A method for efficiently converting coal-based solid waste into high-performance adsorption materials
Through a series of chemical and physical treatment steps, coal-based solid waste is converted into high-performance adsorbent materials, solving the problem of unenvironmental protection of coal-based solid waste treatment and realizing resource utilization and environmental benefits.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411743417.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-04
AI Technical Summary
The treatment methods of coal-based solid waste are traditional and not environmentally friendly, resulting in environmental pollution and waste of resources, and lack of efficient conversion technology to achieve resource utilization.
Coal-based solid waste is converted into high-performance adsorbent materials through a series of chemical and physical treatment steps, including raw material pretreatment, chemical extraction, filtration and washing, drying and calcining, material synthesis, electrospinning, high-temperature cauterization and reduction treatment.
It has achieved efficient conversion of coal-based solid waste into high-performance adsorbent materials, reduced environmental pollution, saved land resources, and promoted the development of circular economy, with significant environmental and economic benefits.
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of waste utilization, and in particular to a method for preparing high-performance adsorption materials through efficient conversion of coal-based solid waste. Background Art
[0002] Coal-based solid waste, mainly including fly ash and coal gangue, is a large amount of waste generated during the combustion and processing of coal. Coal-based solid waste not only occupies precious land resources, but also may cause serious pollution to the environment.
[0003] Traditional treatment methods for coal-based solid waste, such as landfill and stacking, not only waste a lot of resources, but may also cause soil and water pollution. With the increasing awareness of environmental protection and the growing demand for resource recycling, it is particularly important to develop an efficient and environmentally friendly coal-based solid waste conversion technology.
[0004] High-performance adsorption materials have a wide range of uses, especially in the fields of wastewater treatment and gas purification. These materials can remove heavy metals and other harmful pollutants in wastewater through physical adsorption, providing a more environmentally friendly and sustainable wastewater treatment method. Converting coal-based solid waste into adsorption materials can effectively reduce environmental pollution, save land resources, realize waste resource utilization, promote circular economy, and have significant environmental and economic benefits. Summary of the invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently converting coal-based solid waste into high-performance adsorption materials. The method converts coal-based solid waste into materials with high adsorption performance through a series of chemical and physical treatment steps, which can be used in the fields of gas purification, water treatment, etc. In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions provided by the present invention are as follows:
[0006] A method for efficiently converting coal-based solid waste into high-performance adsorption materials comprises the following steps:
[0007] S1. Raw material pretreatment
[0008] The fly ash is crushed and sieved to obtain fine powder;
[0009] S2. Chemical extraction
[0010] Mix the fine powder with sodium hydroxide solution, heat and stir to dissolve the silicon dioxide;
[0011] S3. Filtration and washing
[0012] The reaction mixture was filtered, and the filter residue was washed with deionized water to remove the residual alkali;
[0013] S4. Drying and calcination
[0014] The washed filter residue is dried and calcined to obtain silicon dioxide nanoparticles;
[0015] S5. Material Synthesis
[0016] The silica nanoparticles are mixed with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) to form a spinning solution;
[0017] S6. Electrospinning
[0018] Electrospinning was performed using a high voltage power supply and an aluminum foil receiver to form silica / polyacrylonitrile composite nanofibers;
[0019] S7. High temperature burning
[0020] The organic matter in the fiber membrane is removed by high temperature burning to obtain silica fiber;
[0021] S8. Reduction process
[0022] The silicon dioxide fiber is reduced by using metal magnesium or activated carbon to obtain an active silicon adsorption material.
[0023] As an improvement, in the step S2, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 5-10%, the heating temperature is 60-80° C., and the stirring time is 1-2 h.
[0024] As an improvement, in the step S4, the calcination temperature is 800-900°C.
[0025] As an improvement, in the step S5, the ratio of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) to N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) is 1:1 to 1:3.
[0026] As an improvement, in the step S8, the amount of metallic magnesium or activated carbon used is 5-15% of the fiber weight.
[0027] As an improvement, the particle size of the fine powder in step S1 is less than 200 mesh.
[0028] The present invention has the advantages that:
[0029] 1. The present invention effectively reduces the environmental pollution caused by coal-based solid waste by converting it into high-performance adsorption materials, and realizes the resource utilization of waste. The present invention not only reduces the soil and water pollution risks caused by landfill and stacking, but also saves a lot of land resources. In addition, by converting these wastes into valuable materials, it promotes the development of the circular economy and makes positive contributions to environmental protection and sustainable development.
[0030] 2. The high-performance adsorption material prepared by the present invention has high adsorption capacity and fast adsorption rate, and can be widely used in the fields of industrial waste gas treatment and water purification, with significant economic benefits. Low-cost coal-based solid waste is used as raw material, which reduces the production cost and makes the adsorption material competitive in the market. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally shown here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0032] Example 1
[0033] This embodiment discloses a method for efficiently converting coal-based solid waste into high-performance adsorption materials, comprising the following steps:
[0034] The fly ash is crushed and sieved to obtain a fine powder with a particle size of less than 200 mesh. The fine powder is mixed with an 8% sodium hydroxide solution, heated to 70°C, and stirred for 2 hours to dissolve the silica. The reaction mixture is filtered, and the filter residue is washed with deionized water to remove the residual alkali. The washed filter residue is dried and then calcined at 850°C for 2 hours to obtain silica nanoparticles. The silica nanoparticles are mixed with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) to form a spinning solution. Electrospinning is performed using a 15kV high-voltage power supply and an aluminum foil receiver to form silica / polyacrylonitrile composite nanofibers. The organic matter in the fiber membrane is removed by high-temperature calcination to obtain silica fibers. The silica fibers are reduced using 10% metallic magnesium to obtain active silicon adsorption materials.
[0035] Example 2
[0036] This embodiment discloses a method for efficiently converting coal-based solid waste into high-performance adsorption materials, comprising the following steps:
[0037] The fly ash was crushed and sieved to obtain a fine powder with a particle size of less than 200 mesh. The fine powder was mixed with a 6% sodium hydroxide solution, heated to 75°C, and stirred for 1.5 hours to dissolve the silica. The reaction mixture was filtered, and the filter residue was washed with deionized water to remove the residual alkali. The washed filter residue was dried and then calcined at 900°C for 2 hours to obtain silica nanoparticles. The silica nanoparticles were mixed with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) to form a spinning solution. Electrospinning was performed using a 12kV high-voltage power supply and an aluminum foil receiver to form silica / polyacrylonitrile composite nanofibers. Organic matter in the fiber membrane was removed by high-temperature calcination to obtain silica fibers. The silica fibers were reduced using 8% activated carbon to obtain an active silicon adsorption material.
[0038] Example 3
[0039] This embodiment discloses a method for efficiently converting coal-based solid waste into high-performance adsorption materials, comprising the following steps:
[0040] The fly ash was crushed and sieved to obtain a fine powder with a particle size of less than 200 mesh. The fine powder was mixed with a 9% sodium hydroxide solution, heated to 65°C, and stirred for 2.5 hours to dissolve the silica. The reaction mixture was filtered, and the filter residue was washed with deionized water to remove the residual alkali. The washed filter residue was dried and then calcined at 950°C for 2 hours to obtain silica nanoparticles. The silica nanoparticles were mixed with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) to form a spinning solution. Electrospinning was performed using an 18kV high-voltage power supply and an aluminum foil receiver to form silica / polyacrylonitrile composite nanofibers. Organic matter in the fiber membrane was removed by high-temperature calcination to obtain silica fibers. The silica fibers were reduced using 12% metallic magnesium to obtain active silicon adsorption materials.
[0041] Example 4
[0042] This embodiment discloses a method for efficiently converting coal-based solid waste into high-performance adsorption materials, comprising the following steps:
[0043] The fly ash was crushed and sieved to obtain a fine powder with a particle size of less than 200 mesh. The fine powder was mixed with a 9% sodium hydroxide solution, heated to 65°C, and stirred for 2.5 hours to dissolve the silica. The reaction mixture was filtered, and the filter residue was washed with deionized water to remove the residual alkali. The washed filter residue was dried and then calcined at 950°C for 2 hours to obtain silica nanoparticles. The silica nanoparticles were mixed with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) to form a spinning solution. Electrospinning was performed using an 18kV high-voltage power supply and an aluminum foil receiver to form silica / polyacrylonitrile composite nanofibers. Organic matter in the fiber membrane was removed by high-temperature calcination to obtain silica fibers. The silica fibers were reduced using 12% metallic magnesium to obtain active silicon adsorption materials.
[0044] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for efficiently converting coal-based solid waste into high-performance adsorption materials, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Raw material pretreatment The fly ash is crushed and sieved to obtain fine powder; S2. Chemical extraction Mix the fine powder with sodium hydroxide solution, heat and stir to dissolve the silicon dioxide; S3. Filtration and washing The reaction mixture was filtered, and the filter residue was washed with deionized water to remove the residual alkali; S4. Drying and calcination The washed filter residue is dried and calcined to obtain silicon dioxide nanoparticles; S5. Material Synthesis The silica nanoparticles are mixed with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) to form a spinning solution; S6. Electrospinning Electrospinning was performed using a high voltage power supply and an aluminum foil receiver to form silica / polyacrylonitrile composite nanofibers; S7. High temperature burning The organic matter in the fiber membrane is removed by high temperature burning to obtain silica fiber; S8. Reduction process The silicon dioxide fiber is reduced by using metal magnesium or activated carbon to obtain an active silicon adsorption material.
2. The method for preparing high-performance adsorption materials by efficient conversion of coal-based solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S2, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 5-10%, the heating temperature is 60-80° C., and the stirring time is 1-2 h.
3. The method for preparing high-performance adsorption materials by efficient conversion of coal-based solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S4, the calcination temperature is 800-900°C.
4. The method for preparing high-performance adsorption materials by efficient conversion of coal-based solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S5, the ratio of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) to N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) is 1:1 to 1:
3.
5. The method for preparing high-performance adsorption materials by efficient conversion of coal-based solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S8, the amount of metal magnesium or activated carbon used is 5-15% of the fiber weight.
6. The method for preparing high-performance adsorption materials by efficiently converting coal-based solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the fine powder in step S1 is less than 200 mesh.