A batch gear processing and grinding method, gear grinding machine and machine tool numerical control system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a batch gear processing and grinding method, a gear grinding machine and a machine tool numerical control system. The present invention uses the first gear processed by the gear grinding machine to determine the processing benchmark of the batch gears, and determines the grinding allowance of the gears by detecting the arc length of the tooth top of the subsequent gears. The grinding process can be adjusted according to the grinding allowance. When the gear grinding allowance is small, the number of grinding passes can be reduced. When the allowance is large, the grinding pass is increased. When the grinding allowance is normal, the processing is performed according to the preset process parameters. Thus, each grinding process is controlled to ensure the processing quality of the gears, improve the processing efficiency of the gears, and realize the adjustment of the number of passes according to the changes in the gear grinding allowance, thereby improving the processing efficiency and ensuring the processing quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of gear processing, and in particular to a batch gear processing grinding method, a gear grinding machine and a machine tool numerical control system. Background Art

[0002] Worm wheel gear grinders have the characteristics of high precision, high efficiency and low cost in mass production. Gear tooth surface accuracy is an important parameter that affects the gear transmission efficiency. In the actual production and processing process, in the existing worm wheel gear grinder batch grinding process, the grinding process parameters are set and fixed. The gears that need to be ground by the gear grinder are generally rough-milled and heat-treated, and the deformation of heat treatment is random and uncontrollable, which may cause the size of the gears during grinding to be inconsistent. When the gear allowance is too large, the same grinding process will often cause the gear processing quality to decline. When the gear allowance is too small, the same grinding process will cause a waste of production cycles. Conventional processing technology cannot be adjusted accordingly according to the change in gear processing allowance, which will affect the processing efficiency of the gear. Summary of the invention

[0003] Technical purpose: In view of the shortcomings of existing gear grinding machines when performing batch gear processing, the present invention discloses a batch gear processing grinding method, a gear grinding machine, and a machine tool numerical control system.

[0004] Technical solution: To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A batch gear machining and grinding method comprises the steps of: S01. According to the gear processing requirements, the grinding process parameters are preset, wherein the grinding process parameters include the number of grinding passes and the feed parameters of each grinding pass. The first gear is first ground by a gear grinding machine, and the tooth top arc length of the first gear is obtained as the target processing arc length. S02, remove the first gear and install the subsequent gear to be processed. Before processing the gear, first detect the tooth top arc length of the gear to be processed, and confirm the grinding allowance of the gear to be processed by the difference between the tooth top arc length of the gear to be processed and the target processing arc length; S03, comparing the grinding allowance with a preset gear grinding machine machining allowance threshold, and increasing or decreasing the number of grinding passes according to the comparison result.

[0005] Preferably, in steps S01 and S02 of the present invention, the process of detecting the tooth top arc length of the corresponding gear includes: driving the gear to rotate by the workpiece shaft of the gear, and during the rotation, detecting the rising edge and falling edge positions of the gear during the gear alignment process by the AM non-contact gear alignment sensor, obtaining the central angle corresponding to the tooth top arc length, and calculating the corresponding tooth top arc length according to the tooth top circle diameter of the gear.

[0006] Preferably, the tooth addendum arc length of the gear to be processed in the present invention is an average value of the tooth addendum arc lengths of all the gear teeth to be processed.

[0007] Preferably, in step S03 of the present invention, the process of increasing or decreasing the number of grinding passes according to the comparison result includes: the preset gear grinding machine machining allowance threshold includes a grinding allowance threshold for increasing a pass and a grinding allowance threshold for decreasing a pass; when the grinding allowance is greater than the set grinding allowance threshold for increasing a pass, a grinding pass is added on the basis of the original number of grinding passes, and the difference between the grinding allowance and the threshold and the sum of the original first grinding pass feed are used as the total feed of the first two grinding passes and are equally divided into two grinding passes, that is, the first grinding pass in the original grinding process is changed into two grinding passes, and the subsequent grinding pass process remains unchanged, thereby realizing the addition of one grinding pass; When the grinding allowance is less than the set grinding allowance threshold for reducing one pass, the first cut of the preset grinding pass is directly skipped to reduce one grinding pass; when the grinding allowance is between the set grinding allowance threshold for increasing one pass and the grinding allowance threshold for reducing one pass, it indicates that the machining allowance is a normal value and machining is performed according to the preset number of grinding passes.

[0008] Preferably, when comparing the grinding allowance with the processing threshold value set by the gear grinding machine, the present invention converts the grinding allowance and the difference in the tooth top arc length, establishes a theoretical relationship between the tooth top arc length and the increase or decrease in the number of grinding passes, and when performing batch processing of gears, the number of grinding passes is increased or decreased directly by the difference between the detected tooth top arc length of the gear to be processed and the target tooth top arc length.

[0009] The present invention also discloses a gear grinding machine, comprising a grinding wheel for grinding gears. An AM non-contact gear alignment sensor is arranged on one side of the grinding wheel for detecting the tooth top arc length of the gear when the gear and the grinding wheel are aligned and confirming the grinding allowance of the gear. The gear grinding machine controls the grinding wheel to grind batches of gears according to the tooth top arc length result of the gear to be processed detected by the AM non-contact gear alignment sensor according to the above-mentioned grinding method.

[0010] The invention discloses a machine tool numerical control system, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and operable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the above-mentioned batch gear machining and grinding method is realized.

[0011] Beneficial effects: The batch gear grinding method, gear grinding machine and machine tool numerical control system disclosed in the present invention have the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention uses the first gear processed by the gear grinding machine to determine the processing benchmark of batch gears, and determines the grinding allowance of the gear by detecting the arc length of the tooth top of the subsequent gear. The number of grinding times can be adjusted according to the grinding allowance, so as to control the grinding amount each time, ensure the processing quality of the gear, and when the gear grinding allowance is small, the number of grinding passes can be reduced, the processing efficiency of the gear can be improved, and the adjustment of the processing parameters can be realized according to the change of the gear grinding allowance.

[0012] 2. The present invention uses an AM non-contact gear alignment sensor to detect the arc length of the gear tooth top to determine the grinding allowance. The detection can be completed during the gear and grinding wheel gear alignment process without adding additional processing time.

[0013] 3. The processing volume threshold of the gear grinding machine of the present invention can be set by itself, with a high degree of freedom, and can be set by itself according to gear processing requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below.

[0015] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the tooth top arc length detection process of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a gear grinding process performed by the grinding wheel of the present invention; Among them, 1-grinding wheel, 2-gear, 3-AM non-contact gear alignment sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present disclosure, one or more examples of which are set forth herein below. Each embodiment and example is provided by way of explanation of the apparatus, composition and materials of the present disclosure, rather than limitation. On the contrary, the following description provides a convenient illustration of an exemplary embodiment for implementing the present disclosure. In fact, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made in the teachings of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the present disclosure.

[0017] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention discloses a batch gear processing and grinding method, comprising the steps of: S01. According to the gear processing requirements, preset grinding process parameters, including the number of grinding passes and the feed parameters of each grinding pass, firstly grind the first gear through a gear grinding machine, and obtain the tooth top arc length of the first gear as the target processing arc length; The preset grinding process includes the number of grinding passes and the feed parameters of each grinding pass to ensure that during the gear grinding process, the processing is carried out according to the feed parameters of each grinding to avoid excessive single processing volume affecting the processing quality of the gear.

[0018] S02, remove the first gear and install the subsequent gear to be processed. Before processing the gear, first detect the tooth top arc length of the gear to be processed, and confirm the grinding allowance of the gear to be processed by the difference between the tooth top arc length of the gear to be processed and the target processing arc length; In steps S01 and S02 of the present invention, the tooth top arc length detection process of the corresponding gear includes: driving the gear to rotate through the workpiece shaft of the gear, and during the rotation process, detecting the rising edge and falling edge positions of the gear during the gear alignment process through the AM non-contact gear alignment sensor, obtaining the central angle corresponding to the tooth top arc length, and calculating the corresponding tooth top arc length according to the tooth top circle diameter of the gear.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, when the gear rotates clockwise, its gear teeth pass through the detection area of ​​the AM non-contact gear alignment sensor, the right side of the gear teeth is a rising edge and the left side is a falling edge. At the rising edge, the signal of the AM non-contact gear alignment sensor changes from 0 to 1, and at the falling edge, the signal of the AM non-contact gear alignment sensor changes from 1 to 0. At the moment of signal change, the coordinate value of the rotation angle of the workpiece axis of the gear is recorded, so that the gear center angle corresponding to the arc length of the tooth top can be obtained, and then according to the tooth top circle diameter Calculate the arc length of the tooth addendum.

[0020] For the first gear to be processed, the gear teeth have the same size after processing, and only the arc length of the tooth top of a single gear tooth needs to be tested. , L0 is the target processing arc length, It is the center angle corresponding to the arc length of the first gear tooth top.

[0021] For the subsequent gears to be processed, due to the deviation in the structure of the gear teeth, it is necessary to collect the tooth top arc lengths of all gear teeth and take the average value when determining their tooth top arc lengths; the tooth top arc length La of the gear to be processed is (L1+L2+L3+......+Lz) / z; z is the number of gear teeth, and L1, L2, L3...Lz are the tooth top arc lengths of each gear tooth respectively.

[0022] Then the difference in the arc length of the tooth top is L=La-L0.

[0023] S03, comparing the grinding allowance of the gear to be processed with a preset grinding machine processing amount threshold, and increasing or decreasing the number of grinding passes according to the comparison result.

[0024] The preset machining thresholds of the gear grinding machine include a grinding allowance threshold for increasing a cutting pass and a grinding allowance threshold for decreasing a cutting pass.

[0025] The grinding allowance and the difference in tooth top arc length are converted to establish a theoretical relationship between the tooth top arc length and the increase or decrease in the number of grinding passes. When batch processing of gears is performed, the number of grinding passes is increased or decreased directly by the difference between the detected tooth top arc length of the gear to be processed and the target tooth top arc length. In an embodiment of the present invention, the grinding allowance of the gear is directly approximated to be equivalent to L, and the grinding allowance is compared with the preset processing threshold of the gear grinding machine, thereby adjusting the number of gear grinding processes.

[0026] The process of increasing or decreasing the number of grinding passes according to the comparison result of the present invention comprises: when the grinding allowance is greater than the set grinding allowance threshold for increasing one pass, one grinding pass is increased on the basis of the original number of grinding passes, and the difference between the grinding allowance and the threshold and the sum of the original first grinding pass feed are used as the total feed of the first two grinding passes and divided equally into two grinding passes, that is, the first grinding pass in the original grinding process is changed into two grinding passes, and the subsequent grinding pass process remains unchanged, thereby realizing the increase of one grinding pass; When the grinding allowance is less than the set grinding allowance threshold for reducing one pass, the first pass of the preset grinding pass is directly skipped to reduce one grinding pass; When the grinding allowance is between the set grinding allowance threshold for adding one pass and the grinding allowance threshold for reducing one pass, it indicates that the machining allowance is a normal value and machining is performed according to the preset number of grinding passes.

[0027] Based on the usage scenarios of the present invention, the gears entering the gear grinding machine will first undergo rough hobbing and heat treatment. Therefore, the deviation of the gear grinding allowance is within a controllable range, and there will be no situation where the gear grinding allowance deviates greatly from the preset grinding allowance threshold. For other gear processing scenarios expanded based on the scheme of the present invention, if the deviation between the gear grinding allowance and the corresponding grinding allowance threshold causes its corresponding radial feed amount to exceed the feed parameter of each grinding pass, the number of gear grinding times to be increased or decreased can be controlled based on the scheme of the present invention to achieve control of the single grinding feed amount.

[0028] The present invention also discloses a gear grinding machine, comprising a grinding wheel for grinding gears. An AM non-contact gear alignment sensor is arranged on one side of the grinding wheel for detecting the tooth top arc length of the gear when the gear and the grinding wheel are aligned and confirming the grinding allowance of the gear. The gear grinding machine controls the grinding wheel to grind batches of gears according to the tooth top arc length result of the gear to be processed detected by the AM non-contact gear alignment sensor according to the above-mentioned grinding method.

[0029] like Figure 2As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, a gear processing process with a preset grinding pass number of three times is provided. Along the left and right directions shown in the figure, the direction in which the grinding wheel and the gear are close to each other is the radial feeding method, and the up and down directions shown in the figure, which are parallel to the gear axis direction, are the axial feeding directions during gear processing. When determining the number of grinding passes, radial feeding is first performed to reduce the distance between the grinding wheel and the gear, and then the axial feeding of the grinding wheel is controlled to complete the grinding process, and then radial feeding is performed again, and the grinding process is repeated until the predetermined number of grinding passes is reached to complete the gear processing process. When the gear processing allowance is large, in the gear matching stage, according to the detection results, the number of grinding processes can be increased according to the grinding method of the present invention, so as to control the grinding amount of a single radial feed and ensure the grinding quality of the gear. When the gear processing allowance is small, the number of grinding processes is reduced, thereby saving the axial feeding movement process. For such gears, the processing time can be shortened, so that when batch gears are processed, automatic adjustment can be achieved according to the processing allowance state of the gear to ensure the gear processing quality and processing efficiency.

Claims

1. A batch gear grinding method, characterized in that: Includes steps: S01. According to the gear processing requirements, the grinding process parameters are preset, wherein the grinding process parameters include the number of grinding passes and the feed parameters of each grinding pass. The first gear is first ground by a gear grinding machine, and the tooth top arc length of the first gear is obtained as the target processing arc length. S02, remove the first gear and install the subsequent gear to be processed. Before processing the gear, first detect the tooth top arc length of the gear to be processed, and confirm the grinding allowance of the gear to be processed by the difference between the tooth top arc length of the gear to be processed and the target processing arc length; S03. According to the grinding allowance of the gear to be processed, the grinding allowance is compared with a preset grinding allowance threshold of the gear grinding machine, and the number of grinding passes is increased or decreased according to the comparison result.

2. A batch gear machining and grinding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In steps S01 and S02, the tooth top arc length detection process of the corresponding gear includes: driving the gear to rotate through the workpiece shaft of the gear, and during the rotation process, detecting the rising edge and falling edge positions of the gear during the gear alignment process through the AM non-contact gear alignment sensor, obtaining the central angle corresponding to the tooth top arc length, and calculating the corresponding tooth top arc length based on the tooth top circle diameter of the gear.

3. A batch gear machining and grinding method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tooth addendum arc length of the gear to be processed is the average value of the tooth addendum arc lengths of all the gear teeth to be processed.

4. The batch gear grinding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S03, the process of increasing or decreasing the number of grinding passes according to the comparison result includes: the preset machining allowance threshold of the gear grinding machine includes a grinding allowance threshold for increasing a pass and a grinding allowance threshold for decreasing a pass; when the grinding allowance is greater than the set grinding allowance threshold for increasing a pass, a grinding pass is added on the basis of the original number of grinding passes, and the difference between the grinding allowance and the threshold and the sum of the original first grinding pass feed are used as the total feed of the first two grinding passes and are equally divided into the first two grinding passes, thereby realizing the addition of one grinding pass; When the grinding allowance is less than the set grinding allowance threshold for reducing one pass, the first pass of the preset grinding pass is directly skipped to reduce one grinding pass; When the grinding allowance is between the set grinding allowance threshold for adding one pass and the grinding allowance threshold for reducing one pass, it indicates that the machining allowance is a normal value and machining is performed according to the preset number of grinding passes.

5. The batch gear grinding method according to claim 4, characterized in that: When comparing the grinding allowance with the machining allowance threshold set by the gear grinding machine, the grinding allowance and the difference in tooth top arc length are converted, and a theoretical relationship between the tooth top arc length and the increase or decrease in the number of grinding passes is established. When batch processing of gears is performed, the number of grinding passes is increased or decreased directly by the difference between the detected tooth top arc length of the gear to be processed and the target tooth top arc length.

6. A gear grinding machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a grinding wheel for grinding gears, and an AM non-contact gear alignment sensor is arranged on one side of the grinding wheel for detecting the arc length of the gear tooth tip when the gear and the grinding wheel are aligned and confirming the grinding allowance of the gear. The gear grinding machine controls the grinding wheel to grind batches of gears according to the grinding method described in any one of claims 1 to 5 based on the result of the arc length of the gear tooth tip to be processed detected by the AM non-contact gear alignment sensor.

7. A machine tool numerical control system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, a batch gear machining and grinding method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented.

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