Precise sowing and cultivating method for proso millet

Abstract

A precise sowing and cultivation method for proso millet comprises the steps that firstly, a biomass fiber inclusion is prepared, and the biomass fiber inclusion is at least prepared from one or the combination of any more of saw dust, bran, rice hulls or coconut fibers as a raw material; 2, glutinous millet seeds are taken and evenly mixed with the biomass fiber inclusion, then a mixed solution is added and evenly stirred, sowing slurry is prepared, rice water serves as a base material of the mixed solution, and a plant nutrient is mixed in the rice water. According to the invention, the sowing slurry is prepared, the glutinous millet seeds are mixed in the sowing slurry, and the precise sowing of the glutinous millet seeds can be realized only by taking a certain amount of the sowing slurry for sowing in each time of sowing. According to the invention, synchronous seed and fertilizer application can be realized, and labor intensity is reduced. The method is suitable for precise planting of the millet in a small-scale test field or a small-scale family, accurate research data can be provided for scientific research, or the planting cost is saved for family planting, and the labor intensity is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field related to millet planting, and more specifically, particularly relates to a millet precision sowing and cultivation method. Background Art

[0002] Millet is the main crop of dryland agriculture in the north. The cake made from millet threshing and grinding is a staple food loved by local people. Millet is mostly planted extensively in arable land in hilly areas with poor water and fertilizer. Its planting is mainly based on traditional hand-throwing sowing, that is, the farmer relies on experience and hand feeling to randomly grab millet seeds and then throw them into the plowed soil. The problem with this kind of hand-throwing sowing is that the sowing amount depends on experience and hand feeling, and it is impossible to achieve precise sowing. In addition, after sowing, millet needs to be fertilized again, and it is impossible to sow and fertilize simultaneously, which will increase the workload of millet planting. Summary of the invention

[0003] 1. Technical issues

[0004] In summary, how to provide a precision sowing method for millet to achieve accurate sowing of millet and simultaneously achieve sowing and fertilizing has become an urgent problem to be solved by technical personnel in this field.

[0005] (II) Technical solution

[0006] The present invention provides a millet precision sowing and cultivation method. In the present invention, the millet precision sowing and cultivation method comprises the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: preparing a biomass fiber inclusion body, wherein the biomass fiber inclusion body is prepared from at least one of sawdust, bran, rice husk or coconut palm or any combination of several thereof as raw materials;

[0008] Step 2: Take millet seeds and mix them evenly with the biomass fiber inclusions, then add the mixed solution and stir evenly to form a seeding slurry, wherein the mixed solution uses rice soup as a base material, and plant nutrients are mixed in the rice soup.

[0009] Preferably, in the precision seeding and cultivation method for millet provided by the present invention, in the step 1, the content ratio of the biomass fiber inclusions to the millet seeds is in the range of 80:1-200:1, calculated by mass fraction.

[0010] Preferably, in the millet precision seeding and cultivation method provided by the present invention, the particle size of the raw material used to prepare the biomass fiber inclusion body is not greater than 2 mm.

[0011] Preferably, in the millet precision seeding and cultivation method provided by the present invention, in the step one, the raw material of the biomass fiber inclusion body is a mixture of sawdust and bran; wherein, by mass fraction, it contains 90-95 parts of sawdust and 10-5 parts of bran; after the sawdust and bran are mixed, they are fermented.

[0012] Preferably, in the precision seeding and cultivation method for millet provided by the present invention, in the step one, the raw material of the biomass fiber inclusion body is a mixture of coconut palm and rice husk; wherein, by mass fraction, it contains 85-95 parts of coconut palm and 15-5 parts of rice husk; after the coconut palm and rice husk are mixed, they are fermented.

[0013] Preferably, in the millet precision sowing and cultivation method provided by the present invention, the process of the fermentation treatment is as follows:

[0014] According to the mass fraction, take 500 parts of the mixed raw materials and 2 parts of urea for standby use;

[0015] Adjust the moisture content of sawdust or coconut palm to 60% to 65%, and take it as a rough standard that water does not fall out of the fingers when you grab a handful of it;

[0016] Mix urea with water according to the instructions and spray it on sawdust or coconut coir, then pile the materials naturally and cover them with breathable coverings;

[0017] After 7 to 10 days of stacking the materials, when the fermentation temperature reaches 55℃-65℃, turn them over every 24 to 36 hours. After turning them over 2-3 times, leave them naturally for 5 to 7 days. Fermentation is complete when the fermentation temperature stabilizes below 40℃.

[0018] Preferably, in the precision seeding and cultivation method for millet provided by the present invention, when adjusting the moisture content of the sawdust or the coconut palm, a biological fermentation agent is added to the water used for adjustment.

[0019] Preferably, in the precision seeding and cultivation method for millet provided by the present invention, in the step 2, the biological nutrient comprises at least a slow-release compound fertilizer.

[0020] Preferably, in the millet precision seeding and cultivation method provided by the present invention, in the step 2, the seeding slurry is evenly divided into 2 cubic centimeters to 3 cubic centimeters of slurry and then dried.

[0021] Preferably, in the millet precision seeding and cultivation method provided by the present invention, the drying is natural air-drying, air-drying or oven-drying, wherein the drying temperature is not greater than 40° C., and the continuous drying time does not exceed 24 hours.

[0022] (III) Beneficial effects

[0023] From the above, it can be seen that the present invention provides a precision seeding and cultivation method for millet. In the present invention, the precision seeding and cultivation method for millet comprises the following steps: step one, preparing a biomass fiber inclusion body, wherein the biomass fiber inclusion body is prepared from at least one of sawdust, bran, rice husk or coconut palm or a combination of any several of them as raw materials; step two, taking millet seeds and mixing them evenly with the biomass fiber inclusion body, and then adding a mixed solution and stirring evenly to form a seeding slurry, wherein the mixed solution is based on rice soup, and plant nutrients are mixed in the rice soup. The present invention, through the design of the sowing and cultivation method, can make the present invention at least include the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: 1. Prepare the sowing slurry, and mix the millet seeds in the sowing slurry. Only a certain amount of sowing slurry needs to be taken for sowing each time, so as to realize the precision sowing of millet seeds; 2. Mix a variety of plant nutrients and slow-release fertilizers in the sowing slurry, which can not only improve the survival rate of millet seeds, but also realize quantitative fertilization, avoid the problem of insufficient fertility or root burning in the nutrition process; 3. Seeding and fertilization can be carried out simultaneously, reducing labor intensity. The millet precision sowing and cultivation method provided by the present invention is suitable for precision planting of millet in small-scale test fields or small-scale families, and can provide accurate research data for scientific research, or save planting costs and reduce labor intensity for family planting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of a precision millet seeding and cultivation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of a precision millet seeding and cultivation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] The present invention provides a millet precision sowing and cultivation method for realizing the precision sowing of millet seeds (small-grain seeds). The present invention is suitable for precision planting of millet in small-scale experimental fields or small-scale families, and is used to provide accurate research data for scientific research, or to save planting costs and reduce labor intensity for family planting.

[0028] In the present invention, the precision sowing and cultivation method of millet includes the following two steps: step one, preparing a biomass fiber inclusion body, wherein the biomass fiber inclusion body is prepared from at least one of sawdust, bran, rice husk or coconut palm or a combination of any several of them as raw materials; step two, taking millet seeds and mixing them evenly with the biomass fiber inclusion body, and then adding a mixed solution and stirring evenly to form a sowing slurry, wherein the mixed solution uses rice soup as a base material, and a plant nutrient is mixed in the rice soup.

[0029] In the prior art, since millet is mostly planted in a rough manner on arable land in hilly areas with poor water and fertilizer, its planting is mainly based on traditional hand-throwing sowing, which makes it impossible to achieve precise sowing of millet. At the same time, after sowing, the sower needs to apply fertilizer again, and sowing and fertilizing cannot be achieved simultaneously, which significantly increases the workload of millet planting.

[0030] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is conceived to quantify millet seeds. Since the particle size of millet seeds is very small, they are sown by hand, and the sowing amount of millet is different each time. The present invention quantifies millet seeds by mixing biomass fiber inclusions with millet seeds, and then quantitatively taking sowing slurry for sowing, so as to achieve precise sowing of millet seeds. After adopting the solution of biomass fiber inclusions, the biomass fiber inclusions can also provide a relatively loose growth environment for millet seeds. This loose growth environment is not only breathable, but also has excellent water retention, which can promote the rapid rooting and germination of millet seeds and improve the germination rate of millet seeds. In addition, the biomass fiber inclusions also have a certain isolation effect, so that the granular slow-release fertilizer does not come into direct contact with the millet seeds (the slow-release fertilizer is a granular slow-release fertilizer, which is mixed with the millet seeds in the biomass fiber inclusions, which can isolate the slow-release fertilizer from direct contact with the millet seeds to the greatest extent, thus reducing the occurrence of root burn). In addition, the plant nutrients and millet seeds are mixed together in the biomass fiber inclusions, and in one throwing action, sowing and fertilizing can be achieved at the same time, achieving the purpose of synchronous sowing and fertilizing.

[0031] Millet seeds are taken and mixed evenly with the biomass fiber inclusions, and then the mixed solution is added and stirred evenly to form a sowing slurry. The present invention can use a long-handled spoon for sowing, and sowing one spoon each time can achieve quantitative and precise sowing. Of course, the present invention can also dry the sowing slurry to form "seed blocks" one by one. Each time sowing, only one "seed block" needs to be sown to complete sowing and fertilization.

[0032] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the step 1, the content ratio of the biomass fiber inclusions to the millet seeds is in the range of 80:1-200:1 by mass fraction. The main material of the biomass fiber inclusions in the present invention is sawdust or coconut palm. The water content of fresh sawdust is generally high, and the fresh sawdust per unit volume is heavier. Therefore, when mixing, the mass fraction ratio of fresh sawdust to millet seeds can be selected as the highest 200:1. If coconut palm or drier sawdust is selected, which has a lower water content, the mass fraction ratio of drier sawdust or coconut palm to millet seeds can be selected as the lowest 80:1. Of course, the ratio can also be selected based on the experience of the sower, and it is not limited too much here.

[0033] In order to make the millet seeds mixed more evenly in the biomass fiber inclusions, the particle size of the biomass fiber inclusions should be as small as possible. If the particle size is too large, it is not only difficult to make seed slurry, but also easy to cause uneven distribution of millet seeds. After many tests, it was determined that the particle size of the raw materials used to prepare the biomass fiber inclusions is no more than 2 mm, and 2 mm-1.5 mm is the best.

[0034] There are two optimal preparation schemes for biomass fiber inclusions: 1. In step 1, the raw material of the biomass fiber inclusions is a mixture of sawdust and bran; wherein, by mass fraction, it contains 90-95 parts of sawdust and 10-5 parts of bran; after the sawdust and bran are mixed, they are fermented; 2. In step 1, the raw material of the biomass fiber inclusions is a mixture of coconut palm and rice husk; wherein, by mass fraction, it contains 85-95 parts of coconut palm and 15-5 parts of rice husk; after the coconut palm and rice husk are mixed, they are fermented. In scheme 1, it is mainly sawdust, and in scheme 2, it is mainly coconut palm.

[0035] Biomass fiber inclusions are organic materials. If they are not composted, they are not only easy to breed bacteria and pests, but also easy to cause a decrease in fertility. Therefore, the present invention requires fermentation and composting of the raw materials of the biomass fiber inclusions. In the present invention, the process of the fermentation treatment is as follows: according to the mass fraction, take 500 parts of the mixed raw materials and 2 parts of urea for standby; adjust the moisture content of sawdust or coconut palm to 60% to 65%, with the rough standard that the water does not fall from the fingers when you grab a handful with your hand; adjust the urea according to the instructions for use and spray it on the sawdust or coconut palm, and then naturally stack the materials and cover them with a breathable cover; after 7 to 10 days, when the fermentation temperature reaches 55°C-65°C, turn it over every 24 to 36 hours, turn it over 2-3 times and leave it naturally for 5 to 7 days, and complete the fermentation when the fermentation temperature is stable below 40°C.

[0036] When sawdust is used as the raw material of the biomass fiber inclusion body, the fermentation method of the sawdust is as follows: 1. Take 0.6 to 0.7 cubic meters of sawdust (close to 100-110 kg), 1 bag of microbial fermentation agent, 2 kg of urea, and 20 kg of bran or bran; then measure the water content of the sawdust to determine the amount of water to be added, and adjust the water content of the sawdust to be fermented to 60% to 65% (generally, it is roughly standard to grab a handful with the hand and no water falls between the fingers). Too high or too low water content is not conducive to fermentation. Then, add 2kg of urea to an appropriate amount of water to make urea water for later use; because too little is not convenient for evenly spreading, one bag of biological fermentation agent should be evenly mixed with about 20kg of bran to increase the amount of the mixture of fermentation agent and bran to 21-22kg. This larger amount is convenient for evenly spreading it into the sawdust pile to be fermented; the prepared fermentation agent and bran mixture is evenly mixed in the sawdust, and then the prepared urea water is sprinkled on the inoculated sawdust, and then the sawdust is spread. Pile it into a big pile and cover it with breathable material after stacking. Turn it over during the fermentation process. After 7 to 10 days, the fermentation temperature of the piled sawdust reaches about 60℃. It can be turned over once after 24 to 36 hours under high temperature conditions of about 60℃, and then turned over for the second time when the temperature reaches 60℃. After the second turning, leave it naturally for 5 to 7 days. Fermentation is completed when the fermentation temperature stabilizes below 40℃. Under normal conditions, fermentation can be completed in 25 to 30 days (after-ripening can be extended to 30 to 45 days).

[0037] Furthermore, in the present invention, when adjusting the water content of the sawdust or the coconut palm, a biological fermentation agent is added to the water used for adjustment.

[0038] Specifically, in step 2, the biological nutrient at least includes a slow-release compound fertilizer.

[0039] As can be seen from the above, the present invention can be used to directly sow the seeding slurry, or to prepare it into a dry "seed block" for sowing. When the "seed block" sowing scheme is adopted, in the step 2, the seeding slurry is evenly divided into 2-3 cubic centimeters of slurry and then dried. Specifically, the drying is natural drying, air drying or drying, wherein the drying temperature is not greater than 40°C, and the continuous drying time does not exceed 24 hours.

[0040] Millet is a typical drought-resistant crop, but it will grow rapidly in plots with abundant water and fertilizer. When the stems are high, they are prone to lodging in strong winds and rains, and are prone to late maturity and early frost damage. The traditional millet planting in Datong City is relatively extensive, just for the convenience of labor, not for high yields. Generally, it takes advantage of the high fertilizer application of the previous crop and then appropriately applies organic fertilizer. The following dryland fertilization scheme can be roughly referred to: without any fertilizer, excluding bird damage factors, the yield per mu in spring planting and autumn harvest is generally about 100kg; applying 750kg of farmyard manure, 15kg of compound fertilizer, and 4kg of urea, the yield is about 200kg; applying 1500kg of farmyard manure, 20kg of compound fertilizer, and 7.5kg of urea, the yield is about 300kg. The farmyard manure applied last year can be used to offset the same amount of farmyard manure due to its aftereffect. In recent years, due to the simplicity and ease of applying chemical fertilizers, and the fact that most rural laborers are elderly, the application of farmyard manure has dropped significantly, and even no farmyard manure is applied. Generally speaking, only 20kg of compound fertilizer and 7.5kg of urea are applied per mu, and the yield per mu in normal years is about 250kg.

[0041] A specific implementation of the present invention is as follows: taking one mu of sowing as an example, the sowing amount of millet seeds is 1.5 kg, 150 kg of dry sawdust with a diameter of about 2 mm and 30 kg of bran (a ratio of 120:1) are taken, 20 kg of slow-release compound fertilizer and 7.5 kg of urea are taken; sawdust, urea, bran and biological fermentation bacteria are mixed and stirred while watering, during which a part of the wet materials are randomly grabbed by hand, and lightly grasped without dripping and released without scattering, then watering is stopped; the materials are naturally piled up and covered with plastic cloth (small holes with a diameter of 2-3 cm are evenly distributed on the plastic cloth, and the opening area is not more than one quarter of the area of ​​the plastic cloth); fermentation is carried out according to the process; after fermentation, the materials are loaded into a large container, the compound fertilizer and millet seeds are mixed and stirred, and rice soup is added during the stirring process until a sowing slurry is formed; the number of sowing points of one mu of land is calculated, and then the total volume of the sowing slurry is calculated, and a suitable long-handled ladle (the spoon head can be replaced to adjust the sowing capacity each time) is selected to sow. If "seed blocks" need to be sown, for example, prepared by the manufacturer, the "seed blocks" can be prepared according to the optimal ratio obtained by professionals through a limited number of calculations. At that time, the sower only needs to sow one "seed block" at each sowing point.

[0042] From the above, it can be seen that the present invention provides a precision seeding and cultivation method for millet. In the present invention, the precision seeding and cultivation method for millet comprises the following steps: step one, preparing a biomass fiber inclusion body, wherein the biomass fiber inclusion body is prepared from at least one of sawdust, bran, rice husk or coconut palm or a combination of any several of them as raw materials; step two, taking millet seeds and mixing them evenly with the biomass fiber inclusion body, and then adding a mixed solution and stirring evenly to form a seeding slurry, wherein the mixed solution is based on rice soup, and plant nutrients are mixed in the rice soup. The present invention, through the design of the sowing and cultivation method, can make the present invention at least include the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: 1. Prepare the sowing slurry, and mix the millet seeds in the sowing slurry. Only a certain amount of sowing slurry needs to be taken for sowing each time, so as to realize the precision sowing of millet seeds; 2. Mix a variety of plant nutrients and slow-release fertilizers in the sowing slurry, which can not only improve the survival rate of millet seeds, but also realize quantitative fertilization, avoid the problem of insufficient fertility or root burning in the nutrition process; 3. Seeding and fertilization can be carried out simultaneously, reducing labor intensity. The millet precision sowing and cultivation method provided by the present invention is suitable for precision planting of millet in small-scale test fields or small-scale families, and can provide accurate research data for scientific research, or save planting costs and reduce labor intensity for family planting.

[0043] It should be noted that the millet precision seeding and cultivation method provided by the present invention can be made into "seed blocks" by manufacturers for sale. When the "seed blocks" are prepared by the manufacturer, sawdust is preferably used as the raw material of the biomass fiber inclusions, which has a low cost and can be fermented on a large scale. The millet precision seeding and cultivation method provided by the present invention can be implemented by farmers themselves. In the method implemented by farmers themselves, farmers prefer coconut palm as the raw material of the biomass fiber inclusions, which can be used directly without fermentation, saving fermentation steps, reducing the sowing workload and rapid sowing. When used for scientific research, the raw materials of the biomass fiber inclusions are selected according to research needs.

[0044] It is known from common technical knowledge that the present invention can be implemented by other embodiments that do not deviate from its spirit or essential features. Therefore, the above disclosed embodiments are only illustrative in all respects and are not exclusive. All changes within the scope of the present invention or within the scope equivalent to the present invention are included in the present invention.

Claims

1. A millet precision sowing and cultivation method, characterized in that: include: Step 1: preparing a biomass fiber inclusion body, wherein the biomass fiber inclusion body is prepared from at least one of sawdust, bran, rice husk or coconut palm or any combination of several thereof as raw materials; Step 2: Take millet seeds and mix them evenly with the biomass fiber inclusions, then add the mixed solution and stir evenly to form a seeding slurry, wherein the mixed solution uses rice soup as a base material, and plant nutrients are mixed in the rice soup.

2. The millet precision sowing and cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, the ratio of the biomass fiber inclusions to the millet seeds is in the range of 80:1-200:1 by mass fraction.

3. The millet precision sowing and cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the raw material used to prepare the biomass fiber inclusion is no greater than 2 mm.

4. The millet precision sowing and cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, the raw material of the biomass fiber inclusion body is a mixture of sawdust and bran; wherein, by mass fraction, it contains 90-95 parts of sawdust and 10-5 parts of bran; after the sawdust and bran are mixed, they are fermented.

5. The millet precision sowing and cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the raw material of the biomass fiber inclusion body is a mixture of coconut palm and rice husk; wherein, by mass fraction, it contains 85-95 parts of coconut palm and 15-5 parts of rice husk; after the coconut palm and rice husk are mixed, they are fermented.

6. The millet precision sowing and cultivation method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The process of the fermentation treatment is as follows: According to the mass fraction, take 500 parts of the mixed raw materials and 2 parts of urea for standby use; Adjust the moisture content of sawdust or coconut palm to 60% to 65%, and take it as a rough standard that water does not fall out of the fingers when you grab a handful of it; Mix urea with water according to the instructions and spray it on sawdust or coconut coir, then pile the materials naturally and cover them with breathable coverings; After 7 to 10 days of stacking the materials, when the fermentation temperature reaches 55℃-65℃, turn them over every 24 to 36 hours. After turning them over 2-3 times, leave them naturally for 5 to 7 days. Fermentation is complete when the fermentation temperature stabilizes below 40℃.

7. The millet precision sowing and cultivation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the water content of the sawdust or the coconut palm is adjusted, a biological fermentation agent is added to the water used for adjustment.

8. The millet precision sowing and cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2, the biological nutrient at least includes a slow-release compound fertilizer.

9. The millet precision sowing and cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2, the seeding slurry is evenly divided into 2-3 cubic centimeters of slurry and then dried.

10. The millet precision sowing and cultivation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The drying is natural airing, air drying or oven drying, wherein the drying temperature is not greater than 40° C. and the continuous drying time is not more than 24 hours.

Images