A tooth-cutting blade suitable for multiple modules and a construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a tooth-cutting blade applicable to multiple modules, wherein the working part of the tooth-cutting blade comprises a cutting edge, a front cutting face and a back cutting face. According to the parameters of each of M workpieces, a three-dimensional model of the corresponding working part of the tooth-cutting blade is constructed respectively, and the back cutting face thicknesses of the M three-dimensional models are H1, H2, H3, H4, H5, H6, H7, H8, H9, H10, H11, H12, H13, H14, H15, H16, H17, H18, H19, H20, H30, H41, H52, H63, H74, H84, H9, H10, H11, H12, H13, H14, H15 M , the maximum value is selected as the thickness H of the back face of the tooth-cutting blade, and the distances from the cutting edge vertex to the blade center of the M three-dimensional models are L1, L2, L3...L M , the maximum value is selected as the distance L from the cutting edge vertex to the center of the blade. The maximum widths of the cutting edge curves of the M three-dimensional models are B1, B2, B3, ... B M , the maximum value thereof is selected as the maximum width distance B of the cutting edge curve of the tooth-cutting blade. The multi-module tooth-cutting blade provided by the present invention can be applied to the processing of multiple workpieces with different modules and has strong versatility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of gear processing tools, and in particular to a multi-module tooth cutting blade and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Gear skiving technology not only has the ability to process special structure gears such as non-through internal gear rings, but also has advantages such as high efficiency. In recent years, gear skiving technology has demonstrated unique advantages in the fields of new energy vehicles, industrial robots, new energy devices, etc., and the engineering demand is very urgent. Unfortunately, however, the gear skiving tool technology is still immature, which seriously restricts the large-scale industrial application of gear skiving technology. Compared with integral tools, replaceable blade gear skiving tools have lower tool manufacturing difficulty and cost, especially in the processing of larger module gears. It shows significant advantages and is an important direction for the development of gear skiving tool technology.

[0003] At present, there is a lack of universal tooth-cutting blades that can be used for fine machining on the market, which cannot meet production needs. On the one hand, existing replaceable blade tooth-cutting tools all use standard diamond blades, which can only be used for rough machining; on the other hand, the diamond blades used in existing replaceable blade tooth-cutting tools are limited by the blade structure, and the positioning interface size cannot be designed without considering the blade shape. When changing the processing object, the interface size must be changed, and the cutter head must also be adjusted accordingly. In view of the above two problems, it is necessary to develop a tooth-cutting blade suitable for multiple modules. Summary of the invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide a multi-module toothed blade to address the technical defects in the prior art. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a multi-module toothed blade.

[0005] The technical solution adopted to achieve the purpose of the present invention is:

[0006] A toothed blade applicable to multiple modules, wherein the working part of the toothed blade comprises a cutting edge, a front cutting face and a back cutting face. According to the parameters of each of M workpieces, a three-dimensional model of the corresponding working part of the toothed blade is constructed respectively, and the back cutting face thicknesses of the M three-dimensional models are H1, H2, H3, H4, H5, H6, H7, H8, H9, H10, H11, H12, H13, H14, H15, H16, H17, H18, H19, H20, H30, H41, H52, H63, H74, H84, H9, H10, H11, H12, H13, H14, H15 M , the maximum value is selected as the thickness H of the back face of the tooth-cutting blade, and the distances from the cutting edge vertex to the blade center of the M three-dimensional models are L1, L2, L3...L M , the maximum value is selected as the distance L from the cutting edge vertex of the toothed blade to the blade center, and the maximum widths of the cutting edge curves of the M three-dimensional models are B1, B2, B3...B M , select the maximum value as the maximum width distance B of the cutting edge curve of the tooth cutting blade.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the positioning part is a prism, and the prism is a chamfered wedge, the side of the wedge fits with the corresponding cutter disc joint surface, and the height of the prism is greater than the depth of the positioning groove on the matching cutter disc.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the bottom surface of the positioning part is a wedge-shaped structure.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the size of the positioning part of the tooth-cutting blade is determined according to the following method:

[0010] The bottom surface contours of the M three-dimensional models are compared, and the size of the bottom surface of the positioning portion is smaller than the minimum bottom surface size of the M three-dimensional models.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the toothed blade is centrally symmetrical and is installed and used by rotating 180°.

[0012] A method for constructing a working portion of a multi-module toothed blade comprises the following steps:

[0013] Step 1, according to the position relationship and motion relationship between the workpiece and the gear cutting tool during the gear cutting process, a gear cutting processing coordinate system is established, including a workpiece coordinate system So1x1y1z1 and a gear cutting tool coordinate system So2x2y2z2;

[0014] Step 2, determining the gear cutting tool parameters, machine tool adjustment parameters and process parameters according to the given parameters of M workpieces with different modules;

[0015] Step 3, according to the conjugate principle of curved surfaces, establish the conjugate surface of the processed tooth surface under the tooth cutting processing motion;

[0016] Step 4, establish a plane in the tooth cutting tool coordinate system So2x2y2z2 described in step 1, set the angle between the normal vector N of the plane and the coordinate axis o2x2 and the coordinate axis o2z2, and use the plane to intersect the conjugate plane described in step 3, use the intersection line as the cutting edge, and use the plane obtained by the intersection as the rake face;

[0017] Step 5, according to the axis intersection angle and the workpiece helix angle, the flank lead of the tooth-cutting blade is set, the curve of the cutting edge obtained in step 4 is used as the generatrix, and the spiral line determined by the set flank lead of the tooth-cutting blade is used as the guide line to generate a spiral surface, and the spiral surface is used as the flank face;

[0018] Step 6: Calculate the shape of the working part of the tooth-cutting blade according to steps 1-5, and establish M three-dimensional models based on the calculation results. The back face thicknesses of the M three-dimensional models are H1, H2, H3, ..., H M, the maximum value is selected as the back face thickness H of the tooth-cutting blade, and the distances from the cutting edge vertex to the blade center of the M three-dimensional models are L1, L2, L3...L M , the maximum value is selected as the distance L from the cutting edge vertex to the center of the blade. The maximum widths of the cutting edge curves of the M three-dimensional models are B1, B2, B3, ... B M , select the maximum value as the maximum width B of the cutting edge curve of the tooth cutting blade.

[0019] In the above technical scheme, the workpiece parameters in step 2 include the number of teeth, module, pressure angle, span distance, measuring rod diameter, tooth top circle diameter, tooth root circle diameter and helix angle, and the machine tool adjustment parameters and process parameters include the number of tool teeth Z, axis intersection angle γ, center distance a, offset distance b, workpiece angular velocity ω1 and tool angular velocity ω2.

[0020] In the above technical solution, the coordinates of the processed tooth surface points in step 3 are as follows:

[0021]

[0022] Where x1, y1, and z1 are the coordinates of the tooth surface point in the workpiece coordinate system. is the parameter variable, and γ is the axis intersection angle.

[0023] In the above technical solution, the normal vector N of the plane in step 4 is perpendicular to the coordinate axis o2x2 and the angle β between the normal vector N and the coordinate axis o2z2 is 15-25°.

[0024] In the above technical solution, the design method of the back cutting edge lead of the toothed blade in step 5 is: first set the back cutting edge lead of the toothed blade by the axis angle γ and the workpiece helix angle; if there is interference of the back cutting edge of the toothed blade during the simulation process, adjust the back cutting edge lead of the toothed blade until there is no interference of the back cutting edge of the toothed blade.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The multi-module tooth cutting blade provided by the present invention has a working portion that is sharpened into an accurate tooth cutting blade shape according to the corresponding maximum size of workpieces with different modules, has high processing accuracy, and is used for tooth surface finishing.

[0027] 2. The multi-module tooth cutting blade provided by the present invention has a universal interface for connecting the positioning part of the cutting blade, which is applicable to different workpieces within a certain module range and has strong versatility.

[0028] 3. The multi-module tooth-cutting blade provided by the present invention can be used to work with the cutting edge on the other side by indexing when the cutting edge on one side of the blade is worn. When the processing object is changed, the blade can be directly replaced without changing the cutter head, which can not only improve production efficiency but also greatly reduce tool costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of the working part and the positioning part of the multi-module tooth cutting blade applicable to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 The figure shows the gear cutting processing coordinate system of the multi-module gear cutting blade applicable to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 Shown is a schematic diagram of the method for constructing the front cutting face and cutting edge of a multi-module toothed blade according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 Shown is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model of the working portion of the multi-module toothed blade of the present invention constructed for three workpieces.

[0033] Figure 5 Shown is a schematic diagram of the bottom surface shape of the positioning portion of the multi-module tooth cutting blade applicable to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 Shown is a schematic diagram of a multi-module toothed blade applicable to the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1-working part, 2-positioning part, 3-cutting edge, 4-front cutting edge, 5-back cutting edge, 6-three-dimensional model of the working part applicable to workpiece a, 7-three-dimensional model of the working part applicable to workpiece b, 8-three-dimensional model of the working part applicable to workpiece c, 9-wedge side, 10-long wedge edge, 11-short wedge edge, 12-wedge angle edge, 13-conjugate surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] A method for constructing a tooth-cutting blade suitable for three modules, the parameters of workpiece a, workpiece b and workpiece c are shown in Table 1.

[0039] Table 1 Workpiece parameters

[0040]

[0041] Reference Figure 1The tooth cutting blade suitable for the above three modules includes a working part 1 and a positioning part 2. The main structure of the working part 2 includes: a cutting edge 3, a front cutting surface 4 and a back cutting surface 5.

[0042] The working part 1 of the tooth-cutting blade can be suitable for processing the above three different modulus gears through design and sharpening. The construction method of the working part 1 of the tooth-cutting blade includes the following steps:

[0043] Step 1, refer to Figure 2 According to the position relationship and motion relationship between the workpiece and the gear cutting tool during the gear cutting process, the gear cutting processing coordinate system is established, where So1x1y1z1 is the workpiece coordinate system, So2x2y2z2 is the gear cutting tool coordinate system, γ is the axis intersection angle, a is the center distance, b is the offset distance, ω1 is the workpiece angular velocity, and ω2 is the gear cutting tool angular velocity.

[0044] Step 2: Determine the gear cutting tool parameters, machine tool adjustment parameters and process parameters according to the given parameters of workpiece a, workpiece b and workpiece c. The specific parameters are shown in Table 2:

[0045] Table 2 Gear cutting tool parameters and machining parameter assignments

[0046]

[0047] Step 3: According to the conjugate principle of curved surfaces, establish the conjugate surface of the processed tooth surface during the tooth cutting motion:

[0048]

[0049] Among them, x1, y1, z1 are the coordinates of the tooth surface point in the workpiece coordinate system, is the parameter variable, and γ is the axis intersection angle.

[0050] Step 4, refer to Figure 3 , establish a plane in the tooth cutting tool coordinate system So2x2y2z2 described in step 1, the normal vector N of the plane is perpendicular to the coordinate axis o2x2 and the angle β with the coordinate axis o2z2 is 18.5°, and the plane intersects the conjugate plane described in step 3, and the intersection line is used as the cutting edge 3, and the plane obtained by the intersection is used as the front cutting edge 4.

[0051] Step 5, according to the axis angle γ and the workpiece helix angle, set the flank lead of the toothed blade. If there is flank interference of the toothed blade during the simulation process, adjust the flank lead of the toothed blade until there is no interference of the flank of the toothed blade. In this embodiment, the flank lead of the toothed blade is set to 1.287×10 3 mm, taking the curve of the cutting edge 3 obtained in step 4 as the main line and the helix line determined according to the above-mentioned flank lead as the guide line, a helical surface is generated, and the helical surface is used as the flank face 5.

[0052] Step 6: For workpiece a, workpiece b and workpiece c, calculate the working part shape of the tooth-cutting blade according to steps 1-5, and establish a three-dimensional model based on the calculation results. Figure 4 The three-dimensional model 6 of the working part applicable to workpiece a, the three-dimensional model 7 of the working part applicable to workpiece b, and the three-dimensional model 8 of the working part applicable to workpiece c, wherein the back face thickness of the three-dimensional models of the working parts applicable to workpiece a, workpiece b and workpiece c is denoted by H i The distance from the cutting edge tooth vertex to the blade center is L. i The maximum width of the cutting edge curve is represented by B i Indicates that, select H i , L i , B i The maximum value is used as the back face H of the tooth cutting blade, the distance L from the cutting edge tooth vertex to the blade center, the maximum width B of the cutting edge curve, and the dimensions of the three-dimensional model of the working part of the applicable workpiece a, workpiece b and workpiece c are shown in Table 3.

[0053] Table 3 Shape parameters of the working part of the tooth cutting blade

[0054] Workpiece number (i) <![CDATA[H i / mm]]> <![CDATA[L i / mm]]> <![CDATA[B i / mm]]> a 2.4 11.79 10.73 b 2.4 10.75 10.45 c 2.4 10.67 10.23

[0055] According to Table 3, the flank thickness H1, H2, and H3 of the three-dimensional model of the working part of workpiece a, workpiece b, and workpiece c are all 2.4 mm, and the maximum value of 2.4 mm is taken as the flank thickness H of the working part 1 of the tooth-cutting blade. The distances L1, L2, and L3 from the cutting edge tooth vertex to the center of the blade of the three-dimensional model of the working part of workpiece a, workpiece b, and workpiece c are 11.79 mm, 10.75 mm, and 10.67 mm, respectively, and the maximum value of 11.79 mm is taken as the distance L from the cutting edge tooth vertex to the center of the blade of the working part 1 of the tooth-cutting blade. The maximum widths B1, B2, and B3 of the cutting edge curve of the three-dimensional model of the working part of workpiece a, workpiece b, and workpiece c are 10.73 mm, 10.45 mm, and 10.23 mm, respectively, and the maximum value of 10.73 mm is taken as the maximum width B of the cutting edge curve of the working part 1 of the tooth-cutting blade.

[0056] Reference Figure 1 According to the three-dimensional model 6 of the working part of the toothed blade applicable to workpiece a, the three-dimensional model 7 of the working part of the toothed blade applicable to workpiece b, and the three-dimensional model 8 of the working part applicable to workpiece c constructed in step 6, the shape and size of the positioning part 2 of the toothed blade are determined as follows:

[0057] The positioning part 2 of the toothed blade is designed to be a prism, which is a chamfered wedge, and the wedge side 9 fits with the corresponding cutter head joint surface. The height of the prism is greater than the depth of the positioning groove on the matching cutter head. Figure 5 The bottom surface of the positioning portion 2 of the toothed blade is a wedge-shaped structure, and the size of the wedge-shaped structure is smaller than the minimum bottom surface size in the three-dimensional model of the working part of the applicable workpiece a, workpiece b and workpiece c.

[0058] The height of the prism, the long wedge side 10, the short wedge side 11, the wedge angle side 12 of the wedge structure, and the angle between the long wedge side 10 and the short wedge side 11 are determined according to the following method:

[0059] Reference Figure 4 , compare the bottom surface contours of the three-dimensional model 6 of the working part applicable to workpiece a, the three-dimensional model 7 of the working part applicable to workpiece b, and the three-dimensional model 8 of the working part applicable to workpiece c, and determine the minimum bottom surface size in the three-dimensional model. According to the minimum bottom surface size in the three-dimensional model, the size of the positioning part 2 of the toothed blade is determined as follows: the prism height is 4mm, the long wedge edge 10 is 10.84mm, the short wedge edge 11 is .14mm, the wedge angle edge 12 is 2.73mm, and the angle between the long wedge edge 10 and the short wedge edge 11 is 33.63°.

[0060] Reference Figure 6 By performing 180° center-symmetric processing on the working part 1 and the positioning part 2 of the above-mentioned tooth-cutting blade, a complete tooth-cutting blade can be obtained. The obtained tooth-cutting blade is center-symmetric and can be rotated 180° for installation and use.

[0061] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, different technical methods can be used to construct and manufacture toothed blades without departing from the principles of the present invention. These methods should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tooth-cutting blade suitable for multiple modules, characterized in that: The working part of the tooth-scraping blade includes a cutting edge, a front cutting face and a back cutting face. According to the parameters of each of the given M workpieces, a three-dimensional model of the working part of the corresponding tooth-scraping blade is constructed respectively. The back cutting face thicknesses of the M three-dimensional models are H1, H2, H3, ..., H M , the maximum value is selected as the thickness H of the back face of the tooth-cutting blade, and the distances from the cutting edge vertex to the blade center of the M three-dimensional models are L1, L2, L3...L M , the maximum value is selected as the distance L from the cutting edge vertex of the toothed blade to the blade center, and the maximum widths of the cutting edge curves of the M three-dimensional models are B1, B2, B3...B M , select the maximum value as the maximum width distance B of the cutting edge curve of the tooth cutting blade.

2. The toothed blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The toothed blade also includes a positioning part, which is a prism. The prism is a chamfered wedge, and the wedge side surface fits the corresponding cutter disc joint surface. The height of the prism is greater than the depth of the positioning groove on the matching cutter disc.

3. The toothed blade according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the positioning part is a wedge-shaped structure.

4. The toothed blade according to claim 3, characterized in that: The size of the positioning portion of the toothed blade is determined according to the following method: The bottom surface contours of the M three-dimensional models are compared, and the size of the bottom surface of the positioning portion is smaller than the minimum bottom surface size of the M three-dimensional models.

5. The multi-module tooth cutting blade according to claim 2, characterized in that: The toothed blade is centrally symmetrical and can be installed and used by rotating 180 degrees.

6. The method for constructing the working portion of a multi-module toothed blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, according to the position relationship and motion relationship between the workpiece and the gear cutting tool during the gear cutting process, a gear cutting processing coordinate system is established, including a workpiece coordinate system So1x1y1z1 and a gear cutting tool coordinate system So2x2y2z2; Step 2, determining the gear cutting tool parameters, machine tool adjustment parameters and process parameters according to the given parameters of M workpieces with different modules; Step 3, according to the conjugate principle of curved surfaces, establish the conjugate surface of the processed tooth surface under the tooth cutting processing motion; Step 4, establish a plane in the tooth cutting tool coordinate system So2x2y2z2 described in step 1, set the angle between the normal vector N of the plane and the coordinate axis o2x2 and the coordinate axis o2z2, and use the plane to intersect the conjugate plane described in step 3, use the intersection line as the cutting edge, and use the plane obtained by the intersection as the rake face; Step 5, according to the axis intersection angle and the workpiece helix angle, the flank lead of the tooth-cutting blade is set, the curve of the cutting edge obtained in step 4 is used as the generatrix, and the spiral line determined by the set flank lead of the tooth-cutting blade is used as the guide line to generate a spiral surface, and the spiral surface is used as the flank face; Step 6: Calculate the shape of the working part of the tooth-cutting blade according to steps 1-5, and establish M three-dimensional models based on the calculation results. The back face thicknesses of the M three-dimensional models are H1, H2, H3, ..., H M , the maximum value is selected as the back face thickness H of the tooth-cutting blade, and the distances from the cutting edge vertex to the blade center of the M three-dimensional models are L1, L2, L3...L M , the maximum value is selected as the distance L from the cutting edge vertex to the center of the blade. The maximum widths of the cutting edge curves of the M three-dimensional models are B1, B2, B3, ... B M , select the maximum value as the maximum width B of the cutting edge curve of the tooth cutting blade.

7. The construction method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The workpiece parameters in step 2 include the number of teeth, module, pressure angle, span, measuring rod diameter, tooth top circle diameter, tooth root circle diameter and helix angle, and the machine tool adjustment parameters and process parameters include the number of tool teeth Z, axis angle γ, center distance a, offset distance b, workpiece angular velocity ω1 and tool angular velocity ω2.

8. The construction method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The coordinates of the processed tooth surface points in step 3 are shown in the following formula: Where x1, y1, and z1 are the coordinates of the tooth surface point in the workpiece coordinate system. is the parameter variable, and γ is the axis intersection angle.

9. The construction method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The normal vector N of the plane in step 4 is perpendicular to the coordinate axis o2x2 and the angle β between the normal vector N and the coordinate axis o2z2 is 15-25°.

10. The construction method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The design method of the flank lead of the toothed blade in step 5 is: first set the flank lead of the toothed blade by the axis angle γ and the workpiece helix angle; if there is flank interference of the toothed blade during the simulation process, adjust the flank lead of the toothed blade until there is no interference with the flank face of the toothed blade.

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