Agricultural product harvesting device with sorting function

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural product harvesting, in particular to an agricultural product harvesting device with a sorting function, which comprises a vehicle body, a feeding belt, a receiving plate, a side plate, a sorting box, a flow guide rod, a sorting shaft, a sorting rod and the like, a material collecting plate, a side plate and a sorting box are fixedly connected to the vehicle body, the material collecting plate is used for scooping up potatoes, a feeding belt is installed on the side plate and used for conveying the potatoes into the sorting box, a plurality of flow guide rods distributed at equal intervals are arranged in the sorting box, one end of each flow guide rod inclines downwards, and a sorting shaft is rotationally connected to the interior of the sorting box. A plurality of sorting rods are fixedly connected to the sorting shaft at equal intervals and are used for dragging the potato seedlings to the lower part of the flow guide rod. According to the device, potato seedlings can be automatically cut into small sections in the harvesting process, the potato seedlings can penetrate through the flow guide rod to fall down, potatoes can continue to flow under the action of the flow guide rod, and the function of sorting the potatoes from the potato seedlings is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural product harvesting, and in particular to an agricultural product harvesting device with a sorting function. Background Art

[0002] As the world's fourth largest food crop, potato harvesting efficiency and quality are crucial to agriculture. With the development of agricultural modernization, mechanized harvesting has gradually become one of the key technologies to improve agricultural production efficiency.

[0003] When harvesting potatoes, a seedling killer is usually used to break the potato seedlings on the ridges, and then a potato picker is used to pick up the potatoes in the ridges. However, there will still be a lot of potato seedlings left in the ridges after being treated by the seedling killer, and the potato picker generally does not have the function of actively removing the potato seedlings. In addition, due to the long length of the potato seedlings, it is difficult for them to fall off the conveyor belt during transportation. As a result, when using a potato picker to harvest potatoes, multiple workers are required to stand on the picker and manually pick out the potato seedlings on the conveyor belt.

[0004] Among the existing related technical solutions, Chinese patent CN115024076B discloses a mountain potato harvester and a harvesting method, including a frame, a digging device, a seedling-killing device, a separation device and a collection device; a separation device transmission mechanism and a squeezing roller group, a separation assembly, a first guide plate and a second guide plate located above the transmission mechanism and arranged in sequence front and back; the separation assembly includes a cross bar arranged on the frame along the left and right directions and a plurality of separation rods arranged on the cross bar, and the separation rods are arranged high in the front and low in the rear; the first guide plate and the second guide plate are arranged on the frame, and are used to redirect the movement of potatoes on the transmission mechanism, and the guide directions of the first guide plate and the second guide plate are different.

[0005] The seedling-killing device in the above technical solution only cuts the potato seedlings on the ground, but there will still be potato seedlings remaining underground. The seedling-killing device is similar to the seedling-killing machine in the prior art, and there will also be potato seedlings remaining during actual use. The above technical solution does not have the function of actively removing potato seedlings, resulting in the potato seedlings being mixed with potatoes, and workers need to manually pick out the potato seedlings. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the potato harvester in the prior art that does not have the function of actively removing potato vines, and that the potato vines are difficult to fall off automatically during transportation due to their long length, resulting in the need for workers to manually select the potato vines, an object of the present invention is to provide an agricultural product harvesting device with a sorting function.

[0007] Technical solution: An agricultural product harvesting device with a sorting function, comprising a vehicle body, a feeding belt, a receiving plate, a side plate, a sorting box, a guide rod, a sorting shaft, a sorting rod and a guide plate. The vehicle body is fixedly connected with a receiving plate, a side plate and a sorting box. The receiving plate is used to scoop up potatoes. The side plate is equipped with a feeding belt, which is used to transport potatoes into the sorting box. The sorting box is provided with a plurality of equally distributed guide rods, and one end of the guide rods is tilted downward. The sorting box is rotatably connected with a sorting shaft, and a plurality of sorting rods are equidistantly fixed on the sorting shaft. The sorting rods are used to drag potato vines under the guide rods. The sorting box is fixed with a guide plate, which is used to guide potatoes falling into the sorting box so that the potatoes falling on the guide rods will first flow in the direction of the sorting rods.

[0008] As an improvement of the above scheme, a cutting rod for cutting the potato vines is also included. The cutting rod is fixedly connected to the guide rod. When the sorting rod drags the potato vines under the guide rod, the cutting rod will cut the potato vines.

[0009] As an improvement of the above solution, the inclination angles of multiple sorting rods on the same sorting axis change gradually.

[0010] As an improvement of the above scheme, it also includes a screening mechanism for classifying potatoes according to particle size. The screening mechanism is located on the upper side of the guide rod. The screening mechanism includes a side bracket, a screening box, a screening plate, a guide frame and a lifting assembly. The side bracket is fixedly connected to the vehicle body, and the screening box is fixedly connected to the side bracket. The screening box is fixedly connected to the screening plate and the guide frame. The small-diameter potatoes falling downward through the screening plate will fall into the guide frame and flow to one side of the vehicle body through the guide frame, while the large-diameter potatoes falling downward without passing through the screening plate will flow to the other side of the vehicle body. A lifting assembly is installed on the sorting box, and the lifting assembly is used to transport the potatoes on the guide rod upward into the screening box.

[0011] As an improvement of the above scheme, the lifting assembly includes a middle bracket, a lifting cylinder and a spiral blade. The middle bracket is fixedly connected to the sorting box, the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the middle bracket, and an opening connected to the screening box is opened on the upper side of the lifting cylinder. A spiral blade for conveying potatoes upward is rotatably connected in the lifting cylinder.

[0012] As an improvement of the above scheme, it also includes a collecting mechanism for collecting potatoes onto the spiral blades. The collecting mechanism is connected to the spiral blades. The collecting mechanism includes a lower gear, a reversing gear, an upper gear, a connecting rod, a collecting barrel, a collecting plate and an inner support plate. The lower gear is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the spiral blade, and the inner support plate is fixedly connected to the sorting box. The inner support plate is rotatably connected to the reversing gear. The upper gear is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft of the spiral blade. The reversing gear is meshed with the lower gear and the upper gear at the same time. A collecting barrel connected to the lifting barrel is fixedly connected to the upper gear through a connecting rod. The rotation directions of the collecting barrel and the spiral blade are opposite. A collecting plate is fixedly connected to the collecting barrel. The collecting plate is used to collect potatoes on the guide rod into the collecting barrel.

[0013] As an improvement of the above scheme, it also includes a material shaking assembly for driving the guide rod to shake, the material shaking assembly is connected to the material receiving barrel, the material shaking assembly includes a lifting block, a force ring and a lifting plate, the material receiving barrel is fixedly connected with the lifting block, and the guide rod is jointly fixedly connected with the force ring. During the rotation of the material receiving barrel, the lifting block will intermittently squeeze the force ring upward, and the sorting box is slidably connected with a lifting plate, and the guide rod and the lifting plate are fixedly connected.

[0014] As an improvement of the above scheme, it also includes a flipping assembly for driving the sorting shaft to rotate. The flipping assembly is connected to the lifting plate. The flipping assembly includes a flipping gear, a flipping support rod and a flipping rack. The sorting shaft is rotatably connected to the flipping gear via a one-way bearing. The lifting plate is fixed with a flipping support rod. The flipping support rod is fixed with a flipping rack. The flipping gear and the flipping rack are meshed.

[0015] As an improvement of the above scheme, it also includes a crushing mechanism for crushing the potato vines that fall to the lower side of the guide rod. The crushing mechanism is connected to the spiral blade. The crushing mechanism includes a crushing bracket, a crushing wheel, an inner pulley group and a discharge screen plate. Two crushing wheels are rotatably connected to the crushing bracket in the sorting box, and a crushing wheel is also fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the spiral blade. The crushing wheel is provided with a blade for cutting the potato vines. A discharge screen plate for screening the potato vines is fixedly connected to the lower side of the lifting plate. The three crushing wheels are connected through the inner pulley group.

[0016] As an improvement of the above scheme, it also includes a driving mechanism for driving the spiral blade to rotate, the driving mechanism is connected to the spiral blade, the driving mechanism includes a rear support frame, an input shaft, a bushing, a driving shaft, a driving gear and a driven gear, the rear support frame is fixedly connected to the side bracket located on the rear side, the input shaft and the driving shaft are rotatably connected to the rear support frame, the input shaft is used to connect to an external driving source, the input shaft is axially slidably connected to the bushing, the driving shaft and the bushing are splined, the driving gear is fixedly connected to the driving shaft, the driven gear is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the spiral blade, the driving gear and the driven gear are meshed, and the transmission of power can be controlled by moving the bushing.

[0017] As an improvement of the above scheme, it also includes a material control mechanism for automatically controlling the disconnection between the shaft sleeve and the drive shaft. The material control mechanism is connected to the shaft sleeve, and the material control mechanism includes a material receiving box, a load-bearing plate, a load-bearing assembly and a transmission assembly. There are two material receiving boxes symmetrically slidingly connected on the sorting box. The two material receiving boxes are located on the left and right sides of the sorting box, and one of the material receiving boxes is used to receive large-diameter potatoes flowing out of the screening box, and the other material receiving box is used to receive small-diameter potatoes flowing out of the guide frame. The lower ends of the material receiving boxes are fixedly connected with load-bearing plates, and the end of the load-bearing plate close to the sorting box is provided with a rounded corner. The sorting box is connected with a load-bearing assembly and a transmission assembly. The sorting box supports the material receiving box through the load-bearing assembly. When the weight of the potatoes in the material receiving box reaches a certain value, the load-bearing assembly will cancel the support for the material receiving box, so that the material receiving box moves downward to drive the transmission assembly, and the transmission assembly will drive the shaft sleeve away from the drive shaft to disconnect.

[0018] As an improvement on the above scheme, the load-bearing assembly includes a lower support plate, a load-bearing spring, an upper support plate, a material control plate and a material control spring. There are two lower support plates symmetrically slidingly connected in the sorting box, and the lower support plate is located at the lower side of the load-bearing plate on the same side. A load-bearing spring is sleeved on the guide rod of the lower support plate. When the lower support plate slides into the sorting box, the load-bearing spring will be compressed. The load-bearing plate is slidably connected with the material control plate in the vertical direction. The material control plate is located in the material receiving box, and the material control spring is slidably connected on the guide rod of the material control plate. When the material control plate slides downward, the material control spring will be compressed. The upper support plate is fixedly connected to the load-bearing plate, and the upper support plate is located between the material control plate and the load-bearing plate. The main bodies of the lower support plate and the upper support plate are right-angled trapezoids, but some edges and corners of the lower support plate and the upper support plate are set to rounded shapes. When the material control plate moves downward, it will squeeze the upper support plate, so that the upper support plate drives the lower support plate to move away from under the load-bearing plate.

[0019] As an improvement of the above scheme, the transmission assembly includes a driving spring, a material control rod, a reset spring, a pull rope, a guide wheel and a control sleeve. A driving spring is sleeved on the input shaft, and the driving spring is used to push the sleeve close to the driving shaft. The rear side of the sorting box is slidably connected with a material control rod in the vertical direction. The guide rod of the material control rod is sleeved with a reset spring. When the material control rod slides downward, the reset spring will be compressed. Both ends of the material control rod extend to the bottom of the load-bearing plate on the same side. The control sleeve is rotatably connected to the sleeve, and the control sleeve cannot move relatively axially on the sleeve. A pull rope is connected between the control sleeve and the material control rod. The guide wheel is rotatably connected to the rear support frame, and the pull rope passes around the upper side of the guide wheel.

[0020] As an improvement of the above scheme, it also includes a transmission shaft, a transmission gear and an outer pulley group for driving the feeding belt. The upper end of the screening box is rotatably connected to the transmission shaft, one end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the transmission gear, the transmission gear and the driven gear are meshed, the other end of the transmission shaft and one of the rotating shafts of the feeding belt are connected through the outer pulley group, and the outer pulley group consists of two single-groove pulleys and a transmission belt, one of the single-groove pulleys is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft, and the other single-groove pulley is fixedly connected to one of the rotating shafts of the feeding belt.

[0021] The beneficial effects are as follows: 1. The device can automatically cut the potato vines into small sections during the harvesting process, so that the potato vines can pass through the guide rod and fall downward, while the potatoes will continue to flow under the action of the guide rod, thereby realizing the function of sorting the potatoes from the potato vines, and the screening mechanism can also sort the potatoes according to the particle size during the harvesting process, thereby eliminating the subsequent separate sorting steps and improving the potato harvesting efficiency; 2. When the sorting rod rotates, the potato vines are dragged under the guide rod so that the potato vines can bend and contact the cutting rod. The cutting rod can cut the potato vines, which can prevent the long potato vines from being entangled on the sorting rod and facilitate the cut potato vines to automatically fall off the guide rod. 3. When the spiral blades rotate, the potatoes on the guide rod can be transported upward to the screening plate. The large-sized potatoes can fall to one side of the vehicle body through the screening box, while the small-sized potatoes will pass through the screening plate and fall to the guide frame, and fall to the other side of the vehicle body through the guiding effect of the guide frame; 4. When the spiral blade rotates, it can drive the receiving barrel to rotate in the opposite direction through the action of the lower gear, the reversing gear and the upper gear, so that the collecting plate can collect the potatoes on the guide rod into the receiving barrel, so that the spiral blade can transport the potatoes upward; 5. When the collecting barrel rotates, the lifting block intermittently squeezes the force ring upward, so that the guide rod and the lifting plate can shake back and forth up and down, which can increase the fluidity of potatoes and facilitate the soil and cut potato vines to fall down. The lifting plate will drive the sorting rod to rotate through the flip rack and flip gear; 6. When the weight of potatoes in the receiving box reaches a certain level, the load-bearing assembly will automatically cancel the support for the receiving box, causing the receiving box to move downward and drive the shaft sleeve and the drive shaft to disengage through the transmission assembly, thereby preventing potatoes from overflowing from the receiving box and facilitating the measurement and collection of potatoes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the position relationship of the sorting boxes of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sorting box and the lifting cylinder of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the position relationship of the force ring of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cutting rod structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the position relationship of the sorting axes of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the position relationship of the screening plate of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the position relationship of the rear support frame of the present invention.

[0030] Fig. 9 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the drive shaft and the sleeve of the present invention.

[0031] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the material receiving box of the present invention.

[0032] The reference numbers in the figure are: 1-car body, 101-feeding belt, 102-collecting plate, 103-side plate, 104-sorting box, 105-guide rod, 106-sorting shaft, 107-sorting rod, 108-cutting rod, 109-guide plate, 2-side bracket, 201-screening box, 202-screening plate, 203-guide frame, 3-middle bracket, 301-lifting cylinder, 302-spiral blade, 4-lower gear, 401-reversing gear, 402-upper gear, 403-connecting rod, 404-collecting cylinder, 405-collecting plate, 406-inner support plate, 5-lifting block, 501-stress ring, 502-lifting plate, 6-flipping gear, 601-flipping Rotating support rod, 602-flip rack, 7-crushing bracket, 701-crushing wheel, 702-inner pulley group, 703-unloading screen plate, 8-rear support frame, 801-input shaft, 802-shaft sleeve, 803-drive shaft, 804-drive gear, 805-driven gear, 806-drive spring, 807-lower support plate, 808-load-bearing spring, 809-upper support plate, 9-material receiving box, 901-load-bearing plate, 902-material control plate, 903-material control spring, 904-material control rod, 905-reset spring, 906-pull rope, 907-guide wheel, 908-control sleeve, 10-drive shaft, 11-drive gear, 12-outer pulley group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Embodiment 1: A device for harvesting agricultural products with a sorting function, such as Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the vehicle body 1 includes a feeding belt 101, a receiving plate 102, a side plate 103, a sorting box 104, a guide rod 105, a sorting shaft 106, a sorting rod 107 and a guide plate 109. The front side of the vehicle body 1 is fixedly connected with the receiving plate 102, and the receiving plate 102 is used to shovel potatoes on the ridges during the movement of the vehicle body 1. Two side plates 103 are fixedly connected to the vehicle body 1 in a symmetrical manner. The front sides of the two side plates 103 are distributed in an eight-shaped shape, so as to facilitate the potatoes on the ridges. The two side plates 103 are assembled together with a feeding belt 101, which is a prior art. A plurality of straight rods are arranged in a circular array on the feeding belt 101, and the plurality of straight rods are evenly spaced so that the soil can fall from the gaps between the straight rods. The feeding belt 101 is arranged in an inclined manner with the front lower and the rear higher. A sorting box 104 is fixedly connected to the vehicle body 1, and the sorting box 104 is located at the rear side of the feeding belt 101. The potatoes will be transported upward by the feeding belt 101 to the In the sorting box 104, two groups of guide rods 105 are symmetrically arranged in the sorting box 104, each group of guide rods 105 has 9 guide rods 105, and the 9 guide rods 105 in each group are equidistantly distributed along the front and rear directions. The adjacent ends of the two groups of guide rods 105 are tilted downward, and the tops of the guide rods 105 are curved surfaces to facilitate the flow of potatoes. A sorting shaft 106 is rotatably connected in the sorting box 104, and the sorting shaft 106 is located below the guide rods 105. The front and rear edges of the sorting shaft 106 are There are 9 sorting rods 107 fixedly connected at equal intervals in the direction. The sorting rods 107 are J-shaped. The sorting rods 107 are used to drag the potato vines mixed in the potatoes to the bottom of the guide rods 105 to separate the potatoes from the potato vines. A guide plate 109 is fixedly connected to the sorting box 104. The guide plate 109 is used to guide the potatoes falling into the sorting box 104 so that the potatoes can fall to the opposite side of the two groups of sorting rods 107, so that the potatoes can flow in the direction close to the sorting rods 107.

[0035] When it is necessary to harvest potatoes, the seedling-killing machine is first used to kill the seedlings, and then the vehicle body 1 is controlled to move along the ridges of the fields where the potatoes are planted. The collecting plate 102 will shovel up the potatoes on the ridges, and the soil and potato seedlings will also be shoveled up together. As the vehicle body 1 moves forward, the potatoes, soil and potato seedlings will flow to the feeding belt 101, and the feeding belt 101 will transport the potatoes and potato seedlings upward, while the soil shoveled up by the collecting plate 102 will fall downward by passing through the feeding belt 101. When the potatoes and potato seedlings are transported to the top, they will fall onto the guide rod 105, and the guide plate 109 can guide the potatoes and potato seedlings. The potatoes and potato vines can fall to the opposite side of the two groups of sorting rods 107, and the potatoes cannot fall downward from the gap between the guide rods 105. Since the guide rods 105 are inclined, the potatoes and potato vines will flow between the two guide rods 105. When part of the potato vines falls on the guide rods 105, the length direction of the potato vines is consistent with the length direction of the guide rods 105. It can be roughly understood that the potato vines are parallel to the guide rods 105. This part of the potato vines will fall downward from the gap between the guide rods 105 during the flow process. In the process of harvesting potatoes, the sorting shaft 106 will drive the sorting rod 107 to rotate, so that the potatoes can be harvested at the same time. Figure 3 From the perspective in , the sorting shaft 106 on the right will rotate clockwise, while the sorting shaft 106 on the left will rotate counterclockwise, so that the direction of rotation of the sorting rod 107 is opposite to the direction of potato flow. The potatoes will pass through the sorting rod 107 during the flow, and the potatoes can pass through the sorting rods 107 normally, but the length of the potato vines is relatively long, so the sorting rod 107 will hook the potato vines remaining on the guide rod 105 during the rotation, and when the sorting rod 107 rotates toward the lower side of the guide rod 105, the sorting rod 107 will drive the potato vines to fall to the lower side of the guide rod 105, thereby sorting the potatoes from the potato vines, making it convenient for workers to directly harvest the potatoes.

[0036] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a cutting rod 108 for cutting the potato vines is also included. A cutting rod 108 is fixedly connected to the lower end of each guide rod 105. The cutting rods 108 are distributed along the length direction of the guide rod 105. The cutting rods 108 are T-shaped, and the edges and corners of the cutting rods 108 are polished. When the sorting rod 107 drags the potato vines under the guide rod 105, the polished edges and corners on the cutting rod 108 will cut off the potato vines to prevent the longer potato vines from falling off the guide rod 105 normally.

[0037] When the sorting rod 107 drives the potato vines to move between the two guide rods 105, the potato vines will be sunken between the two guide rods 105. When the potato vines come into contact with the cutting rod 108 on the lower side of the guide rod 105, the potato vines will be cut off, thereby cutting the longer potato vines into small sections by multiple cutting rods 108, so that the potato vines can directly pass through the guide rod 105 and fall downward during the flow, and can prevent the longer potato vines from being entangled with the sorting rod 107 and affecting the normal operation of the device.

[0038] like Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the inclination angles of the nine sorting rods 107 on the same sorting shaft 106 are gradually changed to prevent the potato vines from being tightened when multiple sorting rods 107 drag the same potato vine at the same time. Figure 6 From the perspective of FIG, the angle of the right sorting rod 107 decreases by 3° in the clockwise direction, and the angle of the other sorting rod 107 increases by 3° in the clockwise direction.

[0039] If the inclination angles of the sorting rods 107 on the same sorting axis 106 are consistent, when the potato vines are placed horizontally on the guide rods 105, multiple sorting rods 107 will drag the potato vines downward at the same time. At this time, the potato vines may be tightened, making it difficult for the potato vines to sink between the two guide rods 105 and contact the cutting rod 108, which in turn makes it difficult for the potato vines to be cut smoothly, affecting the smoothness of the operation of the device. Therefore, the inclination angles of the 9 sorting rods 107 on the same sorting axis 106 are gradually changed, and the sorting rods 107 can alternately drag the same potato vines downward to prevent the potato vines from being tightened and difficult to sink between the two guide rods 105, thereby improving the smoothness of the operation of the device.

[0040] Embodiment 2: Based on embodiment 1, Figure 2 and Figure 7As shown, it also includes a screening mechanism for classifying potatoes according to particle size, the screening mechanism is located on the upper side of the guide rod 105, the screening mechanism includes a side bracket 2, a screening box 201, a screening plate 202, a guide frame 203 and a lifting assembly, two side brackets 2 are fixedly connected to the vehicle body 1, the two side brackets 2 are located at the front and rear sides of the sorting box 104, the two side brackets 2 are commonly fixedly connected to the screening box 201, the screening box 201 is fixedly connected to the screening plate 202, the screening plate 202 is provided with holes for screening potatoes, the screening plate 202 is arranged obliquely, and the screening box 201 is fixedly connected to the screening plate 202. A guide frame 203 is fixedly connected to the lower side, and the potatoes falling downward through the screening plate 202 will fall into the guide frame 203. The guide frame 203 is also inclined, but the inclination direction of the guide frame 203 is opposite to the inclination direction of the screening plate 202, so that potatoes with large particle sizes can pass through the screening box 201 and the screening plate 202 and fall to one side of the vehicle body 1, while potatoes with small particle sizes can pass through the guide frame 203 and fall to the other side of the vehicle body 1. A lifting component is installed on the sorting box 104, and the lifting component is used to transport the potatoes on the guide rod 105 upward into the screening box 201.

[0041] After passing through the sorting rod 107, the potatoes will continue to flow toward the adjacent end of the two sets of guide rods 105. The lifting assembly will lift the potatoes upward and transport them into the screening box 201, and the potatoes will fall on the screening plate 202. The potatoes with large particle sizes will roll along the screening plate 202 and be discharged downward through the downward opening of the screening box 201, while the potatoes with small particle sizes will pass through the screening plate 202 and fall downward into the guide frame 203, and roll along the guide frame 203 to the other side.

[0042] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the lifting assembly includes a middle bracket 3, a lifting cylinder 301 and a spiral blade 302. The middle bracket 3 is fixedly connected to the sorting box 104, and the lifting cylinder 301 is fixedly connected to the middle bracket 3. The upper side of the lifting cylinder 301 is fixedly connected to the screening box 201 and the guide frame 203. The spiral blade 302 is rotatably connected in the lifting cylinder 301. During the rotation of the spiral blade 302, the potatoes on the guide rod 105 are transported upward, and an opening connected to the screening box 201 is opened on the upper side of the lifting cylinder 301.

[0043] During the rotation of the spiral blade 302, the potatoes on the guide rod 105 are transported upward. When the potatoes are transported to the upper side of the lifting cylinder 301, the potatoes enter the screening box 201 through the opening on the upper side of the lifting cylinder 301. The working principle of the lifting component can also refer to the screw conveyor in the prior art.

[0044] like Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown, it also includes a collecting mechanism for collecting potatoes onto the spiral blade 302, the collecting mechanism is connected to the spiral blade 302, the collecting mechanism includes a lower gear 4, a reversing gear 401, an upper gear 402, a connecting rod 403, a collecting barrel 404, a collecting plate 405 and an inner support plate 406, the lower gear 4 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the spiral blade 302, the inner support plate 406 is fixedly connected to the sorting box 104, the inner support plate 406 is located below the guide rod 105, the reversing gear 401 is rotatably connected to the inner support plate 406, the upper gear 402 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft of the spiral blade 302, the reversing gear 401, the lower gear 4 and the upper gear 402 are all bevel gears, the reversing gear 401 is meshed with the lower gear 4 and the upper gear 402 at the same time, and the upper gear 402 is located on the upper side of the reversing gear 401, and the lower gear 4 is located on the lower side of the reversing gear 401. On the lower side of the reversing gear 401, a connecting rod 403 is fixedly connected to the upper gear 402, and a receiving barrel 404 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 403. The receiving barrel 404 is connected to the lifting barrel 301 above. Two openings are provided on the side wall of the receiving barrel 404, and the receiving barrel 404 is located between the sorting rods 107 on both sides. The upper side of the receiving barrel 404 is rotatably connected to the middle bracket 3, and the lower side of the receiving barrel 404 is rotatably connected to the inner support plate 406. The inner support plate 406 supports the receiving barrel 404. The rotation directions of the receiving barrel 404 and the spiral blade 302 are opposite. Two collecting plates 405 are fixedly connected to the receiving barrel 404 in a circular array. The collecting plates 405 are located on the upper side of the guide rod 105. During the rotation of the receiving barrel 404, the collecting plates 405 will gather the potatoes on the guide rod 105 into the opening of the receiving barrel 404.

[0045] After passing through the sorting rod 107, the potatoes will continue to flow toward the receiving barrel 404. During the clockwise rotation of the spiral blade 302, the upper gear 402 will be driven to rotate counterclockwise through the lower gear 4 and the reversing gear 401. The upper gear 402 will drive the receiving barrel 404 to rotate counterclockwise through the connecting rod 403, and the collecting plate 405 will gather the potatoes into the receiving barrel 404, so that the potatoes can enter the receiving barrel 404 smoothly. The potatoes entering the receiving barrel 404 will be transported upward by the spiral blade 302.

[0046] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, it also includes a shaking assembly for driving the guide rod 105 to shake, the shaking assembly is connected to the receiving barrel 404, and the shaking assembly includes a lifting block 5, a force ring 501 and a lifting plate 502. Four lifting blocks 5 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the receiving barrel 404 in an annular array. The top of the lifting block 5 is a curved surface. The two groups of guide rods 105 are fixedly connected to the force ring 501. The receiving barrel 404 passes through the force ring 501. The length of the force ring 501 adaptively changes along the outer wall of the force ring 501. A protrusion is provided at the lower end of the force ring 501, and the lower end of the protrusion is a curved surface. During the rotation of the receiving barrel 404, the lifting block 5 will intermittently squeeze the force ring 501 upward. Two lifting plates 502 are symmetrically slidingly connected to the inner wall of the sorting box 104. The lifting plates 502 slide in the vertical direction, and the opposite ends of the two sets of guide rods 105 are fixedly connected to the lifting plates 502 on the same side.

[0047] During the rotation of the collecting barrel 404, the force ring 501 will be intermittently squeezed upward by the lifting block 5, thereby driving the force ring 501 and the lifting plate 502 to move upward. When the lifting block 5 cancels the squeezing of the force ring 501, the force ring 501 and the lifting plate 502 will move downward, thereby driving the guide rod 105 to shake up and down, which can not only increase the fluidity of potatoes, but also facilitate the cut potato vines and soil to fall downward.

[0048] like Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a flip assembly for driving the sorting shaft 106 to rotate, the flip assembly is connected to the lifting plate 502, the flip assembly includes a flip gear 6, a flip support rod 601 and a flip rack 602, the sorting shaft 106 is rotatably connected to the flip gear 6 through a one-way bearing, the flip gear 6 can only drive the sorting shaft 106 to rotate in one direction through the one-way bearing, the lifting plate 502 is fixedly connected to the flip support rod 601, the flip support rod 601 passes through the front side wall of the sorting box 104, and the front side wall of the sorting box 104 is provided with a through hole for facilitating the lifting and lowering of the flip support rod 601, the flip rack 602 is fixedly connected to the flip support rod 601, and the flip gear 6 and the flip rack 602 are meshed.

[0049] During the up and down movement of the lifting plate 502, the flip rack 602 drives the flip gear 6 to rotate. Figure 6 Taking the perspective in as an example, when the flip gear 6 on the right sorting shaft 106 rotates clockwise, it will drive the sorting shaft 106 to rotate synchronously, and when the flip gear 6 rotates counterclockwise, it will not drive the sorting shaft 106 to rotate. When the flip gear 6 on the left sorting shaft 106 rotates counterclockwise, it will drive the sorting shaft 106 to rotate synchronously, and when the flip gear 6 rotates clockwise, it will not drive the sorting shaft 106 to rotate.

[0050] like Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown, it also includes a crushing mechanism for crushing the potato vines that fall to the lower side of the guide rod 105, the crushing mechanism is connected to the spiral blade 302, the crushing mechanism includes a crushing bracket 7, a crushing wheel 701, an inner pulley group 702 and a feed screen plate 703, and two crushing brackets 7 are fixedly connected to the left and right symmetric in the sorting box 104, the crushing bracket 7 is rotatably connected to the crushing wheel 701, and the rotating shaft of the spiral blade 302 is fixedly connected to the crushing wheel 701, and the crushing wheel 701 is provided with a blade for cutting the potato vines, and the crushing wheel 701 is located in the guide rod 105. The lower side of the rod 105 and the sorting shaft 106 and the lower side of the lifting plate 502 are fixedly connected with a feed screen plate 703, and the feed screen plate 703 is used to screen the cut potato vines. The feed screen plate 703 is located below the crushing wheel 701, and the three crushing wheels 701 are connected through an inner pulley group 702. The inner pulley group 702 consists of two single-groove pulleys, one double-groove pulley and two transmission belts, and the crushing wheel 701 installed on the crushing bracket 7 has a single-groove pulley fixed to its rotating shaft, and a double-groove pulley fixed to the rotating shaft of the spiral blade 302.

[0051] The rotation of the spiral blade 302 will drive the crushing wheel 701 thereon to rotate, and will drive the other two crushing wheels 701 to rotate through the inner pulley set 702. When the potato vines pass through the guide rod 105 and fall downward, the blades on the crushing wheel 701 can further cut and crush the potato vines, thereby accelerating the decomposition efficiency of the potato vines, adding the potato vines as organic matter to the soil, and improving the fertility of the soil. The discharge screen plate 703 is used to screen the potato vines to prevent the longer potato vines from falling directly to the ground, and the lifting plate 502 will drive the discharge screen plate 703 to shake up and down. When the discharge screen plate 703 moves upward, the potato vines remaining on it will be driven close to the crushing wheel 701, so that the crushing wheel 701 can crush the potato vines remaining on the discharge screen plate 703 again.

[0052] Embodiment 3: Based on embodiment 2, Figure 2 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, it also includes a driving mechanism for driving the spiral blade 302 to rotate, and the driving mechanism is connected to the spiral blade 302. The driving mechanism includes a rear support frame 8, an input shaft 801, a sleeve 802, a drive shaft 803, a driving gear 804 and a driven gear 805. The rear support frame 8 is fixedly connected to the side bracket 2 located on the rear side, and the input shaft 801 is rotatably connected to the rear support frame 8. The input shaft 801 is used to connect an external driving source, such as a diesel engine, a gasoline engine, an electric motor, etc., and the sleeve 802 is axially slidably connected to the input shaft 801. The drive shaft 803 is rotatably connected to the rear support frame 8. The drive shaft 803 and the sleeve 802 are spline-connected. The drive gear 804 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 803, and the driven gear 805 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the spiral blade 302. The drive gear 804 and the driven gear 805 are meshed.

[0053] The input shaft 801 is driven to rotate by an external driving source, the input shaft 801 drives the driving gear 804 to rotate through the shaft sleeve 802 and the driving shaft 803 , and the driving gear 804 drives the spiral blade 302 to rotate through the driven gear 805 .

[0054] like Figure 8 and Fig.10 As shown, it also includes a material control mechanism for automatically controlling the disconnection of the shaft sleeve 802 and the drive shaft 803. The material control mechanism is connected to the shaft sleeve 802. The material control mechanism includes a material receiving box 9, a load-bearing plate 901, a load-bearing component and a transmission component. The sorting box 104 is symmetrically slidably connected to two material receiving boxes 9. The material receiving boxes 9 slide in the vertical direction. The two material receiving boxes 9 are located on the left and right sides of the sorting box 104, and one of the material receiving boxes 9 is used to receive large-size potatoes flowing out of the screening box 201, and the other material receiving box 9 is used to receive potatoes from the guide frame 201. The small-size potatoes flowing out of 203 are fixedly connected to a load-bearing plate 901 at the lower end of the receiving box 9. The load-bearing plate 901 has a rounded corner on one end close to the sorting box 104. The sorting box 104 is connected with a load-bearing component and a transmission component. The sorting box 104 supports the receiving box 9 through the load-bearing component. When the weight of the potatoes in the receiving box 9 reaches a certain value, the load-bearing component will cancel the support for the receiving box 9, so that the receiving box 9 moves downward to drive the transmission component, and the transmission component will drive the shaft sleeve 802 away from the drive shaft 803 to disconnect.

[0055] by Figure 8 Taking the perspective in as an example, potatoes with large particle sizes will fall from the screening box 201 into the receiving box 9 on the left, and potatoes with small particle sizes will fall into the receiving box 9 on the right through the guide frame 203. When the potatoes in the receiving box 9 reach a certain weight, the load-bearing component will cancel the support for the receiving box 9, so that the receiving box 9 can slide down a distance along the slide on the sorting box 104. When the receiving box 9 slides downward, it will drive the shaft sleeve 802 to move away from the drive shaft 803 through the transmission component. The shaft sleeve 802 will be out of contact with the drive shaft 803, and the driving spring 806 will be compressed, thereby no longer driving the spiral blade 302 to rotate. At this time, the device is stopped and the potatoes in the receiving box 9 are taken out, which can prevent the potatoes from overflowing from the receiving box 9 and facilitate the metering and collection of the potatoes.

[0056] like Figure 6 and Fig.10As shown, the load-bearing assembly includes a lower support plate 807, a load-bearing spring 808, an upper support plate 809, a material control plate 902 and a material control spring 903. The sorting box 104 is symmetrically slidably connected with two lower support plates 807. The lower support plates 807 slide in the horizontal direction. The lower support plates 807 are located at the lower side of the load-bearing plate 901 on the same side. The guide rods of the lower support plates 807 are sleeved with load-bearing springs 808. When the lower support plates 807 slide into the sorting box 104, the load-bearing springs 808 will be compressed. The load-bearing plate 901 is slidably connected with a material control plate 902 in the vertical direction. The material control plate 902 is located in the material receiving box 9. The material control plate 902 is slidably connected with a material control spring on the guide rod. Spring 903, when the material control plate 902 slides downward, the material control spring 903 will be compressed, and the sorting box 104 is symmetrically slidably connected with two upper support plates 809, and the upper support plate 809 also slides in the horizontal direction. The upper support plate 809 and the lower support plate 807 on the same side are fixedly connected, and the upper support plate 809 extends between the material control plate 902 and the load-bearing plate 901. The main bodies of the lower support plate 807 and the upper support plate 809 are right-angled trapezoids, but some of the edges and corners of the lower support plate 807 and the upper support plate 809 are set to rounded shapes. When the material control plate 902 moves downward, it will squeeze the upper support plate 809, so that the upper support plate 809 drives the lower support plate 807 to move away from under the load-bearing plate 901.

[0057] The potatoes entering the material receiving box 9 will fall on the material control plate 902, and the material control spring 903 will support the material control plate 902. As the weight of the potatoes increases, the material control plate 902 will gradually move downward toward the load-bearing plate 901, and the material control spring 903 will be compressed. The material control plate 902 will squeeze the upper support plate 809 into the sorting box 104, and the upper support plate 809 will drive the lower support plate 807 to move synchronously, and the load-bearing spring 808 will also be compressed. When the potatoes reach a certain weight, the load-bearing plate 901 will move with the lower support plate 807. The inclined surface on the upper support plate 809 contacts the material control spring 903, and the material receiving box 9 and the load-bearing plate 901 move downward, thereby triggering the transmission assembly. The certain weight here refers to the weight that can overcome the elastic force of the material control spring 903 and drive the material control plate 902 to squeeze the upper support plate 809; when the weight of the potatoes is reduced, the material control spring 903 will push the material control plate 902 to reset upward, and the load-bearing spring 808 will push the upper support plate 809 and the lower support plate 807 to slide outside the sorting box 104, and the lower support plate 807 will lift the load-bearing plate 901 and the material receiving box 9 upward.

[0058] like Figure 8-Figure 10As shown, the transmission assembly includes a driving spring 806, a material control rod 904, a return spring 905, a pull rope 906, a guide wheel 907 and a control sleeve 908. A driving spring 806 is sleeved on the input shaft 801, and the driving spring 806 is used to push the sleeve 802 close to the driving shaft 803. The rear side of the sorting box 104 is slidably connected with the material control rod 904 in the vertical direction. The guide rod of the material control rod 904 is sleeved with a return spring 905. When the material control rod 904 slides downward, the return spring 905 will be compressed. The two ends of the material control rod 904 extend to the bottom of the load-bearing plate 901 on the same side. The control sleeve 908 is rotatably connected to the sleeve 802, and the control sleeve 908 cannot move relatively axially on the sleeve 802. A pull rope 906 is connected between the control sleeve 908 and the material control rod 904. The guide wheel 907 is rotatably connected to the rear support frame 8, and the pull rope 906 passes around the upper side of the guide wheel 907.

[0059] When the sorting box 104 and the load-bearing plate 901 move downward, they will press the material control rod 904 downward, and the material control rod 904 will compress the reset spring 905, and the material control rod 904 will drive the control sleeve 908 away from the drive shaft 803 through the pull rope 906, and the drive spring 806 will also be compressed, so that the power is no longer transmitted to the drive shaft 803; when the material collecting box 9 and the load-bearing plate 901 are reset upward, the reset spring 905 will also push the material control rod 904 to reset upward, and the drive spring 806 will push the sleeve 802 close to the drive shaft 803, so that the drive shaft 803 can be inserted into the sleeve 802 for power transmission, so as to continue to collect potatoes.

[0060] like Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, it also includes a transmission shaft 10, a transmission gear 11 and an outer pulley group 12 for driving the feed belt 101. The upper end of the screening box 201 is rotatably connected to the transmission shaft 10, one end of the transmission shaft 10 is fixedly connected to the transmission gear 11, the transmission gear 11 is meshed with the driven gear 805, and the other end of the transmission shaft 10 and one of the rotating shafts of the feed belt 101 are connected through the outer pulley group 12. The outer pulley group 12 consists of two single-groove pulleys and a transmission belt, one of which is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 10, and the other is fixedly connected to one of the rotating shafts of the feed belt 101.

[0061] When the driven gear 805 rotates, it drives the feeding belt 101 to rotate through the transmission gear 11 , the transmission shaft 10 and the outer pulley set 12 , so as to transport the potatoes into the sorting box 104 through the feeding belt 101 .

[0062] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the contents described in the claims of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An agricultural product harvesting device with a sorting function, comprising a vehicle body (1), a feeding belt (101), a receiving plate (102) and a side plate (103), wherein: The vehicle body (1) further comprises a sorting box (104), a guide rod (105), a sorting shaft (106), a sorting rod (107) and a guide plate (109); a material receiving plate (102), a side plate (103) and a sorting box (104) are fixedly connected to the vehicle body (1); the material receiving plate (102) is used to scoop up potatoes; a feeding belt (101) is installed on the side plate (103); the feeding belt (101) is used to transport potatoes into the sorting box (104); a plurality of guide rods (105) are arranged in the sorting box (104) and are evenly spaced; One end of the guide rod (105) is tilted downward, and a sorting shaft (106) is rotatably connected in the sorting box (104). A plurality of sorting rods (107) are fixedly connected to the sorting shaft (106) at equal intervals. The sorting rods (107) are used to drag the potato vines under the guide rod (105). A guide plate (109) is fixedly connected to the sorting box (104). The guide plate (109) is used to guide potatoes falling into the sorting box (104), so that the potatoes falling on the guide rod (105) will first flow in the direction of the sorting rod (107).

2. The agricultural product harvesting device with sorting function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a cutting rod (108) for cutting the potato vines. The cutting rod (108) is fixedly connected to the guide rod (105). When the sorting rod (107) drags the potato vines below the guide rod (105), the cutting rod (108) cuts the potato vines.

3. The agricultural product harvesting device with sorting function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclination angles of the plurality of sorting rods (107) on the same sorting axis (106) gradually change.

4. The agricultural product harvesting device with sorting function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vehicle also comprises a screening mechanism for classifying potatoes according to particle size. The screening mechanism is located on the upper side of the guide rod (105). The screening mechanism comprises a side support (2), a screening box (201), a screening plate (202), a guide frame (203) and a lifting assembly. The vehicle body (1) is fixedly connected to the side support (2). The side support (2) is fixedly connected to the screening box (201). The screening box (201) is fixedly connected to the screening box (201). The screening plate (202) and the guide frame (203) are fixedly connected to the screening box (201). Small-diameter potatoes falling downward from the screening plate (202) fall into the guide frame (203) and flow to one side of the vehicle body through the guide frame (203), while large-diameter potatoes falling downward without passing through the screening plate (202) flow to the other side of the vehicle body. The sorting box (104) is equipped with a lifting assembly for conveying potatoes on the guide rod (105) upward into the screening box (201).

5. The agricultural product harvesting device with sorting function according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The lifting assembly comprises a middle bracket (3), a lifting cylinder (301) and a spiral blade (302); the middle bracket (3) is fixedly connected to the sorting box (104); the lifting cylinder (301) is fixedly connected to the middle bracket (3); an opening communicating with the screening box (201) is provided on the upper side of the lifting cylinder (301); and the spiral blade (302) for conveying potatoes upward is rotatably connected inside the lifting cylinder (301).

6. The agricultural product harvesting device with sorting function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The device also includes a material collecting mechanism for collecting potatoes onto the spiral blade (302). The material collecting mechanism is connected to the spiral blade (302). The material collecting mechanism includes a lower gear (4), a reversing gear (401), an upper gear (402), a connecting rod (403), a material collecting cylinder (404), a material collecting plate (405) and an inner supporting plate (406). The lower gear (4) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the spiral blade (302). The inner supporting plate (406) is fixedly connected to the inner supporting plate (406). The reversing gear (401) is rotatably connected to the inner supporting plate (406). An upper gear (402) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft of the spiral blade (302); the reversing gear (401) meshes with the lower gear (4) and the upper gear (402) at the same time; a receiving barrel (404) connected to the lifting barrel (301) is fixedly connected to the upper gear (402) via a connecting rod (403); the receiving barrel (404) and the spiral blade (302) rotate in opposite directions; a collecting plate (405) is fixedly connected to the receiving barrel (404); the collecting plate (405) is used to collect potatoes on the guide rod (105) into the receiving barrel (404).

7. The agricultural product harvesting device with sorting function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The material-shaking assembly is also provided for driving the guide rod (105) to shake. The material-shaking assembly is connected to the material receiving barrel (404). The material-shaking assembly includes a lifting block (5), a force ring (501) and a lifting plate (502). The material receiving barrel (404) is fixedly connected with the lifting block (5), and the guide rod (105) is also fixedly connected with the force ring (501). During the rotation of the material receiving barrel (404), the lifting block (5) will intermittently squeeze the force ring (501) upwards. The sorting box (104) is slidably connected with the lifting plate (502). The guide rod (105) and the lifting plate (502) are fixedly connected.

8. The agricultural product harvesting device with sorting function according to claim 7, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a flip assembly for driving the sorting shaft (106) to rotate. The flip assembly is connected to the lifting plate (502). The flip assembly comprises a flip gear (6), a flip support rod (601) and a flip rack (602). The sorting shaft (106) is rotatably connected to the flip gear (6) via a one-way bearing. The lifting plate (502) is fixedly connected to the flip support rod (601). The flip rack (602) is fixedly connected to the flip support rod (601). The flip gear (6) and the flip rack (602) are meshed.

9. The agricultural product harvesting device with sorting function according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a pulverizing mechanism for pulverizing potato vines that have fallen to the lower side of the guide rod (105). The pulverizing mechanism is connected to the spiral blade (302). The pulverizing mechanism includes a pulverizing bracket (7), a pulverizing wheel (701), an inner belt pulley group (702) and a material discharge screen plate (703). Two pulverizing wheels (701) are rotatably connected to the pulverizing bracket (7) in the sorting box (104). A pulverizing wheel (701) is also fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the spiral blade (302). A blade for cutting potato vines is provided on the pulverizing wheel (701). A material discharge screen plate (703) for screening potato vines is fixedly connected to the lower side of the lifting plate (502). The three pulverizing wheels (701) are connected in a transmission manner via the inner belt pulley group (702).

10. The agricultural product harvesting device with sorting function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a driving mechanism for driving the spiral blade (302) to rotate, the driving mechanism being connected to the spiral blade (302), the driving mechanism comprising a rear support frame (8), an input shaft (801), a shaft sleeve (802), a driving shaft (803), a driving gear (804) and a driven gear (805), the rear support frame (8) being fixedly connected to the side support frame (2) located at the rear side, the input shaft (801) and the driving shaft (803) being rotatably connected to the rear support frame (8), The input shaft (801) is used to connect to an external driving source. A shaft sleeve (802) is axially slidably connected to the input shaft (801). The drive shaft (803) and the shaft sleeve (802) are spline-connected. A drive gear (804) is fixedly connected to the drive shaft (803). A driven gear (805) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the spiral blade (302). The drive gear (804) and the driven gear (805) are meshed, and the transmission of power can be controlled by moving the shaft sleeve (802).

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