Transmission sensor unit and manual transmission

Abstract

The invention discloses a transmission sensor unit for a manual transmission. The manual transmission comprises a housing (10), a shift fork (20), a gearshift sleeve (30) and at least one gearshift clutch body (40, 45). The gearshift sleeve (30) and at least one clutch body (40, 45) are supported in a rotatable manner around a common rotation axis (R) and engage with each other during a gear shifting process. The transmission sensor unit comprises: a first Hall sensor (110); a second Hall sensor (120); and a sensor body (130), the sensor body holding the first Hall sensor (110) at a predetermined position relative to the second Hall sensor (120) in the axial direction and in the circumferential direction. The transmission sensor unit further comprises a fastening mechanism (140) for fastening the sensor body (130) to a housing (10) of a manual transmission or to a shift fork (20), so that the angular position of at least one clutch body (40, 45) can be detected by a first Hall sensor (110) and the angular position of a toothed shift sleeve (30) can be detected by a second Hall sensor (120).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a transmission sensor unit and a manual transmission, in particular to a transmission sensor unit for realizing an angle-precise, position-controlled shifting process in an electrified drive having a claw clutch. Background Art

[0002] To sense the shift fork position, contactless, linear position sensors are usually used, which require machining of the transmission housing. Until now, there has been no sensor angle difference for directly determining the angle difference of the claw clutch. Although it is possible to use absolute rotary encoders on the drive shaft and the driven shaft, by means of which the angle difference can be calculated, this is disadvantageous because the rotary encoders require interfaces with the shaft and the transmission housing and are therefore cost-intensive.

[0003] Figure 4 A conventional rotation sensing device is shown by means of two absolute rotary encoders 510, 520, wherein the first rotary encoder 510 detects the angular position of the first shaft 501 and the second rotary encoder 520 detects the angular position of the second shaft 502. In the manual transmission shown, the torque is transmitted from the rotary motor 500 via the second drive shaft 502 and the selectively switchable first clutch body 530 and second clutch body 540 to the first shaft 501 and outputted from there to the wheel 550. In order to switch between the first clutch body and the third clutch body 530, 540, a shift sleeve 535 is provided, which selectively couples the clutch bodies 530, 540 by axial displacement along the first shaft 501.

[0004] The rotational position determined by the rotary encoders 510, 520 can be used to determine the most accurate possible tooth position towards the gap during the gear shifting process and then to shift gears in response to this situation. The disadvantage of this method is that its temperature and media compatibility are usually incompatible with conventional sensors. In addition, the installability is usually difficult. Finally, existing sensors are costly and require machining steps for the shaft or the transmission housing.

[0005] On the other hand, electrified multi-speed transmissions are increasingly being used, in which claw clutches are increasingly being used instead of conventional synchronizer units in order to improve efficiency and reduce costs. Speed ​​synchronization can then be actively accomplished by the E-machine (electric drive).

[0006] In order to achieve maximum shift comfort and high reliability, there is a need for an angular difference control, in which not only the speed difference but also the angular difference is adjusted so that the two clutch partners (shift sleeve and clutch body) are in a favorable position (tooth facing the gap) when engaging and disengaging a gear. In this way, shifting can be performed without perceptible jerk and with low shifting forces. The relative angular position of the clutch body is determined with sufficient accuracy to carry out this angular difference control.

[0007] Therefore, there is a need for a transmission sensor unit which can be used in particular for a dog clutch and overcomes the above-mentioned disadvantages. Summary of the invention

[0008] At least some of the above-mentioned problems are overcome by a transmission sensor unit according to claim 1 and a manual transmission according to claim 7. The dependent claims relate to advantageous developments of the subject matter of the independent claim.

[0009] The present invention relates to a transmission sensor unit for a manual transmission. The manual transmission comprises a housing, a shift fork, a toothed shift coupling sleeve and at least one toothed clutch body. The shift coupling sleeve and at least one clutch body are supported in a rotatable manner around a common rotation axis and engage with each other during the shifting process. The transmission sensor unit comprises: a first Hall sensor, a second Hall sensor, a sensor body and a fastening mechanism. The sensor body holds the first Hall sensor at a predetermined position relative to the second Hall sensor in the axial direction and in the circumferential direction. The fastening mechanism fastens the sensor body to the housing of the manual transmission or to the shift fork. The fastening can be in the following manner: the angular position of at least one clutch body can be detected by the first Hall sensor, and the angular position of the toothed shift coupling sleeve can be detected by the second Hall sensor.

[0010] The shift sleeve and the clutch body(s) are in particular claw clutches for a drive. The drive can have a drive shaft and one or more driven shafts, wherein the shift sleeve and the clutch body(s) can be supported rotatably or non-rotatably relative to one of the shafts. In particular, they can be rotated about a common axis of rotation.

[0011] The fastening mechanism may include all devices capable of holding or fixing the sensor body (e.g., threaded holes, rivets). The fastening mechanism or the sensor body may include a permanent magnet that generates a magnetic field, which passes through the first Hall sensor and is changed by rotating the shift sleeve so that the angular position of the shift sleeve is determined by the changing magnetic flux passing through the first Hall sensor. Advantageously, the embodiment therefore does not require a magnetic wheel, but only one magnet per Hall sensor, which is arranged, for example, radially above the corresponding Hall sensor. The Hall sensor used is a sensor based on the Hall effect and can therefore detect any changing magnetic field in the sensor that runs perpendicular to the direction of the current. As an alternative to the Hall sensor, other sensors can also be used in the same arrangement, which are capable of detecting rotational motion by changes in the magnetic field.

[0012] Optionally, the sensor body is configured to hold the first Hall sensor relative to the second Hall sensor in at least one of the following predetermined positions:

[0013] - at the same angular position in the circumferential direction;

[0014] - an offset in the circumferential direction (e.g. approximately one distance between one tooth and one gap);

[0015] A deflection in the axial direction, wherein the deflection in the axial direction corresponds to a decoupling of the shift sleeve and at least one clutch body.

[0016] Optionally, the transmission sensor unit may include an evaluation unit, which is configured to provide at least one of the following functions:

[0017] - receiving a first sensor signal from a first Hall sensor and a second sensor signal from a second Hall sensor, and determining an angular offset between at least one clutch body and a shift sleeve based on a differential signal or a summation signal between the first sensor signal and the second sensor signal;

[0018] - determining the axial position of the shift sleeve relative to at least one clutch body;

[0019] - determining the complete coupling of the shift sleeve and at least one clutch body (for example, when a gear is engaged);

[0020] - determining a decoupling (eg freewheeling) of the shift sleeve from at least one clutch body,

[0021] - Detecting the play between the toothing of the shift sleeve and the toothing of at least one clutch body based on the deformation of the magnetic field in order to determine the angular position without torque transmission.

[0022] The sensor signal is in particular a periodic signal, so that an angular offset is obtained as a relative phase position. The determined angular offset can be used to determine whether a tooth is opposite to a gap (tooth in the gap position). When there is an offset (e.g. half the distance between two teeth) in the predetermined position, a differential signal can be used. When there is no offset in the predetermined position, a summation signal can be used. In the latter case, when the tooth is in the gap position, a phase offset of 180° is already present in the periodic sensor signal due to the position of the Hall sensor.

[0023] The position without torque transmission is in particular the situation when the teeth are not in contact or there is a gap between the teeth in the direction of rotation. Such a gap changes the magnetic flux and can therefore be detected by the evaluation unit.

[0024] Optionally, the toothed shift sleeve comprises two opposing teeth. At least one clutch body may have a first clutch body and a second clutch body, the first clutch body being rotatably supported on a first side of the shift sleeve, and the second clutch body being rotatably supported on an opposite second side of the shift sleeve. Optionally, the transmission sensor unit further comprises: a third Hall sensor and / or a fourth Hall sensor and / or another sensor body. Another sensor body may hold the third Hall sensor relative to the fourth Hall sensor in an axial direction and offset from each other in a circumferential direction. The fastening mechanism may hold the other sensor body on the housing of the manual transmission or on the shift fork. The holding may be in the following manner: the angular position of the second clutch body is detectable by the third Hall sensor, and the angular position of the toothed shift sleeve relative to the second clutch body is detectable by the fourth Hall sensor. The fastening mechanism may be one-piece (single) or multi-piece, so as to, for example, fasten a plurality of sensor bodies individually.

[0025] Optionally, the sensor body and / or the other sensor body are configured together with at least one of the Hall sensors as an injection-molded housing. The injection-molding can be implemented in such a way that at least one Hall sensor is fully protected. All Hall sensors can in particular be injection-molded together or individually.

[0026] Optionally, at least one Hall sensor is designed for pre-evaluation of the sensor signal. In this case, the analog measurement signal can be converted into a digital signal and the digital signal can then be transmitted digitally to the evaluation unit.

[0027] Optionally, the current supply of at least one of the Hall sensors is realized by means of a cable or wirelessly. In the case of a wireless method, at least one coil can be provided to wirelessly transmit energy to the transmission sensor unit. If the sensor unit is fixed to the shift fork, the current supply can be realized by means of a cable along the shift fork and the shift slide.

[0028] Embodiments also relate to a manual transmission, in particular for an electrified multi-speed drive. The manual transmission comprises a housing, a shift fork, a toothed shift sleeve and at least one toothed clutch body. The shift sleeve and / or at least one clutch body can be rotatably supported about a common rotation axis, wherein during a shifting process, the shift sleeve can be displaced in an axial direction along the rotation axis in order to couple (that is, engage) with at least one clutch body. The manual transmission comprises a transmission sensor unit as described previously.

[0029] Optionally, the manual transmission further comprises a voice coil actuator, which is connected to the shift fork so as to cause the axial displacement of the shift fork and thus the axial displacement of the shift sleeve. A voice coil actuator (English "Voice Coil Actuator") is a bipolar non-commutating drive mechanism with limited stroke or angle. The voice coil actuator has high reproducibility and positioning accuracy, low electrical and mechanical time constants, and high power relative to its mass and its structural volume.

[0030] Optionally, the at least one clutch body comprises a first clutch body and a second clutch body, wherein a fixing device may be provided, which holds the shift fork in at least three of the following predetermined axial positions:

[0031] a first position, in which the coupling to the first clutch body is effected,

[0032] a second position, in which the coupling to the second clutch body is effected,

[0033] A third position, in which neither the coupling to the first clutch body nor the coupling to the second clutch body is effected.

[0034] The fixing means can advantageously be realized in a secure manner by means of a voice coil actuator.

[0035] Thus, the coupling can be realized by means of a toothing, wherein the shift sleeve and the clutch body (the first clutch body and / or the second clutch body) can be rotatable about a common axis of rotation R.

[0036] In the context of the present disclosure, the offset in the circumferential direction can be measured as the angle between the rotatable objects, wherein the teeth or gaps can be used as references. The axial offset is correspondingly related to the linear spacing of the objects (that is to say, for example, should be ensured in idling). By means of the arrangement of the sensors, the evaluation unit can directly obtain, for example, a differential signal of two sinusoids, since the angular offset (tooth-gap distance) corresponds to a phase shift of 180°.

[0037] According to an embodiment, the engagement of the teeth or, in general, the axial position can be determined by the periodicity of the sensor signal. When the teeth engage, for example, a doubling of the periodicity can be determined, since twice as many teeth are present after the engagement of the teeth.

[0038] Therefore, an embodiment overcomes the above-mentioned problem by installing four Hall sensors on the shift fork, for example, wherein these Hall sensors directly sense the shifting engagement of the claw clutch. It is therefore possible to arrange the sensor elements in such a way that fast signal processing is achieved and the rotational speed of the clutch body and the shift sleeve and the relative angular position (angle difference) to each other can be determined from the sensor signals from two of the Hall sensors in each case. In addition, it is also possible to use the rapid signal analysis of the sensors to determine the axial position of the shift fork and the shift sleeve. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Embodiments of the present invention will be better understood with the help of the following detailed description and drawings of various embodiments, however, these should not be understood as limiting the present disclosure to specific implementations, but are only for explanation and understanding.

[0040] Figure 1A , Figure 1B A transmission sensor unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0041] Figure 2 A further exemplary embodiment is shown in which the shift sleeve comprises two toothings on opposite sides.

[0042] Figure 3 A manual transmission according to one embodiment is shown.

[0043] Figure 4 Conventional rotational sensing in the context of a manual transmission is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Figure 1A FIG. 2 shows a transmission sensor unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is configured for a manual transmission. The manual transmission includes a housing 10 (shown only schematically), a shift fork 20 (shown in FIG. 1 ), and a transmission sensor unit. Figure 1ANot visible in , see Figure 3 ), a geared shift sleeve 30 and at least one geared clutch body 40. The shift sleeve 30 and the clutch body 40 are jointly rotated about a rotation axis R (at Figure 1A Not shown, see Figure 3 ) are rotatably supported and engage with each other during the shifting process. The clutch body 40 can have a plurality of tooth sections 41, 42, which are used to transmit torque, wherein one tooth section 41 can be coupled to the shift coupling sleeve 30 and the other tooth section 42 can be used to transmit torque to another shaft (not shown). The shift coupling sleeve 30 can, for example, be rotatably supported around the rotation axis R together with the shaft. In addition, the shift coupling sleeve 30 can also have a plurality of tooth sections 31, 32, which are, for example, constructed in opposition and can realize coupling on a plurality of clutch bodies 40.

[0045] therefore, Figure 1A The dog clutch between the shift sleeve 30 and the clutch body 40 is shown as an example. The dog clutch is generally a structural form of a mechanical element for transmitting rotational motion or torque. It is one of the simplest structural forms of a clutch.

[0046] The transmission sensor unit comprises a first Hall sensor 110 and a second Hall sensor 120, which are arranged in or on a sensor body 130, wherein the sensor body 130 holds the first Hall sensor 110 and the second Hall sensor 120 offset from each other in the axial direction and in the circumferential direction. Here, the axial direction refers to a direction parallel to the rotation axis R, while the circumferential direction extends along the angular direction of the rotatable shift sleeve 30 and the clutch body 40.

[0047] Figure 1B The arrangement is shown in an enlarged top view, wherein the toothing 41 of the clutch body 40 is shown enlarged on the left and the toothing 31 of the shift sleeve 30 is shown enlarged on the right. The offset arrangement of the first Hall sensor 110 relative to the second Hall sensor 120 is selected in this case so that, as shown, the teeth point to the corresponding gaps between the teeth (teeth towards gap position). Therefore, each tooth is located below the corresponding Hall sensor 110, 120. In this way, by differential signal evaluation of the sensor signals of the Hall sensors 110, 120, the tooth towards gap position can be detected by the sensor signal, which disappears by way of example.

[0048] In other embodiments, the Hall sensors 110, 120 are not offset in the circumferential direction and thus Figure 2In the illustration of , the teeth are located at the same height. In this case, it is advantageous to use the sum signal in the signal evaluation in order to detect the tooth gap position as a detection signal close to zero. The tooth gap position corresponds to half a period of the relatively displaced toothing.

[0049] Likewise, the Hall sensors 110 and 120 are arranged along Figure 1B The horizontal axial offset in is selected so that, when the shift sleeve 30 is shown decoupled from the clutch body 40, the Hall sensors 110, 120 are respectively located above the teeth / gaps (in the top view shown) and are not located on the continuous section 43, on which no teeth are formed. Therefore, when the shift sleeve 30 is decoupled from the clutch body 40, the Hall sensors 110, 120 can generate a periodic signal with a maximum amplitude.

[0050] In the illustrated embodiment, the sensor body 130 is fastened to the housing 10 of the manual transmission by a fastening mechanism 140 (at Figure 1A As an alternative to fastening to the housing 10 of the manual transmission, it is also possible to fasten the sensor body 130 to a shift fork or another element.

[0051] For evaluating the sensor signal, an evaluation unit 150 can be provided, which receives the sensor signal either via a wired connection or wirelessly. The evaluation unit 150 can be completely or partially arranged inside the sensor body 130, or the Hall sensors 110, 120 can include an integrated evaluation part, so that only the evaluated signal is transmitted (for example digitally) to an external control unit.

[0052] Furthermore, the first Hall sensor 110 and / or the second Hall sensor 120 can include a permanent magnet, which is arranged, for example, so that the magnetic field lines fall vertically from the sensor body 130 onto the tooth 31, 41, so that a periodic change in the magnetic field is achieved by the passing movement of the tooth, which change can be detected in the Hall sensors 110, 120 as a sensor signal. The sensor body 130 can also include a circuit board 132, on which the exemplary Hall sensors 110, 120 are arranged, and the circuit board can also hold the permanent magnet (for example, on the opposite side). The magnetic field can be generated by an axially magnetized permanent magnet. According to an embodiment, the illustrated arrangement of the Hall sensors 110, 120 ensures that the angular difference can be determined by the phase shift of the two signals, and thus the desired state (tooth towards the gap position) is obtained exactly when the phase shift is 0°. As already mentioned before, the terms phase, phase position, phase shift, etc. refer to the periodic signal generated by the Hall sensors 110, 120 due to the periodically moving teeth.

[0053] Since two similar exemplary Hall sensors 110 and 120 are arranged in the radial direction of the dog clutch as shown, the magnetic flux is affected by the magnetic permeability of the dog clutch, so that the output voltage of the Hall sensor changes, and the output voltage can be detected as a sensor signal.

[0054] According to other exemplary embodiments, the two Hall sensors 110 , 120 may be installed either as separate components in the transmission housing 10 or fastened to the shift fork 20 .

[0055] In the embodiment in which fastening to the transmission housing 10 is achieved, the two Hall sensors 110, 120 can be mounted on the transmission from the outside. To this end, only small changes to the transmission housing 10 are required to enable accessibility to the sensors 110, 120 while ensuring accessibility to the dog clutch.

[0056] The advantage of this embodiment is that the fastening on the transmission housing 10 can be used to establish a signal transmission along the fastening (for example, by laying a wire or a signal line). The voltage supply can also be realized via the signal line or via another line / another line.

[0057] Figure 2 Another embodiment is shown, in which the shift sleeve 30 comprises two toothings 31, 32 on opposite sides. The first toothing 31 is provided for coupling with the toothing 41 of the first clutch body 40 (e.g. when engaging a gear). The opposite second toothing 32 is provided on the shift sleeve 30 in order to alternatively couple the shift sleeve 30 with the second clutch body 45 (e.g. in order to engage another gear). The second clutch body 45 accordingly comprises a toothing 46 which can be coupled with the second toothing 32 of the shift sleeve 30, for example for transmitting torque between the shift sleeve 30 and the second clutch body 45.

[0058] In the embodiment shown, two Hall sensors 110, 120, 210, 220 are respectively arranged on each side of the shift sleeve 30 in order to sense the relative angular position and / or axial position of the shift sleeve 30 relative to the first clutch body 40 and the second clutch body 45. Therefore, in addition to the first Hall sensor 110 and the second Hall sensor 120, the present embodiment also includes a third Hall sensor 210 and a fourth Hall sensor 220. The third Hall sensor 210 and the fourth Hall sensor 220 are also arranged at predetermined positions relative to the axial direction and the circumferential direction (e.g. offset from each other) in order to ensure that the angular position and the axial position between the shift sleeve 30 and the second clutch body 45 are sensed. Again, only the Hall sensors 210, 220 arranged offset from each other in angle are shown. However, this is not mandatory. If another arrangement (e.g. no offset) is selected, the evaluation of the sensor signal will be adapted accordingly (e.g. using a summation signal instead of a differential signal).

[0059] Thus, the third Hall sensor 210 and the fourth Hall sensor 220 can be designed in the same way as the first Hall sensor 110 and the second Hall sensor 120 and in particular also include permanent magnets, which are connected, for example, via a printed circuit board (on the Figure 2 The toothed portion (not visible) is arranged such that the magnetic flux of one or more permanent magnets is influenced by the toothed portion, and this influence can be determined by the Hall sensors 210 , 220 .

[0060] The embodiment shown with two clutch bodies 40, 45 and the shift sleeve 30 arranged therebetween allows three shift positions: (i) a neutral position (in Figure 2 ), in which the shift sleeve 30 is connected to neither the first clutch body 40 nor the second clutch body 45; (ii) a first shift position, in which the shift sleeve 30 is connected to the first clutch body 40, and (iii) a second shift position, in which the shift sleeve 30 is connected to the second clutch body 45.

[0061] In the neutral position, the first Hall sensor 110 senses the rotational speed and phase position of the first clutch body 40 (for example, relative to the housing 10 or the shift fork 20). The second Hall sensor 120 senses the rotational speed and phase position of the shift sleeve 30 (for example, relative to the housing 10 or the shift fork 20). When the sensor body 130 is fastened to the housing, it is sufficient if only a probe head with two sensor elements is present there, and only one sensor element (only the fourth Hall sensor 220) needs to be constructed on the other sensor body 230.

[0062] In an exemplary shifting process, the sensor signal from the first Hall sensor 110 or the second Hall sensor 120 can now be used to determine the axial position of the shifting sleeve 30. For this purpose, the amplitude of the sensor signal can be used, for example. During the engagement process, the information about the phase position and the phase angle is degraded due to the engagement process, but this is insignificant in the case of sufficiently fast engagement processes (for example, when using a voice coil actuator).

[0063] When a gear is engaged, the first Hall sensor 110 can detect the rotational speed of the clutch body 40 and thus also the rotational speed of the shift sleeve 30. According to the embodiment, it can also be detected whether the dog clutch is in a rest position and in which rest position it is in. Thus, for example, in a gear position, an angle difference can be determined by signal analysis, which can be used to engage a gear without load.

[0064] According to another embodiment, the sensor body 130 can be manufactured together with the first Hall sensor 110 and the second Hall sensor 120 by an injection molding process, in which the sensor is completely injection molded with an injection molding coating to provide reliable sealing and protection for the Hall sensors 110, 120. The same applies to another sensor body 230 with a third Hall sensor 210 and a fourth Hall sensor 220, which can also be (completely) injection molded with an injection molding coating. The injection molding coating does not affect the magnetic flux here or only affects the magnetic flux to a certain extent without affecting the sensor signal. Optionally, the corresponding cable ends (for example for sensor signals and / or current supply) can be led out of the injection molding coating, or the injection molding coating has an integrated plug to establish a connection with the Hall sensors 110, 120, 210, 220.

[0065] According to a further embodiment, the signal transmission and signal analysis can be implemented as follows. The analog signals of the Hall sensors 110, 120, 210, 220 can be forwarded in analog form to a control device (e.g. a transmission control device) or an evaluation unit 150 and evaluated there. It is also possible that the Hall sensors 110, 120, 210, 220 already generate digital signals and have already performed a pre-evaluation, so that only the evaluated (e.g. digital) signals are transmitted. Due to the external installation, wiring connections with other control devices can also be made.

[0066] Figure 3A manual transmission according to an embodiment is shown. The manual transmission comprises a first clutch body 40 and a second clutch body 45, between which a shift sleeve 30 is arranged. The shift sleeve 30 is moved in the axial direction by a shift fork 20, wherein the shift fork 20 is connected to an actuator 60 by a shift slide 65. The actuator 60 can be, for example, a voice coil actuator, which is configured to cause an axial movement of the shift sleeve 30. The axial movement causes the shift sleeve 30 to be connected either to the first clutch body 40 or to the second clutch body 45. The first clutch body 40, the second clutch body 45 and the shift sleeve 30 are rotatably supported around a common rotation axis R. The rotation axis R can be provided, for example, by a drive shaft or a driven shaft. The exemplary voice coil actuator 60 is advantageous because a fast shifting process and precise position activation can be ensured thereby.

[0067] exist Figure 3 In the embodiment of the present invention, the sensor body 130 and the other sensor body 230 are fastened to the shift fork 20 together with the first to fourth Hall sensors 110, 120, 210, 220 by the fastening mechanism 140 (see the enlarged view on the right). It should be understood that the same sensor units 110, 120, 210, 220 can be constructed in a mirror-symmetrical manner on both sides of the shift fork 20 and fastened to the shift fork 20 together by the fastening mechanism 140.

[0068] Depending on the design of the manual transmission, accessibility from the outside may be difficult. Therefore, it is advantageous when - as in Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1 , the dual Hall sensors 110 , 120 and / or the dual Hall sensors 210 , 220 can be mounted together on the shift fork 20 when space is feasible. There are also multiple positions for this embodiment. In the neutral position, the position of the Hall sensors 110 , 120 is equivalent to the embodiment in which the transmission sensor unit is fastened to the housing 10 .

[0069] During the shifting process, the Hall sensors 110, 120 are axially displaced together with the shift fork 20 in the present embodiment. In this case, the first Hall sensor 110 is displaced from the toothing of the claw clutch to the region 43 of the claw clutch, in which no magnetic resistance changes occur anymore, since no teeth are formed in the region 43. By analyzing the resulting signal (e.g., amplitude), the (axial) position of the shift fork 20 can be inferred. This is advantageous for the position-controlled engagement process. In this case, the advantageous design of the claw clutch can improve the signal quality in a targeted manner. It is also possible, for example, to use the shifting path for detection by intentionally changing the air gap between the clutch part 40 and the shifting sleeve 30 in the detection region.

[0070] When the gear is engaged, the rotational speeds of the clutch body 40 and the shift sleeve 20 can be determined by analyzing the sensor signal of the second Hall sensor 120, and the angular difference between the clutch body 40 and the shift sleeve 30 can also be determined. In this embodiment, the shift sleeve sensor (fourth Hall sensor 220) of the second dual Hall sensors 210, 220 can also identify which position the claw clutch is in.

[0071] In this design, it is necessary to take into account the signal transmission and signal analysis that the transmission sensor unit on the shift fork transmits the signal from the moving component (shift fork 20) ​​to the stationary component (e.g. evaluation unit 150 or control device). This can be achieved with a cable when the stroke is small. For this purpose, for example, a cable can be laid along the shift slide 65 (connection between the shift fork 20 and the actuator 60) and the actuator 60. However, alternatively or additionally, the information can also be transmitted to the control device by wireless communication. Advantageously, digitization and signal evaluation are then already performed before transmission (e.g. directly on the shift fork 20). The energy supply can be ensured, for example, by inductive coupling using a coil. Optionally, the signal detection can be performed together with the energy supply using passive or active transponder technology.

[0072] When manufacturing the embodiment, the shift fork 20 can be made of metal, usually steel, for example. However, in a special shifting system with a claw clutch, the forces are significantly lower, so it is also possible to manufacture the entire shift fork 20 from plastic. Special sliding elements or other sliding bearings can be placed on the contact point of the shift sleeve 30. All Hall sensors 110, 120, 210, 220 and / or the evaluation electronics 150 can be completely injection-molded individually or together, thereby also ensuring media compatibility with lubricants.

[0073] The features of the invention disclosed in the description, the claims and the drawings may be essential for the implementation of the invention both individually and in any combination.

[0074] Reference numerals list

[0075] 10 Manual transmission housing

[0076] 20 Shift fork

[0077] 30 Toothed shift sleeve

[0078] 31, 32 Gear of the shift sleeve

[0079] 40, 45 Clutch body with teeth

[0080] 41, 46 Clutch body teeth

[0081] 42 Additional teeth

[0082] 43. The toothless section / area of ​​the clutch body

[0083] 60 Actuators (e.g. voice coil actuators)

[0084] 65 shift slide

[0085] 110, 120, 210, 220 Hall sensors

[0086] 130, 230 sensor body

[0087] 132 Sensor body circuit board

[0088] 140 Fastening mechanism

[0089] 150 evaluation units

[0090] R Rotation axis

[0091] 500E-Drive

[0092] 501, 502 shaft

[0093] 510, 520 Rotary Encoders

[0094] 530, 540 (traditional) clutch body

[0095] 535 (conventional) shift sleeve

Claims

1. A transmission sensor unit for a manual transmission, wherein: The manual transmission comprises a housing (10), a shift fork (20), a toothed shift sleeve (30) and at least one toothed clutch body (40, 45), wherein the shift sleeve (30) and the at least one clutch body (40, 45) are rotatably supported around a common rotation axis (R) and engage with each other during a shifting process, and the transmission sensor unit comprises: A first Hall sensor (110); A second Hall sensor (120); a sensor body (130) that holds the first Hall sensor (110) at a predetermined position relative to the second Hall sensor (120) in the axial direction and in the circumferential direction; and A fastening mechanism (140) is used to fasten the sensor body (130) to the housing (10) of the manual transmission or to the shift fork (20), so that the angular position of at least one clutch body (40, 45) can be detected by the first Hall sensor (110) and the angular position of the toothed shift sleeve (30) can be detected by the second Hall sensor (120).

2. The transmission sensor unit according to claim 1, wherein: The sensor body (130) is configured to hold the first Hall sensor (110) relative to the second Hall sensor (120) in at least one of the following predetermined positions: - are at the same angular position in the circumferential direction; - offset in the circumferential direction; - a displacement in the axial direction, wherein the displacement in the axial direction corresponds to a decoupling of the shift sleeve (30) and the at least one clutch body (40, 45).

3. The transmission sensor unit according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising an evaluation unit (150), which is configured to provide at least one of the following functions: - receiving a first sensor signal from the first Hall sensor (110) and a second sensor signal from the second Hall sensor (120), and determining an angular offset between the at least one clutch body (40, 45) and the shift sleeve (30) based on a differential signal or a sum signal between the first sensor signal and the second sensor signal, - determining the axial position of the shift sleeve (30) relative to the at least one clutch body (40, 45), - establishing a complete coupling between the shift sleeve (30) and the at least one clutch body (40, 45), - determining the decoupling of the shift sleeve (30) and the at least one clutch body (40, 45), - Based on the deformation of the magnetic field, the play between the toothing of the shift sleeve (30) and the toothing of the at least one clutch body (40, 45) is detected in order to determine the angular position without torque transmission.

4. A transmission sensor unit according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The toothed shift sleeve (30) has two opposing tooth portions, and the at least one clutch body (40, 45) has a first clutch body (40) and a second clutch body (45), the first clutch body being rotatably supported on a first side of the shift sleeve (30), and the second clutch body being rotatably supported on an opposite second side of the shift sleeve (30), wherein the transmission sensor unit further comprises: a third Hall sensor (210) and a fourth Hall sensor (220), another sensor body (230) that holds the third Hall sensor (210) at a predetermined position relative to the fourth Hall sensor (220) in the axial direction and in the circumferential direction, The fastening mechanism (140) holds the other sensor body (230) on the housing (10) of the manual transmission or on the shift fork (20), so that the angular position of the second clutch body (45) can be detected by the third Hall sensor (210), and the angular position of the toothed shift sleeve (30) relative to the second clutch body (45) can be detected by the fourth Hall sensor (220).

5. A transmission sensor unit according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The sensor body (130) and / or the other sensor body (230) are constructed together with at least one of the Hall sensors (110, 120, 210, 220) as an injection-molded housing to achieve complete protection of the at least one Hall sensor (110, 120, 210, 220).

6. A transmission sensor unit according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: At least one of the Hall sensors (110, 120, 130, 140) is designed to pre-evaluate a sensor signal.

7. A transmission sensor unit according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The current supply of at least one of the Hall sensors (110, 120, 130, 140) is achieved through a cable or in a wireless manner.

8. A manual transmission, in particular for an electrified multi-speed drive, comprising a housing (10), a shift fork (20), a toothed shift sleeve (30) and at least one toothed clutch body (40, 45), wherein: The shift sleeve (30) and the at least one clutch body (40, 45) are rotatably supported around a common rotation axis (R), and during a shifting process, the shift sleeve (30) is displaced in an axial direction parallel to the rotation axis (R) so as to engage with the at least one clutch body (40, 45), Therein, the manual transmission has a transmission sensor unit according to one of the preceding claims.

9. The manual transmission according to claim 8 further comprises a voice coil actuator (60) which is coupled to the shift fork (20) in order to cause an axial displacement of the shift fork (20) and thereby cause an axial displacement of the shift sleeve (30).

10. The manual transmission according to claim 8 or claim 9, wherein: The at least one clutch body (40, 45) has a first clutch body (40) and a second clutch body (45), and is provided with a fixing device which holds the shift fork (20) in at least three of the following predetermined axial positions: a first position, in which coupling to the first clutch body (40) is achieved, a second position, in which coupling to the second clutch body (45) is achieved, A third position, in which neither the first clutch body (40) nor the second clutch body (45) is coupled.

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