Method for determining allowable phosphate fertilizer application surplus of regional rice

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for determining the allowable phosphate fertilizer application surplus of regional rice, and relates to the technical field of agriculture. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining the phosphate fertilizer yield increase of regional rice according to field experiment data; constructing a regression relationship between the phosphorus application amount and the yield increase; establishing a linear relationship between the phosphorus application amount and the phosphorus apparent equilibrium amount; the data range of phosphorus partial nutrient balance is determined based on the phosphate fertilizer yield increment of regional rice, and then the phosphorus application amount range is obtained; according to the relation between the phosphorus applying amount and the phosphorus apparent equilibrium amount, the range value of the phosphorus apparent equilibrium amount is determined, namely, the allowable phosphorus applying surplus amount of the regional rice is obtained, and after data conversion, the allowable phosphorus fertilizer applying surplus amount of the regional rice is obtained. According to the method, the yield of the rice is guaranteed, meanwhile, phosphorite resources are saved and utilized to the maximum extent, and feasible measures are provided for intensive management of phosphate fertilizer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, and in particular to a method for determining the allowable surplus amount of phosphorus fertilizer application for rice in a region. Background Art

[0002] Phosphorus fertilizer application plays an important role in promoting rice growth and development, improving rice quality, increasing rice yield and enhancing rice stress resistance. As one of the essential nutrients for crop growth and development, phosphorus is involved in the formation of substances such as phospholipids, cell membranes and proteins, as well as energy conversion. It plays an irreplaceable role in accelerating rice tillering and increasing rice starch content.

[0003] However, there is a serious problem of excessive phosphorus application in rice-growing areas. The long-term excessive application of fertilizers has weakened the yield-increasing effect of fertilization on rice, and has also caused problems such as low fertilizer utilization rate, waste of fertilizer resources, and environmental risks caused by fertilizer loss. In particular, the loss of phosphorus runoff from rice fields caused by the alternating drying and wetting of rice has become an important way to cause point source and non-point source pollution. As a mineral resource, the non-renewable nature of phosphate fertilizers has also led to a continuous decrease in reserves. With the continuous mining of phosphate mines, phosphate reserves are expected to be exhausted within the next 100 years. Relying on the traditional practice of increasing rice production by large amounts of phosphate fertilizers is unsustainable. The accumulation of phosphorus in the soil has led to a continuous decrease in the yield-increasing effect of rice phosphate application in some areas, and even the phenomenon of no increase in yield due to phosphate fertilizer application. Therefore, advocating reasonable phosphorus application is very important for increasing and stabilizing rice production and the sustainable development of agriculture.

[0004] Phosphorus fertilizers applied to the soil are easily fixed by mineral adsorption and chemical precipitation, so excessive application of phosphorus fertilizers will not have a sustained effect on increasing production. If we want to maintain the apparent phosphorus balance between the soil-plant system and improve the utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizers, we need to reduce the amount of phosphorus applied to the phosphorus balance level or below to significantly reduce soil phosphorus accumulation and phosphorus loss in high-phosphorus soils, but the premise is to ensure that crops do not reduce production. By improving phosphorus utilization efficiency and reducing phosphorus fertilizer input, it will have a very high driving effect on the world phosphorus cycle. Controlling the amount of phosphorus fertilizer applied to the apparent phosphorus balance level of the soil-plant system and determining the allowable surplus range of phosphorus fertilizers are important ways to solve the problem of excessive application and fixed losses of phosphorus fertilizers, and are also an indispensable and primary task in phosphorus fertilizer management. Determining the allowable phosphorus surplus range based on crop yield increment and phosphorus fertilizer recovery rate is of great significance to increasing crop yields, economical use of phosphorus fertilizers, reducing environmental point source and non-point source pollution caused by phosphorus fertilizer losses, and promoting the sustainable development of agriculture. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for determining the allowable surplus amount of phosphate fertilizer application for rice in a region, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for determining the allowable surplus amount of phosphate fertilizer application for rice in a region, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Based on the field experiment data, obtain the regional rice phosphate fertilizer yield increase data, that is, the yield increment of phosphate fertilizer;

[0009] Field experiment data requirements: the same plot of land contains the yields of treatments with and without phosphate fertilizer application; the amount of phosphate fertilizer applied and the rice yield are clear; except for the different amounts of phosphate fertilizer applied, other measures including planting patterns, farmland management, etc. are consistent;

[0010] Based on the yield of the treatment with phosphate fertilizer and the yield of the treatment without phosphate fertilizer, the quantitative relationship between the yield of the treatment with phosphate fertilizer and the yield of the treatment without phosphate fertilizer was established through formula (1): (the treatment with phosphate fertilizer refers to the application of all nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and the difference between the treatment without phosphate fertilizer and the treatment with phosphate fertilizer is that no phosphate fertilizer is applied)

[0011] Y0=a×Y (1);

[0012] In formula (1), Y represents the yield obtained under phosphorus fertilizer application, which is the treatment with the highest yield among the phosphorus fertilizer application treatments; Y0 represents the yield of the treatment without phosphorus application; a is a coefficient, which represents the ratio of the yield of the treatment without phosphorus application to the yield of the treatment with phosphorus application;

[0013] The yield-increasing efficiency of rice after applying phosphorus fertilizer can be calculated by formula (1):

[0014] Y OΔ =(1-a)×100 (2);

[0015] In formula (2), Y OΔ It indicates the yield increase rate (%) under the optimized application of phosphorus fertilizer;

[0016] S2. Construct the relationship between the amount of phosphorus applied and the yield increase of phosphorus fertilizer;

[0017] Calculate the yield increase rate under different phosphorus application rates:

[0018] Y Δ =(Y-Y0)÷Y0×100(3);

[0019] In formula (3), Y Δ represents the yield increase rate (%) under different phosphorus application rates, Y represents the yield with phosphorus fertilizer application, and Y0 represents the yield without phosphorus fertilizer application;

[0020] We can further obtain the relationship between the amount of phosphorus applied and the yield increase of phosphorus fertilizer:

[0021] Y Δ =b×F P 2+ c×F P +d (4);

[0022] In formula (3), F P represents the amount of phosphorus applied; b, c, d are coefficients;

[0023] Formula (3) can be used to calculate the increase in phosphorus yield and the corresponding amount of phosphorus applied under this increase;

[0024] The amount of phosphorus applied under the yield increase rate obtained by equations (1) and (2) can be further calculated;

[0025] S3. Establishing a linear relationship between the amount of phosphorus applied and the apparent balance of phosphorus; the apparent balance of phosphorus is the difference between the amount of phosphorus applied and the amount of phosphorus removed by the crop;

[0026] Phosphorus apparent balance (P Δ ) is calculated as:

[0027] P Δ =F P -R p (5);

[0028] In formula (5), P Δ represents the apparent balance of phosphorus; F P Indicates the amount of phosphorus applied; R p It represents the phosphorus removal of crops, which is the phosphorus removal of rice aboveground parts and the sum of phosphorus absorption of grains and straw;

[0029] Build P Δ and F P Linear relationships between parameters;

[0030] P Δ =e×F P +f(6);

[0031] In formula (6), P Δ represents the apparent balance of phosphorus; F P represents the amount of phosphorus applied; e is the coefficient; f is the constant;

[0032] S4. Data range for determining phosphorus nutrient balance based on regional rice phosphorus fertilizer yield increment:

[0033] According to the regression relationship in S2, the amount of phosphorus applied under the optimal yield increment in S1 is obtained, and then the optimal apparent phosphorus balance is obtained according to the relationship in S3; the apparent phosphorus balance is the difference between the amount of phosphorus applied and the amount of phosphorus removed by the crop, and the amount of phosphorus removed by the crop is obtained;

[0034] The optimal PNB-P was calculated according to the following formula;

[0035] PNB-P=R p ÷FP ;

[0036] In the formula, PNB-P represents the partial nutrient balance of phosphorus, R p represents the amount of phosphorus removed by crops, F P Indicates the amount of phosphorus applied;

[0037] If the optimal PNB-P>1.0, adjust the upper limit of PNB-P to 1.0 and the lower limit to 0.8;

[0038] If 0.8<optimal PNB-P<1.0, adjust the lower limit of PNB-P to 0.8, and keep the upper limit unchanged;

[0039] If the optimal PNB-P is less than 0.8, adjust the upper limit of PNB-P to 0.8, and keep the lower limit unchanged;

[0040] Among them, the upper limit corresponds to the minimum amount of phosphorus applied, and the lower limit corresponds to the maximum amount of phosphorus applied;

[0041] S5. The phosphorus application amount range is obtained according to the formula in step S4 based on the data range of the phosphorus partial nutrient balance determined in S4;

[0042] S6. According to the relationship between the amount of phosphorus applied and the apparent balance of phosphorus in step S3, the range of the apparent balance of phosphorus is determined, that is, the allowable surplus amount of phosphorus application for rice in the region;

[0043] S7. The regional rice allowable phosphorus fertilizer surplus amount obtained in step S6 is converted into the amount of phosphorus fertilizer used in production practice to obtain the regional rice allowable phosphorus fertilizer surplus amount.

[0044] The present invention also provides a system for determining the allowable surplus amount of phosphate fertilizer application for rice in a region, comprising: a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program run by the processor, and when the computer program is run by the processor, the system executes the method for determining the allowable surplus amount of phosphate fertilizer application for rice in a region as described above.

[0045] The present invention further provides a storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is run, the method for determining the allowable surplus amount of phosphorus fertilizer application for rice in the above region is executed.

[0046] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0047] The present invention proposes a method for determining the allowable surplus amount of phosphate fertilizer application for regional rice, so as to solve the problem that the existing fertilization method is unscientific in applying phosphate fertilizer, and achieves the maximum economical utilization of phosphate resources while ensuring rice yield, thus providing a feasible measure for intensive management of phosphate fertilizer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0049] Figure 1 This is a relationship diagram for determining the rice yield increasing effect after phosphorus application in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a relationship diagram for determining the amount of phosphorus applied to rice and the yield increment in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a relationship diagram for determining the amount of phosphorus applied to rice and the apparent balance of phosphorus in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0053] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing a particular embodiment and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. The intermediate value in any stated value or stated range, and each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0054] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0055] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present invention description and examples are exemplary only.

[0056] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0057] Rice is widely planted in various regions, and the planting types are diverse. The embodiment of the present invention divides the rice data into four parts according to the rice planting type, namely early rice, medium rice, late rice and one-season rice, and carries out the relevant embodiment description. Among them, early rice and late rice are mainly planted in southern China, and their planting rotation system is early rice-late rice; medium rice is mainly located in the Yangtze River Basin, and its planting rotation system is wheat-medium rice or rapeseed-medium rice; one-season rice is mainly located in Northeast China, which is a rice planting system with one harvest per year.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] (1) Collect and summarize the field test data of early rice, mid-season rice, late rice and single-season rice in the study area, including:

[0060] All test data come from field tests, including tests on different phosphate fertilizer dosages, 3414 tests, and tests on recommended phosphate fertilizer dosages. The test data include phosphate fertilizer dosage, rice yield, and phosphate absorption in treatments with and without phosphate fertilizer.

[0061] The yield-increasing effect of phosphorus fertilizer application on rice of various planting types was calculated, among which: the treatment with the highest total yield of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium among all treatments was used to optimize fertilization yield.

[0062] The relationship between the yield of early rice, mid-season rice, late rice and single-season rice with full application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and the yield without application of phosphorus was simulated by linear relationship (e.g. Figure 1 ),in:

[0063] Early rice: y = 0.866x;

[0064] Medium rice: y = 0.902x;

[0065] Late rice: y = 0.895x;

[0066] Single-season rice: y = 0.871x;

[0067] In this formula, x is the rice yield with full application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and y is the rice yield without application of phosphorus fertilizers;

[0068] Furthermore, the optimal yield-increasing effect of phosphorus fertilizer is calculated, where:

[0069] Early rice = (1-0.866) × 100 = 13.4%;

[0070] Medium rice = (1-0.902) × 100 = 9.8%;

[0071] Late rice = (1-0.895) × 100 = 10.5%;

[0072] One-season rice = (1-0.871) × 100 = 12.9%;

[0073] (2) A quadratic curve model was used to simulate the relationship between the amount of phosphorus applied and the yield increment of rice in various planting types (e.g. Figure 2 ),in:

[0074] This part of the data contains the data of each phosphorus application amount and the corresponding yield increase, and the relationship is:

[0075] Early rice: y = -0.0115x 2 +0.9255x+0.3683;

[0076] Medium rice: y = -0.0044x 2 +0.4655x+0.3624;

[0077] Late rice: y = -0.0088x 2 +0.6298x+1.0826;

[0078] Single-season rice: y = -0.0084x 2 +0.8438x+0.1214;

[0079] In this formula, y is the yield increment after applying phosphorus fertilizer, and x represents the amount of phosphorus applied;

[0080] Further, the amount of phosphorus applied under the optimal yield increment obtained in step (1) can be obtained, where

[0081] Early rice: 18.2kg P / ha;

[0082] Medium rice: 27.4kg P / ha;

[0083] Late rice: 21.3kg P / ha;

[0084] One-crop rice: 18.6 kg P / ha;

[0085] (3) A linear relationship is used to simulate the relationship between the amount of phosphorus applied and the apparent phosphorus balance, where:

[0086] The apparent balance of phosphorus is the difference between the amount of phosphorus applied and the amount of phosphorus removed, where:

[0087] The amount of nutrient removal is based on the accumulation of aboveground phosphorus. The straw phosphorus content is low, the amount of mineralization in the season is small, and the effectiveness is low, so the straw nutrients are classified as nutrient removal.

[0088] The relationship between the amount of phosphorus applied and the apparent phosphorus balance is as follows: Figure 3 ,in:

[0089] Early rice: y = 0.9045x-26.829;

[0090] Medium rice: y = 0.9069x-27.018;

[0091] Late rice: y = 0.8242x-27.172;

[0092] Single-season rice: y = 0.8118x-30.547;

[0093] In this formula, y is the apparent balance of phosphorus, and x represents the amount of phosphorus applied;

[0094] Further, the apparent balance of phosphorus under the maximum yield increment obtained in step (1) can be obtained, where:

[0095] Early rice: -10.4kg P / ha;

[0096] Mid-season rice: -2.2kg P / ha;

[0097] Late rice: -9.6kg P / ha;

[0098] Single-crop rice: -15.4kg P / ha;

[0099] (4) The rationality of the phosphorus application amount obtained in step (2) is determined based on the partial phosphorus nutrient balance (PNB-P). First, the phosphorus removal amount is calculated. The calculation formula is: the difference between the phosphorus application amount and the phosphorus nutrient balance amount, where:

[0100] The apparent phosphorus balance of early rice, mid-season rice, late rice and single-season rice is negative, so the phosphorus removal is:

[0101] Early rice: 18.2+10.4=28.6kg P / ha;

[0102] Medium rice: 27.4 + 2.2 = 29.6 kg P / ha;

[0103] Late rice: 21.3 + 9.6 = 30.9 kg P / ha;

[0104] One-season rice: 18.6+15.4=34.0kg P / ha;

[0105] Further, the PNB-P of early rice, mid-season rice, late rice and single-season rice under the yield increment of step (1) can be obtained, where:

[0106] Early rice: 28.6÷18.2=1.57;

[0107] Medium rice: 29.6÷27.4=1.08;

[0108] Late rice: 30.9÷21.3=1.45;

[0109] One-season rice: 34.0÷18.6=1.83;

[0110] (5) Adjust the amount of phosphorus applied according to the PNB value. Since the PNB-P of early rice, mid-season rice, late rice and single-season rice is > 1.0, the upper limit of PNB-P is adjusted to 1.0, and the corresponding lower limit of phosphorus application is the amount of phosphorus removed, where:

[0111] Early rice: 28.6kg P / ha;

[0112] Mid-season rice: 29.6kg P / ha;

[0113] Late rice: 30.9 kg P / ha;

[0114] One-crop rice: 34.0 kg P / ha;

[0115] Further, the upper limit of phosphorus application for early rice, mid-season rice, late rice and single-season rice is determined, and the lower limit of PNB-P is set to 0.8, that is, the phosphorus removal amount is 80% of the phosphorus application amount. At this time, the phosphorus surplus (phosphorus apparent balance) is equivalent to 0.2 times the phosphorus application amount (i.e. 1-0.8=0.2). The corresponding phosphorus application amount is calculated according to the formula in step (3), where:

[0116] Early rice: 26.829÷(0.9045-0.2)=38.1kg P / ha;

[0117] Medium rice: 27.018÷(0.9069-0.2)=38.2kg P / ha;

[0118] Late rice: 27.172÷(0.8242-0.2)=43.5kg P / ha;

[0119] Single-crop rice: 30.547÷(0.8118-0.2)=49.9kg P / ha;

[0120] Further, we can get the range of phosphorus application under the optimized phosphorus fertilizer utilization rate, that is, the range of PNB-P of early rice, mid-season rice, late rice and single-season rice is 0.8-1.0, where:

[0121] Early rice: 28.6-38.1kg P / ha;

[0122] Medium rice: 29.6-38.2kg P / ha;

[0123] Late rice: 30.9-43.5kg P / ha;

[0124] Single-crop rice: 34.0-49.9 kg P / ha;

[0125] (6) Based on the range of phosphorus application obtained in step (5), according to the formula in step (3), the allowable phosphorus surplus under the optimized phosphorus fertilizer utilization rate range, that is, when the PNB-P of early rice, mid-season rice, late rice and single-season rice is between 0.80 and 1.00, can be obtained, where:

[0126] Early rice: 0-7.6kg P / ha;

[0127] Medium rice: 0-7.6kg P / ha;

[0128] Late rice: 0-8.7kg P / ha;

[0129] Single-crop rice: 0-10.0 kg P / ha;

[0130] Furthermore, the phosphorus dosage in this range is converted into the actual dosage in production practice, that is, elemental phosphorus is converted into oxides and multiplied by the coefficient 2.292, and the allowable surplus amount of phosphorus fertilizer is:

[0131] Early rice: 0-17.5kg P2O5 / ha;

[0132] Medium rice: 0-17.5kg P2O5 / ha;

[0133] Late rice: 0-19.9kg P2O5 / ha;

[0134] Single-crop rice: 0-22.8kg P2O5 / ha;

[0135] In the main production areas of early rice, mid-season rice, late rice and single-season rice, two scenarios of conventional fertilization and optimized fertilization were set with conventional fertilization as the control to verify the rationality of the range of phosphorus fertilizer surplus, including rice yield, phosphorus application rate, phosphorus absorption and PNB-P under different fertilization scenarios.

[0136] Table 1

[0137]

[0138]

[0139] Table 1 shows the effects of different fertilization scenarios on phosphorus application, yield, phosphorus uptake and PNB-P for early rice, mid-season rice, late rice and one-season rice. From the results of the field test, it can be seen that the phosphorus application of conventional fertilization has a serious problem of excessive application, resulting in the PNB-P of early rice, mid-season rice, late rice and one-season rice being only 0.71, 0.63, 0.68 and 0.74, respectively, all below the lower limit of 0.8 obtained. The lower PNB-P of conventional fertilization indicates a large amount of phosphorus surplus, among which the phosphorus surplus of early rice, mid-season rice, late rice and one-season rice reached 23.0, 36.3, 26.5 and 26.7 kg P2O5 / ha, respectively; their phosphorus fertilizer surpluses all exceeded the upper limit of the allowable surplus, and the excess values ​​reached 5.5, 18.8, 6.6 and 3.9 kg P2O5 / ha, respectively. The amount of phosphorus applied by optimized fertilization showed that compared with conventional fertilization, the amount of phosphorus applied to early rice, mid-season rice, late rice and one-season rice was reduced by 11.5%, 25.7%, 25.9% and 21.4% respectively; the rice yield increased by 9.7%, 3.9%, 8.0% and 5.2% respectively; and the phosphorus absorption was increased by 6.4%, 6.5%, 5.5% and 3.7% respectively. Optimized fertilization significantly improved the efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer use, and the PNB-P of early rice, mid-season rice, late rice and one-season rice reached 0.84, 0.91, 0.98 and 0.98 respectively. The phosphorus surplus of the four types of rice was within the allowable range of phosphorus surplus.

[0140] Reasonable application of phosphorus fertilizer plays a vital role in rice cultivation. As one of the indispensable nutrients for rice growth, phosphorus can not only promote root development, but also enhance rice's stress resistance, improve yield and quality. Reasonable application of phosphorus fertilizer can significantly increase the number of effective panicles per unit area, fruit setting rate and thousand-grain weight of rice, thereby increasing yield and improving rice quality. Due to its low water solubility and low volatility, phosphorus is often adsorbed and deposited in the soil in the form of mineral salts, and this part of phosphorus is very easy to lose during rice production, thereby causing eutrophication of water bodies. Optimizing phosphorus application can significantly reduce the loss of phosphorus fertilizer. With the increase in the amount of phosphorus fertilizer applied, phosphorus loss will also increase significantly, especially during rainfall and irrigation, when phosphorus loss is more serious. By optimizing phosphorus application, the amount of phosphorus fertilizer applied can be reduced while ensuring rice yield, thereby reducing phosphorus loss and protecting the environment. The phenomenon of excessive phosphorus application in rice is extremely common. Under the premise of ensuring crop yield, it is extremely important to manage phosphorus fertilizer based on crop yield response, that is, the yield increase efficiency after applying phosphorus fertilizer. It provides rice growers and agricultural decision makers with a better range of phosphorus application while ensuring that yield increases do not decrease, which helps to utilize phosphorus resources.

[0141] Formulating a reasonable range of phosphorus application according to different rice planting types is of great significance to improving phosphorus utilization, protecting the ecological environment and saving resources. Through scientific phosphorus application methods, the utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizer can be improved, resource waste can be reduced, and production costs can be reduced and economic benefits can be improved. Therefore, formulating the allowable phosphorus surplus range for rice has a significant impact on the environmental benefits of optimizing phosphorus application in rice. It can reduce phosphorus loss and environmental pollution, protect the ecological environment, and improve the efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer utilization, which has important practical significance.

[0142] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining the allowable surplus amount of phosphate fertilizer application for rice in a region, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Based on the field experiment data, obtain regional rice phosphate fertilizer yield increase data; S2. Construct the relationship between the amount of phosphorus applied and the yield increase of phosphorus fertilizer; S3. Establishing a linear relationship between the amount of phosphorus applied and the apparent balance of phosphorus; the apparent balance of phosphorus is the difference between the amount of phosphorus applied and the amount of phosphorus removed by the crop; S4. Data range for determining phosphorus partial nutrient balance based on regional rice yield increase using phosphorus fertilizer: According to the regression relationship in S2, the amount of phosphorus applied under the optimal yield increase in S1 is obtained, and then the optimal apparent phosphorus balance is obtained according to the relationship in S3. The apparent phosphorus balance is the difference between the amount of phosphorus applied and the amount of phosphorus removed by the crop, and the amount of phosphorus removed by the crop is obtained; The optimal PNB-P was calculated according to the following formula; PNB-P=R p ÷F P ; In the formula, PNB-P represents the partial nutrient balance of phosphorus, R p Indicates the amount of crop phosphorus removed, F P Indicates the amount of phosphorus applied; If the optimal PNB-P>1.0, adjust the upper limit of PNB-P to 1.0 and the lower limit to 0.8; If 0.8<optimal PNB-P<1.0, adjust the lower limit of PNB-P to 0.8, and keep the upper limit unchanged; If the optimal PNB-P is less than 0.8, adjust the upper limit of PNB-P to 0.8, and keep the lower limit unchanged; Among them, the upper limit corresponds to the minimum amount of phosphorus applied, and the lower limit corresponds to the maximum amount of phosphorus applied; S5. The phosphorus application amount range is obtained according to the formula in step S4 based on the data range of the phosphorus partial nutrient balance determined in S4; S6. According to the relationship between the amount of phosphorus applied and the apparent balance of phosphorus in step S3, the range of the apparent balance of phosphorus is determined, that is, the allowable surplus amount of phosphorus application for rice in the region; S7. The regional rice allowable phosphorus fertilizer surplus amount obtained in step S6 is converted into the amount of phosphorus fertilizer used in production practice to obtain the regional rice allowable phosphorus fertilizer surplus amount.

2. A system for determining the allowable surplus amount of phosphorus fertilizer application for rice in a region, characterized in that: include: A memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program executed by the processor, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the method for determining the allowable surplus amount of phosphorus fertilizer application for regional rice as claimed in claim 1 is executed.

3. A storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed, executes the method for determining the allowable surplus amount of phosphorus fertilizer application for rice in a region as claimed in claim 1.

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