Positioning jig and positioning method for machining inner diameter and outer diameter of ceramic product

Abstract

The invention discloses a ceramic product inner and outer diameter machining positioning jig and method. The ceramic product inner and outer diameter machining positioning jig comprises a base; the adjusting mechanism comprises an X-direction adjusting area and a Y-direction adjusting area which are arranged on the base; the fixed seat is arranged above the adjusting mechanism; wherein the X-direction adjusting area comprises a first adjusting plate and a second adjusting plate which are connected in a sliding mode, and the Y-direction adjusting area comprises a third adjusting plate and a fourth adjusting plate which are connected in a sliding mode. According to the jig in the scheme, through the combination of the base, the X-direction adjusting area, the Y-direction adjusting area and the fixing base, multi-layer accurate adjustment is achieved. According to the scheme, by means of the magnet fixing device, the adjusting plate in sliding connection, the fine adjustment mechanism, the locking mechanism and the like, whole-process control from preliminary positioning to 0.01 mm high-precision fine adjustment is achieved. And meanwhile, due to the flexible clamping design on the fixing base, the risk that the ceramic product cracks or is broken in the machining process is effectively reduced, and the requirement for machining the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the high-precision ceramic product is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic product jig manufacturing, and in particular to a ceramic product inner and outer diameter processing positioning jig and a positioning method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of domestic manufacturing industry, the field of mechanical processing is developing towards automation and digitalization, but the corresponding equipment is expensive and not suitable for non-standard products, so domestic manufacturers still generally use semi-automatic processing equipment. In the process of semi-automatic equipment processing, whether the positioning of the product is accurate has a direct relationship with the accuracy of subsequent processing.

[0003] The positioning accuracy of traditional mechanical processing can generally only be guaranteed to be 0.1mm, and it is obvious that a processing method that improves the processing accuracy is needed. For example, the disclosed Chinese patent: A method for grinding the inner and outer diameters of thin-walled steel parts with step holes, application number CN202111067347.4, specifically includes the following processing steps: S1. Fine turning the inner and outer diameters and end face lengths of thin-walled steel parts with step holes, with a reserved margin of 0.5 to 0.8mm for the inner and outer diameters and end face lengths; S2. Place the part that has completed step S1 on the flat grinding table, and use a flat grinding machine to grind both ends to ensure the parallelism of both ends of the workpiece; S3. Install the part that has completed step S2 on the fixture for grinding the outer diameter of thin-walled steel parts with step holes, and grind the outer diameter and end face of thin-walled steel parts with step holes. To the finished product size; S4, extend the outer diameter grinding wheel, and grind the reserved allowance of the thin-walled steel parts with the outer diameter to be processed to the finished product size. During processing, the outer diameter surface and the exposed end face of the workpiece are ground in one clamping to ensure the verticality of the outer circle of the workpiece and the exposed end face of the workpiece; S5, remove the external grinding support clamp used for processing the outer diameter, and replace it with a special internal grinding tool for processing the inner diameter. Before grinding the inner hole, align the outer circle of the fixture part by probing it, and then extend the inner diameter grinding wheel into the interior of the thin-walled steel parts with the stepped hole of the inner diameter to be processed, and grind the reserved allowance on the inner diameter of the thin-walled steel parts with the stepped hole of the inner diameter to be processed to the finished product size.

[0004] Although the above scheme can improve the processing accuracy of bar parts, the positioning method of the fixture is still relatively complicated. Faced with the clamping of multiple batches of parts, it is obviously inefficient, and frequent replacement of parts for clamping will also result in insufficient positioning accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problem of insufficient positioning accuracy in the processing of traditional ceramic products, the fixture in this solution achieves multi-level precise adjustment through the combination of a base, X- and Y-axis adjustment areas, and a fixed seat. The whole process control from initial positioning to 0.01mm high-precision fine-tuning is achieved through means such as a magnetic fixing device, a sliding adjustment plate, a fine-tuning mechanism (such as a micrometer), and a locking mechanism.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A ceramic product inner and outer diameter processing positioning fixture comprises: a base; an adjustment mechanism, comprising an X-direction adjustment area and a Y-direction adjustment area arranged on the base; a fixed seat, arranged above the adjustment mechanism; wherein the X-direction adjustment area comprises a first adjustment plate and a second adjustment plate with relative sliding adjustment, and the Y-direction adjustment area comprises a third adjustment plate and a fourth adjustment plate with relative sliding adjustment.

[0007] The processing positioning fixture proposed in this scheme consists of a base, an adjustment mechanism and a fixed seat, wherein the adjustment mechanism includes X-direction and Y-direction adjustment areas, which are respectively composed of slidingly connected adjustment plates, and can be precisely adjusted in two directions to achieve high-precision positioning. The slidingly connected adjustment plate structure can provide smooth and continuous adjustment capabilities, overcoming the limitations of the traditional single adjustment method. By separating the X-direction and Y-direction adjustments, the adjustment in each direction can be independently controlled, improving the flexibility and accuracy of the operation. It enables the operator to control the position of the ceramic product more accurately, thereby improving the processing accuracy and reducing the scrap rate caused by inaccurate positioning. It can handle ceramic products of different sizes and shapes, improving production efficiency and product quality.

[0008] Preferably, the X-axis adjustment area includes a first adjustment base arranged on the side of the second adjustment plate, a first fine-tuning mechanism is arranged on the first adjustment base, and a first baffle is arranged on the side of the first adjustment plate corresponding to the first fine-tuning mechanism; the Y-axis adjustment area includes a second adjustment base arranged on the side of the fourth adjustment plate, a second fine-tuning mechanism is arranged on the second adjustment base, and a second baffle is arranged on the side of the third adjustment plate corresponding to the second fine-tuning mechanism. In order to achieve precise bidirectional adjustment, the cooperation between the fine-tuning mechanism and the baffle allows the operator to make precise adjustments at the micron level. By adjusting the fine-tuning mechanism, the movement of the baffle can be accurately controlled, thereby achieving precise positioning of the adjustment plate, overcoming the problem of insufficient precision of the traditional coarse adjustment method, and being able to meet the requirements of high-precision positioning for ceramic product processing. This precision adjustment capability is particularly important for the inner and outer diameter processing of ceramic products, which can effectively reduce processing errors and improve product quality and consistency.

[0009] Preferably, the second adjustment plate is provided with a first fixing device, the fourth adjustment plate is provided with a second fixing device, the first fixing device is provided with a first slide groove which is attached to the side of the first adjustment plate, the second fixing device is provided with a second slide groove which is attached to the side of the third adjustment plate, and fixings can be installed in the first slide groove and the second slide groove. The slide groove structure makes the movement trajectory of the adjustment plate precisely controllable, reduces lateral deviation, and improves the adjustment accuracy. The fixings enable the operator to lock the position of the adjustment plate only when necessary to prevent accidental movement. The combination of sliding connection and fixing ensures both the flexibility of adjustment and the stability of positioning. It can effectively prevent positioning deviation caused by vibration or external force during processing, thereby improving processing accuracy and product quality.

[0010] Preferably, a locking mechanism is provided on the fixing seat, and the locking mechanism includes a bolt hole, and the product can be locked and fixed to the fixing seat by screwing the bolt into the bolt hole. By adjusting the screw-in depth of the bolt, ceramic products of various shapes and sizes can be firmly fixed, that is, it can adapt to products of different thicknesses, and the loading and unloading of the product can be completed without special tools. Compared with snap or magnetic fixing, bolt fixing provides higher stability and reliability, especially in the inner and outer diameter processing of ceramic products, stable fixation can effectively reduce processing vibration, improve processing accuracy, and reduce the risk of product damage.

[0011] Preferably, the first fine-tuning mechanism and the second fine-tuning mechanism both use a micrometer, which includes a micrometer screw and an adjustment barrel. The micrometer is a high-precision measuring tool with a resolution of usually up to 0.01mm, which can meet the precision requirements of inner and outer diameter processing of ceramic products. The combination of the micrometer screw and the adjustment barrel allows the operator to accurately control the position of the adjustment plate by rotating the adjustment barrel. According to the principle of screw micrometry, the linear movement corresponding to one circle of rotation is the pitch, which is usually 0.5mm or 1mm. Assuming that the pitch is 0.5mm and the adjustment barrel scale is 50 grids, each grid corresponds to a linear movement of 0.01mm, achieving micron-level adjustment. This accuracy far exceeds that of conventional adjustment mechanisms and can meet the strict requirements for precision in ceramic product processing. The feed amount of the micrometer screw can be fine-tuned by rotating the adjustment barrel, thereby pushing the baffle to achieve X- and Y-direction adjustment of the fixed seat.

[0012] Preferably, a magnet fixing device is provided on the base, and the magnet fixing device is in contact with the surface of the machine tool. The magnet fixing device can provide a strong adsorption force to ensure that the fixture remains stable during the processing. According to the properties of the magnet, the adsorption force is proportional to the area and strength of the magnet, and the needs of fixtures of different weights can be met by selecting magnets of appropriate specifications. Secondly, magnet fixing does not require additional mechanical devices, which reduces installation time and improves operating efficiency. It is also worth noting that magnet fixing can achieve non-destructive disassembly without causing damage to the surface of the machine tool. Compared with traditional bolt fixing or vacuum adsorption, magnet fixing is more flexible, and the position of the fixture can be quickly adjusted to adapt to different processing requirements. It is especially beneficial for the processing of ceramic products that need to be frequently replaced or adjusted, and can significantly improve production efficiency.

[0013] Furthermore, a dial indicator adsorption device is provided on the fixing seat, and the dial indicator adsorption device is connected to the machine tool spindle. The dial indicator has a resolution of 0.01mm and can accurately detect tiny displacement changes. By connecting it to the machine tool spindle, the contour changes of the product surface can be continuously monitored during the processing. This real-time monitoring mechanism helps to timely discover and correct processing errors and improve processing accuracy. Compared with traditional offline measurement methods, this integrated design greatly reduces measurement time and improves production efficiency. In addition, the use of the dial indicator adsorption device enables the operator to quickly adjust and calibrate processing parameters and perform fine-tuning without stopping the machine, which is especially important for the precision processing of ceramic products.

[0014] The present invention also discloses a processing and positioning method using the above ceramic product inner and outer diameter processing and positioning fixture, comprising the following steps: Install the product on the jig and place it on the machine tool, fixing it with magnets; Fix the dial indicator on the spindle of the machine tool by suction, so that the probe contacts the contour of the product; Rotate the spindle to record the reference surface and tap the fixture to make adjustments; Adjust the micrometer on the fixture to adjust the X and Y coordinates of the product.

[0015] This method uses the concept of man-machine integration. It combines high-precision measuring tools and adjustment devices with the operator's fine-tuning by tapping, which not only takes advantage of precision instruments but also retains the flexibility of manual adjustment. This combination enables the method to cope with standardized processing procedures and flexibly handle special situations, greatly enhancing its applicability in actual production.

[0016] Preferably, in the process of rotating the main shaft to record the reference surface, the jig is adjusted by tapping with a rubber hammer until the control accuracy reaches 0.1mm, and then the magnet is locked. Rotating the adjustment cylinder can drive the micrometer screw of the first fine-tuning mechanism to push the first baffle to adjust in the X direction, and rotating the adjustment cylinder can drive the micrometer screw of the second fine-tuning mechanism to push the second baffle to adjust in the Y direction.

[0017] First, install the product on the fixture and place it on the machine tool, and use magnetic fixing to provide a fast and stable fixing method. Magnetic fixing not only saves installation time, but also allows non-destructive disassembly to avoid damage to the machine tool surface. The fixture position can be quickly adjusted to meet different processing needs. Secondly, the dial indicator is adsorbed and fixed on the spindle of the machine tool so that the probe contacts the product contour and can accurately detect tiny displacement changes. Connecting the dial indicator to the machine tool spindle can continuously monitor the contour changes of the product surface during the processing process, timely detect and correct processing errors, and improve processing accuracy.

[0018] The third step is to rotate the spindle to record the reference surface and tap the fixture to make adjustments. This dynamic adjustment method can quickly find the best positioning. By continuously rotating the spindle, the contour of the product can be fully detected and fine adjustments can be made without damaging the product. The last step is to adjust the micrometer on the fixture to adjust the X and Y coordinates of the product. Using the high-precision characteristics of the micrometer, an adjustment accuracy of 0.01mm can usually be achieved. By accurately controlling the position in the X and Y directions, it can be ensured that the product maintains the best positioning state during the processing process.

[0019] This method combines a variety of precision positioning technologies. Magnet fixation provides a fast and stable foundation, dial indicator measurement realizes real-time monitoring, dynamic adjustment method increases flexibility, and micrometer fine-tuning ensures the final precise positioning. This dynamic and real-time adjustment process can better adapt to the slight deviations that may occur in the processing of ceramic products, thereby ensuring the quality of the final product.

[0020] This solution has the following beneficial effects.

[0021] The use of magnetic fixing devices and dial indicator adsorption devices can achieve rapid installation and real-time monitoring, greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of ceramic product processing and making the product positioning accuracy reach 0.01mm.

[0022] Through the sliding connection design of the X-axis and Y-axis adjustment areas, combined with the fine-tuning mechanism and micrometer, multi-dimensional precise adjustment can be achieved to ensure the stability and accuracy of ceramic products during processing.

[0023] The locking mechanism and the fixing parts are used together to form a firm connection between the product and the fixture, effectively preventing displacement and vibration during processing and improving processing quality and yield rate.

[0024] The comprehensive use of dynamic adjustment and precision fine-tuning technology enables operators to flexibly respond to different processing requirements and improve the applicability of fixtures and the flexibility of product processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a first isometric view of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a second isometric view of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. base, 2. adjustment mechanism, 3. X-axis adjustment area, 4. Y-axis adjustment area, 5. fixed seat, 6. first adjustment plate, 7. second adjustment plate, 8. third adjustment plate, 9. fourth adjustment plate, 10. first adjustment base, 11. first fine-tuning mechanism, 12. first baffle, 13. second adjustment base, 14. second fine-tuning mechanism, 15. second baffle, 16. first fixing device, 17. second fixing device, 18. first slide groove, 19. second slide groove, 20. fixing piece, 21. locking mechanism, 22. bolt hole, 23. bolt, 24. micrometer, 25. micrometer screw, 26. adjusting cylinder, 27. clamping arm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions.

[0030] Example 1 The present invention provides a high-precision positioning method for inner and outer diameter machining of ceramic products and a jig thereof, which realizes high-precision machining positioning through a multi-level precise positioning mechanism.

[0031] like Figure 1 , 2As shown, the ceramic product inner and outer diameter processing positioning jig includes a base 1, an adjustment mechanism 2 and a fixed seat 5. The base 1 serves as the basis of the entire jig, and is provided with a magnetic fixing device for contacting and fixing with the surface of the machine tool. The adjustment mechanism 2 is arranged on the base 1, including an X-axis adjustment area 3 and a Y-axis adjustment area 4. The X-axis adjustment area 3 is composed of a first adjustment plate 6 and a second adjustment plate 7 that are slidably connected, and the Y-axis adjustment area 4 is composed of a third adjustment plate 8 and a fourth adjustment plate 9 that are slidably connected. A first adjustment base 10 is provided on the side of the second adjustment plate 7, on which a first fine-tuning mechanism 11 is installed, and a first baffle 12 is provided on the side of the corresponding first adjustment plate 6. Similarly, a second adjustment base 13 is provided on the side of the fourth adjustment plate 9, on which a second fine-tuning mechanism 14 is installed, and a second baffle 15 is provided on the side of the corresponding third adjustment plate 8. The first and second fine-tuning mechanisms 14 both adopt a micrometer 24 structure, including a micrometer screw 25 and an adjustment cylinder 26. As shown Figure 3 As shown, the second adjustment plate 7 and the fourth adjustment plate 9 are provided with a first fixing device 16 and a second fixing device 17, respectively, which have a first slide groove 18 and a second slide groove 19 that fit the side of the first adjustment plate 6 and the third adjustment plate 8, respectively, and a fixing part 20 can be installed in both slide grooves. The fixing seat 5 is arranged above the adjustment mechanism 2, and a locking mechanism 21 is arranged thereon. The locking mechanism 21 includes a clamping arm 27 whose end is hinged to the fixing seat 5, and a bolt hole 22 is arranged at one end of the clamping arm 27 away from the hinge point, and the clamping arm 27 can be locked and fixed to the fixing seat 5 by bolts, thereby fixing the internal product. In addition, a dial indicator adsorption device is also provided on the fixing seat 5 for connecting to the main shaft of the machine tool. This structure can realize precise adjustment in the X and Y directions, while providing a stable product fixing method, effectively meeting the high-precision positioning requirements for inner and outer diameter processing of ceramic products.

[0032] According to the above records, the core structure of the fixture includes a base 1, an adjustment mechanism 2 and a fixed seat 5. Two orthogonal adjustment areas in the X and Y directions are set on the base 1. Each area is composed of a slidingly connected adjustment plate, which can perform a large range of coarse adjustments. The adjustment mechanism 2 is also provided with a fine-tuning device, which adopts a micrometer 24 structure, including a micrometer screw 25 and an adjustment cylinder 26, which can achieve precise adjustment at the level of 0.01mm. The fixed seat 5 adopts an aluminum outer frame with a polyurethane lining to ensure structural strength and provide flexible clamping capabilities, effectively reducing the risk of cracks or breakage of ceramic products during processing.

[0033] The positioning process is divided into three stages: preliminary positioning, precision positioning and high-precision fine-tuning. During the preliminary positioning, the product is mounted on the fixture and fixed to the machine tool with a magnet. This magnetic fixing method is fast and stable. In the precision positioning stage, a dial indicator is connected to the machine tool spindle to achieve real-time measurement. The reference surface is recorded by rotating the spindle, and the fixture is fine-tuned by tapping it with a rubber hammer until the accuracy reaches 0.1mm. In the final high-precision fine-tuning stage, the micrometer 24 on the fixture is adjusted to adjust the X and Y coordinates accurately, and the accuracy is increased to 0.01mm. The whole process combines mechanical precision adjustment and manual intervention, which not only takes advantage of precision instruments but also retains the flexibility of manual adjustment.

[0034] In this embodiment, the multi-level adjustment mechanism ensures extremely high positioning accuracy, thereby significantly improving the processing quality. Secondly, magnetic fixation and flexible clamping improve operational efficiency while reducing the risk of damage to the product. Furthermore, the real-time measurement and dynamic adjustment method makes the entire process more flexible and can quickly respond to the processing needs of different products. In addition, this method can also be combined with other precision processing technologies, such as laser cutting or CNC milling, to further improve processing accuracy and efficiency.

[0035] In this embodiment, the core structure of the fixture includes a base 1, an X-axis and Y-axis adjustment area 4, and a fixing seat 5. The base 1 is made of high-strength alloy steel, and the surface is precisely ground to a flatness of 0.01 mm / m, providing a solid foundation for the entire fixture. The base 1 is also provided with a magnetic fixing device, which uses a rare earth permanent magnet and has a magnetic strength of 800 N / cm², ensuring that the fixture is firmly connected to the machine tool table.

[0036] The X-axis and Y-axis adjustment area 4 consists of four adjustment plates, of which the second adjustment plate 7 and the third adjustment plate 8 are integrated structures to reduce assembly errors. Each adjustment plate is made of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy, which has a high strength-to-weight ratio (tensile strength of about 300MPa, density 2.7g / cm³) and good processing performance. The adjustment plates are connected by arc groove sliding, and the sliding surface is coated with PTFE coating, with a friction coefficient as low as 0.04, to achieve smooth and precise sliding. Figure 1 As shown, the edges of the two opposite sides of the bottom of the first adjustment plate 6 are concave arc surfaces, which are the sliding surfaces, and the second adjustment plate 7 is provided with micro-arc surfaces corresponding to the concave arc surfaces. The micro-arc surfaces and the concave arc surfaces are grouped in pairs, and a sliding body is provided between each group. The sliding body is fixedly connected to the micro-arc surface to ensure that the concave arc surface can slide smoothly on the sliding body.

[0037] The first adjustment plate 6 and the third adjustment plate 8 are respectively provided with a micrometer 24 fine adjustment mechanism. The micrometer 24 is made of hard alloy, with a measuring range of 0-25mm, a graduation value of 0.01mm, and a repeatability accuracy of ±0.003mm. The micrometer 24 achieves high-precision adjustment in the XY direction by pushing the baffle. The baffle is made of high-carbon steel and has been quenched to a surface hardness of HRC58-62, ensuring stability in long-term use.

[0038] The outer frame of the fixing seat 5 is made of 7075-T6 aviation aluminum alloy, which has high strength (tensile strength of about 570MPa) and high rigidity. The clamping area on the inner side of the fixing seat 5 is provided with a polyurethane pad with a hardness of 90° Shore A and a thickness of 3mm, which can achieve flexible clamping and effectively reduce the risk of cracks or breakage of ceramic products during processing. The fixing seat 5 is also provided with an M8 bolt hole 22, which is used to lock and fix the product through a high-strength 12.9 grade bolt 23 (tensile strength 1220MPa) to prevent displacement during processing.

[0039] The fixing device between each adjustment plate is installed on the side of the adjustment plate with a thin-walled part and locked with an M6 nut. The slide groove arranged on the thin-walled part is arranged along the extension direction of the side length of the adjustment plate, and the adjacent adjustment plates are locked by a nut screwed on the slide groove. The friction force can reach 500N, ensuring the position stability after adjustment.

[0040] This multi-level, high-precision adjustment mechanism, combined with the flexible clamping design, enables the fixture to achieve manual fine adjustment at the 0.01mm level, while greatly reducing the risk of damage to ceramic products. The overall structure is compact, and the various components work together to form a highly integrated precision positioning system, providing reliable protection for high-precision processing of ceramic products.

[0041] The use process of high-precision positioning fixtures for inner and outer diameter processing of ceramic products can be roughly divided into five main stages: preparation, installation, preliminary positioning, precision positioning and high-precision fine-tuning. In the preparation stage, it is first necessary to select a fixing seat 5 and an adjustment plate of appropriate specifications according to the size and shape of the ceramic product to be processed. A polyurethane pad with a thickness of 3mm and a hardness of 90° Shore A is pre-installed in the clamping area of ​​the fixing seat 5 to achieve flexible clamping. In the installation stage, the base 1 is firmly adsorbed on the machine tool workbench through a magnetic fixing device, and the magnetic strength should be not less than 800N / cm² to ensure stability during processing. Then the four adjustment plates of the X-axis and Y-axis adjustment areas 4 are installed on the base 1 in turn. Note that the second adjustment plate 7 and the third adjustment plate 8 are of one-piece design to reduce cumulative errors. PTFE coating is applied on the sliding surface between the adjustment plates, and the friction coefficient should be controlled at about 0.04 to ensure smoothness of adjustment.

[0042] In the initial positioning stage, carefully place the ceramic product on the fixing seat 5, and lock and fix the product through the M8 bolt hole 22 and the high-strength 12.9-grade bolt (tensile strength 1220MPa). At this time, care should be taken to control the locking force to avoid damage to the ceramic product. Next, enter the precision positioning stage, and fix the dial indicator on the machine tool spindle so that its probe contacts the product contour. Slowly rotate the spindle, record the reference surface, and gently tap the fixture with a rubber hammer for fine-tuning. This process needs to be repeated until the control accuracy reaches 0.1mm. It is worth noting that the tapping force should be gentle and uniform to avoid sudden displacement of the fixture or product. When the expected accuracy is achieved, the magnetic fixture should be locked immediately to prevent overall displacement during subsequent adjustments.

[0043] The final high-precision fine-tuning stage is the most critical step in the entire process. The operator should accurately control the position of the product in the X and Y directions by adjusting the micrometer 24 on the fixture. The measurement range of the micrometer 24 is 0-25mm, the graduation value is 0.01mm, and the repeatability accuracy can reach ±0.003mm. When adjusting, the adjustment cylinder 26 should be turned slowly and evenly, and the amplitude of each adjustment should not be too large, and each adjustment should not exceed 0.05mm. During the adjustment process, it is necessary to pay close attention to the changes in the readings of the dial indicator to ensure that the final positioning accuracy of 0.01mm is achieved. It is worth noting that since temperature changes may cause slight expansion or contraction of metal parts, the ambient temperature should be kept constant as much as possible during high-precision adjustments, ideally within the range of 20±0.5°C.

[0044] In practical applications, this positioning method and fixture can significantly improve the precision and efficiency of inner and outer diameter processing of ceramic products. For example, when producing high-precision ceramic bearings, the inner diameter tolerance can be controlled within ±0.005mm, greatly improving the performance and reliability of the product.

[0045] Example 2 This embodiment further optimizes and improves the high-precision positioning fixture for inner and outer diameter processing of ceramic products on the basis of Embodiment 1. The main innovation is the introduction of an electric fine-tuning mechanism and a digital display system to improve positioning accuracy and operational convenience.

[0046] The core structure of the fixture still includes the base 1, the X-axis and Y-axis adjustment areas 4, and the fixing seat 5. The base 1 is made of high-strength alloy steel, and the surface is precisely ground to a flatness of 0.005mm / m, further improving the stability of the foundation. The magnetic fixing device is upgraded to an electromagnetic suction cup with a magnetic strength of up to 1000N / cm², and can be quickly turned on and off through the control panel to improve the efficiency of installation and removal.

[0047] The basic structure of the X-axis and Y-axis adjustment areas 4 remains unchanged, but an electric fine-tuning mechanism is added to the first adjustment plate 6 and the third adjustment plate 8 respectively. The mechanism is driven by a high-precision stepper motor, and can achieve a displacement control of 0.001mm per step. The stepper motor is connected to the adjustment plate through a precision lead screw, which adopts P4-level accuracy and a lead of 1mm to ensure the accuracy and repeatability of fine-tuning. The electric fine-tuning mechanism coexists with the manual micrometer 24, and the user can choose the use mode according to the needs.

[0048] The design of the fixing seat 5 is slightly adjusted, and the outer frame material is upgraded to carbon fiber composite material, which has a lower thermal expansion coefficient (about 1.0×10^-6 / °C) and a higher stiffness-to-weight ratio. The thickness of the polyurethane pad in the clamping area is increased to 5mm, and the hardness is adjusted to Shore A 85°, further improving the flexible clamping ability. The locking mechanism 21 adopts a quick locking device, which can complete the quick fixing and release of the product by operating a wrench, greatly improving work efficiency.

[0049] In this embodiment, a digital display system is used. High-precision linear encoders with a resolution of 0.1 μm are installed in the X-axis and Y-axis adjustment areas 4 respectively. The encoder readings are displayed in real time on a digital display screen, allowing the user to intuitively monitor the adjustment process. The digital display system also integrates a data recording function, which can store multiple sets of positioning parameters, making it easy to quickly reproduce the optimal positioning state during mass production.

[0050] In addition, the dial gauge adsorption device has been upgraded to a laser distance measurement system, with the measurement range expanded to 0-100mm and the accuracy increased to ±1μm. The laser distance measurement system can rotate 360° to achieve rapid measurement of multiple surfaces of the product, greatly improving positioning efficiency. The measurement data can be directly transmitted to the control system, forming a closed-loop control with the electric fine-tuning mechanism to achieve semi-automatic precise positioning.

[0051] This improved design significantly improves the convenience and efficiency of operation while retaining the original high-precision positioning capability. The electric fine-tuning mechanism combined with the digital display system enables users to complete positioning adjustments more accurately and quickly. The introduction of the laser ranging system not only improves measurement accuracy, but also expands the application range of the fixture to adapt to more complex ceramic product shapes.

[0052] This embodiment significantly improves the operating performance and application scope of the fixture while maintaining the original high-precision positioning capability by adding advanced technologies such as electric fine-tuning, digital display and laser ranging. It is suitable for the current semi-automatic processing environment and also lays a good foundation for the transition to fully automated and intelligent manufacturing in the future. This solution can be further optimized. For example, a machine vision system can be introduced to capture the product outline through a camera and automatically calculate the optimal positioning parameters in combination with an image processing algorithm. Alternatively, magnetorheological fluid can be used instead of a traditional mechanical locking device to achieve rapid fixation and precise positioning of the product by controlling the magnetic field strength. These innovations will further promote the development of ceramic product processing towards intelligence and automation.

[0053] The operation process of the high-precision positioning fixture for inner and outer diameter processing of ceramic products in this embodiment can be divided into five main stages: preparation, installation, preliminary positioning, precision positioning and high-precision fine-tuning. In the preparation stage, it is first necessary to select a fixing seat 5 and an adjustment plate of appropriate specifications according to the size and shape of the ceramic product to be processed. A polyurethane pad with a thickness of 5 mm and a hardness of Shore A 85° is pre-installed in the clamping area of ​​the fixing seat 5 to achieve a better flexible clamping effect. During the installation stage, the base 1 is firmly adsorbed on the machine tool workbench through an electromagnetic suction cup. The magnetic strength can reach 1000N / cm², and it can be quickly turned on and off through the control panel to improve the installation and disassembly efficiency. Subsequently, the four adjustment plates of the X-direction and Y-direction adjustment areas 4 are installed on the base 1 in sequence. Note that the second adjustment plate 7 and the third adjustment plate 8 are of an integrated design to reduce cumulative errors.

[0054] In the initial positioning stage, a quick locking device is used to fix the ceramic product on the fixing seat 5. The product can be quickly fixed and released by operating a wrench, which greatly improves work efficiency. At this time, attention should be paid to controlling the locking force to avoid damage to the ceramic product. Next, enter the precision positioning stage. The laser ranging system replaces the traditional dial indicator, and the measurement range is expanded to 0-100mm, and the accuracy is improved to ±1μm. The laser ranging system is installed on the spindle of the machine tool, and its 360° rotation function is used to quickly measure multiple surfaces of the product. By slowly rotating the spindle, the reference surface is recorded, and the magnetic force of the electromagnetic chuck can be fine-tuned through the control panel to achieve a more precise overall position adjustment. This process needs to be repeated until the control accuracy reaches 0.1mm.

[0055] Finally, the high-precision fine-tuning stage, the operator can choose to use a manual micrometer 24 or an electric fine-tuning mechanism to accurately control the position of the product in the X and Y directions. The manual micrometer 24 has a measuring range of 0-25mm, a graduation value of 0.01mm, and a repeatability accuracy of ±0.003mm. The electric fine-tuning mechanism is driven by a high-precision stepper motor, which can achieve 0.001mm displacement control per step. It is connected to the adjustment plate through a precision lead screw (P4 level accuracy, lead of 1mm) to ensure the accuracy and repeatability of the fine-tuning. During the adjustment process, it is necessary to pay close attention to the real-time readings on the digital display, which come from high-precision linear encoders installed in the X and Y adjustment areas 4, with a resolution of 0.1μm. In this way, the final positioning accuracy can be controlled within 0.01mm.

[0056] It is worth noting that the entire adjustment process can be semi-automated through a closed-loop control system. The measurement data of the laser ranging system can be directly transmitted to the control system to form a closed-loop control with the electric fine-tuning mechanism. The system will automatically adjust the position according to the measurement results until the preset accuracy is reached. This method not only improves positioning efficiency, but also reduces human operation errors. In addition, the data recording function integrated in the digital display system allows multiple sets of positioning parameters to be stored, which is convenient for rapid reproduction of the optimal positioning state during mass production, further improving production efficiency.

[0057] In practical applications, this positioning method and fixture can significantly improve the accuracy and efficiency of inner and outer diameter processing of ceramic products. For example, when producing high-precision ceramic bearings, the inner diameter tolerance can be controlled within ±0.003mm, greatly improving the performance and reliability of the product. However, operators also need to pay attention to some potential problems: First, due to the introduction of electric and electronic components, regular inspection and maintenance are required to ensure the long-term stability of the system; second, changes in ambient temperature may affect the performance of electronic components, and they should be operated in a constant temperature environment, ideally controlled within the range of 20±0.2°C; third, although carbon fiber composites have a low thermal expansion coefficient, their conductivity may interfere with electronic components, and appropriate electromagnetic shielding treatment is required.

[0058] In addition, the solution has the potential for further optimization. For example, a machine vision system can be introduced to capture the product outline through a high-resolution camera, and combined with a deep learning algorithm to automatically identify product features and calculate the optimal positioning parameters. Alternatively, the use of magnetorheological fluids can be explored to replace traditional mechanical locking devices, and the rapid fixation and precise positioning of products can be achieved by controlling the magnetic field strength. This method can provide a more uniform clamping force and further reduce the risk of damage to brittle ceramic products. In terms of control systems, a predictive control algorithm is introduced to predict the optimal adjustment path based on historical data and current status, reduce the number of adjustments, and improve efficiency.

[0059] Example 3 In this embodiment, those skilled in the art may make further optimizations based on Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2. For example, computer vision technology is used to automatically detect the contour of the product through image recognition to reduce manual intervention; or piezoelectric ceramics are used as fine-tuning elements to achieve nanometer-level displacement control. For another example, piezoelectric ceramics are introduced as fine-tuning elements in the adjustment mechanism 2 to achieve nanometer-level displacement control. Alternatively, by integrating high-precision displacement sensors and closed-loop control systems, automated precision positioning is achieved to further improve efficiency and accuracy. In terms of material selection, carbon fiber composite materials are used to replace some metal parts to reduce the coefficient of thermal expansion and improve temperature stability.

Claims

1. A ceramic product inner and outer diameter processing positioning fixture, characterized in that: include: Base; The adjustment mechanism includes an X-direction adjustment area and a Y-direction adjustment area arranged on the base; A fixing seat, arranged above the adjusting mechanism; The X-direction adjustment area includes a first adjustment plate and a second adjustment plate for relative sliding adjustment, and the Y-direction adjustment area includes a third adjustment plate and a fourth adjustment plate for relative sliding adjustment.

2. The ceramic product inner and outer diameter processing positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-direction adjustment area includes a first adjustment base arranged on the side of the second adjustment plate, a first fine-tuning mechanism is arranged on the first adjustment base, and a first baffle is arranged on the side of the first adjustment plate corresponding to the first fine-tuning mechanism; the Y-direction adjustment area includes a second adjustment base arranged on the side of the fourth adjustment plate, a second fine-tuning mechanism is arranged on the second adjustment base, and a second baffle is arranged on the side of the third adjustment plate corresponding to the second fine-tuning mechanism.

3. The ceramic product inner and outer diameter processing positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first fixing device is provided on the second adjustment plate, and a second fixing device is provided on the fourth adjustment plate. The first fixing device is provided with a first sliding groove which is attached to the side of the first adjustment plate, and the second fixing device is provided with a second sliding groove which is attached to the side of the third adjustment plate. Fixing members can be installed in the first sliding groove and the second sliding groove.

4. The ceramic product inner and outer diameter processing positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing seat is provided with a locking mechanism, which includes a bolt hole. The product and the fixing seat can be locked and fixed by screwing a bolt into the bolt hole.

5. The ceramic product inner and outer diameter processing positioning fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first fine-tuning mechanism and the second fine-tuning mechanism both adopt a micrometer, and the micrometer includes a micrometer screw and an adjustment cylinder.

6. The ceramic product inner and outer diameter processing positioning fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A magnet fixing device is arranged on the base, and the magnet fixing device is in contact with the surface of the machine tool.

7. The ceramic product inner and outer diameter processing positioning fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A dial gauge adsorption device is arranged on the fixing seat, and the dial gauge adsorption device is connected to the main shaft of the machine tool.

8. A method for machining and positioning a ceramic product inner and outer diameter machining and positioning jig according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Install the product on the jig and place it on the machine tool, fixing it with magnets; Fix the dial indicator on the spindle of the machine tool by suction, so that the probe contacts the contour of the product; Rotate the spindle to record the reference surface and tap the fixture to make adjustments; Adjust the micrometer on the fixture to adjust the X and Y coordinates of the product.

9. The processing positioning method according to claim 8, characterized in that: While rotating the spindle to record the reference surface, use a rubber hammer to tap the jig for adjustment until the control accuracy reaches 0.1mm, and then lock the magnet.

10. The processing positioning method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Rotating the adjustment cylinder can drive the micrometer screw of the first fine adjustment mechanism to push the first baffle plate for X-direction adjustment, and rotating the adjustment cylinder can drive the micrometer screw of the second fine adjustment mechanism to push the second baffle plate for Y-direction adjustment.

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