Novel sponge seedling raising equipment, processing mold and processing method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a set of novel sponge seedling raising equipment, a processing mold and a processing method thereof, in particular to the technical field of soilless culture. Seedling raising blocks are connected through discontinuous thin sponge layers and can be separated through hot melt cutting of electric stove wires and the like, the sponge seedling raising blocks are used in cooperation with hole trays, roots of seedlings do not wind around each other, the seedlings are easy to separate during transplanting, the roots are not damaged, and a rejuvenation period does not exist. The seedling raising tray has the functions of water storage, water level control, seedling raising block depth control and the like, the problems that a sponge material is not hydrophilic and is difficult to rewater after water loss, the water level of a common tray is difficult to control, roots are wound and the like can be solved, the seedling raising cost and the seedling raising technical difficulty are reduced, the seedling survival rate, uniformity and uniformity are improved, and mechanized, automatic and accurate processing of the seedling raising blocks can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soilless cultivation, and in particular to a set of novel sponge seedling raising equipment, a processing mould and a processing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Soilless cultivation of plants is one of the important methods of modern agricultural production. It has the advantages of adjustable water and fertilizer, no occupation of arable land, no pollution, high yield, good quality, and good working environment. Soilless cultivation includes two major categories: substrate cultivation and nutrient solution cultivation. Among them, nutrient solution cultivation can be divided into deep liquid cultivation and nutrient film technology (NFT). Nutrient solution cultivation also has the advantages of good air permeability, low water consumption, simple facility construction, and low investment cost. It is currently the main soilless cultivation form for leafy vegetables and other plants, and it is developing rapidly in China.

[0003] Vegetable soilless cultivation usually starts with seedling cultivation and then transplanting. The quality of seedlings has a great impact on the later growth, development, growth, yield and quality of plants. The traditional vegetable seedling cultivation process is slightly complicated, requires more labor, requires careful care during the seedling cultivation process, and has a high technical content. Seedling cultivation substrate Vegetable seedling cultivation substrates usually include conventional substrates mixed with peat vermiculite, rock wool, sponges, etc. These seedling cultivation substrates have their own advantages and disadvantages, such as conventional substrates with good physical and chemical properties, strong water holding capacity, can be mixed with base fertilizers, and cheap materials. However, conventional substrates are easy to spread, shed seriously, affect EC / pH, and clog pipes and drippers; rock wool is an inert material with stable physical and chemical properties, good water absorption, and fixed shape, but it is expensive and difficult to dispose of waste, and it is difficult to promote and apply it on a large scale in production; sponges have large water absorption, strong water holding capacity, stable physical and chemical properties, fixed shape, easy processing, and no shed, but sponges are not hydrophilic and it is difficult to replenish water after water loss.

[0004] As mentioned above, sponge seedling blocks have the advantages of large water absorption, strong water holding capacity, stable physical and chemical properties, fixed shape, easy processing, and no chipping. However, sponge blocks have the following disadvantages when used for vegetable seedlings:

[0005] 1. Generally, sponges are not hydrophilic and need to be squeezed by external force to passively absorb water. After the sponge loses water and becomes dry, it is difficult to replenish water and irrigate the seedlings by watering or sprinkler irrigation. The management and maintenance technology is difficult and labor-intensive.

[0006] 2. The sponge seedling blocks currently used in production are arranged in a grid shape, with discontinuous cuts between blocks, tightly connected, difficult to mechanize, and need to be torn apart manually to separate the plants;

[0007] 3. The sponge blocks are closely connected to each other. When the seedlings grow, the roots will cross and entangle. When they are divided and transplanted in the later stage, the roots are easily damaged, affecting the growth of the plants.

[0008] 4. There are no special seedling trays on the market, which affects the advantages of the sponge block and makes the existing disadvantages more prominent.

[0009] In view of these problems, the present invention provides a set of novel sponge seedling raising equipment, processing mold and processing method thereof, and proposes the following solutions:

[0010] 1. Design a new sponge seedling block, which has appropriate gaps between blocks but is partially adhered; the sponge block is very easy to tear by hand, and can also be cut in batches by hot melting with electric furnace wire; there is a groove at the bottom of the sponge block, which can be used with a special seedling tray to allow the surrounding of the sponge block to be immersed in nutrient solution to absorb and retain water. There is also a groove at the top of the sponge block, and when irrigating from the top, water or nutrient solution can be introduced from the cross opening into the interior of the sponge block and the water reservoir at the bottom.

[0011] 2. Design a special seedling tray for the above-mentioned sponge block. The seedling tray consists of multiple seedling holes, each of which can accommodate a sponge block. A water reservoir and drainage holes are provided at the bottom of the seedling hole. Each seedling hole is separated independently to prevent the roots of the seedlings from getting entangled; the water reservoir is used to keep the sponge block moist and prevent it from drying out; the drainage holes are used to control the water level and prevent waterlogging. Summary of the invention

[0012] (1) Technical solution

[0013] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a set of novel sponge seedling raising equipment, including a seedling raising tray and a seedling raising sheet used in conjunction with the seedling raising tray, the seedling raising sheet is composed of a plurality of seedling raising blocks made of sponges distributed and combined in a rectangular array, a gap is provided between each adjacent two seedling raising blocks and connected by a thin sponge strip, a top groove is provided on the top of the seedling raising block, a bottom groove is provided on the bottom of the seedling raising block, an opening is provided on the seedling raising block that runs through the top and bottom of the seedling raising block, the seedling raising tray is provided with a plurality of seedling holes that are the same size and number as the seedling raising blocks on the seedling raising sheet and are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, the seedling holes include a accommodating cavity located at the upper part for placing the seedling raising blocks and a water reservoir located at the lower part, the shape and size of the accommodating cavity are adapted to the seedling raising blocks, and a drainage pipe is provided vertically upward on the inner wall of the bottom of the water reservoir.

[0014] Preferably, the seedling raising block is a cuboid, a cube or a trapezoid.

[0015] Preferably, the top groove is a hemispherical groove or a funnel-shaped groove, and the bottom groove is a hemispherical groove, a funnel-shaped groove, a long strip groove or a cross-shaped groove.

[0016] Preferably, the opening is in a cross shape or a crisscross shape.

[0017] Preferably, the height of the drain pipe is higher than the height of the water reservoir and the upper end extends to the top of the bottom groove, and the height difference between the drain pipe and the water reservoir and the height difference between the bottom groove is less than 1 mm.

[0018] Preferably, the length and width of the water reservoir are correspondingly smaller than the length and width of the accommodating cavity.

[0019] Preferably, a processing mold for a new sponge seedling raising equipment is provided, wherein the processing mold is composed of a component A for accommodating a seedling raising piece, a component B1 for processing the grooves at the top and bottom of the seedling raising block, and a component B2 for processing the cross or M-shaped opening of the seedling raising block, wherein the component A is composed of 2 or more small holes, each of which has a circular hole at the bottom, and a notch is provided on the common side wall of each adjacent two small holes, the bottom surface of the component B1 has a protrusion corresponding to the circular hole at the bottom of the small hole, and the bottom surface of the component B2 has a cross or M-shaped tool.

[0020] Preferably, a method for processing a set of novel sponge seedling raising equipment using a processing mold comprises the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Seedling embryo processing

[0022] After the sponge is foamed and formed, it is cut with a precision CNC machine tool to form seedling embryos;

[0023] Step 2: Seedling block processing:

[0024] (1) Processing of top and bottom grooves of hemispherical or funnel-shaped

[0025] Part B1 is used in conjunction with Part A. When part B1 is pressed downward, most of the thin sponge strips between the seedling blocks are first cut off, and the remaining small thin sponge layer is still connected to the adjacent seedling blocks, and the seedling blocks still exist in pieces, forming a seedling piece intermediate product;

[0026] When component B1 continues to be pressed downward, the sponge at the bottom of the seedling block will extend out from the bottom circular hole of component A. At this time, a knife is used to cut along the bottom plane of component A to form a bottom groove of the seedling block. After the bottom groove is processed, the seedling piece is turned over and the above pressing and cutting are repeated to form a top groove.

[0027] (2) Long strip or cross-shaped bottom groove processing

[0028] When processing the seedling embryo, it is cut directly by precision CNC machine tools;

[0029] (3) Cross-shaped or M-shaped opening

[0030] Place component A with the seedling sheet intermediate product on a smooth flat plate, press down with component B2, and when the cutter of component B2 reaches the flat plate, the required incision is formed.

[0031] Preferably, in step 2, the size and depth of the groove at the bottom of the seedling raising block can be adjusted by controlling the pressing force, the bottom thickness and the diameter of the circular hole of component A, the height of the circular protrusion of component B1, etc.

[0032] Preferably, the processing order of the top groove, the bottom groove and the cross-shaped or cross-shaped opening in step 2 can be adjusted as needed.

[0033] (2) Beneficial effects

[0034] The present invention provides a set of novel sponge seedling raising equipment, processing mold and processing method thereof. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. The seedling blocks with gaps can be loaded into the plug tray at one time, saving labor and suitable for mechanized and automated operations.

[0036] 2. The seedling blocks are connected by a discontinuous thin sponge layer and can be separated by hot melting cutting using electric furnace wire, saving labor and being suitable for mechanized and automated operations.

[0037] 3. When the sponge seedling block is used in conjunction with the plug tray, the roots of the seedlings will not be entangled with each other, making it easy to separate the seedlings during transplantation without damaging the roots. There is no seedling acclimatization period, and it is suitable for mechanized and automated operations.

[0038] 4. The special seedling tray has the functions of storing water, controlling water level, and controlling the depth of the seedling block. It can overcome the problems of sponge materials being non-hydrophilic, difficulty in rehydrating after water loss, difficulty in controlling the water level of general trays, and root entanglement. It can reduce the cost of seedling cultivation and the difficulty of seedling cultivation technology, and improve the survival rate, uniformity, and neatness of seedlings.

[0039] 4. The seedling block processing mold and processing method can realize the mechanized and automated precision processing of the seedling block, and improve the neatness and uniformity of the seedling block and seedling growth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is a stereogram of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 It is a stereoscopic view of the seedling raising sheet and the seedling raising tray of the present invention when they are separated.

[0042] Figure 3 It is a stereoscopic view of the seedling raising block of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3-1 It is a three-dimensional diagram when the bottom groove of the seedling raising block of the present invention is in a strip shape or a cross shape.

[0044] Figure 3-2 It is a bottom view when the bottom groove of the seedling raising block of the present invention is in the shape of a strip or a cross.

[0045] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the seedling tray of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seedling hole of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional stereoscopic view of the seedling raising sheet of the present invention when combined with the seedling raising tray.

[0048] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seedling raising sheet embryo of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 7-1 The bottom view of the seedling raising sheet embryo after the cross-shaped bottom groove is processed in the present invention.

[0050] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the intermediate product of the seedling raising sheet of the present invention.

[0051] Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of component A of the present invention.

[0052] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of component B1 of the present invention.

[0053] Fig.11 It is a schematic structural diagram of component B2 of the present invention.

[0054] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seedling raising sheet during processing of the present invention.

[0055] The accompanying drawings are marked as: 1-seedling sheet, 11-seedling block, 111-top groove, 112-opening, 113-bottom groove, 12-thin sponge strip, 2-seedling tray, 21-seedling hole, 211-accommodating cavity, 212-water reservoir, 213-drainage pipe, 3-seedling sheet embryo, 4-seedling sheet intermediate product, 5-component A, 51-small hole, 511-round hole, 512-notch, 6-component B1, 61-protrusion, 7-component B2, 71-knife. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The present invention is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, the novel sponge seedling raising equipment of the present invention comprises a seedling raising tray 2 and a seedling raising sheet 1 used in conjunction with the seedling raising tray 2;

[0058] like Figure 2As shown, the seedling sheet 1 is composed of a plurality of seedling blocks 11 made of sponges distributed in a rectangular array, and a certain gap is set between each two adjacent seedling blocks 11 and connected by discontinuous thin sponge strips 12; with this design, the seedling block 11 does not need to be torn apart, and the whole piece can be placed in the corresponding seedling hole 21, thereby improving the efficiency of loading the seedling block 11; the seedling blocks 11 are connected by discontinuous thin sponge strips 12, which is convenient for cutting with hot melt equipment such as electric furnace wire when the seedling blocks 11 need to be separated (such as separation after sowing, transplanting, etc.), and it is also convenient to tear them apart manually; a top groove 111 is provided on the top of the seedling block 11, a bottom groove 113 is provided on the bottom of the seedling block 11, and an opening 112 is opened on the seedling block 11 that runs through the top and bottom of the seedling block 11;

[0059] like Figure 3 As shown, the seedling block 11 is a rectangular parallelepiped, a cube or a trapezoid, the top groove 111 is a hemispherical groove or a funnel-shaped groove, and the bottom groove 113 is a hemispherical groove, a funnel-shaped groove, a long groove or a cross-shaped groove. Figure 3-1 , Figure 3-2 As shown, the opening 112 is cross-shaped or cross-shaped; the top groove 111 collects water during irrigation and guides it to the inside of the seedling block 11 through the opening 112; the bottom groove 113 is used in conjunction with the special seedling tray 2 described below, so that the sponge around the bottom of the seedling block 11 can be immersed in the small hole water reservoir 212, so as to keep the seedling block 11 in a moist state for a long time; the middle cross or cross-shaped opening 112 is designed for special sowing machinery, which is the position of the seeds after sowing, and is also the channel for the seeds to germinate upward and take root downward;

[0060] like Figure 4 As shown, the seedling tray 2 is provided with a plurality of seedling holes 21 which are the same in size and number as the seedling blocks 11 on the seedling sheet 1 and are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The seedling holes 21 include a receiving cavity 211 located at the upper part for placing the seedling blocks 11 and a water reservoir 212 located at the lower part. The shape and size of the receiving cavity 211 are adapted to the seedling blocks 11 and are used to separate the seedlings; the lower part is a water reservoir, which supplies water and moisture to the seedling blocks to keep the seedlings in a moist state for a long time.

[0061] like Figure 5 As shown, the length and width of the water reservoir 212 are correspondingly smaller than the length and width of the accommodating chamber 211. The length and width of the water reservoir 212 are smaller than the upper half of the seedling hole 21 and the bottom of the seedling block 11, and its purpose is to block the seedling block 11 at this position, control the depth of the seedling block 11 in the seedling hole 21 (by using different sizes of the upper and lower parts of the seedling hole 21), and control the height of the seedling block 11 immersed in the liquid;

[0062] like Figure 6 As shown, a drain pipe 213 is vertically provided on the inner wall at the bottom of the water reservoir 212. The height of the drain pipe 213 is higher than the height of the water reservoir 212 and the upper end extends to the top of the bottom groove 113. A drainage hole is provided at the lower end of the drain pipe 213. The height difference between the drain pipe 213 and the water reservoir 212 and the height difference between the bottom groove 113 are less than 1mm. The drain pipe 213 is mainly used to control the water storage height of the seedling block 11 to avoid excessive waterlogging of the seedling block 11, which affects the germination and growth of seeds.

[0063] like Figure 9-11 , a processing mold for a new sponge seedling raising equipment, a processing mold is needed when processing the seedling raising piece 1, the processing mold is composed of a component A5 for accommodating the seedling raising piece 1, a component B16 for processing the grooves at the top and bottom of the seedling raising block 11, and a component B27 for processing the cross or M-shaped opening 112 of the seedling raising block 11, component A5 is a well-shaped mold and is composed of 2 or more small holes 51, each small hole 51 has a round hole 511 at the bottom, and a notch 512 is provided on the common side wall of each adjacent two small holes 51, the notch 512 can keep the thin sponge strip 12 from being cut during the processing, so that the seedling raising block 11 remains connected and maintains a sheet state; component A5 is mainly used to accommodate the seedling raising piece 1, to ensure that the seedling raising piece 1 is not deformed when further processed and squeezed up and down, to achieve precise processing, and at the same time serves as a mold for processing the grooves at the top and bottom of the seedling raising block 11;

[0064] The bottom surface of component B16 has a protrusion 61 corresponding to the bottom opening of the small hole 51 of component A5, which is used to process the top and bottom grooves of the seedling block 11; the bottom surface of component B27 is a cross or 'P' shaped cutter 71, which is used to process the cross or 'P' shaped opening 112 of the seedling block 11;

[0065] A method for processing a set of novel sponge seedling raising equipment using a processing mold comprises the following steps:

[0066] Step 1: Processing of seedling embryo 3

[0067] After the sponge is foamed and formed, it is cut by a precision CNC machine tool to form a seedling embryo 3, such as Figure 7 As shown;

[0068] Step 2: Processing of seedling block 11:

[0069] (1) Processing of top and bottom grooves of hemispherical or funnel-shaped

[0070] Component B16 is used in conjunction with component A5. When component B16 is squeezed downward, most of the thin sponge strips 12 between the seedling blocks 11 are first cut off, and the remaining small part of the thin sponge layer 12 is still connected to the adjacent seedling blocks 11, and the seedling blocks 11 still exist in pieces, forming a seedling piece intermediate product 4, such as Figure 8 As shown;

[0071] When component B16 continues to be squeezed downward, the sponge at the bottom of the seedling block 11 extends out from the bottom circular hole 511 of component A5. At this time, a knife is used to cut along the bottom plane of component A5 to form a bottom groove 113 of the seedling block 11. After the bottom groove 113 is processed, the seedling piece is turned over, and the above pressing and cutting are repeated to form a top groove 111. The size and depth of the bottom groove 113 of the seedling block 11 can be adjusted by controlling the pressing force, the bottom thickness of component A5 and the aperture of the circular hole 511, the height of the circular protrusion 61 of component B16, etc.

[0072] (2) Long strip or cross-shaped bottom groove processing

[0073] When processing seedling embryos, they are directly cut using precision CNC machine tools, such as Figure 7-1 shown.

[0074] (3) Cross-shaped or M-shaped opening

[0075] Place component A5 with the seedling sheet intermediate product 4 on a smooth flat plate and press it down with component B27. When the tool of component B27 reaches the flat plate, the required incision is formed. The processing order of the top groove 111, the bottom groove 113 and the cross or M-shaped opening 112 can be adjusted as needed.

[0076] The above-described embodiments only express the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. It should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art. Without departing from the purpose of the present invention, any improvement made shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A new sponge seedling raising equipment, characterized in that: The invention comprises a seedling raising tray (2) and a seedling raising sheet (1) used in conjunction with the seedling raising tray (2), wherein the seedling raising sheet (1) is composed of a plurality of seedling raising blocks (11) made of sponges and arranged in a rectangular array, a gap is provided between each two adjacent seedling raising blocks (11) and the blocks are connected by a thin sponge strip (12), a top groove (111) is provided on the top of the seedling raising block (11), a bottom groove (113) is provided on the bottom of the seedling raising block (11), and a groove (114) is provided on the seedling raising block (11) to penetrate the top of the seedling raising block (11). The seedling tray (2) has an opening (112) at the top and bottom, the seedling tray (2) is provided with a plurality of seedling holes (21) which are the same in size and number as the seedling blocks (11) on the seedling sheet (1) and are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, the seedling holes (21) comprising a receiving cavity (211) located at the top for accommodating the seedling blocks (11) and a water reservoir (212) located at the bottom, the shape and size of the receiving cavity (211) being compatible with the seedling blocks (11), and a drainage pipe (213) is provided vertically upward on the inner wall of the bottom of the water reservoir (212).

2. A set of novel sponge seedling raising equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedling raising block (11) is a rectangular parallelepiped, a cube or a trapezoid.

3. A set of novel sponge seedling raising equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top groove (111) is a hemispherical groove or a funnel-shaped groove, and the bottom groove (113) is a hemispherical groove, a funnel-shaped groove, a long strip groove or a cross-shaped groove.

4. A set of novel sponge seedling raising equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening (112) is in a cross shape or a cross shape.

5. A set of novel sponge seedling raising equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the drainage pipe (213) is higher than the height of the water reservoir (212), and the upper end extends to the top of the bottom groove (113), and the height difference between the drainage pipe (213) and the water reservoir (212) and the height difference between the bottom groove (113) are less than 1 mm.

6. A set of novel sponge seedling raising equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length and width of the water reservoir (212) are correspondingly smaller than the length and width of the accommodating cavity (211).

7. A processing mold for a set of novel sponge seedling raising equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The processing mold consists of a component A for accommodating the seedling piece, a component B1 for processing the grooves at the top and bottom of the seedling block, and a component B2 for processing the cross or 'P' shaped opening of the seedling block. The component A consists of two or more small holes, each of which has a circular hole at the bottom, and a notch is provided on the common side wall of each adjacent two small holes. The bottom surface of the component B1 has a protrusion corresponding to the circular hole at the bottom of the small hole, and the bottom surface of the component B2 is provided with a cross or 'P' shaped tool.

8. A method for processing a set of novel sponge seedling raising equipment using the processing mold according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Seedling embryo processing After the sponge is foamed and formed, it is cut with a precision CNC machine tool to form seedling embryos; Step 2: Seedling block processing: (1) Processing of top and bottom grooves of hemispherical or funnel-shaped Part B1 is used in conjunction with Part A. When part B1 is pressed downward, most of the thin sponge strips between the seedling blocks are first cut off, and the remaining small thin sponge layer is still connected to the adjacent seedling blocks, and the seedling blocks still exist in pieces, forming a seedling piece intermediate product; When component B1 continues to be pressed downward, the sponge at the bottom of the seedling block will extend out from the bottom circular hole of component A. At this time, a knife is used to cut along the bottom plane of component A to form a bottom groove of the seedling block. After the bottom groove is processed, the seedling piece is turned over and the above pressing and cutting are repeated to form a top groove. (2) Long strip or cross-shaped bottom groove processing When processing the seedling embryo, it is cut directly by precision CNC machine tools; (3) Cross-shaped or M-shaped opening Place component A with the seedling sheet intermediate product on a smooth flat plate, press down with component B2, and when the cutter of component B2 reaches the flat plate, the required incision is formed.

9. The processing method of a set of novel sponge seedling raising equipment according to claim 8 is characterized in that: In step 2, the size and depth of the groove at the bottom of the seedling raising block can be adjusted by controlling the pressing force, the bottom thickness and the diameter of the circular hole of component A, the height of the circular protrusion of component B1, etc.

10. The processing method of a set of novel sponge seedling raising equipment according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The processing order of the top groove, the bottom groove and the cross-shaped or cross-shaped opening in step 2 can be adjusted as needed.

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