A fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device and sowing method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device and a sowing method thereof, and specifically relates to the technical field of agricultural sowing devices, comprising a self-propelled vehicle body, the vehicle body comprising a frame, a driving wheel and an auxiliary wheel are installed at the bottom of the frame, and an engine for providing power to the driving wheel is also installed on the frame, a handrail is fixed to one side of the frame, and a control switch is installed on the handrail; a ditching piece is arranged on the frame, and the ditching piece is used to dig furrows on the planting ground; a sowing structure is arranged on the frame; the invention provides a seed screening mechanism, and during sowing, seeds can be screened by a specific gravity method to remove shriveled and shrunken bad seeds, and qualified seeds are sown, thereby avoiding the problem that shriveled and shrunken bad seeds exist in the seeds, and the problem that they often cannot germinate and form seedlings normally after sowing can be avoided, and the germination rate after sowing can be greatly improved, which is beneficial to agricultural planting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural sowing devices, and in particular to a fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device and a sowing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, in agricultural planting, with the improvement of mechanization level, seeders are usually used for sowing and planting in large areas, which can realize automatic sowing over a large area, improve sowing efficiency and save sowing costs.

[0003] After searching, it was found that a patent with announcement number CN112534996B discloses a fully automatic agricultural sowing equipment. During the seed sowing process, the equipment can sow seeds separately according to the seeds in the different top storage chambers and can sow the corresponding seeds at any angle or direction so that the equipment can put different seeds. However, in actual use, the seeds are often directly added into the discharge device for sowing, but the seeds cannot be pre-screened. If there are dry and shrunken bad seeds among the seeds, they often cannot germinate and grow seedlings normally after sowing, resulting in a low germination rate of sowing, which is not conducive to agricultural planting. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device and a sowing method thereof to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device, comprising:

[0007] A self-propelled vehicle body, the vehicle body comprising a frame, a driving wheel and an auxiliary wheel are mounted at the bottom of the frame, an engine for providing power to the driving wheel is also mounted on the frame, a handrail is fixed on one side of the frame, and a control switch is mounted on the handrail;

[0008] A furrowing member is arranged on the vehicle frame and is used for furrowing on the planting ground;

[0009] A sowing structure is arranged on the frame and is used to sow seeds into the planting furrow;

[0010] A soil covering member is arranged on the vehicle frame and is used to cover the planting furrow with soil after sowing;

[0011] The seed screening mechanism is arranged on the vehicle frame, and is used for screening the seeds. After the seed screening mechanism screens the seeds, the sowing mechanism sows the seeds.

[0012] Preferably, the seed screening mechanism comprises a screening box mounted on the top of the frame, a feeding pipe and a water feeding pipe are installed on the top of the screening box, and a drain valve is connected to one side of the screening box, an intermittent feeding structure is provided at the bottom of the interior of the screening box, and a salvaging component for collecting bad seeds is also provided on the screening box, the intermittent feeding structure connects the interior of the screening box with the sowing structure, and a filter cover for covering the water inlet end of the drain valve is installed on the inner wall of the screening box;

[0013] The intermittent unloading structure includes a partition, a dual-axis motor is installed at the bottom of the partition, and a unloading valve is embedded on one side of the partition, one of the output shafts of the dual-axis motor extends to the top of the partition, and a first scraper plate is installed, and the bottom of the first scraper plate is in contact with the top of the partition.

[0014] Preferably, the salvage component includes a salvage basket arranged inside the screening box and a side panel fixed to the top of the screening box, a movable frame is arranged on one side of the side panel, and a second electric push rod is installed on the top of the movable frame, the telescopic end of the second electric push rod extends into the screening box and is fixedly connected to the top of the salvage basket, a second motor is fixed on one side of the side panel, and an installation cavity is opened inside the side panel, a rotatable screw rod is installed in the installation cavity, and a screw rod seat is screwed on the screw rod through a thread, one side of the screw rod seat extends to the outside of the side panel and is fixedly connected to the movable frame, the second motor is used to drive the screw rod to rotate, a positioning block for limiting the salvage basket is also installed on the inner wall of the screening box, a salvage port is opened on the top of the screening box, and a movable slot for moving the telescopic end of the second electric push rod is opened on the top of the screening box

[0015] Preferably, the screening box is also provided with a stirring mechanism, and the stirring mechanism includes a first motor fixed on the outer wall of the screening box, and a shaft rod horizontally installed inside the screening box, and a plurality of stirring rods equidistantly distributed along its axial direction are installed on the shaft rod, and auxiliary rods are fixed on the plurality of stirring rods.

[0016] Preferably, the trenching member comprises a first bracket fixed on the top of the frame, a third electric push rod is mounted on the first bracket, and a telescopic end of the third electric push rod extends to the bottom of the frame and is connected to a trenching device.

[0017] Preferably, the sowing structure comprises a sowing bucket installed at the bottom end of the screening box, and a sowing pipe extending to the bottom of the frame is fixed to the bottom end of the sowing bucket.

[0018] Preferably, the soil covering member comprises a second bracket mounted on the frame, a first electric push rod is fixed on the second bracket, and a telescopic end of the first electric push rod extends to the bottom of the frame and is connected to a soil covering scraper.

[0019] Preferably, the frame is also provided with a blowing component for drying the screened seeds, and the blowing component includes a heating box installed on the top of the frame, and a blowing nozzle arranged on the inner wall of the sowing bucket, a hot air blower is arranged inside the heating box, and a heating pipe is connected between the air outlet end of the hot air blower and the blowing nozzle, a mounting frame is also provided inside the sowing bucket, and a second scraper plate is installed on one side of the mounting frame, one side of the second scraper plate can contact the inner wall of the sowing bucket, and the mounting frame is installed on the other output shaft of the dual-axis motor.

[0020] Preferably, a wastewater recycling mechanism is also provided on the frame, and the wastewater recycling mechanism includes a water tank installed on the top of the frame, and a connecting frame fixed to the bottom end of the frame, one side of the water tank is connected to the drain valve, and a pump body is provided inside the water tank, a water spray plate is installed at the bottom end of the connecting frame, and evenly distributed water spray nozzles are provided at the bottom of the water spray plate, a water supply hose is connected between one side of the water spray plate and the water outlet end of the pump body, and the water spray plate is located on the side of the soil covering scraper opposite to the sowing pipe.

[0021] A fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing method is applicable to the above-mentioned fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device, and the sowing method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0022] S1. First, add the seeds into the seed screening mechanism to screen the seeds, collect the bad seeds by using the salvaging components, and place the qualified seeds into the sowing structure;

[0023] S2. Automatically moving the device along the agricultural planting land by the self-propelled vehicle body;

[0024] S3, driving the trenching member to trench the agricultural planting land by the movement of the vehicle body to form a planting trench;

[0025] S4, then using the sowing mechanism to sow qualified seeds in the planting furrow;

[0026] S5. Then, the soil covering operation is performed through the soil covering piece to fill the soil back into the planting ditch to cover the seeds, thereby completing the automatic sowing operation in agriculture.

[0027] In the above technical solution, the technical effects and advantages provided by the present invention are:

[0028] 1. Through the setting of the seed screening mechanism, the seeds can be screened by specific gravity method during sowing, so as to remove the shriveled and bad seeds and sow the qualified seeds, thereby avoiding the problem that the shriveled and bad seeds in the seeds often cannot germinate and form seedlings normally after sowing, which can greatly improve the germination rate after sowing and is beneficial to agricultural planting;

[0029] 2. The intermittent feeding structure can not only promote the discharge of seeds into the sowing bucket, but also discharge the seeds into the sowing bucket intermittently, which is conducive to uniform sowing of seeds and further improves the germination rate of seeds;

[0030] 3. Through the setting of the stirring mechanism, the seeds and the water can be stirred so that the seeds and the water are fully mixed, which helps the shriveled and bad seeds float on the liquid surface, preventing the bad seeds from being mixed with the qualified seeds, thereby improving the seed screening effect and facilitating the seed planting;

[0031] 4. The setting of the blowing component can dry the seeds, which is convenient for the seeds to germinate and grow into seedlings after being sown through the sowing tube, avoiding moisture and causing the seeds to rot, which is beneficial to improving the germination rate of the seeds;

[0032] At the same time, during the seed drying process, the dual-axis motor drives the mounting frame to rotate, so that the mounting frame drives the second scraper plate to rotate to stir the seeds, which is conducive to uniform drying of the seeds, can improve the drying effect of the seeds, and further realize efficient drying of the seeds;

[0033] 5. Through the setting of the wastewater recycling mechanism, the wastewater discharged from the drain valve can be collected and stored, and the water can be pumped out through the built-in pump body of the water tank, and then fed into the spray tray through the water hose, and then sprayed onto the planting ground after covering with soil through the water nozzle, so as to achieve watering after sowing, without the need for subsequent watering operations, and further realize the automation of the sowing device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is an appearance diagram of the fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a screening box in the fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 A top view of a screening box in the fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the salvage basket is connected to the mobile frame in the fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of a side plate of the fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 A top view of a partition in the fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure after the first scraper plate rotates;

[0043] Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 3 A in the enlarged view;

[0044] Fig.10 This is a flow chart of the fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing method provided by the present invention.

[0045] Description of reference numerals:

[0046] 1. Frame; 2. Engine; 3. Driving wheel; 4. Handrail; 5. Control switch; 6. Water spray plate; 7. Connecting frame; 8. Water spray nozzle; 9. Water hose; 10. Soil scraper; 11. Water tank; 12. First electric push rod; 13. Drain valve; 14. Stirring mechanism; 141. First motor; 142. Shaft rod; 143. Stirring rod; 144. Auxiliary rod; 15. Screening box; 16. Seeding pipe; 17. Heating box; 18. Heating pipe; 19. Furrow opener; 20 , feeding pipe; 21, water feeding pipe; 22, moving frame; 23, second electric push rod; 24, second motor; 25, side plate; 26, auxiliary wheel; 27, salvage basket; 28, partition; 29, seeding bucket; 30, discharge valve; 31, first scraper; 32, double-axis motor; 33, mounting frame; 34, second scraper; 35, positioning block; 36, salvage port; 37, moving slot; 38, third electric push rod; 39, screw rod; 40, screw rod seat; 41, filter cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] The technical solution in the embodiment of the present application is to solve the above problems, and the overall idea is as follows:

[0049] Example 1

[0050] like Figure 1-Figure 9 As shown, a fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device comprises:

[0051] The self-propelled vehicle body includes a frame 1, a driving wheel 3 and an auxiliary wheel 26 are installed at the bottom of the frame 1, and an engine 2 for providing power to the driving wheel 3 is also installed on the frame 1, and a handrail 4 is fixed to one side of the frame 1, and a control switch 5 is installed on the handrail 4; wherein, the principle of using the engine 2 to move the driving wheel 3 is a prior art, and specific reference may be made to the comparative document (Announcement No.: CN112534996B, Name: A Fully Automatic Agricultural Sowing Equipment), and the auxiliary wheel 26 may be a universal wheel, so that the staff can steer the device through the handrail 4 to realize the movement of the sowing device;

[0052] A furrowing member is arranged on the frame 1 and is used for furrowing on the planting ground; the furrowing member comprises a first bracket fixed on the top of the frame 1, a third electric push rod 38 is mounted on the first bracket, and a telescopic end of the third electric push rod 38 extends to the bottom of the frame 1 and is connected to a furrow opener 19;

[0053] A sowing structure is arranged on the frame 1 and is used to sow seeds into the planting furrow; the sowing structure comprises a sowing bucket 29 installed at the bottom end of the screening box 15, and a sowing tube 16 extending to the bottom of the frame 1 is fixed to the bottom end of the sowing bucket 29;

[0054] The soil covering member is arranged on the frame 1 and is used to cover the planting furrow after sowing with soil; the soil covering member comprises a second bracket mounted on the frame 1, a first electric push rod 12 is fixed on the second bracket, and the telescopic end of the first electric push rod 12 extends to the bottom of the frame 1 and is connected to a soil covering scraper 10;

[0055] The seed screening mechanism is arranged on the vehicle frame 1, and is used for screening the seeds. After the seed screening mechanism screens the seeds, the sowing mechanism sows the seeds.

[0056] Specifically, the seed screening mechanism includes a screening box 15 mounted on the top of the frame 1, a feeding pipe 20 and a water feeding pipe 21 are installed on the top of the screening box 15, and a drain valve 13 is connected to one side of the screening box 15, an intermittent feeding structure is provided at the bottom of the interior of the screening box 15, and a salvaging component for collecting bad seeds is also provided on the screening box 15, the intermittent feeding structure connects the interior of the screening box 15 with the sowing structure, and a filter cover 41 for covering the water inlet end of the drain valve 13 is installed on the inner wall of the screening box 15; wherein, an observation window for convenient observation of the liquid level is provided on one side of the screening box 15, and the highest point of the liquid level in the screening box 15 does not exceed two-thirds of the position of the observation window;

[0057] The intermittent unloading structure includes a partition 28, a dual-axis motor 32 is installed at the bottom of the partition 28, and a unloading valve 30 is embedded on one side of the partition 28, one of the output shafts of the dual-axis motor 32 extends to the top of the partition 28, and is installed with a first scraper plate 31, and the bottom of the first scraper plate 31 is in contact with the top of the partition 28, and the unloading valve 30 can adopt an electric one-way valve.

[0058] Furthermore, the salvage component includes a salvage basket 27 disposed inside the screening box 15, and a side plate 25 fixed to the top of the screening box 15, a movable frame 22 is disposed on one side of the side plate 25, and a second electric push rod 23 is installed on the top of the movable frame 22, the telescopic end of the second electric push rod 23 extends into the screening box 15 and is fixedly connected to the top of the salvage basket 27, a second motor 24 is fixed on one side of the side plate 25, and an installation cavity is opened inside the side plate 25, and a second motor 24 is installed in the installation cavity. There is a rotatable screw rod 39, and a screw rod seat 40 is screwed on the screw rod 39 through a threaded engagement. One side of the screw rod seat 40 extends to the outside of the side plate 25 and is fixedly connected to the movable frame 22. The second motor 24 is used to drive the screw rod 39 to rotate. A positioning block 35 for limiting the salvage basket 27 is also installed on the inner wall of the screening box 15. A salvage port 36 is opened on the top of the screening box 15, and a movable slot 37 for the telescopic end of the second electric push rod 23 to move is also opened on the top of the screening box 15.

[0059] By adopting the above technical solution:

[0060] When sowing, the seeds are first screened by the specific gravity method, that is, the seeds are added into the screening box 15 through the feeding pipe 20, and then water is added into the screening box 15 through the water adding pipe 21, and the liquid level is observed through the observation window. At this time, the dry and shrunken bad seeds in the seeds float on the liquid surface, while the qualified seeds sink in the water and accumulate on the partition 28. Then, the second electric push rod 23 drives the salvage basket 27 to descend in the screening box 15 until the bottom of the salvage basket 27 hits the positioning block 35, and the second motor 24 drives the screw rod 39 to rotate, so that the screw rod 39 passes through the screw rod seat 40. The movable frame 22 is driven to move along the top of the screening box 15. At this time, the movable frame 22 drives the salvage basket 27 to move horizontally along the inside of the screening box 15 until the salvage basket 27 moves to the other side of the screening box 15. During the movement, the salvage basket 27 collects the floating bad seeds, and then the salvage basket 27 is driven to rise by the second electric push rod 23, so that the salvage basket 27 picks up the collected bad seeds. Then the staff clears the bad seeds in the salvage basket 27 from the salvage opening 36, and drives the screw rod 39 to reverse through the second motor 24 to drive the salvage basket 27 to move and reset. After that, the water is discharged through the drain valve 13, and the seeds on the partition 28 are discharged into the seeding bucket 29 through the discharge valve 30. At this time, the dual-axis motor 32 drives the first scraper plate 31 to rotate, so that the first scraper plate 31 scrapes the seeds, promoting the seeds to fall from the discharge valve 30, and with the rotation of the first scraper plate 31, the inlet of the discharge valve 30 can be intermittently covered, so that the seeds intermittently fall into the seeding bucket 29 through the discharge valve 30. At this time, the staff starts the device through the control switch 5 on the handrail 4, and the engine 2 works to provide power for the drive wheel 3, so that the drive wheel 3 The entire device is driven to move. During the movement, the staff can use the handrail 4 to steer the frame 1 under the action of the auxiliary wheel 26, so that the sowing device moves along the planting ground. At this time, the third electric push rod 38 drives the furrow opener 19 to descend, so that the furrow opener 19 digs furrows on the planting ground to form planting furrows, and then the sowing bucket 29 sows seeds into the planting furrows through the sowing tube 16. As the device moves, the first electric push rod 12 drives the soil covering scraper 10 to descend to backfill the soil into the planting furrow, so as to cover the seeds with soil and bury them, thereby completing the automatic sowing of agricultural planting.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] On the basis of Example 1, Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, a stirring mechanism 14 is also provided on the screening box 15, and the stirring mechanism 14 includes a first motor 141 fixed on the outer wall of the screening box 15, and a shaft 142 horizontally installed inside the screening box 15, and a plurality of stirring rods 143 are installed on the shaft 142 and are evenly spaced along the axial direction thereof, and a sub-rod 144 is fixed to each of the plurality of stirring rods 143.

[0063] By adopting the above technical solution:

[0064] When screening seeds, the first motor 141 can be used to drive the shaft 142 to rotate, so that the shaft 142 drives the stirring rod 143 to rotate, and the auxiliary rod 144 on the stirring rod 143 rotates synchronously to stir the seeds and water in the screening box 15, so that the seeds and the water are fully mixed, which helps the shriveled and bad seeds float on the liquid surface and prevents the bad seeds from being mixed with qualified seeds, thereby helping to improve the seed screening effect and facilitate seed planting.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] On the basis of Example 1, Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the frame 1 is also provided with a blowing component for drying the screened seeds, and the blowing component includes a heating box 17 installed on the top of the frame 1, and a blowing nozzle arranged on the inner wall of the sowing bucket 29, a hot air blower is arranged inside the heating box 17, and a heating pipe 18 is connected between the air outlet end of the hot air blower and the blowing nozzle, a mounting frame 33 is also arranged inside the sowing bucket 29, and a second scraper plate 34 is installed on one side of the mounting frame 33, and one side of the second scraper plate 34 can contact the inner wall of the sowing bucket 29, and the mounting frame 33 is installed on the other output shaft of the dual-axis motor 32.

[0067] By adopting the above technical solution:

[0068] After the seeds are screened, when the qualified seeds are discharged into the sowing bucket 29 by the discharge valve 30, the hot air can be generated by the hot air blower built into the heating box 17, and is input into the blowing nozzle through the heating pipe 18, and then the hot air is blown to the falling seeds through the blowing nozzle to dry the seeds, so that the seeds can be germinated into seedlings after being sown through the sowing tube 16, and the seeds can be prevented from rotting due to moisture, which is conducive to improving the germination rate of the seeds;

[0069] At the same time, during the seed drying process, the dual-axis motor 32 drives the mounting frame 33 to rotate, so that the mounting frame 33 drives the second scraper plate 34 to rotate to stir the seeds, which is beneficial to the uniform drying of the seeds, can improve the drying effect of the seeds, and further realize the efficient drying of the seeds.

[0070] Example 4

[0071] On the basis of Example 1, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a wastewater recycling mechanism is also provided on the frame 1, and the wastewater recycling mechanism includes a water tank 11 installed on the top of the frame 1, and a connecting frame 7 fixed to the bottom of the frame 1, one side of the water tank 11 is connected to the drain valve 13, and a pump body is provided inside the water tank 11, a water spray plate 6 is installed at the bottom end of the connecting frame 7, and evenly distributed water spray nozzles 8 are provided at the bottom of the water spray plate 6, a water supply hose 9 is connected between one side of the water spray plate 6 and the water outlet end of the pump body, and the water spray plate 6 is located on the side of the soil covering scraper 10 opposite to the sowing pipe 16.

[0072] By adopting the above technical solution:

[0073] After the seed screening is completed, when the salvaging component collects and fishes out the bad seeds, the waste water in the screening box 15 can be discharged into the water tank 11 through the drain valve 13, and then the water body is pumped out through the pump body built into the water tank 11, and is fed into the water spray plate 6 through the water hose 9, and then the water body is sprayed onto the planting ground after covering the soil through the water spray nozzle 8, so as to realize watering after sowing, without the need for subsequent watering operations, and further realize the automation of the sowing device;

[0074] In order to save water resources, the water nozzle 8 can adopt an atomizing nozzle, or use drip irrigation for watering, which will not be described in detail here.

[0075] In addition, based on the above embodiments, the present invention also provides a fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing method, which is applicable to the fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device in any of the above embodiments, such as Fig.10 As shown, the sowing method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0076] S1. First, add the seeds into the seed screening mechanism to screen the seeds, and use the salvaging components to collect the bad seeds, and arrange the qualified seeds into the sowing structure;

[0077] S2. The device is automatically moved along the agricultural planting land by a self-propelled vehicle body;

[0078] S3, driving the trenching parts to trench the agricultural planting land by the movement of the vehicle body to form a planting trench;

[0079] S4, then using a sowing mechanism to sow qualified seeds in the planting furrow;

[0080] S5. Then, the soil covering operation is performed through the soil covering piece to fill the soil back into the planting ditch to cover the seeds, thereby completing the automatic sowing operation in agriculture.

[0081] The above description is only by way of illustration of certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It is undoubted that those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device, characterized in that: include: A self-propelled vehicle body, the vehicle body comprising a frame (1), a driving wheel (3) and an auxiliary wheel (26) being mounted on the bottom of the frame (1), and an engine (2) for providing power to the driving wheel (3) being mounted on the frame (1), a handrail (4) being fixed on one side of the frame (1), and a control switch (5) being mounted on the handrail (4); A furrowing member is arranged on the vehicle frame (1) and is used for furrowing on the planting ground; A sowing structure, arranged on the vehicle frame (1), and used for sowing seeds into the planting furrow; A soil covering member is arranged on the vehicle frame (1) and is used to cover the planting furrow with soil after sowing; A seed screening mechanism is arranged on a vehicle frame (1), and is used to screen seeds. After the seed screening mechanism screens the seeds, the sowing mechanism sows the seeds.

2. A fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed screening mechanism comprises a screening box (15) mounted on the top of the frame (1), a feeding pipe (20) and a water feeding pipe (21) are installed on the top of the screening box (15), and a drain valve (13) is connected to one side of the screening box (15), an intermittent feeding structure is arranged at the bottom of the interior of the screening box (15), and a salvaging component for collecting bad seeds is also arranged on the screening box (15), the intermittent feeding structure connects the interior of the screening box (15) with the sowing structure, and a filter cover (41) for covering the water inlet end of the drain valve (13) is installed on the inner wall of the screening box (15); The intermittent unloading structure comprises a partition (28), a double-axis motor (32) is installed at the bottom of the partition (28), and a unloading valve (30) is embedded on one side of the partition (28), one of the output shafts of the double-axis motor (32) extends to the top of the partition (28), and a first scraper plate (31) is installed, and the bottom of the first scraper plate (31) is in contact with the top of the partition (28).

3. A fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The salvage component comprises a salvage basket (27) arranged inside the screening box (15), and a side plate (25) fixed to the top of the screening box (15); a movable frame (22) is arranged on one side of the side plate (25), and a second electric push rod (23) is installed on the top of the movable frame (22); a telescopic end of the second electric push rod (23) extends into the screening box (15) and is fixedly connected to the top of the salvage basket (27); a second motor (24) is fixed on one side of the side plate (25), and an installation cavity is opened inside the side plate (25), and a rotatable motor (24) is installed in the installation cavity. The screw rod (39) is connected to the screw rod (39) by screw thread, and a screw rod seat (40) is screwed on the screw rod (39) by screw thread, one side of the screw rod seat (40) extends to the outside of the side plate (25) and is fixedly connected to the movable frame (22), the second motor (24) is used to drive the screw rod (39) to rotate, and a positioning block (35) for limiting the salvage basket (27) is also installed on the inner wall of the screening box (15), and a salvage opening (36) is opened on the top of the screening box (15), and a moving slot (37) for the telescopic end of the second electric push rod (23) to move is also opened on the top of the screening box (15).

4. A fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The screening box (15) is also provided with a stirring mechanism (14), and the stirring mechanism (14) comprises a first motor (141) fixed on the outer wall of the screening box (15), and a shaft (142) horizontally installed inside the screening box (15), and a plurality of stirring rods (143) are installed on the shaft (142) and are distributed at equal intervals along the axial direction thereof, and auxiliary rods (144) are fixed on the plurality of stirring rods (143).

5. The fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trenching member comprises a first bracket fixed on the top of the frame (1), a third electric push rod (38) is mounted on the first bracket, and the telescopic end of the third electric push rod (38) extends to the bottom of the frame (1) and is connected to a trenching device (19).

6. A fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sowing structure comprises a sowing bucket (29) installed at the bottom end of the screening box (15), and a sowing pipe (16) extending to the bottom of the frame (1) is fixed to the bottom end of the sowing bucket (29).

7. A fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The soil covering member comprises a second bracket mounted on a vehicle frame (1), a first electric push rod (12) being fixed on the second bracket, and a telescopic end of the first electric push rod (12) extending to the bottom of the vehicle frame (1) and connected to a soil covering scraper (10).

8. The fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The frame (1) is also provided with a blowing component for drying the screened seeds, and the blowing component comprises a heating box (17) mounted on the top of the frame (1) and a blowing nozzle arranged on the inner wall of the sowing bucket (29); a hot air blower is arranged inside the heating box (17), and a heating pipe (18) is connected between the air outlet end of the hot air blower and the blowing nozzle; a mounting frame (33) is also arranged inside the sowing bucket (29), and a second scraper plate (34) is mounted on one side of the mounting frame (33), and one side of the second scraper plate (34) can contact the inner wall of the sowing bucket (29); the mounting frame (33) is mounted on the other output shaft of the double-axis motor (32).

9. The fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The frame (1) is also provided with a wastewater recycling mechanism, and the wastewater recycling mechanism comprises a water tank (11) mounted on the top of the frame (1), and a connecting frame (7) fixed at the bottom of the frame (1); one side of the water tank (11) is connected to a drain valve (13), and a pump body is arranged inside the water tank (11); a water spray disc (6) is mounted at the bottom of the connecting frame (7), and evenly distributed water spray nozzles (8) are arranged at the bottom of the water spray disc (6); a water delivery hose (9) is connected between one side of the water spray disc (6) and the water outlet end of the pump body, and the water spray disc (6) is located on the side of the soil covering scraper (10) opposite to the sowing pipe (16).

10. A fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing method, applicable to the fully automatic agricultural planting and sowing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The sowing method specifically comprises the following steps: S1. First, add the seeds into the seed screening mechanism to screen the seeds, collect the bad seeds by using the salvaging components, and place the qualified seeds into the sowing structure; S2. Automatically moving the device along the agricultural planting land by the self-propelled vehicle body; S3, driving the trenching member to trench the agricultural planting land by the movement of the vehicle body to form a planting trench; S4, then using the sowing mechanism to sow qualified seeds in the planting furrow; S5. Then, the soil covering operation is performed through the soil covering piece to fill the soil back into the planting ditch to cover the seeds, thereby completing the automatic sowing operation in agriculture.

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