Silk high-silk wide decoupling control biological 3D printer nozzle structure and printing method

Abstract

The application discloses a bio-3D printer nozzle structure and a printing method for decoupling control of filament height and filament width, and the nozzle structure comprises a rotating barrel structure, a rotating barrel, a rectangular opening nozzle connected to the bottom end of the rotating barrel, the rotating barrel rotates to drive the rectangular opening nozzle to rotate at a set deflection angle, the top end of the rotating barrel is sealed and slidably penetrates a push rod structure, an extrusion shaft screw module provides axial extrusion force to printing material through the push rod structure to extrude microfilaments, a nozzle support seat is used for supporting the extrusion shaft screw module and the rotating barrel structure, and a control part is used for adjusting the deflection angle, scanning speed and printing height of the rectangular opening nozzle to decouple and control the cross-sectional height and width of the microfilaments. The application can dynamically control the cross-sectional height and width of the extruded microfilaments, realize variable resolution and rapid printing of gradient heterogeneous structures, and meet the requirements of multi-material printing.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of 3D printing technology, in particular to a bio-3D printer nozzle structure for decoupling control of filament height and filament width and a printing method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Extrusion is a major category of bio-3D printing processes, and fused deposition modeling (FDM) and direct ink writing (DIW) are two typical sub-processes. Both of them can extrude materials in the form of microfilaments through the piston push rod on the nozzle, and make three-dimensional movements according to the path information under the control of the computer, so that the microfilaments are deposited and stacked in space. The difference is that FDM needs to heat the material from solid to molten state (liquid state) before extrusion, and then solidify into shape after extrusion; while DIW does not have the process of heating to molten state, and directly extrudes liquid materials to form shape by other crosslinking methods (such as ionic crosslinking, photo crosslinking). In recent years, the multi-material composite printing process that combines hot melt materials using FDM process and hydrogel materials using DIW process has become a research hotspot. The in-vivo implant constructed by this method has both mechanical strength and cell activity, and has great clinical application value.

[0003] Natural tissues and organs have complex gradient heterogeneous structures, which require the height (filament height) and width (filament width) of the microfilament cross-section to change continuously to simulate the natural tissue structure.

[0004] Existing technology one: using a traditional circular nozzle to print hot melt materials (such as polycaprolactone), the continuous change of the microfilament width is achieved by adjusting the process parameters (such as scanning speed and printing height), but the microfilament height will change coupled, so that the resolution of XY plane and the resolution of Z axis cannot be decoupled and controlled. Therefore, this method needs to print additional compensation layers at positions with high Z-axis resolution, which increases the process complexity and reduces the printing fidelity.

[0005] Existing technology two: using a nozzle with a rotating mechanism and a flat needle to print hydrogel materials, the microfilament cross-section printed is oval-shaped and the width is uniform. However, this method does not study the control effect of process parameters (such as rotation angle and scanning speed) on filament width, and does not achieve variable resolution printing. In addition, the above studies do not consider the special requirements of multi-material printing for nozzle design, such as the modular design of the temperature control system.

[0006] Therefore, in order to construct natural tissues and organs with complex gradient heterogeneous structures while considering mechanical strength and cell activity, new equipment and processes are needed to achieve decoupling control of filament height and filament width and meet the requirements of multi-material printing.

[0007] Therefore, the inventor puts forward a biological 3D printer nozzle structure and printing method for decoupling control of filament height and width by years of experience and practice in the relevant industry to overcome the defects of the prior art. SUMMARY

[0008] The present application aims to provide a biological 3D printer nozzle structure and printing method for decoupling control of filament height and width, which can dynamically control the cross-sectional height and width of the extruded microfilament, realize variable resolution and fast printing of gradient heterogeneous structure, and meet the requirements of multi-material printing.

[0009] The present application is achieved in that a biological 3D printer nozzle structure for decoupling control of filament height and width comprises:

[0010] A rotating barrel structure comprises a rotating barrel for accommodating printing materials, a rectangular opening nozzle capable of extruding a microfilament with a rectangular cross-section is connected to the bottom end of the rotating barrel, the rotating barrel can rotate around a barrel center axis to drive the rectangular opening nozzle to rotate at a set deflection angle, a push rod structure is slidably connected to the top end of the rotating barrel, and a temperature control system for controlling the printing temperature is connected to the rotating barrel.

[0011] An extrusion shaft screw module is connected to the push rod structure, and the extrusion shaft screw module provides an axial extrusion force to the printing materials through the push rod structure to form a microfilament from the rectangular opening nozzle.

[0012] A nozzle support seat is used to support the extrusion shaft screw module and the rotating barrel structure, and the nozzle support seat can move along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the spatial coordinate system to change the spatial coordinate position of the rectangular opening nozzle.

[0013] A control unit is electrically connected to the rotating barrel structure, the extrusion shaft screw module and the nozzle support seat, and the deflection angle, scanning speed and printing height of the rectangular opening nozzle are adjusted by the control unit to decouple and control the cross-sectional height and width of the microfilament.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the rotating barrel structure further comprises a rotating platform and a rotating motor connected to the nozzle support seat, the rotating platform comprises a platform connecting portion and a platform rotating portion, the platform connecting portion is fixedly connected to the nozzle support seat, the platform rotating portion is connected to the rotating motor through a transmission structure, and the platform rotating portion can rotate relative to the platform connecting portion under the drive of the rotating motor; the rotating barrel can be connected to the platform rotating portion, the rotating motor is electrically connected to the control unit, and the control unit drives the platform rotating portion, the rotating barrel and the rectangular opening nozzle to rotate at a set deflection angle by controlling the rotating motor.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, a platform through hole is provided through the rotating platform; a coaxial positioning sleeve is connected to the bottom end of the platform rotating part, a barrel shell is connected below the coaxial positioning sleeve, a rotating barrel passes through the platform through hole, the inner cavity of the coaxial positioning sleeve and the inner cavity of the barrel shell, and the rotating barrel is fixedly connected with the barrel shell; a concentric positioning structure for adjusting the coaxiality of the barrel shell and the rotating platform is provided on the side wall of the coaxial positioning sleeve; a temperature control system accommodating space is formed between the inner wall of the barrel shell and the outer wall of the rotating barrel in radial spacing.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the inner cavity of the coaxial positioning sleeve includes a sleeve upper through hole extending downward from the top end and a sleeve open end provided upward from the bottom end, the hole diameter of the sleeve open end is larger than the hole diameter of the sleeve upper through hole; the sleeve open end, the sleeve upper through hole and the platform through hole are provided through; the top end of the barrel shell is embedded in the sleeve open end, the concentric positioning structure includes correction screws arranged in circumferential spacing, one end of the correction screw abuts against the top end side wall of the barrel shell.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the top end of the barrel shell is provided with a shell flange, the shell flange is embedded in the sleeve open end, the hole diameter of the sleeve open end is larger than the outer diameter of the shell flange; one end of the correction screw abuts against the side wall of the shell flange to adjust the coaxiality of the barrel shell and the rotating platform; a sleeve cover plate is provided below the coaxial positioning sleeve, the sleeve cover plate is connected with the shell flange through a first connecting screw, and the sleeve cover plate is connected with the coaxial positioning sleeve through a second connecting screw.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the rotating barrel includes a cylinder part and a tapered cylinder part provided in a lead-through manner, the tapered cylinder part is located below the bottom end of the barrel shell, the cylinder part is provided upward from the tapered cylinder part, and the bottom end of the tapered cylinder part is connected with the rectangular opening nozzle in a lead-through manner; a barrel flange is provided on the outer wall of the rotating barrel below the bottom end of the barrel shell, and the barrel flange is connected with the bottom end of the barrel shell through a third connecting screw.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the temperature control system comprises a fixed seat and a temperature control module; the fixed seat comprises a seat body with a cross section in the shape of a sector, which is arranged in the platform through hole and the inner cavity of the coaxial positioning sleeve; the top end of the seat body is exposed to the position of the platform through hole, and a fixed seat flange for connecting the shower head support seat is arranged at the position; the fixed seat flange is connected to the shower head support seat by a fourth connecting screw; the bottom end of the seat body is provided with a circular ring seat, and the temperature control module is connected below the circular ring seat; the temperature control module is provided with a module through hole, and is arranged in the temperature control system accommodating space; the rotating barrel is arranged through the seat body and the module through hole, so that the temperature control system can control the temperature of the rotating barrel.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the push rod structure comprises a push rod body, the bottom end of the push rod body is arranged in the rotating barrel in a sealing sliding manner from top to bottom, and the push rod body is circumferentially fixedly arranged with the rotating barrel; the top end of the push rod body is connected with a connecting sleeve, the top end of the connecting sleeve is rotatably connected with the bottom end of a connecting seat block through a thrust bearing, and the connecting seat block is connected with the extrusion shaft screw module.

[0021] The push rod body can rotate with the rotating barrel, and the push rod body can push the printing material in the rotating barrel to form a micro-filament from the rectangular opening nozzle under the axial action of the extrusion shaft screw module.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the thrust bearing comprises a tight ring, a loose ring, a steel ball and a retainer; the loose ring is arranged at the bottom end of the connecting seat block; and the tight ring is arranged at the top end of the connecting sleeve.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the bottom end of the connecting seat block is detachably connected with a downwardly extending positioning column, and the connecting sleeve is axially fixedly rotatably arranged on the positioning column.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the top end of the connecting sleeve is downwardly provided with a stepped hole with a diameter decreasing from top to bottom, the bottom end of the positioning column is provided with a column flange, the positioning column passes through the stepped hole from bottom to top, and the top surface of the column flange abuts against the step surface of the stepped hole.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the bottom end of the connecting sleeve is upwardly provided with a T-shaped slot penetrating in the radial direction, the top end of the push rod body is provided with a rod flange capable of being nested in the T-shaped slot, and the bottom end of the connecting sleeve is connected with a fixing screw capable of fixing the rod flange.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the top end of the rotating barrel is connected to a rotating positioning buckle that can be buckled outside the push rod body, a limiting protrusion is arranged on the rotating positioning buckle, a guide groove is arranged on the side wall of the push rod body, and the guide groove is slidably sleeved on the limiting protrusion to fix the push rod body relative to the rotating barrel in the circumferential direction.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the extrusion shaft screw module comprises an extrusion shaft motor, a screw rod and a sliding block, the screw rod is vertically connected to the nozzle support seat, the top end of the screw rod is connected to the extrusion shaft motor, the sliding block is slidably sleeved on the screw rod, the extrusion shaft motor drives the screw rod to rotate to drive the sliding block to move along the screw rod, the connecting seat block is connected to the sliding block, and the extrusion shaft motor is electrically connected to the control part.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the nozzle support seat comprises a longitudinal support part and a transverse support part, one end of the transverse support part is fixedly connected to one side of the longitudinal support part, the longitudinal support part is connected to a three-dimensional motion platform below the transverse support part, the longitudinal support part is connected to the extrusion shaft screw module above the transverse support part, and the rotating barrel structure is connected to the transverse support part.

[0029] The object of the present application can also be achieved by a printing method of a filament height and width decoupling control biological 3D printer nozzle structure as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0030] Step a, installing the filament height and width decoupling control biological 3D printer nozzle structure in a printer, and temporarily not installing the push rod structure;

[0031] Step b, starting the printer, setting the printing temperature of the temperature control system and keeping the rotating barrel structure warm;

[0032] Step c, injecting printing material into the rotating barrel and installing the push rod structure;

[0033] Step d, performing concentric correction on the position of the rectangular opening nozzle;

[0034] Step e, performing slicing operation on the model according to the requirements of filament height and width of different parts of the model and generating G code instructions, wherein the displacement information of three-dimensional motion shaft, extrusion shaft and rotating shaft is contained;

[0035] Step f, during the printing process, setting the printing parameters according to the control model, adjusting the deflection angle, scanning speed and printing height of the rectangular opening nozzle, and changing the height and width of the cross section of the extruded microfilament in real time.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the control model in step f comprises:

[0037]

[0038] h p = K * h f ;

[0039]

[0040] wherein v s is the scanning speed, h p is the printing height, K is the control coefficient, d e is the diameter of the push rod body, v e is the push rod body extrusion speed, w f is the microfilament width, h f is the microfilament height, d n is the width of the rectangular opening, w n is the length of the rectangular opening, and θ is the angle between the normal direction of the rectangular opening and the scanning speed direction.

[0041] As described above, the bio-3D printer nozzle structure and printing method with decoupled control of filament height and width of the present application have the following beneficial effects:

[0042] The present application realizes decoupled control of the height and width of the extruded microfilament by real-time adjustment of the deflection angle, printing height and scanning speed of the rectangular opening nozzle, and can be used for construction of natural tissues and organs.

[0043] Real-time controllable adjustment of the filament height and width of the printed microfilament has many advantages compared to the prior art:

[0044] (1) The gradient heterogeneous structure of natural tissues can be effectively simulated: such as the gradient pore distribution of the compact bone-cancellous bone of the skeleton, reducing the filament width at large pores and increasing the filament width at small pores; such as the wedge-shaped structure of the meniscus, reducing the filament height at the medial white zone and increasing the filament height at the lateral red zone.

[0045] (2) Variable resolution printing can be realized, taking into account printing precision and speed: for different partition structure characteristics, the filament width and height of printing are flexibly controlled, such as increasing the filament height and width and shortening the printing time in areas with simple shape and low precision requirements; reducing the filament height and width and improving the printing quality in areas with complex shape and high precision requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0046] The following drawings are only intended to schematically illustrate and explain the present application, and do not limit the scope of the present application.

[0047] Wherein:

[0048] Figure 1Structure diagram of the nozzle structure of the bio 3D printer of the present application for high-fiber-width decoupling control of the fiber.

[0049] Figure 2a Sectional view of the push rod structure of the present application.

[0050] Figure 2b Sectional view of the assembly relationship between the rotary positioning buckle and the push rod body of the present application.

[0051] Figure 3a Structure diagram of the temperature control system for the DIW process of the present application.

[0052] Figure 3b Structure diagram of the temperature control system for the FDM process of the present application.

[0053] Figure 4 Sectional view of the rotary barrel structure of the present application.

[0054] Figure 5 Diagram of the concentricity correction process of the rectangular opening nozzle of the present application.

[0055] Figure 6a Flowchart of the visual correction algorithm in Example 2.

[0056] Figure 6b Effect diagram of the identification of the center of the rectangular opening nozzle in Example 2.

[0057] Figure 7a Diagram of printing a higher-fiber-height micro-fiber in Example 4 of the present application.

[0058] Figure 7b Diagram of printing a lower-fiber-height micro-fiber in Example 4 of the present application.

[0059] Figure 7c Diagram of printing a higher-fiber-height micro-fiber in Example 4 of the present application.

[0060] Figure 8a Diagram of printing a higher-fiber-height micro-fiber in Example 4 of the present application.

[0061] Figure 8b Diagram of printing a higher-fiber-height micro-fiber in Example 4 of the present application.

[0062] Figure 8c Diagram of printing a higher-fiber-height micro-fiber in Example 4 of the present application.

[0063] Figure 9 Diagram of printing a higher-fiber-height micro-fiber in Example 4 of the present application.

[0064] In the figure:

[0065] 1. Nozzle support seat; 11. Longitudinal support part; 12. Transverse support part;

[0066] 2. Extrusion shaft screw module; 21. Extrusion shaft motor; 22. Screw; 23. Slide block;

[0067] 3. Push rod structure; 30. Push rod body; 31. Connection seat block; 32. Fifth connection screw; 33. Loose ring; 34. Steel ball and retainer; 35. Tight ring; 36. Positioning column; 37. Connection sleeve; 38. Fixing screw; 39. Rotating positioning buckle;

[0068] 4. Temperature control system; 41. Fixed seat; 411. Seat body; 412. Fixed seat flange; 413. Circular ring seat; 42. Heating cylinder; 43. Semiconductor sheet; 44. Water cooling head; 45. Heat conduction sleeve; 46. Temperature sensor; 47. Fastening seat;

[0069] 5. Rotating material cylinder structure; 51. Coaxial positioning sleeve; 511. Sleeve upper through hole; 512. Sleeve open mouth; 52. Sleeve cover plate; 53. Material cylinder shell; 531. Shell flange; 54. Rotating material cylinder; 541. Cylinder part; 542. Conical cylinder part; 543. Material cylinder flange; 55. Rotating platform; 551. Platform connection part; 552. Platform rotating part; 56. Rotating motor; 57. Correction screw; 581. First connection screw; 582. Second connection screw; 583. Third connection screw;

[0070] 6. Rectangular opening nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives and effects of the present application, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0072] The specific embodiments of the present application described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not to be construed in any way as limiting the scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art will readily conceive of alternative ways of practicing the present application based on the teachings of the present application and it is therefore intended that the present application should be limited only by the scope of the appended claims. Note that when an element is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements can also be present. Where, therefore, an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements can also be present. The terms "connected" and "coupled" should not be construed as being limited to direct connections or couplings. The terms "mounted", "connected", "coupled" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, for example, they can be mechanical connections or electrical connections, or they can be connections between two elements internally, or they can be direct connections or indirect connections through intermediate media, and the specific meaning of the terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances by those skilled in the art. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.

[0073] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0074] As shown in Figures 1 to 4 The present application provides a bio-3D printer nozzle structure for decoupling control of filament and wire, comprising:

[0075] A rotating cartridge structure 5 comprises a rotating cartridge 54 for accommodating printing material, and a rectangular opening nozzle 6 capable of extruding microfilaments with a rectangular cross section is connected to the bottom end of the rotating cartridge 54; the rotating cartridge 54 can rotate around the cartridge center axis to drive the rectangular opening nozzle 6 to rotate at a set deflection angle; the top end of the rotating cartridge 54 is sealingly and slidingly connected to the push rod structure 3; and a temperature control system 4 for controlling the printing temperature is connected to the rotating cartridge 54;

[0076] An extrusion shaft screw module 2 is connected to the push rod structure 3, and the extrusion shaft screw module 2 provides axial extrusion force to the printing material through the push rod structure 3 to form microfilaments from the rectangular opening nozzle 6;

[0077] A nozzle support seat 1 is used to support the extrusion shaft screw module 2 and the rotating cartridge structure 5; the nozzle support seat 1 can move along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the spatial coordinate system to change the spatial coordinate position of the rectangular opening nozzle 6;

[0078] The control part is electrically connected with the rotating barrel structure 5, the extrusion shaft screw module 2 and the nozzle support 1; the deflection angle, the scanning speed and the printing height of the rectangular opening nozzle 6 are adjusted by the control part to decouple the control adjustment of the cross-sectional height and width of the microfilament.

[0079] The application realizes the decoupling control of the height and width of the extruded microfilament by adjusting the deflection angle, the printing height and the scanning speed of the rectangular opening nozzle 6 in real time, and can be used for the construction of natural tissues and organs.

[0080] The filament height and width of the printed microfilament are controllable and adjustable in real time, which has many advantages compared with the prior art.

[0081] (1) The gradient heterogeneous structure of natural tissues can be effectively simulated: for example, the gradient pore distribution of the bone cortex-cancellous bone of the skeleton, the filament width is reduced in the large pore, and the filament width is increased in the small pore; for example, the wedge-shaped structure of the meniscus, the filament height is reduced in the medial white zone, and the filament height is increased in the lateral red zone.

[0082] (2) The variable resolution printing can be realized, and the printing precision and speed are considered: the filament width and the filament height of the printing are flexibly controlled according to different partition structure characteristics, for example, in the area with simple shape and low precision requirement, the filament height and the filament width are increased, and the printing time is shortened; in the area with complex shape and high precision requirement, the filament height and the filament width are reduced, and the printing quality is improved.

[0083] Further, as shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 4 , the rotating barrel structure 5 further includes a rotating platform 55 connected to the nozzle support 1 and a rotating motor 56, the rotating platform 55 includes a platform connecting part 551 (static surface) and a platform rotating part 552 (rotating surface), the platform connecting part 551 is fixedly connected with the nozzle support 1, the platform rotating part 552 is connected with the rotating motor 56 through a transmission structure, the transmission structure can adopt a gear transmission structure, a belt transmission structure and the like; the platform rotating part 552 can rotate relative to the platform connecting part 551 under the drive of the rotating motor 56; the rotating barrel 54 can be connected with the platform rotating part 552, the rotating motor 56 is electrically connected with the control part, the control part drives the platform rotating part 552, the rotating barrel 54 and the rectangular opening nozzle 6 to rotate to the set deflection angle by controlling the rotating motor 56, and the whole control can realize intelligent and accurate control, so as to ensure the accurate control of the deflection angle of the rectangular opening nozzle 6.

[0084] Further, as shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 4As shown, the platform through hole is provided through the rotating platform 55; the bottom end of the platform rotating part 552 is connected with the coaxial positioning sleeve 51, the coaxial positioning sleeve 51 is cylindrical, the lower part of the coaxial positioning sleeve 51 is connected with the barrel shell 53, the barrel shell 53 is hollow cylindrical; the rotating barrel 54 is provided through the platform through hole, the inner cavity of the coaxial positioning sleeve 51 and the inner cavity of the barrel shell 53, and the rotating barrel 54 is fixedly connected with the barrel shell 53; the bottom end of the barrel shell 53 is provided with a shell bottom hole, the hole diameter size of the shell bottom hole is slightly larger than the outer diameter size of the rotating barrel 54, and the bottom end of the rotating barrel 54 penetrates through the shell bottom hole; the concentric positioning structure for adjusting the coaxiality of the barrel shell 53 and the rotating platform 55 is arranged on the side wall of the coaxial positioning sleeve 51; the radial interval between the inner wall of the barrel shell 53 and the outer wall of the rotating barrel 54 constitutes a temperature control system accommodating space, so as to play a protection role on the temperature control system.

[0085] Further, as shown in Figure 4 , Figure 5 , the inner cavity of the coaxial positioning sleeve 51 includes the sleeve upper through hole 511 extending downward from the top end and the sleeve open mouth 512 arranged upward from the bottom end, the hole diameter size of the sleeve open mouth 512 is larger than that of the sleeve upper through hole 511; the sleeve open mouth 512, the sleeve upper through hole 511 and the platform through hole are provided through; the top end of the barrel shell 53 is embedded in the sleeve open mouth 512, and the concentric positioning structure includes the correction screw 57 arranged along the circumference at intervals, one end of the correction screw 57 abuts against the top end side wall of the barrel shell 53. In a specific embodiment, the side wall of the coaxial positioning sleeve 51 is equidistantly distributed with four radially arranged threaded holes, the relative position of the barrel shell 53 and the coaxial positioning sleeve 51 is adjusted by the depth adjustment of the correction screw 57 screwed in.

[0086] Further, as shown in Figure 4 , the top end of the barrel shell 53 is provided with the shell flange 531, the shell flange 531 is embedded in the sleeve open mouth 512, and the hole diameter size of the sleeve open mouth 512 is larger than the outer diameter size of the shell flange 531; one end of the correction screw 57 abuts against the side wall of the shell flange 531 to adjust the coaxiality of the barrel shell 53 and the rotating platform 55; the lower part of the coaxial positioning sleeve 51 is provided with the sleeve cover plate 52, the sleeve cover plate 52 is annular; the sleeve cover plate 52 is connected with the shell flange 531 through the first connecting screw 581, and the sleeve cover plate 52 is connected with the coaxial positioning sleeve 51 through the second connecting screw 582.

[0087] Further, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 4As shown, the rotating barrel 54 includes a through-cylinder part 541 and a tapered cylinder part 542, the tapered cylinder part 542 is located below the bottom end of the barrel shell 53, the through-cylinder part 541 extends upward from the tapered cylinder part 542, the bottom end of the tapered cylinder part 542 is connected to the rectangular opening nozzle 6 in a threaded manner; the outer wall of the rotating barrel 54 is provided with a barrel flange 543 at the bottom end of the barrel shell 53, and the barrel flange 543 is connected to the bottom end of the barrel shell 53 by a third connecting screw 583.

[0088] In order to meet the needs of multi-material printing, the rotating barrel 54 is made of medical-grade stainless steel, which is universal for different materials and process types; it is suitable for both FDM hot melt materials and DIW hydrogel materials.

[0089] Further, as shown in Figure 3a , Figure 3b , the temperature control system 4 adopts a modular design; the temperature control system 4 includes a fixed seat 41 and a temperature control module; the fixed seat 41 includes a seat body 411 with a fan-shaped cross section, which is arranged in the platform through hole and the inner cavity of the coaxial positioning sleeve 51; the top end of the seat body 411 is exposed to the position of the platform through hole, and is provided with a fixed seat flange 412 for connecting the nozzle support seat 1, the fixed seat flange 412 is connected to the nozzle support seat 1 by a fourth connecting screw, and the temperature control system 4 does not rotate; the bottom end of the seat body 411 is provided with a circular ring seat 413, the lower part of the circular ring seat 413 is connected to the temperature control module, and the circular ring seat 413 is provided with a seat through hole for connecting the temperature control module in the circumferential direction. The temperature control module is provided with a module through hole, and the temperature control module is arranged in the temperature control system accommodating space; the rotating barrel 54 passes through the seat body 411 and the module through hole so that the temperature control system can control the temperature of the rotating barrel 54, the aperture size of the module through hole is slightly larger than the outer diameter size of the rotating barrel 54, and a small gap is left between the temperature control module and the rotating barrel 54, and heat is transferred by heat radiation and heat convection.

[0090] In order to meet the needs of multi-material printing, the temperature control module can be replaced according to different materials and process types. When FDM printing of hot melt materials is carried out, an FDM process temperature control module is used, which is unidirectional heating; when DIW printing of hydrogel materials is carried out, a DIW process temperature control module is used, which is bidirectional temperature control.

[0091] Further, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2a , Figure 2bAs shown, the push rod structure 3 comprises a push rod body 30 which is cylindrical; the bottom end of the push rod body 30 is sealed and slid downwardly in the rotating barrel 54, and the push rod body 30 is fixed circumferentially with the rotating barrel 54; the bottom end face of the push rod body 30 is arranged with a sealing ring to prevent leakage of the printing material during extrusion; the top end of the push rod body 30 is connected with a connecting sleeve 37, the top end of the connecting sleeve 37 is rotatably connected with the bottom end of a connecting seat block 31 through a thrust bearing, the connecting seat block 31 is connected with the extrusion shaft screw module 2; the connecting seat block 31 has two longitudinal and transverse support surfaces, the longitudinal support surface is fixed on the extrusion shaft screw module, and the transverse support surface is used for fixing a loose ring 33 of the thrust bearing; the push rod body 30 can rotate with the rotating barrel 54, and the push rod body 30 can push the printing material in the rotating barrel 54 to form a micro-silicon wire from the rectangular opening nozzle 6 under the axial action of the extrusion shaft screw module 2.

[0092] Further, as shown in Figure 2a , the thrust bearing is a plane thrust ball bearing, comprising a tight ring 35, a loose ring 33, a steel ball and a retainer 34; the loose ring 33 is arranged at the bottom end of the connecting seat block 31; the tight ring 35 is arranged at the top end of the connecting sleeve 37.

[0093] Specifically, the connecting seat block 31 extends a horizontal platform, the lower end face of which protrudes a small cylindrical table, and the tight ring 35 of the thrust bearing can be coaxially sleeved. The top end of the connecting sleeve 37 is provided with a circular groove, and the inner circle of the tight ring 35 is tightly clamped with the inner cylindrical surface of the circular groove.

[0094] Further, as shown in Figure 2a , the bottom end of the connecting seat block 31 is detachably connected with a downwardly extending positioning column 36, and the connecting sleeve 37 is axially fixedly rotatably sleeved on the positioning column 36. In a specific embodiment of the present application, the positioning column 36 is connected with the bottom end of the connecting seat block 31 through the fifth connecting screw 32.

[0095] Further, as shown in Figure 2a , the top end of the connecting sleeve 37 is downwardly provided with a stepped hole with a diameter decreasing from top to bottom, the bottom end of the positioning column 36 is provided with a column flange, the positioning column 36 passes through the stepped hole from bottom to top, and the top face of the column flange abuts against the step face of the stepped hole.

[0096] The outer diameter of the column flange is slightly smaller than the large diameter of the stepped hole, and the positioning column 36 has a concentric positioning effect on the connecting sleeve 37; the center of the positioning column 36 is provided with a through hole, and the fifth connecting screw 32 is inserted into the through hole to connect the positioning column 36 with the connecting seat block 31; the column flange supports the connecting sleeve 37, so that the connecting sleeve 37 does not separate from the connecting seat block 31.

[0097] Further, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2aAs shown, the bottom end of the connecting sleeve 37 is provided with a radial through T-shaped slot, and the top end of the push rod body 30 is provided with a rod flange which can be nested in the T-shaped slot, and the bottom end of the connecting sleeve 37 is connected with a fixing screw 38 which can fix the rod flange.

[0098] The upper side of the connecting sleeve 37 is cylindrical, and the lower side has two radial rectangular side walls, and a T-shaped slot is formed in the normal direction of the connecting sleeve 37, so that the rod flange can be transversely inserted into the T-shaped slot; the bottom end has a threaded hole, and the push rod body 30 is clamped and fixed by screwing in the fixing screw 38.

[0099] Further, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2a The top end of the rotating barrel 54 is connected with a rotating positioning buckle 39 which can be buckled on the outside of the push rod body 30, and the rotating positioning buckle 39 is provided with a limiting protrusion, and the sidewall of the push rod body 30 is provided with a guide groove (a long and narrow groove), and the guide groove has a shape which is complementary to the limiting protrusion; the guide groove is slidingly sleeved on the limiting protrusion to fix the push rod body 30 in the circumferential direction relative to the rotating barrel 54, so that the two are kept synchronous rotation.

[0100] The rotating positioning buckle 39 is semi-cylindrical and symmetrically distributed in the radial direction of the rotating barrel 54, and is fixedly connected with the rotating barrel 54 by screws; the two rotating positioning buckles 39 are respectively provided with limiting protrusions, and the two are kept synchronous rotation by inserting the limiting protrusions into the guide grooves on the two sides of the push rod body 30.

[0101] Further, as shown in Figure 1 The extrusion shaft screw module 2 includes an extrusion shaft motor 21, a screw 22 and a sliding block 23, the screw 22 is vertically connected to the nozzle support seat 1, the top end of the screw 22 is connected with the extrusion shaft motor 21, the sliding block 23 is slidingly sleeved on the screw 22, the extrusion shaft motor 21 drives the screw 22 to rotate to drive the sliding block 23 to move along the screw 22; the connecting seat block 31 is connected to the sliding block 23; the extrusion shaft motor 21 is electrically connected with the control part. The sliding block 23 is connected with the push rod body 30, and by accurately controlling the position of the sliding block 23, the bidirectional displacement of the push rod body 30 in the axial direction is realized, and the downward displacement is extrusion and the upward displacement is retraction.

[0102] Further, as shown in Figure 1As shown, the nozzle support seat 1 includes a longitudinal support part 11 and a transverse support part 12 for fixing the position of each component and providing mechanical support. One end of the transverse support part 12 is fixedly connected with one side of the longitudinal support part 11; the longitudinal support part 11 is connected to a three-dimensional motion platform (which can adopt the prior art and can realize motion along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the space coordinate system) below the transverse support part 12; the longitudinal support part 11 is connected to the extrusion shaft screw module 2 (which is threadedly connected to the longitudinal support part 11) above the transverse support part 12; and the rotating barrel structure 5 is connected to the transverse support part 12.

[0103] Reinforcing ribs are arranged between the longitudinal support part 11 and the transverse support part 12 to strengthen the structural strength and reduce mechanical deformation during extrusion.

[0104] The transverse support part 12 is provided with a semicircular groove, and the fixing seat flange 412 can be placed in the semicircular groove; at the same time, the top part has equidistant countersunk holes in the tangential direction for fixed connection with the nozzle support frame.

[0105] The printing method of the nozzle structure of the biological 3D printer with decoupled control of wire height and wire width according to the present application comprises the following steps:

[0106] Step a, install the nozzle structure of the biological 3D printer with decoupled control of wire height and wire width according to the present application on the printer, and temporarily do not install the push rod structure 3;

[0107] Step b, start the printer (prior art), set the printing temperature of the temperature control system and keep the rotating barrel structure 5 warm;

[0108] Step c, inject printing material into the rotating barrel 54 and install the push rod structure 3;

[0109] Step d, perform concentric correction on the position of the rectangular opening nozzle 6;

[0110] Step e, according to the wire height and wire width requirements of different parts of the model, perform slicing operation on the model and generate G code instructions, which contain displacement information of three-dimensional motion axes (X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the space coordinate system), extrusion shafts (extrusion shaft screw module 2 and push rod body 30) and rotating shafts (rotating barrel 54);

[0111] Step f, during the printing process, set the printing parameters according to the control model, and adjust the deflection angle, scanning speed and printing height of the rectangular opening nozzle 6 to change the height and width of the extruded micro-wire section in real time.

[0112] In step f, the printing parameters are set according to the following control model:

[0113]

[0114] h p = K * h f ;

[0115]

[0116] where v s is the scanning speed, h p is the printing height, K is the control coefficient, d e is the push rod body diameter, v e is the push rod body extrusion speed, w f is the micro-filament width, h f is the micro-filament height, d n is the width of the rectangular opening, w n is the length of the rectangular opening, and θ is the angle between the normal direction of the rectangular opening and the scanning speed direction.

[0117] Example 1

[0118] Stator and rotor of the printing process

[0119] During the printing process, the push rod body 30 should be kept in synchronous rotation with the rotating barrel structure 5; otherwise, the push rod body 30 will rotate relative to the rotating barrel structure 5, which will introduce a turbulent rotational flow field to the printing material between them, affecting the printing effect.

[0120] In order to realize the above functions while maintaining the original axial thrust transmission function of the push rod body 30, the push rod structure 3 is improved in two aspects. On the one hand, as shown in Figure 2b , the guide grooves on both sides of the push rod body 30 can be nested and engaged with the limiting protrusions on the inner wall of the rotating positioning buckle 39; when the rotating barrel 54 rotates, it will drive the push rod body 30 to rotate synchronously through the rotating positioning buckle 39. On the other hand, as shown in Figure 2a , the rod flange on the upper end surface of the push rod body 30 is embedded into the T-shaped groove of the connecting sleeve 37, and is fixed on the upper end surface of the T-shaped groove through the fixing screw 38, realizing the fixed connection of the two; the fifth connecting screw 32 passes through the through hole in the center of the positioning column 36, and is fixed with the connecting seat block 31.

[0121] Therefore, as Figure 4As shown, coaxial positioning sleeve 51, sleeve cover plate 52, cartridge shell 53, rotating cartridge 54, push rod body 30, rotating positioning buckle 39, connecting sleeve 37, tight ring 35 of thrust bearing, rectangular open nozzle 6 together constitute a rotor; connecting seat block 31, loose ring 33 of thrust bearing, positioning column 36 together constitute a stator. Rotary motor 56 drives the entire rotor to rotate through platform rotating part 552, and the stator and the rotor transmit axial thrust through the thrust bearing while reducing the friction torque introduced by rotation. In addition, the column flange at the bottom end of the positioning column 36 supports the connecting sleeve 37, ensuring that the connecting seat block 31 does not separate from each other whether it is pressed downward or lifted upward; the positioning effect of the positioning column 36 also helps to reduce the wear of the thrust bearing.

[0122] The installation process of the push rod is as follows:

[0123] (1) Raise the connecting seat block 31 to the top end of the lead screw 22;

[0124] (2) Insert the top end of the push rod body 30 into the connecting sleeve 37;

[0125] (3) Move the push rod body 30 downward until the bottom end is just inserted into the rotating cartridge 54;

[0126] (4) Adjust the rotation angle of the push rod body 30 so that the guide grooves on both sides are aligned with the limiting protrusions of the rotating positioning buckle 39;

[0127] (5) Install the rotating positioning buckle 39 and nest it with the push rod body 30.

[0128] Example 2

[0129] Concentric correction of rectangular open nozzle 6

[0130] Due to machining and assembly errors, the center of the opening of the rectangular open nozzle 6 and the center of rotation of the rotating platform 55 are deviated in position. In order to control the printing accuracy, the concentricity of the two needs to be corrected to 0.01mm. Because the coaxial positioning sleeve 51 and the cartridge shell 53 are respectively fixed with the rotating platform 55 and the rectangular open nozzle 6, only the relative position of the former needs to be corrected to achieve the purpose of concentric correction. A high-definition macro camera (prior art) is arranged directly below the rectangular open nozzle 6, and the center thereof is identified through a machine vision algorithm. The imaging parameters of the macro camera are designed to ensure that the resolution of a single pixel point is better than 0.005mm. The specific process of the visual correction algorithm is as shown in Figure 6a The identification effect of the rectangular nozzle center is as shown in Figure 6b .

[0131] The specific correction steps are as follows:

[0132] (1) Loosen the first connecting screw 581 between the coaxial positioning sleeve cover plate 52 and the barrel shell 53;

[0133] (2) Control the forward and reverse rotation of the rotating platform 55, observe the position change of the center of the rectangular opening nozzle 6, and adjust the depth of the four correction screws 57, respectively. The shell flange 531 side wall of the barrel shell 53 is pressed to make the barrel shell 53 position slightly move, as shown in Figure 5

[0134] (3) Repeat step (2) until the center of the rectangular opening nozzle 6 no longer changes when it rotates forward and backward;

[0135] (4) Tighten the first connecting screw 581 between the coaxial positioning sleeve cover plate 52 and the barrel shell 53, and the concentric correction is completed.

[0136] Example 3

[0137] Temperature control system

[0138] The temperature control system 4 is fixedly connected with the nozzle support base 1 through the fixing seat 41 and does not rotate. A small gap is left between the temperature control module and the rotating barrel 54 to transfer heat through thermal radiation and heat convection. According to different process types, the design of the temperature control module is different. Here, the FDM process and the DIW process are taken as examples to elaborate the design of the temperature control module.

[0139] As shown in Figure 3a , the temperature control range of the FDM process temperature control module is 30-200℃, and the core part is the heating cylinder 42. The heating cylinder 42 is coaxially placed with the rotating barrel 54, and its inner diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the rotating barrel 54. One end of the opening is connected with the fixing seat 41, so as to fix the heating cylinder 42 on the nozzle support base 1. The heating cylinder 42 is connected with the external temperature control heating device, and the spiral black heating wire is embedded on the cylindrical side wall surface, so as to realize the heating and temperature control of the printing material in the barrel.

[0140] As shown in Figure 3b ​As shown, the DIW process temperature control module has a temperature control range of 5-40℃. Based on water-cooled heat conduction, it consists of a semiconductor chip 43, a water-cooling head 44, a heat-conducting sleeve 45, a temperature sensor 46, and a fastening base 47. It is connected to external temperature control devices such as water pumps, fans, and temperature controllers via water pipes and wires. The upper part of the heat-conducting sleeve 45 is a thin-walled hollow cylindrical tube with an inner diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the rotating material cylinder 54, and it is placed coaxially with the rotating material cylinder 54. Its top end has a flange structure, which is fixed to the fixing base 41. Its radial ends are rectangular sidewalls, used to fix the lug-type temperature sensor 46 for accurate temperature measurement. The lower part of the heat-conducting sleeve 45 is a square base structure, which is tightly attached to the semiconductor chip 43 on both sides. At the same time, the semiconductor chip 43 is tightly attached to the water-cooling head 44. All contact surfaces are coated with thermally conductive material to achieve efficient heat conduction. The fastening base 47 has through holes on both the front and rear sides, which are fixed to the heat-conducting sleeve 45 by screws; it also has threaded holes on the left and right sides, which are screwed into to tightly press the semiconductor plate 43 and the water-cooling head 44 against the square base of the heat-conducting sleeve 45. The semiconductor plate 43 achieves cooling and heating by applying positive and negative voltages to it.

[0141] Example 4

[0142] Decoupling control of wire height and wire width based on rectangular opening nozzle

[0143] The microfilaments extruded by the rectangular nozzle 6 have a rectangular cross-sectional shape. Their height and width can be decoupled and controlled by adjusting process parameters (scanning speed, rotation angle, and printing height). The process parameter settings can be referenced in the following control model:

[0144]

[0145] h p =K*h f —(2);

[0146]

[0147] Among them, v s h represents the scanning speed. p Where d is the print height, K is the control factor, and d is the print height. e v is the diameter of the piston rod. e w is the piston rod extrusion speed. f h is the width of the microfilament. f d represents the height of the microfilament. n w is the width of the rectangular opening. n Let θ be the length of the rectangular opening, and θ be the angle between the normal of the rectangular opening and the scanning speed direction.

[0148] Generally, due to the viscosity of the printing material, the response to changes in extrusion speed is delayed and difficult to adjust flexibly, so the extrusion speed is kept constant.

[0149] Change the wire height: as shown in Figure 7a , Figure 7b , the scanning speed and the printing height are dynamically adjusted according to the control model to realize real-time adjustment of the wire height. The specific adjustment mode is to adjust the scanning speed and the printing height according to the control model (1) (2) to make the micro-wire height h f equal to K times the rectangular opening width d n , that is, the control model (2). The scanning speed is increased and the printing height is reduced synchronously, which can reduce the micro-wire height h f and improve the printing resolution of the Z-axis; vice versa. The experimental results of controlling the wire height by using the above method are shown in Figure 7c . The wire height of the extruded micro-wire gradually decreases from left to right (the three highlighted parts in the figure are the printed micro-wires).

[0150] Change the wire width: as shown in Figure 8a , Figure 8b , the scanning speed and the deflection angle are dynamically adjusted according to the control model to realize real-time adjustment of the wire width. The specific adjustment mode is to adjust the scanning speed v s and the deflection angle θ of the rotating motor according to the control model (1) (3) to make the micro-wire width w f equal to the projection of the rectangular opening length w n in the scanning speed direction, that is, the control model (3). The scanning speed and the deflection angle are increased synchronously, which can reduce the micro-wire width w f and improve the printing resolution of the XY plane; vice versa. The experimental results of controlling the wire width by using the above method are shown in Figure 8c . The wire width of the extruded micro-wire gradually decreases from left to right (the light-colored part in the figure is the printed micro-wire).

[0151] Example 5

[0152] Multi-material printing

[0153] The bio-3D printer nozzle structure of the wire height and wire width decoupling control of the application can be applied to various printing materials and processes after replacing different temperature control modules; multi-material printing is realized by combining multiple nozzle structures of the application. In the example, one nozzle structure adopts an FDM process temperature control module to print polycaprolactone (PCL); another nozzle structure adopts a DIW process temperature control module to print methacrylated gelatin (GelMA); multi-material printing is carried out by switching the nozzle structure, as shown in Figure 9 .

[0154] As described above, the bio-3D printer nozzle structure and printing method of the wire height and wire width decoupling control of the application have the following beneficial effects:

[0155] The application realizes decoupled control of the height and width of the extruded microfilament by adjusting the deflection angle, printing height and scanning speed of the rectangular opening nozzle in real time, and can be used for construction of natural tissue organs.

[0156] The filament height and width of the printed microfilament are controllable and adjustable in real time, and have many advantages compared with the prior art:

[0157] (1) The gradient heterogeneous structure of natural tissues can be effectively simulated: for example, the gradient pore distribution of the bone cortex-cancellous bone of the skeleton, the filament width is reduced in the large pore, and the filament width is increased in the small pore; for example, the wedge-shaped structure of the meniscus, the filament height is reduced in the medial white zone, and the filament height is increased in the lateral red zone.

[0158] (2) Variable resolution printing can be realized, and the printing precision and speed are considered: for different partition structure characteristics, the filament width and filament height of printing are flexibly controlled, for example, in the area with simple shape and low precision requirement, the filament height and filament width are increased, and the printing time is shortened; in the area with complex shape and high precision requirement, the filament height and filament width are reduced, and the printing quality is improved.

[0159] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the application. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principle of the application shall fall within the scope of the protection of the application.

Claims

1. A printing method of a filament height and width decoupled control biological 3D printer nozzle structure, characterized in that, the filament height and width decoupled control biological 3D printer nozzle structure comprises: a rotating barrel structure comprising a rotating barrel for accommodating printing material, a rectangular opening nozzle capable of extruding a micro filament with a rectangular cross section being connected to the bottom end of the rotating barrel; the rotating barrel can rotate around a barrel center axis to drive the rectangular opening nozzle to rotate at a set deflection angle; the top end of the rotating barrel is connected to a push rod structure through sliding sealing; the rotating barrel is connected to a temperature control system for controlling the printing temperature; an extrusion shaft screw module connected to the push rod structure, the extrusion shaft screw module provides axial extrusion force to the printing material through the push rod structure to form a micro filament from the rectangular opening nozzle; a nozzle support seat for supporting the extrusion shaft screw module and the rotating barrel structure; the nozzle support seat can move along the X, Y and Z axes of the spatial coordinate system to change the spatial coordinate position of the rectangular opening nozzle; a control unit, the rotating barrel structure, the extrusion shaft screw module and the nozzle support seat are electrically connected to the control unit; the deflection angle, scanning speed and printing height of the rectangular opening nozzle are adjusted by the control unit to decouple and control the cross-sectional height and width of the micro filament; the printing method of the filament height and width decoupled control biological 3D printer nozzle structure comprises the following steps: step a, install the filament height and width decoupled control biological 3D printer nozzle structure on the printer, and temporarily do not install the push rod structure; step b, start the printer, set the printing temperature of the temperature control system and heat the rotating barrel structure; step c, inject printing material into the rotating barrel and install the push rod structure; step d, perform concentricity correction on the position of the rectangular opening nozzle; step e, according to the requirements of filament height and width of different parts of the model, perform slicing operation on the model and generate G code instructions containing displacement information of three-dimensional motion axis, extrusion shaft and rotating shaft; step f, during the printing process, set the printing parameters according to the control model, and change the height and width of the cross section of the extruded micro filament in real time by adjusting the deflection angle, scanning speed and printing height of the rectangular opening nozzle; the control model in step f comprises: h p = K * h f ; where v s is the scan speed, h p is the print height, K is the control coefficient, d e is the pushrod body diameter, v e is the pushrod body extrusion speed, w f is the microfilament width, h f is the microfilament height, d n is the width of the rectangular opening, w n is the length of the rectangular opening, and θ is the angle between the normal of the rectangular opening and the scan speed direction.

2. The method of printing of a silk high silk wide decoupled control bio 3D printer nozzle structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the rotating barrel structure further comprises a rotating platform and a rotating motor connected to the nozzle support seat, the rotating platform comprises a platform connecting part and a platform rotating part, the platform connecting part is fixedly connected to the nozzle support seat, the platform rotating part is connected to the rotating motor through a transmission structure, and the platform rotating part can rotate relative to the platform connecting part under the drive of the rotating motor; the rotating barrel can be connected to the platform rotating part, the rotating motor is electrically connected to the control unit, and the control unit drives the platform rotating part, the rotating barrel and the rectangular opening nozzle to rotate at a set deflection angle by controlling the rotating motor.

3. The method of printing of claim 2, wherein, The rotating platform is provided with a platform through hole; the bottom end of the platform rotating part is connected with a coaxial positioning sleeve, the lower part of the coaxial positioning sleeve is connected with a barrel shell, the rotating barrel passes through the platform through hole, the inner cavity of the coaxial positioning sleeve and the inner cavity of the barrel shell, and the rotating barrel is fixedly connected with the barrel shell; the side wall of the coaxial positioning sleeve is provided with a concentric positioning structure for adjusting the coaxiality of the barrel shell and the rotating platform; the inner wall of the barrel shell and the outer wall of the rotating barrel are radially spaced to form a temperature control system accommodating space.

4. The method of printing of a silk high silk wide decoupled control bio 3D printer nozzle structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein, The inner cavity of the coaxial positioning sleeve includes a sleeve upper through hole extending downward from the top end and a sleeve opening extending upward from the bottom end, the hole diameter of the sleeve opening is larger than the hole diameter of the sleeve upper through hole; the sleeve opening, the sleeve upper through hole and the platform through hole are throughly arranged; the top end of the barrel shell is embedded in the sleeve opening, and the concentric positioning structure includes correction screws arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, one end of the correction screw abuts against the top end side wall of the barrel shell.

5. The method of printing of a silk high silk wide decoupled control bio 3D printer nozzle structure as claimed in claim 4, wherein, The top end of the barrel shell is provided with a shell flange embedded in the sleeve opening, the hole diameter of the sleeve opening is larger than the outer diameter of the shell flange; one end of the correction screw abuts against the side wall of the shell flange to adjust the coaxiality of the barrel shell and the rotating platform; the lower part of the coaxial positioning sleeve is provided with a sleeve cover plate, the sleeve cover plate is connected with the shell flange through a first connecting screw, and the sleeve cover plate is connected with the coaxial positioning sleeve through a second connecting screw.

6. The method of printing of a silk high silk wide decoupled control bio 3D printer nozzle structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein, The rotating barrel includes a cylindrical part and a conical part arranged in sequence, the conical part is located below the bottom end of the barrel shell, the cylindrical part extends upward from the conical part, and the bottom end of the conical part is connected with the rectangular opening nozzle in sequence; a barrel flange is arranged on the outer wall of the rotating barrel below the bottom end of the barrel shell, and the barrel flange is connected with the bottom end of the barrel shell through a third connecting screw.

7. The method of printing of a silk high silk wide decoupled control bio 3D printer nozzle structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein, The temperature control system includes a fixed seat and a temperature control module; the fixed seat includes a seat body with a fan-shaped cross section, the seat body passes through the platform through hole and the inner cavity of the coaxial positioning sleeve; the top end of the seat body is exposed to the position of the platform through hole and is provided with a fixed seat flange for connecting the shower head support seat, the fixed seat flange is connected to the shower head support seat through a fourth connecting screw; the bottom end of the seat body is provided with a circular ring seat, the lower part of the circular ring seat is connected with the temperature control module, the temperature control module is provided with a module through hole, and the temperature control module is arranged in the temperature control system accommodating space; the rotating barrel passes through the seat body and the module through hole so that the temperature control system can control the temperature of the rotating barrel.

8. The method of printing of claim 2, wherein, The push rod structure comprises a push rod body, a bottom end of the push rod body is sealed and slid downward in the rotating barrel, and the push rod body and the rotating barrel are circumferentially fixed; a top end of the push rod body is connected with a connecting sleeve, a top end of the connecting sleeve is rotatably connected with a bottom end of a connecting seat block through a thrust bearing, and the connecting seat block is connected with the extrusion shaft screw module; The push rod body can rotate with the rotating barrel, and the push rod body can push the printing material in the rotating barrel to be extruded from the rectangular opening nozzle to form micro wires under the axial action of the extrusion shaft screw module.

9. The method of printing of a silk high silk wide decoupled control bio 3D printer nozzle structure as claimed in claim 8, wherein, The thrust bearing comprises a tight ring, a loose ring, a steel ball and a retainer; the loose ring is arranged at the bottom end of the connecting seat block; and the tight ring is arranged at the top end of the connecting sleeve.

10. The method of printing of a silk high silk wide decoupled controlled bio 3D printer nozzle structure as claimed in claim 8, wherein, The bottom end of the connecting seat block is detachably connected with a downwardly extending positioning column, and the connecting sleeve is axially fixedly rotatably arranged on the positioning column.

11. The method of printing of a silk high silk wide decoupled control bio 3D printer nozzle structure as claimed in claim 10, wherein, The top end of the connecting sleeve is downwardly provided with a stepped hole with a diameter decreasing from top to bottom, the bottom end of the positioning column is provided with a column flange, the positioning column passes through the stepped hole from bottom to top, and the top surface of the column flange abuts against the step surface of the stepped hole.

12. The method of printing of a silk high silk wide decoupled controlled bio 3D printer nozzle structure as claimed in claim 11, wherein, The bottom end of the connecting sleeve is upwardly provided with a T-shaped slot penetrating in the radial direction, the top end of the push rod body is provided with a rod flange capable of being nested in the T-shaped slot, and the bottom end of the connecting sleeve is connected with a fixing screw capable of fixing the rod flange.

13. The method of printing of a silk high silk wide decoupled controlled bio 3D printer nozzle structure as claimed in claim 8, wherein, The top end of the rotating barrel is connected with a rotating positioning buckle capable of being buckled on the outside of the push rod body, a limiting protrusion is arranged on the rotating positioning buckle, a guide groove is arranged on the side wall of the push rod body, and the guide groove is slidably arranged on the limiting protrusion to fix the push rod body relative to the rotating barrel in the circumferential direction.

14. The method of printing of a silk high silk wide decoupled controlled bio 3D printer nozzle structure as claimed in claim 8, wherein, The extrusion shaft screw module comprises an extrusion shaft motor, a lead screw and a sliding block, the lead screw is vertically connected to the nozzle support seat, the top end of the lead screw is connected with the extrusion shaft motor, the sliding block is slidably arranged on the lead screw, the extrusion shaft motor drives the lead screw to rotate to drive the sliding block to move along the lead screw, the connecting seat block is connected to the sliding block, and the extrusion shaft motor is electrically connected with the control part.

15. The method of printing of a silk high silk wide decoupled control bio 3D printer nozzle structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The nozzle support seat comprises a longitudinal support part and a transverse support part, one end of the transverse support part is fixedly connected with one side of the longitudinal support part, the longitudinal support part is connected to a three-dimensional motion platform below the transverse support part, the longitudinal support part is connected with the extrusion shaft screw module above the transverse support part, and the rotating barrel structure is connected to the transverse support part.

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