, that is, the central device 2 establishes a low power consumption protocol with the relay device 3 and the management device 1 and agrees on the working hours. The central device 2 will only work during working hours and is in sleep state at other times, thereby reducing the power consumption of the central device 2.

[0131] In some embodiments, the battery status signal includes a first specific status signal, which is a signal generated by the management device 1 based on the battery data when the battery data meets the signal priority transmission condition; the signal transceiver 21 includes a second data channel, and the second data channel is used to receive the first specific status signal, that is, the central device 2 receives the first specific status signal or the second specific status signal sent by the relay device 3 through the second data channel, and the second data channel is determined according to the access priority, that is, according to the time when each relay device 3 sends a specific status signal to arrive at the signal receiver. If the second data channel is occupied by a certain relay device 3, other relay devices 3 will execute an avoidance strategy.

[0132] In some embodiments, the second data channel is also used to receive a second specific status signal transmitted by the relay device 3, and the second specific status signal includes at least one or more of the access binding signal of the management device 1, the status alarm signal of the management device 1, the status alarm signal of the relay device 3 and the subnet status signal.

[0133] In some embodiments, the second data channel is configured to be in a sleep state, and the second data channel is also used to switch from the sleep state to the working state when receiving an active communication signal sent by the central control unit 22 or a wake-up signal sent by the relay device 3, thereby reducing the power consumption of the central device 2.

[0134] Specifically, when the battery is in an abnormal condition, the frequency of generating a specific state signal is low, so the second data channel is configured to be in a dormant state, that is, the second data channel is in a dormant state for a long time, and the relay device 3 uses the third sub-band R3 in the second communication frequency band R to send a wake-up signal to the central device 2. When the second data channel receives the active communication signal sent by the central device 2, the central device 2 has a special signal communication requirement at this time, and then the second data channel and the signal transceiver 21 are activated and maintained for a fixed time, that is, the second data channel is switched from the dormant state to the working state, until the communication ends or the time ends to close the second data channel, or when the relay device 3 sends a wake-up signal, the relay device 3 has a communication requirement at this time, and a certain specific preamble frequency band signal is added before the signal flow, thereby waking up the second data channel, and the second data channel is switched from the dormant state to the working state. When the second data channel does not receive the wake-up signal or the active communication signal, the second data channel does not receive the specific state signal transmitted by the relay device 3 through the first sub-band R1. Therefore, the second data channel is intelligently activated according to the wake-up signal or the active communication signal, thereby reducing the power consumption of the central device 2.

[0135] In some embodiments, the central control unit 22 of the central device 2 is specifically used to generate a subnet broadcast signal based on the battery status signal or the second specific status signal, and control the signal transceiver 21 to send the subnet broadcast signal, wherein the subnet broadcast signal at least includes a signal receiving address of the relay device 3, and sends the subnet broadcast signal to the relay device 3 through the third communication frequency band C, so that different types of devices have dedicated frequencies, thereby reducing the channel interference between the central device 2 and the relay device 3, and improving the reliability of the battery management system.

[0136] Reference below Fig. 9 The control process of the central device 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention is illustrated by way of example, and the specific contents are as follows.

[0137] Step S26: The central device sends a subnet broadcast signal.

[0138] Step S27, the relay device detects whether the signal receiving address of the subnet broadcast signal contains its own address or matches its own address. If so, execute step S29, otherwise execute step S28.

[0139] Step S28, ignore and do not receive subsequent signals.

[0140] Step S29, determining whether the current time detected by the relay device is its heartbeat data signal receiving time slot, if so, execute step S29, otherwise execute step S28.

[0141] Step S30, detecting whether the first specific status signal of the management device is being received, if yes, executing step S32, otherwise executing step S31.

[0142] Step S31, the relay device receives the subnet broadcast signal sent by the central device and executes a mute mode for its subnet until the reception is completed.

[0143] Step S32, the relay device preferentially selects to receive the subnet broadcast signal sent by the central device, and executes the mute mode for its subnet until the reception is completed.

[0144] Step S33: Send a delayed sending request to the central device.

[0145] Step S34, the central device detects whether the requested address is included in the target address of the previously transmitted signal, and if so, executes step S35.

[0146] Step S35: In the next time slot, the central device 2 sends a subnet broadcast signal of a single target address to the above-mentioned relay device 3.

[0147] In summary, in the present application, the communication frequency bands of the devices in the battery management system are divided into frequency bands, that is, the ISM frequency band is divided into a first communication frequency band M, a second communication frequency band R and a third communication frequency band C. The management device 1 sends a heartbeat data signal to the relay device 3 through the first communication frequency band M, and the relay device 3 sends a heartbeat data signal to the central device 2 through the first sub-band R1 in the second communication frequency band R; and the management device 1 sends a first specific state signal to the relay device 3 through the first communication frequency band M, and the relay device 3 uses the second sub-band R2 in the second communication frequency band R to send a specific state signal to the central device 2 and a subnet broadcast signal to the management device 1; the relay device 3 uses the third sub-band R3 in the second communication frequency band R to send a wake-up signal to the central device 2; the central device 2 sends a subnet broadcast signal to the relay device 3 through the third communication frequency band C. As a result, different devices use different communication frequency bands to send signals, so that different types of devices have dedicated frequencies and reduce channel interference between different types of devices.

[0148] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0149] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A battery management system, characterized in that: include: A management device, the management device is connected to the battery, the management device is used to obtain battery data of the battery and generate a battery status signal according to the battery data, the battery data at least including one or more of current, voltage, temperature and stress; A relay device, the relay device is connected to the management device and is used to receive and forward the battery status signal transmitted by the management device; A central device, the central device is connected to the relay device and is used to manage the battery management system according to the battery status signal forwarded by the relay device; Wherein, when sending and receiving the battery status signal, the management device, the relay device and the central device communicate in different and non-intersecting communication frequency bands respectively.

2. The battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: All management devices use the first communication frequency band to send signals, all relay devices use the second communication frequency band to send signals, and the central device uses the third communication frequency band to send signals.

3. The battery management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first communication frequency band, the second communication frequency band and the third communication frequency band are continuous different frequency bands.

4. The battery management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first communication frequency band, the second communication frequency band and the third communication frequency band belong to an ISM frequency band.

5. The battery management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery status signal includes a heartbeat data signal. The management device is further used to generate the heartbeat data signal according to the battery data when the battery data meets the normal status transmission conditions, and send the heartbeat data signal to the relay device through the first communication frequency band.

6. The battery management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The relay device uses the first sub-frequency band in the second communication frequency band to send the heartbeat data signal to the central device.

7. The battery management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The normal state transmission condition includes at least one of the following: The voltage of the battery is within a normal voltage range, the temperature of the battery is within a normal temperature range, the current of the battery is within a normal current range, and the stress of the battery is within a normal stress range.

8. The battery management system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The battery status signal also includes a first specific status signal. The management device is also used to generate the first specific status signal according to the battery data when the battery data meets the signal priority transmission condition, and send the first specific status signal to the relay device via the first communication frequency band.

9. The battery management system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The relay device uses the second sub-frequency band in the second communication frequency band to send the first specific status signal to the central device.

10. The battery management system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The signal priority transmission condition includes at least one of the following: The voltage of the battery is not within a normal voltage range, the temperature of the battery is not within a normal temperature range, the current of the battery is not within a normal current range, and the stress of the battery is not within a normal stress range.

11. The battery management system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The relay device is also used to use the second sub-frequency band in the second communication frequency band to send a second specific status signal to the central device, and the second specific status signal includes at least one or more of the access binding signal of the management device, the status alarm signal of the management device, the status alarm signal of the relay device and the subnet status signal.

12. The battery management system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The central device is used to generate a subnet broadcast signal according to the battery status signal or the second specific status signal, and send the subnet broadcast signal to the relay device via the third communication frequency band.

13. The battery management system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The relay device uses the second sub-frequency band in the second communication frequency band to send the subnet broadcast signal to the management device.

14. The battery management system according to claim 13, characterized in that: The relay device uses the third sub-frequency band in the second communication frequency band to send a wake-up signal to the central device, where the wake-up signal is used to instruct the central device to receive the first specific state signal or the second specific state signal.

15. The battery management system according to claim 14, characterized in that: The first sub-frequency band, the second sub-frequency band, and the third sub-frequency band are continuous different frequency bands.

16. The battery management system according to claim 14, characterized in that: The relay device is connected to a plurality of management devices, the central device is connected to a plurality of relay devices, and each of the relay devices and the plurality of management devices correspondingly connected to the relay device form a subnet.

17. The battery management system according to claim 16, characterized in that: In the subnet, the management device sends the heartbeat data signal to the relay device through the first communication frequency band according to a synchronous time division multiple access strategy.

18. The battery management system according to claim 16, characterized in that: The relay device sends the heartbeat data signal to the central device through the first sub-frequency band according to a synchronous time division multiple access strategy.

19. The battery management system according to claim 16, characterized in that: The management device is also used for: Obtaining a current signal transmission time slot and a next signal transmission time slot configured in the subnet; Obtaining a target signal sending time slot configured corresponding to the management device; After generating the first specific state signal according to the battery data, determining whether the current signal transmission time slot is the target signal transmission time slot; If not, wait until the current signal sending time slot ends, and control the management device corresponding to the next signal sending time slot to delay sending; The management device is controlled to occupy the next signal sending time slot to send the first specific state signal to the relay device.

20. The battery management system according to claim 19, characterized in that: The management device is also used for: Determine that the current signal sending time slot is the target signal sending time slot, and then control the management device to send the first specific state signal to the relay device in the current signal sending time slot.

21. The battery management system according to claim 16, characterized in that: The relay device is also used for: Obtaining a current device transmission time slot and a next device transmission time slot configured by the central device; Obtain the target device sending time slot configured corresponding to the relay device; After receiving the first specific state signal or the second specific state signal, determining whether the current device sending time slot is the target device sending time slot; If not, after waiting for the current device to send a time slot, control the relay device corresponding to the next device to send a time slot to delay sending; The relay device is controlled to occupy the next device sending time slot to send the first specific state signal or the second specific state signal to the central device.

22. The battery management system according to claim 21, characterized in that: The relay device is also used for: Determine that the current device sending time slot is the target device sending time slot, and then control the relay device to send the first specific state signal or the second specific state signal to the central device in the current device sending time slot.

23. The battery management system according to claim 6, characterized in that: Before sending the heartbeat data signal to the central device, the relay device is further configured to perform orthogonal frequency division multiplexing carrier modulation on the heartbeat data signal.

24. The battery management system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The central device includes a signal transceiver, and the signal transceiver includes: A first data channel, wherein the first data channel is used to receive a heartbeat data signal transmitted by the relay device, and the first data channel is configured in a low power consumption mode.

25. The battery management system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The central device includes a signal transceiver, and the signal transceiver includes: A second data channel, wherein the second data channel is used to receive the first specific state signal or the second specific state signal.

26. The battery management system according to claim 25, characterized in that: The second data channel is configured as a sleep state, and the second data channel is also used to switch from the sleep state to the working state when receiving an active communication signal sent by the central device or a wake-up signal sent by the relay device.

27. The battery management system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The relay device comprises: A storage unit, the storage unit is used to store the heartbeat data signal, the first state signal and / or the second specific state signal sent by the management device; A modulation unit, the modulation unit is connected to the storage unit, and the modulation unit is used to perform orthogonal frequency division multiplexing carrier modulation on the heartbeat data signal.

28. A management device, characterized in that: include: An analog front end, the analog front end is connected to the battery and is used to collect battery data of the battery, the battery data at least including one or more of current, voltage, temperature and stress; A first communication unit, wherein the first communication unit sends a signal based on a first communication frequency band; A management control unit is connected to the analog front end and the first communication unit, and is used to generate a battery status signal according to the battery data and control the first communication unit to send the battery status signal.

29. The management device according to claim 28, characterized in that The battery status signal also includes a heartbeat data signal. The management control unit is specifically used to generate the heartbeat data signal according to the battery data when the battery data meets the normal status transmission conditions, and control the first communication unit to send the heartbeat data signal based on the first communication frequency band.

30. The management device according to claim 29, characterized in that The normal state transmission condition includes at least one of the following: The voltage of the battery is within a normal voltage range, the temperature of the battery is within a normal temperature range, the current of the battery is within a normal current range, and the stress of the battery is within a normal stress range.

31. The management device according to claim 29, characterized in that The battery status signal also includes a first specific status signal. The management control unit is further specifically used to generate the first specific status signal according to the battery data when the battery data meets the signal priority transmission condition, and control the first communication unit to send the first specific status signal based on the first communication frequency band.

32. The battery management system according to claim 31, characterized in that: The signal priority transmission condition includes at least one of the following: The voltage of the battery is not within a normal voltage range, the temperature of the battery is not within a normal temperature range, the current of the battery is not within a normal current range, and the stress of the battery is not within a normal stress range.

33. The management device according to claim 31, characterized in that A plurality of management devices and relay devices connected to the plurality of management devices form a subnet, and the management control unit is also specifically used for, in the subnet, the management device sending the heartbeat data signal to the relay device through the first communication frequency band according to the synchronous time division multiple access strategy.

34. The management device according to claim 33, characterized in that The management control unit is also specifically used for: Obtaining a current signal transmission time slot and a next signal transmission time slot configured in the subnet; Obtaining a target signal sending time slot configured corresponding to the management device; After generating the first specific state signal according to the battery data, determining whether the current signal transmission time slot is the target signal transmission time slot; If not, wait until the current signal sending time slot ends, and control the management device corresponding to the next signal sending time slot to delay sending; The management device is controlled to occupy the next signal sending time slot to send the first specific state signal to the relay device.

35. The management device according to claim 34, characterized in that The management control unit is also specifically used for: Determine that the current signal sending time slot is the target signal sending time slot, and then control the management device to send the first specific state signal to the relay device in the current signal sending time slot.

36. The management device according to any one of claims 28 to 35, characterized in that: The first communication unit is further configured with a plurality of first channels based on the first communication frequency band, so as to send the battery status signal through the plurality of first channels.

37. The management device according to claim 36, characterized in that The management control unit is also specifically used for: Acquire a first channel quality parameter of each first channel; Performing channel estimation on each of the first channels according to the first channel quality parameter to determine the first target channel; The battery status signal is sent via the first target channel.

38. The management device according to claim 37, characterized in that The first channel quality parameter includes at least one or more of a current channel signal-to-noise ratio and adjacent channel interference.

39. A relay device, characterized in that: include: a second communication unit, the second communication unit being connected to the management device, and the second communication unit being used to receive a battery status signal provided by the management device and to send the signal based on a second communication frequency band; A relay control unit, the relay control unit is connected to the second communication unit, and the relay control unit is used to control the second communication unit to send the battery status signal.

40. The relay device according to claim 39, characterized in that: The battery status signal includes a heartbeat data signal, which is a signal generated by the management device according to the battery data when the battery data meets the normal status transmission condition; The relay control unit is further used to control the second communication unit to send the heartbeat data signal using the first sub-frequency band in the second communication frequency band.

41. The relay device according to claim 40, characterized in that: The battery status signal further includes a first specific status signal, which is a signal generated by the management device according to the battery data when the battery data meets the signal priority transmission condition; The relay control unit is further used to control the second communication unit to send the first specific state signal using a second sub-frequency band in the second communication frequency band.

42. The relay device according to claim 41, characterized in that: The relay control unit is also used to control the second communication unit to use the second sub-frequency band in the second communication frequency band to send a second specific status signal, and the second specific status signal includes at least one or more of the access binding signal of the management device, the status alarm signal of the management device, the status alarm signal of the relay device and the subnet status signal.

43. The relay device according to claim 42, characterized in that: The second communication unit is further adapted to be connected to a central device and used to receive a subnet broadcast signal sent by the central device, wherein the subnet broadcast signal is a signal generated by the central device according to the battery status signal or the second specific status signal; The relay control unit is further used to control the second communication unit to use the second sub-frequency band in the second communication frequency band to send the subnet broadcast signal to the management device.

44. The relay device according to claim 43, characterized in that: The relay control unit is further used to control the second communication unit to use the third sub-frequency band in the second communication frequency band to send a wake-up signal to the central device, wherein the wake-up signal is used to instruct the central device to receive the first specific state signal or the second specific state signal.

45. The relay device according to claim 43, characterized in that: The central device is connected to a plurality of relay devices, and the relay control unit is further used to control the second communication unit to send the heartbeat data signal to the central device through the second sub-frequency band according to a synchronous time division multiple access strategy.

46. ​​The relay device according to any one of claims 40 to 45, characterized in that: Before sending the heartbeat data signal, the relay control unit is further used to perform orthogonal frequency division multiplexing carrier modulation on the heartbeat data signal.

47. The relay device according to claim 46, characterized in that: The relay control unit is used for: Based on the second sub-frequency band, allocating a carrier to each of the management devices to obtain an orthogonal subcarrier corresponding to each of the management devices, where the orthogonal subcarrier is used to carry a heartbeat data signal provided by the management device; The heartbeat data signal is subjected to orthogonal frequency division multiplexing carrier modulation according to the orthogonal subcarrier corresponding to each of the management devices.

48. The relay device according to claim 42, characterized in that: The relay control unit is also used for: Obtaining a current device transmission time slot and a next device transmission time slot configured by the central device; Obtain the target device sending time slot configured corresponding to the relay device; After receiving the first specific state signal or the second specific state signal, determining whether the current device sending time slot is the target device sending time slot; If not, after waiting for the current device to send a time slot, control the relay device corresponding to the next device to send a time slot to delay sending; The relay device is controlled to occupy the next device sending time slot to send the first specific state signal or the second specific state signal to the central device.

49. The relay device according to claim 48, characterized in that: The relay control unit is also used for: Determine that the current device sending time slot is the target device sending time slot, and then control the relay device to send the first specific state signal or the second specific state signal to the central device in the current device sending time slot.

50. The relay device according to claim 43, characterized in that: The relay control unit is also used for: When it is determined that there is an access conflict between the subnet broadcast signal and the first specific state signal and the second specific state signal, controlling the second communication unit to receive the subnet broadcast signal; A mute instruction is sent to each management device until the second communication unit completes receiving the subnet broadcast signal.

51. The relay device according to claim 43, characterized in that: The relay control unit is also used for: Determine the signal receiving address specified by the central device according to the subnet broadcast signal; If it is determined that the address of the relay device exists in the signal receiving address, the second communication unit is controlled to receive the subnet broadcast signal.

52. The relay device according to claim 51, characterized in that: The relay control unit is also used for: If it is determined that the address of the relay device does not exist in the signal receiving address, the second communication unit is controlled to prohibit receiving the subnet broadcast signal.

53. A central device, characterized in that: include: A signal transceiver, the signal transceiver is used to communicate with the relay device, the signal transceiver is used to receive the battery status signal provided by the relay device, and send the signal based on the third communication frequency band; A central control unit is connected to the signal transceiver, and is used to control the signal transceiver to send signals according to the battery status signal.

54. The central device according to claim 53, characterized in that The battery status signal includes a heartbeat data signal, which is a signal generated by the management device according to the battery data when the battery data meets the normal status transmission condition.

55. The central device according to claim 54, characterized in that The signal transceiver includes a first data channel, the first data channel is used to receive the heartbeat data signal transmitted by the relay device, and the first data channel is configured in a low power consumption mode.

56. The central device according to claim 53, characterized in that The battery status signal includes a first specific status signal, which is a signal generated by the management device according to the battery data when the battery data meets the signal priority transmission condition.

57. The central device according to claim 56, characterized in that The signal transceiver includes a second data channel, and the second data channel is used to receive the first specific state signal.

58. The central device according to claim 57, characterized in that The second data channel is also used to receive a second specific status signal transmitted by the relay device, and the second specific status signal includes at least one or more of an access binding signal of a management device, a status alarm signal of a management device, a status alarm signal of the relay device, and a subnet status signal.

59. The central device according to claim 57, characterized in that The second data channel is configured as a sleep state, and the second data channel is also used to switch from the sleep state to the working state when receiving an active communication signal sent by the central control unit or a wake-up signal sent by the relay device.

60. The central device according to claim 58, characterized in that The central control unit is specifically used to generate a subnet broadcast signal according to the battery status signal or the second specific status signal, and control the signal transceiver to send the subnet broadcast signal, wherein the subnet broadcast signal at least includes a signal receiving address of the relay device.

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