Agricultural product harvesting device with sorting function

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural product harvesting, and particularly relates to an agricultural product harvesting device with a sorting function, which comprises a vehicle body, a feeding belt, a material receiving plate, side plates, a sorting box, guide rods, a sorting shaft, sorting rods and the like. The material receiving plate, the side plates and the sorting box are fixedly connected to the vehicle body. The material receiving plate is used for digging up potatoes. The feeding belt is installed on the side plates and is used for conveying the potatoes into the sorting box. A plurality of equidistantly distributed guide rods are arranged in the sorting box, and one end of each of the guide rods is downwardly inclined. The sorting shaft is rotatably connected to the sorting box. A plurality of equidistantly fixed sorting rods are arranged on the sorting shaft. The sorting rods are used for dragging the potato stems downwardly below the guide rods. The device can automatically cut the potato stems into small sections during the harvesting process, so that the potato stems can fall downwardly through the guide rods, and the potatoes can continue to flow under the action of the guide rods, thereby realizing the function of sorting the potatoes from the potato stems.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural product harvesting, and in particular to an agricultural product harvesting device with a sorting function. BACKGROUND

[0002] Potatoes are the fourth largest food crop in the world, and their harvesting efficiency and quality are crucial to agriculture. With the development of agricultural modernization, mechanized harvesting has gradually become one of the key technologies for improving agricultural production efficiency.

[0003] During potato harvesting, a seedling killer is usually used to break the potato seedlings on the ridges, and then a potato picking machine is used to pick up the potatoes in the ridges. However, there are still a lot of potato seedlings left in the ridges after the seedling killer is used. The potato picking machine generally does not have the function of actively removing potato seedlings, and because the potato seedlings are relatively long, they are difficult to fall off the conveyor belt during the conveying process, resulting in the need for multiple workers to stand on the picking machine and manually pick out the potato seedlings on the conveyor belt during potato harvesting using the potato picking machine.

[0004] In the existing related type technical solutions, Chinese patent CN115024076B discloses a mountain potato harvester and a harvesting method, which includes a rack, a digging device, a seedling killer, a separation device, and a collection device. The separation device includes a transmission mechanism, a set of extrusion rollers arranged above the transmission mechanism, a separation assembly, a first guide plate, and a second guide plate arranged in front and back. The separation assembly includes a crossbar arranged on the rack in the left-right direction and a plurality of separation rods arranged on the crossbar, with the separation rods arranged higher in front and lower in back. The first guide plate and the second guide plate are arranged on the rack to change the direction of movement of the potatoes on the transmission mechanism, and the guide directions of the first guide plate and the second guide plate are different.

[0005] The seedling killer in the above technical solution only cuts the potato seedlings on the ground, but there are still potato seedlings left underground. The seedling killer is similar to the existing seedling killer, and there will also be potato seedlings left in the actual use process. The above technical solution does not have the function of actively removing potato seedlings, resulting in the mixing of potato seedlings with potatoes, which requires workers to manually pick out the potato seedlings. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing potato harvesters that do not have the function of actively removing potato seedlings and the difficulty of automatically falling off the conveyor belt during the conveying process due to the length of the potato seedlings, the purpose of the present application is to provide an agricultural product harvesting device with a sorting function.

[0007] Technical solution: a kind of agricultural product harvesting device with sorting function, including car body, feeding belt, receiving plate, side plate, sorting box, guide rod, sorting shaft, sorting rod and guide plate, receiving plate is fixedly connected on the car body, side plate and sorting box, receiving plate is used to shovel potato, feeding belt is installed on side plate, and feeding belt is used to deliver potato to sorting box, a plurality of equidistantly distributed guide rods are arranged in sorting box, and one end of guide rod is inclined downward, sorting shaft is rotatably connected in sorting box, equidistantly fixed with a plurality of sorting rods on sorting shaft, sorting rod is used to drag potato vine to the lower side of guide rod, guide plate is fixedly connected on sorting box, and guide plate is used to guide potato falling into sorting box, so that potato on guide rod will flow to the direction of sorting rod first.

[0008] As the improvement of the above scheme, it further includes cutting rod for cutting potato vine, and the cutting rod is fixedly connected on the guide rod, and the cutting rod will cut potato vine during the process that the sorting rod drags potato vine to the lower side of guide rod.

[0009] As the improvement of the above scheme, the inclination angles of the plurality of sorting rods on the same sorting shaft gradually change.

[0010] As the improvement of the above scheme, it further includes screening mechanism for classifying potato according to particle size, and the screening mechanism is located on the upper side of guide rod, and the screening mechanism includes side support, screening box, screening plate, guide frame and lifting assembly, the side support is fixedly connected on the car body, the screening box is fixedly connected on the side support, the screening plate and guide frame are fixedly connected on the screening box, small-diameter potato falling downward through the screening plate will fall into the guide frame and flow to the side of car body through the guide frame, while large-diameter potato not falling downward through the screening plate will flow to the other side of car body, and the lifting assembly is installed on the sorting box, and the lifting assembly is used to deliver potato on the guide rod upward into the screening box.

[0011] As the improvement of the above scheme, the lifting assembly includes middle support, lifting cylinder and spiral blade, the middle support is fixedly connected on the sorting box, the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected on the middle support, and the opening in communication with the screening box is formed in the upper side of lifting cylinder, and the spiral blade for delivering potato upward is rotatably connected in the lifting cylinder.

[0012] As the improvement of the above-mentioned scheme, the potato collecting mechanism for collecting the potato to the spiral blade is further included, the collecting mechanism is connected with the spiral blade, the collecting mechanism includes the lower gear, the reversing gear, the upper gear, the connecting rod, the collecting cylinder, the collecting plate and the inner support plate, the lower gear is fixed on the rotating shaft of the spiral blade, the inner support plate is fixed in the sorting box, the reversing gear is rotatably connected on the inner support plate, the upper gear is rotatably connected on the rotating shaft of the spiral blade, the reversing gear is meshed with the lower gear and the upper gear, the collecting cylinder which is communicated with the lifting cylinder is fixed on the upper gear through the connecting rod, the rotating direction of the collecting cylinder is opposite to that of the spiral blade, the collecting plate is fixed on the collecting cylinder, and the collecting plate is used for collecting the potato on the guide rod to the collecting cylinder.

[0013] As the improvement of the above-mentioned scheme, the shaking assembly for driving the guide rod to shake is further included, the shaking assembly is connected with the collecting cylinder, the shaking assembly includes the lifting block, the stress ring and the lifting plate, the lifting block is fixed on the collecting cylinder, the stress ring is fixed on the guide rod, the lifting block intermittently extrudes the stress ring upward during the rotation of the collecting cylinder, the lifting plate is slidably connected on the sorting box, and the guide rod is fixed with the lifting plate.

[0014] As the improvement of the above-mentioned scheme, the turnover assembly for driving the sorting shaft to rotate is further included, the turnover assembly is connected with the lifting plate, the turnover assembly includes the turnover gear, the turnover support rod and the turnover rack, the turnover gear is rotatably connected on the sorting shaft through the one-way bearing, the turnover support rod is fixed on the lifting plate, the turnover rack is fixed on the turnover support rod, and the turnover gear is meshed with the turnover rack.

[0015] As the improvement of the above-mentioned scheme, the crushing mechanism for crushing the potato stem falling to the lower side of the guide rod is further included, the crushing mechanism is connected with the spiral blade, the crushing mechanism includes the crushing support, the crushing wheel, the inner belt wheel set and the discharging sieve plate, two crushing wheels are rotatably connected in the sorting box through the crushing support, and one crushing wheel is also fixed on the rotating shaft of the spiral blade, the crushing wheel is provided with the blade for cutting the potato stem, the discharging sieve plate for screening the potato stem is fixed on the lower side of the lifting plate, and the three crushing wheels are drivingly connected through the inner belt wheel set.

[0016] As the improvement of the above-mentioned scheme, the driving mechanism for driving the spiral blade to rotate is further included, the driving mechanism is connected with the spiral blade, the driving mechanism includes the rear support frame, the input shaft, the shaft sleeve, the driving shaft, the driving gear and the driven gear, the rear support frame is fixed on the side support located at the rear side, the input shaft and the driving shaft are rotatably connected on the rear support frame, the input shaft is used for connecting the external driving source, the shaft sleeve is slidably connected on the input shaft in the axial direction, the driving shaft is splined with the shaft sleeve, the driving gear is fixed on the driving shaft, the driven gear is fixed on the rotating shaft of the spiral blade, the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear, and the transmission of the power can be controlled by moving the shaft sleeve.

[0017] As the improvement of the above-mentioned scheme, the control mechanism for automatically controlling the disconnection of the shaft sleeve and the driving shaft is further included, the control mechanism is connected with the shaft sleeve, and the control mechanism comprises the receiving box, the bearing plate, the bearing assembly and the transmission assembly, two receiving boxes are symmetrically and slidingly connected on the sorting box, the two receiving boxes are located on the left and right sides of the sorting box, and one of the two receiving boxes is used for receiving the large-diameter potatoes flowing out of the screening box, and the other receiving box is used for receiving the small-diameter potatoes flowing out of the guide frame, the bearing plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of each receiving box, a rounded corner is formed on the end of the bearing plate close to the sorting box, the bearing assembly and the transmission assembly are connected to the sorting box, the sorting box supports the receiving box through the bearing assembly, when the weight of the potatoes in the receiving box reaches a certain value, the bearing assembly cancels the support of the receiving box, so that the receiving box moves downward to drive the transmission assembly, and the transmission assembly drives the shaft sleeve to move away from the driving shaft to disconnect.

[0018] As the improvement of the above-mentioned scheme, the bearing assembly comprises the lower support plate, the bearing spring, the upper support plate, the control plate and the control spring, two lower support plates are symmetrically and slidingly connected in the sorting box, the lower support plates are located on the lower side of the bearing plate on the same side, the bearing spring is sleeved on the guide rod of the lower support plate, and the lower support plate is compressed when sliding into the sorting box, the control plate is slidingly connected to the bearing plate in the vertical direction, the control plate is located in the receiving box, the control spring is slidingly connected to the guide rod of the control plate, and the control spring is compressed when the control plate slides downward, the upper support plate is fixedly connected to the bearing plate, and the upper support plate is located between the control plate and the bearing plate, the main bodies of the lower support plate and the upper support plate are in the shape of a right-angled trapezoid, but part of the edges of the lower support plate and the upper support plate are in the shape of a rounded corner, and the control plate extrudes the upper support plate when moving downward, so that the upper support plate drives the lower support plate to move away from below the bearing plate.

[0019] As the improvement of the above-mentioned scheme, the transmission assembly comprises the driving spring, the control rod, the reset spring, the pull rope, the guide wheel and the control sleeve, the driving spring is sleeved on the input shaft and used for pushing the shaft sleeve to be close to the driving shaft, the control rod is slidingly connected to the rear side of the sorting box in the vertical direction, the reset spring is sleeved on the guide rod of the control rod, and the reset spring is compressed when the control rod slides downward, the two ends of the control rod extend to the lower side of the bearing plate on the same side, the control sleeve is rotationally connected to the shaft sleeve and cannot relatively move in the axial direction of the shaft sleeve, the pull rope is connected between the control sleeve and the control rod, and the guide wheel is rotationally connected to the rear support frame, and the pull rope is wound from the upper side of the guide wheel.

[0020] As the improvement of the above scheme, it further comprises a transmission shaft, a transmission gear and an outer pulley set for driving the feeding belt, the transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the upper end of the screening box, one end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the transmission gear, the transmission gear is engaged with the driven gear, the other end of the transmission shaft is drivingly connected with one of the rotating shafts of the feeding belt through the outer pulley set, the outer pulley set is composed of two single-groove pulleys and a transmission belt, one of the single-groove pulleys is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft, and the other single-groove pulley is fixedly connected to one of the rotating shafts of the feeding belt.

[0021] The beneficial effects are: 1. The device can automatically cut the potato stems into small sections during the harvesting process, allowing the potato stems to fall downward through the guide rod, while the potatoes continue to flow under the action of the guide rod, achieving the function of separating the potatoes from the potato stems, and the screening mechanism can also sort the potatoes according to their size during the harvesting process, eliminating the need for subsequent separate sorting steps and improving the efficiency of potato harvesting;

[0022] 2. When the sorting rod rotates, it drags the potato stems downward below the guide rod, causing the potato stems to bend and come into contact with the cutting rod, which achieves the function of cutting the potato stems. This prevents long potato stems from winding around the sorting rod and facilitates the automatic falling of the cut potato stems from the guide rod;

[0023] 3. When the spiral blade rotates, it can transport the potatoes on the guide rod upward to the screening plate. Large-diameter potatoes can fall to one side of the vehicle body through the screening box, while small-diameter potatoes can pass through the screening plate and fall onto the guide frame, which guides them to fall to the other side of the vehicle body;

[0024] 4. When the spiral blade rotates, it can drive the material collecting cylinder to rotate in the opposite direction through the action of the lower gear, the reversing gear, and the upper gear, allowing the material collecting plate to gather the potatoes on the guide rod into the material collecting cylinder, facilitating the upward transport of the potatoes by the spiral blade;

[0025] 5. When the material collecting cylinder rotates, the jacking block intermittently presses the stress ring upward, causing the guide rod and the lifting plate to reciprocate up and down. This increases the flowability of the potatoes and facilitates the downward falling of the soil and cut potato stems. The lifting plate also drives the sorting rod to rotate through the action of the turning rack and the turning gear;

[0026] 6. When the weight of the potatoes in the material collecting box reaches a certain amount, the load-bearing assembly automatically cancels the support of the material collecting box, causing the material collecting box to move downward and disengage the shaft sleeve and the drive shaft through the transmission assembly. This prevents the potatoes from overflowing from the material collecting box and facilitates the measurement and collection of the potatoes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.

[0028] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the position relation of the sorting box of the present application.

[0029] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the cross-section structure of the sorting box and the lifting cylinder of the present application.

[0030] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the position relation of the stress ring of the present application.

[0031] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting rod of the present application.

[0032] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the position relation of the sorting shaft of the present application.

[0033] Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the position relation of the screening plate of the present application.

[0034] Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the position relation of the rear support frame of the present application.

[0035] Figure 9 The schematic diagram of the connection relation of the driving shaft and the shaft sleeve of the present application.

[0036] Figure 10 The schematic diagram of the cross-section structure of the material collecting box of the present application.

[0037] Label name in the figure: 1-vehicle body, 101-feeding belt, 102-material collecting plate, 103-side plate, 104-sorting box, 105-guiding rod, 106-sorting shaft, 107-sorting rod, 108-cutting rod, 109-guiding plate, 2-side support, 201-screening box, 202-screening plate, 203-guiding frame, 3-middle support, 301-lifting cylinder, 302-spiral blade, 4-lower gear, 401-reversing gear, 402-upper gear, 403-linking rod, 404-material collecting cylinder, 405-material collecting plate, 406-inner support plate, 5-lifting block, 501-stress ring, 502-lifting plate, 6-flipping gear, 601-flipping support rod, 602-flipping rack, 7-pulverizing support, 701-pulverizing wheel, 702-inner pulley set, 703-discharge screening plate, 8-rear support frame, 801-input shaft, 802-shaft sleeve, 803-driving shaft, 804-driving gear, 805-driven gear, 806-driving spring, 807-lower support plate, 808-bearing spring, 809-upper support plate, 9-material collecting box, 901-bearing plate, 902-material control plate, 903-material control spring, 904-material control rod, 905-return spring, 906-pulling rope, 907-guiding wheel, 908-control sleeve, 10-transmission shaft, 11-transmission gear, 12-outer pulley set. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] Embodiment 1: a kind of agricultural product harvesting device with sorting function, as shown in Figures 1-3 shown, including car body 1, feeding belt 101, receiving plate 102, side plate 103, sorting box 104, guide rod 105, sorting shaft 106, sorting rod 107 and guide plate 109, the front side of car body 1 is fixedly connected with receiving plate 102, receiving plate 102 is used to shovel potato on the field ridge in the process of moving car body 1, car body 1 is fixedly connected with two side plates 103 which are symmetrical left and right, the front side of the two side plates 103 is distributed in the shape of eight characters, so as to gather the potato on the field ridge to the front side of receiving plate 102, the feeding belt 101 is installed on the two side plates 103, the feeding belt 101 is prior art, a plurality of straight rods are arranged in an annular array on the feeding belt 101, and the plurality of straight rods are equally spaced, so that soil falls from the gap between the straight rods, the feeding belt 101 is arranged in an inclined manner with the front low and the back high, the sorting box 104 is fixedly connected to the car body 1, the sorting box 104 is located at the rear side of the feeding belt 101, the potato will be transported upwards by the feeding belt 101 into the sorting box 104, two groups of guide rods 105 are symmetrically arranged in the sorting box 104, each group of guide rods 105 has 9, the 9 guide rods 105 in each group are equally spaced in the front-rear direction, the adjacent ends of the two groups of guide rods 105 are inclined downward, and the top ends of the guide rods 105 are curved surfaces, so as to facilitate the flow of potato, the sorting shaft 106 is rotatably connected in the sorting box 104, the sorting shaft 106 is located below the guide rod 105, 9 sorting rods 107 are fixedly connected to the sorting shaft 106 in the front-rear direction, the sorting rod 107 is J-shaped, the sorting rod 107 is used to drag the potato stems mixed in the potato downwards the guide rod 105, so as to separate the potato and the potato stems, the guide plate 109 is fixedly connected to the sorting box 104, the guide plate 109 is used to guide the potato falling into the sorting box 104, so that the potato can fall to the side away from the two groups of sorting rods 107, so as to flow the potato to the direction close to the sorting rod 107.

[0040] When it's time to harvest potatoes, the vines are first killed using a vine-killing machine. Then, the vehicle 1 moves along the potato planting ridges. The receiving plate 102 scoops up the potatoes from the ridges, along with the soil and vines. As the vehicle 1 moves forward, the potatoes, soil, and vines flow onto the feeding belt 101, which transports them upwards. The soil scooped up by the receiving plate 102 falls downwards through the feeding belt 101. When the potatoes and vines are at the top, they fall onto the guide bar 105, which guides the potatoes and vines. The sorting shaft 106 allows potatoes and vines to fall onto the opposite sides of the two sorting rods 107, preventing potatoes from falling downwards through the gap between the guide rods 105. Because the guide rods 105 are inclined, the potatoes and vines flow between them. When some vines land on the guide rods 105, their length direction is aligned with the length direction of the guide rods 105, roughly meaning they are parallel to the guide rods 105. These vines will fall downwards through the gap between the guide rods 105 during the flow. During potato harvesting, the sorting shaft 106 drives the sorting rods 107 to rotate. Figure 3 From the perspective of the sorting shaft 106 on the right, it rotates clockwise, while the sorting shaft 106 on the left rotates counterclockwise. This causes the sorting rod 107 to rotate in the opposite direction to the potato flow. The potatoes will pass through the sorting rod 107 during the flow. The potatoes can pass through the sorting rod 107 normally, but the potato vines are relatively long. Therefore, during the rotation of the sorting rod 107, the potato vines remaining on the guide rod 105 will be hooked. As the sorting rod 107 rotates under the guide rod 105, the sorting rod 107 will drive the potato vines to fall under the guide rod 105, thereby separating the potatoes from the potato vines, making it easier for workers to harvest the potatoes directly.

[0041] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, it also includes a cutting rod 108 for cutting the potato vines. Each guide rod 105 has a cutting rod 108 fixed to its lower end. The cutting rods 108 are distributed along the length of the guide rod 105. The cutting rods 108 are T-shaped and the edges of the cutting rods 108 are ground. When the sorting rod 107 drags the potato vines under the guide rod 105, the ground edges of the cutting rods 108 will cut the potato vines to prevent longer potato vines from falling off the guide rod 105.

[0042] In the process of moving the potato seedling to the two guide rods 105 by the sorting rod 107, the potato seedling will be concave to the two guide rods 105, and when the potato seedling and the cutting rod 108 on the lower side of the guide rod 105 are in contact, the potato seedling will be cut off, so that the potato seedling with a longer length is cut into small pieces by the plurality of cutting rods 108, so that the potato seedling can directly pass through the guide rod 105 in the flow process and fall down, and the potato seedling with a longer length can be prevented from winding on the sorting rod 107 to affect the normal operation of the device.

[0043] As shown in Figure 6 , the inclination angles of the 9 sorting rods 107 on the same sorting shaft 106 gradually change, which prevents the potato seedling from being tightened when the plurality of sorting rods 107 simultaneously drag the same potato seedling, so that the potato seedling can be concave to the two guide rods 105 and contact the cutting rod 108. Figure 6 From the perspective of the view angle in , the angle of the right sorting rod 107 decreases by 3° in the clockwise direction, and the angle of the other sorting rod 107 increases by 3° in the clockwise direction.

[0044] If the inclination angles of the sorting rods 107 on the same sorting shaft 106 are consistent, when the potato seedling is horizontal on the guide rod 105, the potato seedling will be dragged downward by the plurality of sorting rods 107 at the same time, at this time the potato seedling can be tightened, which makes it difficult for the potato seedling to be concave to the two guide rods 105 and contact the cutting rod 108, thereby making it difficult for the potato seedling to be cut off smoothly, affecting the smoothness of the operation of the device, so that the inclination angles of the 9 sorting rods 107 on the same sorting shaft 106 gradually change, and the sorting rod 107 can alternately drag the same potato seedling downward, so as to prevent the potato seedling from being tightened and difficult to be concave to the two guide rods 105, thereby improving the smoothness of the operation of the device.

[0045] Example 2: on the basis of example 1, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 7As shown, the potato sorting device also includes a screening mechanism for classifying potatoes according to particle size, which is located on the upper side of the guide rod 105. The screening mechanism includes side supports 2, a screening box 201, a screening plate 202, a guide frame 203, and a lifting assembly. Two side supports 2 are fixedly connected to the vehicle body 1 and located on the front and rear sides of the sorting box 104. The two side supports 2 are jointly fixedly connected with the screening box 201. The screening plate 202 is fixedly connected to the screening box 201 and has holes for screening potatoes. The screening plate 202 is inclined. The guide frame 203 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the screening box 201. Potatoes that fall downward through the screening plate 202 will fall into the guide frame 203. The guide frame 203 is also inclined, but the inclination direction of the guide frame 203 is opposite to that of the screening plate 202. This allows large-diameter potatoes to fall to one side of the vehicle body 1 through the screening box 201 and the screening plate 202, and small-diameter potatoes to fall to the other side of the vehicle body 1 through the guide frame 203. The lifting assembly is installed on the sorting box 104 and used to upwardly transport the potatoes on the guide rod 105 into the screening box 201.

[0046] After the potatoes pass through the sorting rod 107, they will continue to flow to the adjacent end of the two guide rods 105. The lifting assembly will upwardly lift and transport the potatoes into the screening box 201, and the potatoes will fall on the screening plate 202. Large-diameter potatoes will roll along the screening plate 202 and be discharged downward through the downward opening of the screening box 201. Small-diameter potatoes will fall downward through the screening plate 202 into the guide frame 203 and roll to the other side along the guide frame 203.

[0047] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the lifting assembly includes a middle support 3, a lifting cylinder 301, and a spiral blade 302. The middle support 3 is fixedly connected to the sorting box 104. The lifting cylinder 301 is fixedly connected to the middle support 3 and has its upper side fixedly connected with the screening box 201 and the guide frame 203. The spiral blade 302 is rotatably connected in the lifting cylinder 301. During rotation, the spiral blade 302 will upwardly transport the potatoes on the guide rod 105. An opening is formed in the upper side of the lifting cylinder 301 and communicates with the screening box 201.

[0048] During rotation, the spiral blade 302 will upwardly transport the potatoes on the guide rod 105. When the potatoes are transported to the upper side of the lifting cylinder 301, they will enter the screening box 201 through the opening in the upper side of the lifting cylinder 301. The working principle of the lifting assembly can also refer to the existing spiral conveyor.

[0049] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 6The potato is also shown, including a collection mechanism for collecting the potato to the spiral blade 302, the collection mechanism and the spiral blade 302 are connected, the collection mechanism includes the lower gear 4, the reversing gear 401, the upper gear 402, the connecting rod 403, the collection cylinder 404, the collection plate 405 and the inner support plate 406, the lower gear 4 is fixedly connected on the rotating shaft of the spiral blade 302, the inner support plate 406 is fixedly connected in the sorting box 104, the inner support plate 406 is located below the guide rod 105, the reversing gear 401 is rotatably connected on the inner support plate 406, the upper gear 402 is rotatably connected on the rotating shaft of the spiral blade 302, the reversing gear 401, the lower gear 4 and the upper gear 402 are all bevel gears, the reversing gear 401 is meshed with the lower gear 4 and the upper gear 402 at the same time, and the upper gear 402 is located on the upper side of the reversing gear 401, and the lower gear 4 is located on the lower side of the reversing gear 401, the connecting rod 403 is fixedly connected on the upper gear 402, the collection cylinder 404 is fixedly connected on the connecting rod 403, the collection cylinder 404 is communicated with the lifting cylinder 301 above, two openings are formed on the side wall of the collection cylinder 404, and the collection cylinder 404 is located between the two sorting rods 107, the upper side of the collection cylinder 404 is rotatably connected with the middle support 3, the lower side of the collection cylinder 404 is rotatably connected with the inner support plate 406, the inner support plate 406 supports the collection cylinder 404, the rotating directions of the collection cylinder 404 and the spiral blade 302 are opposite, two collection plates 405 are fixedly connected in annular array on the collection cylinder 404, the collection plates 405 are located on the upper side of the guide rod 105, and the collection plates 405 will gather the potatoes on the guide rod 105 to the openings of the collection cylinder 404 during the rotation of the collection cylinder 404.

[0050] The potato will continue to flow to the direction of the collection cylinder 404 after passing through the sorting rod 107, the spiral blade 302 will drive the upper gear 402 to rotate counterclockwise through the lower gear 4 and the reversing gear 401 during clockwise rotation, the upper gear 402 will drive the collection cylinder 404 to rotate counterclockwise through the connecting rod 403, and the collection plates 405 will collect the potatoes to the collection cylinder 404, so that the potatoes can smoothly enter the collection cylinder 404, and the potatoes entering the collection cylinder 404 will be conveyed upward by the spiral blade 302.

[0051] As Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, the device further comprises a shaking assembly for driving the flow guide rods 105 to shake, the shaking assembly is connected with the collecting cylinder 404, and the shaking assembly comprises the jacking blocks 5, the force receiving ring 501 and the lifting plates 502, four jacking blocks 5 are fixedly connected in an annular array on the outer wall of the collecting cylinder 404, the top end of each jacking block 5 is curved, the force receiving ring 501 is fixedly connected to the two groups of flow guide rods 105, the collecting cylinder 404 passes through the force receiving ring 501, the length of the flow guide rods 105 changes adaptively along the outer wall of the force receiving ring 501, the lower end of the force receiving ring 501 is provided with a protrusion, and the lower end of the protrusion is curved, the jacking blocks 5 will intermittently press the force receiving ring 501 upwards during the rotation of the collecting cylinder 404, and the lifting plates 502 are symmetrically and slidably connected to the inner wall of the sorting box 104, the lifting plates 502 slide in the vertical direction, and the ends of the two groups of flow guide rods 105 away from each other are fixedly connected to the lifting plates 502 on the same side.

[0052] During the rotation of the collecting cylinder 404, the jacking blocks 5 will intermittently press the force receiving ring 501 upwards, so as to drive the force receiving ring 501 and the lifting plates 502 to move upwards, and when the jacking blocks 5 cancel the pressing of the force receiving ring 501, the force receiving ring 501 and the lifting plates 502 will move downwards, so as to drive the flow guide rods 105 to shake up and down, which can increase the flowability of potatoes and facilitate the falling of the cut potato stems and soil downwards.

[0053] As shown in Figures 2-4 , the device further comprises a turnover assembly for driving the sorting shafts 106 to rotate, the turnover assembly is connected with the lifting plates 502, and the turnover assembly comprises the turnover gears 6, the turnover struts 601 and the turnover racks 602, the turnover gears 6 are rotatably connected to the sorting shafts 106 through one-way bearings, the turnover gears 6 can only drive the sorting shafts 106 to rotate in one direction through the one-way bearings, the turnover struts 601 are fixedly connected to the lifting plates 502, the turnover struts 601 pass out of the front side wall of the sorting box 104, and the front side wall of the sorting box 104 is provided with through holes for facilitating the lifting of the turnover struts 601, the turnover racks 602 are fixedly connected to the turnover struts 601, and the turnover gears 6 and the turnover racks 602 are engaged.

[0054] During the upward and downward movement of the lifting plates 502, the turnover racks 602 will drive the turnover gears 6 to rotate, so that Figure 6 , for example, the right sorting shaft 106 on the right side will drive the sorting shaft 106 to rotate synchronously when the turnover gear 6 rotates clockwise, and the right sorting shaft 106 will not rotate when the turnover gear 6 rotates counterclockwise, and the left sorting shaft 106 on the left side will drive the sorting shaft 106 to rotate synchronously when the turnover gear 6 rotates counterclockwise, and the left sorting shaft 106 will not rotate when the turnover gear 6 rotates clockwise.

[0055] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown, the potato sorting device further comprises a crushing mechanism for crushing the potato stems falling to the lower side of the flow guide rod 105, the crushing mechanism is connected with the spiral blade 302, and the crushing mechanism comprises a crushing support 7, a crushing wheel 701, an inner belt pulley set 702 and a discharging sieve plate 703. Two crushing supports 7 are symmetrically and fixedly connected in the sorting box 104, the crushing wheel 701 is rotatably connected to the crushing support 7, the rotating shaft of the spiral blade 302 is fixedly connected with the crushing wheel 701, the crushing wheel 701 is provided with a blade for cutting the potato stems, the crushing wheel 701 is located below the flow guide rod 105 and the sorting shaft 106, the discharging sieve plate 703 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the lifting plate 502, the discharging sieve plate 703 is used for screening the cut potato stems, and the discharging sieve plate 703 is located below the crushing wheel 701. The three crushing wheels 701 are drivingly connected through the inner belt pulley set 702, the inner belt pulley set 702 is composed of two single-groove belt pulleys, a double-groove belt pulley and two transmission belts, and the rotating shaft of the crushing wheel 701 mounted on the crushing support 7 is fixedly connected with a single-groove belt pulley. The rotating shaft of the spiral blade 302 is fixedly connected with the double-groove belt pulley.

[0056] The crushing wheel 701 on the spiral blade 302 rotates during the rotation of the spiral blade 302, and the other two crushing wheels 701 are driven to rotate through the inner belt pulley set 702. During the process that the potato stems pass through the flow guide rod 105 and fall downward, the blades on the crushing wheel 701 can further cut and crush the potato stems, so as to accelerate the decomposition efficiency of the potato stems, add the potato stems as organic matter to the soil, and improve the fertility of the soil. The discharging sieve plate 703 is used for screening the potato stems to prevent the long potato stems from directly falling to the ground, and the lifting plate 502 drives the discharging sieve plate 703 to shake up and down. During the upward movement of the discharging sieve plate 703, the residual potato stems on the discharging sieve plate 703 are brought close to the crushing wheel 701, so that the crushing wheel 701 can further crush the residual potato stems on the discharging sieve plate 703.

[0057] In the embodiment 2, as shown in Figure 2 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown, the potato sorting device further comprises a driving mechanism for driving the spiral blade 302 to rotate, the driving mechanism is connected with the spiral blade 302, and the driving mechanism comprises a rear support frame 8, an input shaft 801, a shaft sleeve 802, a driving shaft 803, a driving gear 804 and a driven gear 805. The rear support frame 8 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the side support 2, the input shaft 801 is rotatably connected to the rear support frame 8, the input shaft 801 is used for connecting an external driving source such as a diesel engine, a gasoline engine, an electric motor and the like, the shaft sleeve 802 is axially and slidably connected to the input shaft 801, the driving shaft 803 is rotatably connected to the rear support frame 8, the driving shaft 803 is splinedly connected with the shaft sleeve 802, the driving gear 804 is fixedly connected to the driving shaft 803, the driven gear 805 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the spiral blade 302, and the driving gear 804 is engaged with the driven gear 805.

[0058] The input shaft 801 is rotated by an external driving source, and the input shaft 801 drives the driving gear 804 to rotate through the shaft sleeve 802 and the driving shaft 803, and the driving gear 804 drives the spiral blade 302 to rotate through the driven gear 805.

[0059] As shown in Figure 8 and Figure 10 , it also includes a control mechanism for automatically controlling the disconnection of the shaft sleeve 802 and the driving shaft 803, the control mechanism is connected with the shaft sleeve 802, and the control mechanism includes a receiving box 9, a bearing plate 901, a bearing assembly and a transmission assembly. Two receiving boxes 9 are symmetrically and slidingly connected on the sorting box 104, and the receiving boxes 9 slide in the vertical direction. The two receiving boxes 9 are located on the left and right sides of the sorting box 104, and one of the receiving boxes 9 is used to receive large-diameter potatoes flowing out of the screening box 201, and the other receiving box 9 is used to receive small-diameter potatoes flowing out of the flow guide frame 203. The lower end of the receiving box 9 is fixedly connected with the bearing plate 901, and a rounded corner is formed on one end of the bearing plate 901 close to the sorting box 104. The sorting box 104 is connected with the bearing assembly and the transmission assembly, and the sorting box 104 supports the receiving box 9 through the bearing assembly. When the weight of the potatoes in the receiving box 9 reaches a certain value, the bearing assembly will cancel the support of the receiving box 9, so that the receiving box 9 moves downward to drive the transmission assembly, and the transmission assembly drives the shaft sleeve 802 to move away from the driving shaft 803 to disconnect.

[0060] For example, in the view of Figure 8 , the large-diameter potatoes will fall from the screening box 201 into the left receiving box 9, and the small-diameter potatoes will fall from the flow guide frame 203 into the right receiving box 9. When the weight of the potatoes in the receiving box 9 reaches a certain value, the bearing assembly will cancel the support of the receiving box 9, so that the receiving box 9 can slide downward along the slide on the sorting box 104 by a distance. When the receiving box 9 slides downward, it will drive the shaft sleeve 802 to move away from the driving shaft 803 through the transmission assembly, the shaft sleeve 802 will be out of contact with the driving shaft 803, and the driving spring 806 will be compressed, so that the spiral blade 302 will no longer rotate. At this time, the stop device stops moving and takes out the potatoes in the receiving box 9, which can not only prevent the potatoes from overflowing from the receiving box 9, but also facilitate the measurement and collection of the potatoes.

[0061] As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 10As shown, the load-bearing assembly includes a lower support plate 807, a load-bearing spring 808, an upper support plate 809, a material control plate 902 and a material control spring 903. Two lower support plates 807 are symmetrically and slidably connected to the sorting box 104 and slide in the horizontal direction. The lower support plates 807 are located below the load-bearing plates 901 on the same side. The load-bearing spring 808 is sleeved on the guide rod of the lower support plate 807. When the lower support plate 807 slides into the sorting box 104, the load-bearing spring 808 is compressed. The material control plate 902 is slidably connected to the load-bearing plate 901 in the vertical direction and is located in the material collecting box 9. The material control spring 903 is slidably connected to the guide rod of the material control plate 902. When the material control plate 902 slides downward, the material control spring 903 is compressed. Two upper support plates 809 are symmetrically and slidably connected to the sorting box 104 and slide in the horizontal direction. The upper support plates 809 on the same side are fixedly connected to the lower support plates 807. The upper support plates 809 extend between the material control plate 902 and the load-bearing plate 901. The main bodies of the lower support plates 807 and the upper support plates 809 are right trapezoidal, but some corners of the lower support plates 807 and the upper support plates 809 are rounded. When the material control plate 902 moves downward, it presses the upper support plates 809, so that the upper support plates 809 drive the lower support plates 807 to move away from below the load-bearing plate 901.

[0062] The potatoes entering the material collecting box 9 fall on the material control plate 902. The material control spring 903 supports the material control plate 902. As the weight of the potatoes increases, the material control plate 902 gradually moves downward to approach the load-bearing plate 901. The material control spring 903 is compressed, and the material control plate 902 presses the upper support plates 809 into the sorting box 104. The upper support plates 809 drive the lower support plates 807 to move synchronously, and the load-bearing spring 808 is also compressed. When the potatoes reach a certain weight, the load-bearing plate 901 contacts the inclined surface on the lower support plate 807, and the material collecting box 9 and the load-bearing plate 901 move downward, thereby triggering the transmission assembly. The certain weight refers to the weight that can overcome the elastic force of the material control spring 903 and drive the material control plate 902 to press the upper support plates 809. When the weight of the potatoes decreases, the material control spring 903 pushes the material control plate 902 to reset upward. The load-bearing spring 808 pushes the upper support plates 809 and the lower support plates 807 to slide out of the sorting box 104, and the lower support plates 807 lift the load-bearing plate 901 and the material collecting box 9 upward.

[0063] As Figures 8-10As shown, the transmission assembly includes a drive spring 806, a control rod 904, a return spring 905, a pull rope 906, a guide wheel 907 and a control sleeve 908. The drive spring 806 is sleeved on the input shaft 801 and used to push the shaft sleeve 802 close to the drive shaft 803. The control rod 904 is slidably connected to the rear side of the sorting box 104 in the vertical direction. The return spring 905 is sleeved on the guide rod of the control rod 904. The control rod 904 is compressed when it slides downward. The two ends of the control rod 904 extend to the lower side of the bearing plate 901 on the same side. The control sleeve 908 is rotatably connected to the shaft sleeve 802 and cannot relatively move in the axial direction of the shaft sleeve 802. The pull rope 906 is connected between the control sleeve 908 and the control rod 904. The guide wheel 907 is rotatably connected to the rear support frame 8. The pull rope 906 passes the guide wheel 907 from the upper side.

[0064] When the sorting box 104 and the bearing plate 901 move downward, the control rod 904 is pressed downward. The control rod 904 compresses the return spring 905. The control rod 904 drives the control sleeve 908 away from the drive shaft 803 through the pull rope 906. The drive spring 806 is also compressed, so that the power is no longer transmitted to the drive shaft 803. When the collecting box 9 and the bearing plate 901 reset upward, the return spring 905 also pushes the control rod 904 to reset upward. The drive spring 806 pushes the shaft sleeve 802 close to the drive shaft 803, so that the drive shaft 803 can be inserted into the shaft sleeve 802 for power transmission, so as to continue to collect potatoes.

[0065] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 8 It also includes a transmission shaft 10, a transmission gear 11 and an outer pulley set 12 for driving the feeding belt 101. The transmission shaft 10 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the screening box 201. The transmission gear 11 is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission shaft 10. The transmission gear 11 is engaged with the driven gear 805. The other end of the transmission shaft 10 is drivingly connected to one of the rotating shafts of the feeding belt 101 through the outer pulley set 12. The outer pulley set 12 is composed of two single-groove pulleys and a transmission belt. One of the single-groove pulleys is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 10. The other single-groove pulley is fixedly connected to one of the rotating shafts of the feeding belt 101.

[0066] When the driven gear 805 rotates, it drives the feeding belt 101 to rotate through the transmission gear 11, the transmission shaft 10 and the outer pulley set 12, so as to convey the potatoes into the sorting box 104 through the feeding belt 101.

[0067] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Any equivalent changes made according to the content described in the claims of the present application shall be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An agricultural product harvesting device with sorting function, comprising a vehicle body (1), a feeding belt (101), a receiving plate (102), and a side plate (103), characterized in that, It also includes a sorting box (104), guide rods (105), a sorting shaft (106), sorting rods (107), and a guide plate (109). A receiving plate (102), a side plate (103), and a sorting box (104) are fixedly connected to the vehicle body (1). The receiving plate (102) is used to scoop up the potatoes. A feeding belt (101) is installed on the side plate (103) to transport the potatoes into the sorting box (104). Multiple equally spaced guide rods (105) are arranged inside the sorting box (104). One end of each guide rod (105) is inclined downwards. A sorting shaft (106) is rotatably connected inside the sorting box (104). Multiple sorting rods (107) are fixed at equal intervals on the sorting shaft (106). The sorting rods (107) are used to drag the potato vines down the guide rod (105). A guide plate (109) is fixed on the sorting box (104). The guide plate (109) is used to guide the potatoes falling into the sorting box (104) so ​​that the potatoes falling on the guide rod (105) will first flow towards the sorting rod (107). It also includes a cutting rod (108) for cutting the potato vines. The cutting rod (108) is fixed to the guide rod (105). The cutting rod (108) will cut the potato vines during the process of the sorting rod (107) dragging the potato vines under the guide rod (105). The tilt angles of multiple sorting rods (107) on the same sorting axis (106) gradually change; It also includes a screening mechanism for classifying potatoes according to their particle size. The screening mechanism is located on the upper side of the guide rod (105). The screening mechanism includes a side support (2), a screening box (201), a screening plate (202), a guide frame (203), and a lifting component. The side support (2) is fixed to the vehicle body (1). The screening box (201) is fixed to the side support (2). The screening plate (202) and the guide frame (203) are fixed to the screening box (201). Small-sized potatoes that fall down through the screening plate (202) will fall into the guide frame (203) and flow to one side of the vehicle body through the guide frame (203). Large-sized potatoes that do not fall down through the screening plate (202) will flow to the other side of the vehicle body. The lifting component is installed on the sorting box (104). The lifting component is used to transport the potatoes on the guide rod (105) upward into the screening box (201).

2. The agricultural product harvesting device with sorting function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting assembly includes a central support (3), a lifting cylinder (301), and a spiral blade (302). The central support (3) is fixedly connected to the sorting box (104), and the lifting cylinder (301) is fixedly connected to the central support (3). An opening communicating with the screening box (201) is provided on the upper side of the lifting cylinder (301). A spiral blade (302) for conveying potatoes upward is rotatably connected inside the lifting cylinder (301).

3. The agricultural product harvesting device with sorting function according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a collecting mechanism for gathering potatoes onto the spiral blade (302). The collecting mechanism is connected to the spiral blade (302). The collecting mechanism includes a lower gear (4), a reversing gear (401), an upper gear (402), a connecting rod (403), a receiving cylinder (404), a collecting plate (405), and an inner support plate (406). The lower gear (4) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the spiral blade (302). The inner support plate (406) is fixedly connected inside the sorting box (104). The reversing gear (401) is rotatably connected to the inner support plate (406). An upper gear (402) is rotatably connected to the shaft of the spiral blade (302). The reversing gear (401) meshes with both the lower gear (4) and the upper gear (402). A receiving cylinder (404) connected to the lifting cylinder (301) is fixed to the upper gear (402) via a connecting rod (403). The receiving cylinder (404) and the spiral blade (302) rotate in opposite directions. A collecting plate (405) is fixed to the receiving cylinder (404). The collecting plate (405) is used to gather the potatoes on the guide rod (105) into the receiving cylinder (404).

4. The agricultural product harvesting device with sorting function according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a shaking assembly for driving the guide rod (105) to shake. The shaking assembly is connected to the receiving cylinder (404). The shaking assembly includes a lifting block (5), a force ring (501) and a lifting plate (502). The lifting block (5) is fixed on the receiving cylinder (404). The force ring (501) is fixed on the guide rod (105). During the rotation of the receiving cylinder (404), the lifting block (5) will intermittently squeeze the force ring (501) upward. The lifting plate (502) is slidably connected on the sorting box (104). The guide rod (105) and the lifting plate (502) are fixedly connected.

5. The agricultural product harvesting device with sorting function according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a flipping assembly for driving the sorting shaft (106) to rotate. The flipping assembly is connected to the lifting plate (502). The flipping assembly includes a flipping gear (6), a flipping support rod (601), and a flipping rack (602). The flipping gear (6) is rotatably connected to the sorting shaft (106) through a one-way bearing. The flipping support rod (601) is fixedly connected to the lifting plate (502). The flipping rack (602) is fixedly connected to the flipping support rod (601). The flipping gear (6) and the flipping rack (602) mesh.

6. The agricultural product harvesting device with sorting function according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a crushing mechanism for crushing the potato vines that fall to the bottom of the guide rod (105). The crushing mechanism is connected to the spiral blade (302). The crushing mechanism includes a crushing bracket (7), a crushing wheel (701), an inner pulley group (702), and a feeding screen plate (703). Two crushing wheels (701) are rotatably connected in the sorting box (104) through the crushing bracket (7), and a crushing wheel (701) is also fixed on the rotating shaft of the spiral blade (302). The crushing wheel (701) is equipped with a blade for cutting the potato vines. A feeding screen plate (703) for screening the potato vines is fixed on the bottom of the lifting plate (502). The three crushing wheels (701) are connected by the inner pulley group (702).

7. The agricultural product harvesting device with sorting function according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a drive mechanism for driving the rotation of the helical blade (302). The drive mechanism is connected to the helical blade (302). The drive mechanism includes a rear support frame (8), an input shaft (801), a bushing (802), a drive shaft (803), a drive gear (804), and a driven gear (805). The rear support frame (8) is fixedly connected to the side bracket (2) located at the rear. The input shaft (801) and the drive shaft (803) are rotatably connected to the rear support frame (8). The input shaft (801) is used to connect to an external drive source. A bushing (802) is slidably connected to the input shaft (801) along the axial direction. The drive shaft (803) and the bushing (802) are splined together. A drive gear (804) is fixedly connected to the drive shaft (803). A driven gear (805) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the helical blade (302). The drive gear (804) and the driven gear (805) mesh together, and the transmission of power can be controlled by moving the bushing (802).

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