Posterolateral tibial plateau fracture reduction guide device based on 3D printing

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and specifically to a posterior lateral tibial plateau fracture reduction guide device based on 3D printing, comprising a clamp body rotatably connected to a right clamp body, one end of a left clamp body and a right clamp body are fixedly connected to a clamp head, one side of the left clamp body is rotatably connected to a limiting rod, a surface of the limiting rod is evenly provided with limiting holes, one side of the right clamp body is fixedly connected to a limiting block, and the limiting block corresponds to the limiting hole, and also includes: a connecting mechanism respectively fixed to the left clamp body and the right clamp body, a positioning component is fixedly provided on the top of the connecting mechanism, and the positioning component is used to assist the clamp head. In this solution, a positioning component is provided, which cooperates with each other through structures such as a lead screw, a slider, and a screw, so that medical staff can temporarily fix the fracture through the reduction clamp, thereby reducing the burden of manual fixation on the medical staff. At the same time, the positioning position can be adjusted according to needs, thereby facilitating flexible positioning of the fracture, facilitating doctor operation, and facilitating subsequent rehabilitation of the patient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a 3D-printed posterolateral tibial plateau fracture reduction guide device. Background Art

[0002] The upper end of the tibia and the lower end of the femur form the knee joint, and the contact surface between the tibia and the lower end of the femur is the tibial plateau. The tibial plateau is an important load-bearing structure of the knee joint. Tibial plateau fractures are often caused by varus or valgus violence combined with axial violence. Car accidents are the main cause of tibial plateau fractures in young people; but in elderly patients with reduced bone mass, simple falls can also cause such fractures. The direction and magnitude of the violent combined force, the patient's age, the quality of the bones, and the flexion angle of the knee joint when hit determine the size of the fracture fragment, the location of the fracture, and the degree of displacement. Tibial plateau fractures are more common in clinical practice, while posterolateral tibial plateau fractures are relatively rare, accounting for about 7% to 10% of all tibial plateau fractures. Its fracture mechanism is valgus of the knee joint, and the axial force acts on the flexed or semi-flexed knee joint. The force of the lateral femoral condyle sheath acts directly on the posterolateral surface of the tibial plateau, resulting in collapse or split fractures, exposed fracture lines, and difficult fixation, making treatment difficult. The incidence of postoperative joint dysfunction is high. The knee joint, as the bone joint with the highest functional requirements and activity frequency in the human body, requires a high level of anatomical reduction techniques to restore the flatness of the PTPE joint surface, maintain the stability of internal fixation, and correct the force line.

[0003] Accurate reduction of posterolateral tibial plateau fractures is a difficult point in the treatment of tibial plateau fractures. Currently, when orthopedic surgeons perform surgical treatment on patients' fracture sites, it is relatively difficult to expose and reduce the fracture site, so reduction forceps or reduction guides are needed to reduce the fracture site.

[0004] After reduction, the fracture site needs to be temporarily fixed with a Kirschner wire. Since the existing reduction forceps can only perform a single reduction function, orthopedic surgeons need to use reduction forceps to manually press and fix the fracture site. This fixation method by orthopedic surgeons is not very strong. Since the reduction is maintained manually, it is easy to cause the reduction to be lost during Kirschner wire fixation, which in turn affects the patient's subsequent recovery. For this reason, we propose a 3D-printed posterolateral tibial plateau fracture reduction guide device. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a 3D-printed posterolateral tibial plateau fracture reduction guide device to solve the problem that the existing reduction device is not convenient for fixing the fracture site, thereby increasing the difficulty of surgery and affecting the patient's recovery.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The 3D-printed posterolateral tibial plateau fracture reduction guide device comprises a clamp body rotatably connected to a right clamp body, one end of the left clamp body and the right clamp body are fixedly connected to a clamp head, and also comprises: a connecting mechanism respectively fixed to the left clamp body and the right clamp body, a positioning component is fixed on the top of the connecting mechanism, and the positioning component is used to assist the clamp head.

[0008] Preferably, the connecting mechanism includes a connecting plate, and the two connecting plates are fixedly connected to the left clamp body and the right clamp body respectively. Through grooves are opened inside the two connecting plates, and connecting blocks are clamped in the two through grooves. The tops of the two connecting blocks are fixedly connected with connecting rods, and the tops of the connecting rods are fixedly connected to the positioning assembly.

[0009] Preferably, the two connecting blocks are symmetrically provided with grooves, the two grooves are symmetrically fixedly connected with return springs, the other ends of the two return springs are fixedly connected with limiting plates, the outsides of the two limiting plates are fixedly connected with clamping blocks, and the two connecting plates are provided with clamping holes corresponding to the clamping blocks.

[0010] Preferably, the outsides of the two connecting plates are rotatably connected with a turntable, the ends of the two turntables away from each other are fixedly connected with a compression spring, and the other ends of the plurality of compression springs are fixedly connected with a button.

[0011] Preferably, the interiors of the plurality of buttons are fixedly connected with a downward pressing rod, and the plurality of downward pressing rods pass through the clamping holes and are fixedly connected with a downward pressing sheet.

[0012] Preferably, the outsides of the plurality of turntables are fixedly connected with protrusions, one side of the plurality of protrusions is fixedly connected with fixing blocks, the insides of the plurality of fixing blocks are provided with arc holes corresponding to the protrusions, and the plurality of fixing blocks are fixedly connected to the connecting plate.

[0013] Preferably, the positioning assembly includes a fixing rod, and the ends of the two fixing rods that are away from each other are fixedly connected to a slideway, the insides of the two slideways are slidably connected to a slider, and the outsides of the two sliders are fixedly connected to a mounting shell.

[0014] Preferably, the inside of the two mounting shells are rotatably connected with a lead screw, the ends of the two lead screws away from each other are fixedly connected with a nut, the outside of the two lead screws are rotatably connected with a moving block, and the two moving blocks are slidably connected to the mounting shell.

[0015] Preferably, the outsides of the two moving blocks are fixedly connected with connecting balls, the two connecting balls penetrate and extend to the outside of the mounting shell, the outsides of the two connecting balls are fixedly connected with abutting rods, the ends of the two abutting rods away from the connecting balls are fixedly and detachably connected with round balls, and the insides of the two round balls are provided with positioning holes.

[0016] Preferably, one side of the left clamp body is rotatably connected to a limit rod, a surface of the limit rod is evenly provided with limit holes, one side of the right clamp body is fixedly connected to a limit block, and the limit block corresponds to the limit hole.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. This solution is provided with a positioning component, which cooperates with the lead screw, slider, screw and other structures to facilitate medical staff to temporarily fix the fracture through the reduction forceps, thereby reducing the burden of manual fixation on medical staff. At the same time, the positioning part can be adjusted according to needs, so as to facilitate flexible positioning of the fracture. At the same time, the Kirschner wire can accurately fix the fracture position through the positioning hole, which is convenient for doctors to operate and facilitates the subsequent rehabilitation of patients.

[0019] 2. This solution is provided with a connecting mechanism, through the cooperation of the connecting plate, the clamp, the groove reset spring and other structures, it is convenient for medical staff to quickly install the positioning component and the reset clamp together, which is convenient for doctors to perform surgical operations. At the same time, through the cooperation of the turntable, the fixing block and the arc hole and other structures, it is convenient to fix the connecting mechanism to prevent accidental touch, thereby increasing the stability of the connecting mechanism. At the same time, through the cooperation of the button, the compression spring and the lower pressure plate and other structures, it is convenient to quickly disassemble the connecting mechanism, so that after the operation, the reset clamp and the positioning component can be disinfected for secondary use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a partial schematic diagram of the connection mechanism of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the connection mechanism of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The corresponding schematic diagram is enlarged at A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a top view schematic diagram of the connection mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning component of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0028] In the accompanying drawings, the list of components represented by each reference numeral is as follows: 1. left clamp body; 2. right clamp body; 3. limit rod; 4. limit hole; 5. limit block; 6. clamp head; 7. connecting mechanism; 8. connecting plate; 9. through groove; 10. clamp hole; 11. connecting block; 12. groove; 13. reset spring; 14. limit plate; 15. clamp block; 16. button; 17. lower pressure rod; 18. compression spring; 19. turntable; 20. bump; 21. fixed block; 22. arc hole; 23. lower pressure plate; 24. connecting rod; 25. positioning assembly; 26. fixed rod; 27. slideway; 28. slider; 29. ​​mounting shell; 30. screw; 31. nut; 32. shift block; 33. connecting ball; 34. opposing rod; 35. ball; 36. positioning hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0030] Embodiment 1: Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, the posterolateral tibial plateau fracture reduction guide device based on 3D printing in the figure includes a left clamp body 1, which is rotatably connected to a right clamp body 2, and one end of the left clamp body 1 and the right clamp body 2 are fixedly connected to a clamp head 6, and the clamp head 6 is made of titanium alloy. One side of the left clamp body 1 is rotatably connected to a limit rod 3, and a limit hole 4 is evenly arranged on the surface of the limit rod 3. The limit holes 4 are evenly arranged along the shape of the limit rod 3, and one side of the right clamp body 2 is fixedly connected to a limit block 5, and the bottom of the limit block 5 is provided with a protrusion of the same size as the limit hole 4, which is convenient for limiting the reduction clamp, and the limit block 5 corresponds to the limit hole 4, and also includes: a connecting mechanism 7 respectively fixed on the left clamp body 1 and the right clamp body 2, the connecting mechanism 7 is convenient for quick connection, and a positioning component 25 is fixedly provided on the top of the connecting mechanism 7, and the positioning component 25 is convenient for temporary fixation of the fracture, and the positioning component 25 is used to assist the clamp head 6.

[0031] For further information, see Figure 2 The connecting mechanism 7 includes a connecting plate 8, and the two connecting plates 8 are fixedly connected to the left clamp body 1 and the right clamp body 2 respectively. A through groove 9 is opened inside the two connecting plates 8, and a connecting block 11 is clamped in the two through grooves 9. The through grooves 9 are convenient for providing a clamping space for the connecting block 11. The tops of the two connecting blocks 11 are fixedly connected with a connecting rod 24, and the connecting rod 24 is made of stainless steel. The top of the connecting rod 24 is fixedly connected to the positioning component 25. The positioning component 25 can be quickly installed and disassembled through the connecting mechanism 7, which is convenient for doctors to perform surgery and locate the fracture of patients.

[0032] For further information, please refer to Figure 3The inside of the two connecting blocks 11 are symmetrically provided with grooves 12, and the inside of the two grooves 12 are symmetrically fixedly connected with return springs 13. The other ends of the two return springs 13 are fixedly connected with limit plates 14. The limit plates 14 are located inside the grooves 12 and do not separate from the grooves 12. The outsides of the two limit plates 14 are fixedly connected with clamping blocks 15. Under the elastic action of the reset springs 13, it is convenient to accommodate the clamping blocks 15 in the inside of the grooves 12. The insides of the two connecting plates 8 are provided with clamping holes 10 corresponding to the clamping blocks 15. The clamping blocks 15 are clamped into the inside of the clamping holes 10 to achieve quick connection. The outsides of the two connecting plates 8 are rotatably connected with turntables 19, and the turntable 19 is made of stainless steel. The ends of the two turntables 19 that are away from each other are fixedly connected with compression springs 18, and the other ends of the multiple compression springs 18 are fixedly connected with buttons 16. The interiors of the multiple buttons 16 are fixedly connected with downward pressing rods 17, and the downward pressing rods 17 are slidably connected to the turntable 19. The multiple downward pressing rods 17 pass through the card hole 10 and are fixedly connected with downward pressing sheets 23. The principle of rapid disassembly here is: first, press the button 16, and the button 16 drives the downward pressing rod 17 and the downward pressing sheet 23 to squeeze the card block 15. Secondly, the card block 15 squeezes the limit plate 14 under the action of the lower pressing sheet 23, and the limit plate 14 squeezes the reset spring 13, so that the card block 15 is separated from the interior of the card hole 10, and the connecting block 11 can be quickly separated from the connecting plate 8.

[0033] In addition, it should be noted that the outside of multiple turntables 19 is fixedly connected with a protrusion 20, the protrusion 20 is cylindrical, and one side of multiple protrusions 20 is fixedly connected with a fixing block 21, and the inside of multiple fixing blocks 21 is provided with an arc hole 22 corresponding to the protrusion 20, and multiple fixing blocks 21 are fixedly connected to the connecting plate 8. By rotating the button 16, the pressing rod 17 and the compression spring 18 are driven to rotate, and then the turntable 19 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the protrusion 20 to be stuck in the inside of the arc hole 22, thereby preventing the button 16 from being touched accidentally, thereby increasing the stability of the connecting mechanism 7, thereby improving the safety of the device.

[0034] Embodiment 2: Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, this is a further description of the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the positioning assembly 25 includes a fixing rod 26. The ends of the two fixing rods 26 that are away from each other are fixedly connected to a slideway 27. The insides of the two slideways 27 are slidably connected to sliders 28. The sliders 28 have their own braking function. The outsides of the two sliders 28 are fixedly connected to a mounting shell 29, and the mounting shell 29 is made of titanium alloy.

[0035] Specifically, the inside of the two mounting shells 29 are both rotatably connected to the lead screws 30, and the ends of the two lead screws 30 that are away from each other are fixedly connected to the nuts 31, which facilitate driving the lead screws 30 to rotate. The outside of the two lead screws 30 are both rotatably connected to the shifting blocks 32, and the two shifting blocks 32 are both slidably connected to the mounting shells 29. The mounting shells 29 can limit the shifting blocks 32 to ensure their horizontal movement.

[0036] Furthermore, the outsides of the two shift blocks 32 are fixedly connected with connecting balls 33, and the outside of the mounting shell 29 is provided with a hole for the connecting balls 33 to pass through. The two connecting balls 33 penetrate and extend to the outside of the mounting shell 29, and the outsides of the two connecting balls 33 are fixedly connected with abutment rods 34. The ends of the two abutment rods 34 away from the connecting balls 33 are detachably connected with round balls 35, and the round balls 35 can be removed and replaced with new ones as needed. Positioning holes 36 are provided inside the two round balls 35, which facilitate accurate positioning of the Kirschner wire, thereby facilitating reduction and fixation of the fracture.

[0037] To sum up, when using this device, first use the left clamp body 1 and the right clamp body 2 to pry and reset the patient's fracture through the clamp head 6, then rotate the limit rod 3 to make the limit block 5 engage with the limit hole 4 to limit the reduction clamp. At the same time, the connecting block 11 is inserted into the interior of the connecting plate 8, and the clamping block 15 is inserted into the clamping hole 10. Then, turn the button 16 to make the protrusion 20 insert into the arc hole 22 inside the fixing block 21, so that the positioning assembly 25 is quickly connected to the reduction clamp, and then the mounting shell 29 is moved up and down to the appropriate position according to the surgical situation. Then, the nut 31 is rotated, and the nut 31 drives the screw 30 to rotate, and then drives the moving block 32 to move, thereby driving the connecting ball 33 and the abutting rod 34 and the round ball 35 to fix the fracture. At the same time, the fracture position is accurately located through the positioning hole 36, so that the Kirschner wire can be accurately positioned.

[0038] It is to be understood that the present invention is described by some embodiments, and it is known to those skilled in the art that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 3D-printed guide plate device for reduction of a posterior lateral tibial plateau fracture, comprising a left clamp body (1), wherein the left clamp body (1) is rotatably connected to a right clamp body (2), and one end of each of the left clamp body (1) and the right clamp body (2) is fixedly connected to a clamp head (6). It is characterized in that Also includes: A connecting mechanism (7) is respectively fixed on the left pliers body (1) and the right pliers body (2), and a positioning component (25) is fixed on the top of the connecting mechanism (7), and the positioning component (25) is used to assist the pliers head (6).

2. The 3D-printed posterolateral tibial plateau fracture reduction guide device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting mechanism (7) comprises a connecting plate (8), wherein the two connecting plates (8) are fixedly connected to the left caliper body (1) and the right caliper body (2) respectively, and the two connecting plates (8) are provided with through grooves (9) inside, and the two through grooves (9) are clamped with connecting blocks (11), and the tops of the two connecting blocks (11) are fixedly connected with connecting rods (24), and the tops of the connecting rods (24) are fixedly connected to the positioning assembly (25).

3. The 3D-printed posterolateral tibial plateau fracture reduction guide device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two connecting blocks (11) are symmetrically provided with grooves (12) inside, the two grooves (12) are symmetrically fixedly connected with reset springs (13) inside, the other ends of the two reset springs (13) are fixedly connected with limit plates (14), the outsides of the two limit plates (14) are fixedly connected with clamping blocks (15), and the insides of the two connecting plates (8) are provided with clamping holes (10) corresponding to the clamping blocks (15).

4. The 3D-printed posterolateral tibial plateau fracture reduction guide device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outsides of the two connecting plates (8) are rotatably connected to a turntable (19), one end of the two turntables (19) away from each other is fixedly connected to a compression spring (18), and the other ends of the plurality of compression springs (18) are fixedly connected to a button (16).

5. The 3D-printed posterolateral tibial plateau fracture reduction guide device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of buttons (16) are fixedly connected inside with a downward pressing rod (17), and a plurality of downward pressing rods (17) pass through the clamping hole (10) and are fixedly connected with a downward pressing sheet (23).

6. The 3D-printed posterolateral tibial plateau fracture reduction guide device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The exteriors of the plurality of rotating disks (19) are all fixedly connected with protrusions (20), one side of the plurality of protrusions (20) is all fixedly connected with fixing blocks (21), the interiors of the plurality of fixing blocks (21) are all provided with arc-shaped holes (22) corresponding to the protrusions (20), and the plurality of fixing blocks (21) are all fixedly connected with the connecting plate (8).

7. The 3D-printed posterolateral tibial plateau fracture reduction guide device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The positioning assembly (25) comprises a fixing rod (26), the ends of the two fixing rods (26) being away from each other are fixedly connected to a slideway (27), the interiors of the two slideways (27) are slidably connected to a slider (28), and the exteriors of the two sliders (28) are fixedly connected to a mounting shell (29).

8. The 3D-printed posterolateral tibial plateau fracture reduction guide device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The insides of the two mounting shells (29) are both rotatably connected with lead screws (30), the ends of the two lead screws (30) that are away from each other are both fixedly connected with nuts (31), the outsides of the two lead screws (30) are both rotatably connected with shifting blocks (32), and the two shifting blocks (32) are both slidably connected to the mounting shells (29).

9. The 3D-printed posterolateral tibial plateau fracture reduction guide device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The exteriors of the two shift blocks (32) are fixedly connected with connecting balls (33), the two connecting balls (33) penetrate through and extend to the exterior of the mounting shell (29), the exteriors of the two connecting balls (33) are fixedly connected with abutting rods (34), the ends of the two abutting rods (34) away from the connecting balls (33) are detachably connected with round balls (35), and the interiors of the two round balls (35) are provided with positioning holes (36).

10. The 3D-printed posterolateral tibial plateau fracture reduction guide device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the left clamp body (1) is rotatably connected to a limit rod (3), and a limit hole (4) is evenly arranged on the surface of the limit rod (3); one side of the right clamp body (2) is fixedly connected to a limit block (5), and the limit block (5) corresponds to the limit hole (4).

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