A battery heating device control system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of electric forklifts, and more specifically, to a battery heating device control system, including a heat source transmission module, a heat source absorption module, and a vehicle controller, wherein the heat source transmission module includes a water pump, a radiator, and a motor with a water channel connected through a pipeline to form a circulating waterway, and the heat source absorption module includes a water pump, a heat exchanger, and a power battery with a water channel connected through a pipeline to form a circulating waterway, and temperature sensors are installed on the surfaces of the motor and the power battery, and the water pump and the temperature sensor in the heat source transmission module and the heat source absorption module are respectively connected to the vehicle controller. When the present invention is in use, the temperature information detected by the corresponding device is transmitted to the vehicle controller according to the temperature sensor, and the vehicle controller adjusts the rotation speed of the corresponding water pump according to the information, affects the flow rate of the water flow, and then changes the heat exchange rate between the radiator and the heat exchanger, so as to achieve the temperature management of the power battery without using the energy storage of the power battery itself.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric forklifts, and in particular to a battery heating device control system. Background Art

[0002] As a modern handling tool, electric forklifts are widely used in logistics, warehousing, manufacturing and other fields. With the advantages of zero emissions, low noise and high efficiency, they have gradually replaced traditional internal combustion forklifts and become an important direction for the development of industrial vehicles. Among the many components of electric forklifts, power batteries are its core components. They not only provide the energy required for the operation of the forklift, but also directly determine the power performance, work efficiency and user experience of the forklift. Therefore, the performance of the power battery is crucial to the normal operation and reliability of the electric forklift.

[0003] At present, power batteries usually use lithium-ion batteries or lead-acid batteries. Their working principle is based on electrochemical reactions, which convert chemical energy inside the battery into electrical energy. However, the performance of power batteries in low temperature environments is often greatly reduced. The reason is that as the temperature decreases, the chemical reaction rate inside the battery will slow down, resulting in a weakened discharge capacity of the battery and a corresponding reduction in energy storage. This not only directly affects the working time and load capacity of the forklift, but may also cause problems such as the battery failing to start, which seriously limits the application scope of electric forklifts in low temperature environments.

[0004] In order to solve the problem of power battery performance degradation in low temperature environments, some existing methods use the power battery's own electrical energy for conversion to generate heat to heat the battery, or use external heat sources such as heat generated by the operation of a motor to directly heat the power battery, but both methods have problems.

[0005] Although using the power battery's own electrical energy to convert and generate heat can alleviate the impact of low temperature on the power battery's performance to a certain extent, it also consumes the power battery's own energy storage, thereby shortening the electric forklift's battery life and affecting its operating efficiency and range. Using the heat generated by the motor's operation to directly heat the power battery is due to the direct contact between the motor and the power battery or heat conduction using air as the medium, which leads to uneven power heating or heat waste, and cannot effectively meet the power battery's temperature management needs under cold conditions.

[0006] In view of this, we propose a battery heating device control system. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a battery heating device control system to achieve temperature management of a power battery without utilizing the energy storage of the power battery itself.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A battery heating device control system comprises a heat source transmission module, a heat source absorption module and a vehicle controller, wherein the heat source transmission module comprises a first water pump, a radiator and a motor with a water channel therein, wherein the motor, the first water pump and the radiator are connected by a pipeline to form a circulating water channel; a temperature sensor t1 is installed on the surface of the motor, and the first water pump and the temperature sensor t1 are respectively connected to the vehicle controller, wherein the temperature sensor t1 monitors the surface temperature of the motor in real time and transmits the information to the vehicle controller, and the vehicle controller issues an instruction according to the information transmitted by the temperature sensor t1 to adjust the rotation speed of the first water pump; the heat source absorption module comprises a second water pump, a heat exchanger and a power battery with a water channel therein, wherein the power battery, the second water pump and the heat exchanger are connected by a pipeline to form a circulating water channel; a temperature sensor t2 is installed on the surface of the power battery, and the second water pump and the temperature sensor t2 are respectively connected to the vehicle controller, wherein the temperature sensor t2 monitors the surface temperature of the power battery in real time and transmits the information to the vehicle controller, and the vehicle controller issues an instruction according to the information transmitted by the temperature sensor t2 to adjust the rotation speed of the second water pump; the heat emitted by the radiator is absorbed by the heat exchanger.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the water inlet of the water channel in the motor is fixedly connected to the water outlet of the first water pump, the water inlet of the first water pump is fixedly connected to the water outlet of the radiator, and the water inlet of the radiator is fixedly connected to the water outlet of the water channel in the motor.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the water inlet of the water channel in the power battery is fixedly connected to the water outlet of the second water pump, the water inlet of the second water pump is fixedly connected to the water outlet of the heat exchanger, and the water inlet of the heat exchanger is fixedly connected to the water outlet of the water channel in the power battery.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: a fan is installed on the outside of the radiator away from the heat exchanger, and a driving machine that drives the fan to rotate is connected to a vehicle controller. The vehicle controller transmits information through temperature sensors t1 and t2 to issue instructions and adjust the speed of the output shaft of the driving machine.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: a control module is further connected between the vehicle controller and the drive motor, and the control module receives instructions transmitted by the vehicle controller, changes the polarity of the voltage at both ends of the drive motor, and adjusts the rotation direction of the output shaft of the drive motor.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. In the control system of the battery heating device, the temperature sensor detects the temperature information of the corresponding device and transmits this information to the vehicle controller. After receiving the temperature information, the vehicle controller automatically adjusts the speed of the corresponding water pump according to the preset control strategy. The change of the water pump speed will directly affect the flow rate of the water flow, thereby changing the heat exchange rate between the radiator and the heat exchanger. In this way, the temperature of the power battery can be effectively managed without consuming the energy storage of the power battery itself;

[0016] 2. In the control system of the battery heating device, the speed and rotation direction of the output shaft of the driving machine driving the fan are adjusted to change the direction of heat dissipation from the radiator, thereby further controlling the heat exchange rate between the radiator and the heat exchanger. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this scheme;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the battery heating device control system of this scheme.

[0019] The meaning of each number in the figure is:

[0020] 1. Motor; 2. First water pump; 3. Fan; 4. Radiator; 5. Heat exchanger; 6. Second water pump; 7. Power battery; 8. Control module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example

[0023] At present, the performance of batteries in low temperature environments is often greatly reduced. In the existing method, the electric energy of the power battery 7 itself is converted to generate heat. Although the influence of low temperature on the performance of the power battery 7 is alleviated to a certain extent, the energy storage of the power battery 7 itself is also consumed, thereby shortening the endurance of the electric forklift and affecting its operating efficiency and range; while using the heat generated by the operation of the motor 1 to directly heat the power battery 7, the motor 1 is in direct contact with the power battery 7 or conducts heat through air as a medium, resulting in uneven power heating or heat waste, and the temperature management requirements of the power battery 7 under cold conditions cannot be effectively met;

[0024] Therefore, please refer to Figure 1and Figure 2 As shown, the purpose of this embodiment is to provide a battery heating device control system, including a heat source transmission module, a heat source absorption module and a vehicle controller. In view of the fact that the motor 1 of the forklift continuously generates heat during use, in order to effectively utilize this heat source, the heat source transmission module includes a first water pump 2, a radiator 4 and a motor 1 with a water channel inside, and these three are connected by a pipeline to form a closed water circulation system. The heat generated by the motor 1 during operation can be taken away by the water flow in the water channel; in order to ensure that the motor 1 will not be damaged due to overheating, a temperature sensor t1 is installed on the surface of the motor 1, and the sensor is connected to the vehicle controller. The first water pump 2 is connected to the vehicle controller, which can monitor the surface temperature of the motor 1 in real time and feed the data back to the vehicle controller; at the same time, in order to realize the temperature control of the heat source transmission module, the first water pump 2 is also connected to the vehicle controller, and the vehicle controller intelligently adjusts the speed of the first water pump 2 according to the temperature sensor t1 data, so as to realize the precise control of the temperature of the motor 1. The specific control strategy is: when the temperature sensor t1 detects that the surface temperature of the motor 1 exceeds 35°C (the temperature value can be preset, and the present embodiment takes the value as 35°C as an example), the first water pump 2 rotates, and the higher the temperature value, the higher the speed of the first water pump 2;

[0025] The heat source absorption module includes a power battery 7, a second water pump 6 and a heat exchanger 5. In order to heat the power battery 7 as a whole, a water channel is arranged inside the power battery 7. The power battery 7, the second water pump 6 and the heat exchanger 5 are connected by a pipeline to form another closed water circulation system. In order to monitor the power battery 7 in real time, a temperature sensor t2 is installed on the surface of the power battery 7. At the same time, a temperature sensor t2 is also installed on the surface of the power battery 7. The sensor is connected to the vehicle controller and can monitor the surface temperature of the battery in real time and feed back the data to the vehicle controller. At the same time, in order to realize temperature control of the power battery 7, the second water pump 6 is also connected to the vehicle controller. The temperature sensor t2 monitors the surface temperature of the power battery 7 in real time and transmits the information to the vehicle controller. The vehicle controller The information transmitted by the sensor t2 is used to issue instructions to adjust the speed of the second water pump 6. The specific control strategy is: taking the temperature of 0°C (the temperature value can be preset, and the present embodiment takes the value set to 0°C as an example) as the dividing point, when the temperature sensor t2 detects that the surface temperature of the power battery 7 is higher or lower, the speed of the second water pump 6 is higher, and the rotation is faster and faster; the radiator 4 is responsible for dissipating the heat generated by the motor 1, and the heat is then absorbed by the heat exchanger 5 and transferred to the water circulation system of the power battery 7. In order to avoid the problem of local overheating caused by the direct fitting installation of the radiator 4 and the heat exchanger 5, a certain space is reserved between the radiator 4 and the heat exchanger 5. This space not only helps to evenly transfer heat, but also prevents overheating on the side of the heat exchanger 5 close to the radiator 4.

[0026] Furthermore, the installation of the motor 1, the first water pump 2 and the radiator 4 is introduced, the water inlet of the water channel in the motor 1 is fixedly connected to the water outlet of the first water pump 2 through a pipe, the water inlet of the first water pump 2 is fixedly connected to the water outlet of the radiator 4 through a pipe, and the water inlet of the radiator 4 is fixedly connected to the water outlet of the water channel in the motor 1 through a pipe, thereby forming a water circulation of the motor 1, the first water pump 2 and the radiator 4; similarly, the installation of the power battery 7, the second water pump 6 and the heat exchanger 5 is introduced, the water inlet of the water channel in the power battery 7 is fixedly connected to the water outlet of the second water pump 6 through a pipe, the water inlet of the second water pump 6 is fixedly connected to the water outlet of the heat exchanger 5 through a pipe, and the water inlet of the heat exchanger 5 is fixedly connected to the water outlet of the water channel in the power battery 7 through a pipe, thereby forming a water circulation of the power battery 7, the second water pump 6 and the heat exchanger 5.

[0027] Since the heat transfer between the radiator 4 and the heat exchanger 5 mainly relies on heat radiation, this passive transfer mode results in a relatively low heat absorption efficiency of the heat exchanger 5. In order to improve the heat absorption efficiency of the heat exchanger 5, a fan 3 is additionally provided on the side of the radiator 4 away from the heat exchanger 5. When the fan 3 rotates, the airflow generated by it can effectively take away the heat on the surface of the radiator 4 and accelerate the transfer of the heat to the vicinity of the heat exchanger 5, thereby enhancing the convective heat transfer effect between the radiator 4 and the heat exchanger 5. This change not only improves the heat transfer efficiency, but also significantly improves the heat absorption capacity of the heat exchanger 5.

[0028] At the same time, considering that the temperature of the power battery 7 requires different amounts of heat at different stages, the driving machine that drives the fan 3 to rotate is connected to the vehicle controller, and the vehicle controller transmits information through the temperature sensor t1 and the temperature sensor t2. Based on this information, the vehicle controller will issue instructions to adjust the speed of the output shaft of the driving machine. Specifically, the temperature that the power battery 7 needs to increase is proportional to the speed of the output shaft of the driving machine: when the temperature sensor t2 detects that the surface temperature of the power battery 7 is lower than 0°C, and the temperature value is getting lower and lower, it means that the power battery 7 has more heating requirements, and the vehicle controller will instruct the driving machine to speed up, thereby enhancing the airflow intensity of the fan 3 and improving the heat transfer efficiency; on the contrary, when the temperature sensor t2 detects that the surface temperature of the power battery 7 is lower than 0°C, but the temperature value is gradually approaching 0°C, it means that the power battery 7 has less and less heating requirements, and the speed of the driving machine will be slowed down accordingly to maintain a suitable heat transfer rate, so as to achieve automatic regulation and precise control of heat;

[0029] At the same time, under actual low temperature conditions, the heating of the power battery 7 during use is also taken into consideration. In order to prevent the power battery 7 from overheating, the radiator 4 cannot always output heat to the heat exchanger 5. Therefore, a control module 8 is further provided between the vehicle controller and the driving machine that drives the fan 3 to rotate. The control module 8 can receive instructions from the vehicle controller and adjust the rotation direction of the output shaft of the driving machine by changing the polarity of the voltage at both ends of the driving machine. When the temperature sensor t2 detects that the surface temperature of the power battery 7 is higher than 0°C, the control module 8 will respond quickly. In this embodiment, the control module 8 adopts the principle of H-bridge circuit to realize the forward and reverse control of the driving machine. Specifically, when the vehicle controller issues a forward rotation instruction, the control system will control the switch tubes on the two diagonals (named S1 and S4 here for easy distinction). ) is turned on, and the switch tubes (S2 and S3) on the other two diagonals are turned off. At this time, a positive voltage difference is formed at both ends of the driving machine, driving the output shaft of the driving machine to rotate forward, and the fan 3 rotates forward accordingly, accelerating the heat transfer from the surface of the radiator 4 to the heat exchanger 5; when the vehicle controller issues a reverse command, the control system controls the switch tubes (S1 and S4) on the two diagonals to be turned off, and at the same time, the switch tubes (S2 and S3) on the other two diagonals are turned on, and a reverse voltage difference is formed at both ends of the driving machine, driving the output shaft of the driving machine to rotate in the opposite direction, and the fan 3 reverses accordingly, thereby slowing down or stopping the heat transfer from the radiator 4 to the heat exchanger 5, and even reversely extracting the heat from the reserved space between the radiator 4 and the heat exchanger 5, helping the heat exchanger 5 to dissipate heat and preventing the power battery 7 from overheating.

[0030] Although this specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode includes only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0031] Therefore, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present application; that is, all equivalent changes made according to the scope of the claims of the present application are within the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery heating device control system, comprising a heat source transmission module, a heat source absorption module and a vehicle controller, characterized in that: The heat source transmission module comprises a first water pump (2), a radiator (4) and a motor (1) with a water channel therein, wherein the motor (1), the first water pump (2) and the radiator (4) are connected by a pipeline to form a circulating water channel; a temperature sensor t1 is installed on the surface of the motor (1), and the first water pump (2) and the temperature sensor t1 are respectively connected to a vehicle controller, wherein the temperature sensor t1 monitors the surface temperature of the motor (1) in real time and transmits the information to the vehicle controller, and the vehicle controller issues an instruction according to the information transmitted by the temperature sensor t1 to adjust the rotation speed of the first water pump (2); The heat source absorption module comprises a second water pump (6), a heat exchanger (5) and a power battery (7) with a water channel therein, wherein the power battery (7), the second water pump (6) and the heat exchanger (5) are connected by a pipeline to form a circulating water channel; a temperature sensor t2 is installed on the surface of the power battery (7), and the second water pump (6) and the temperature sensor t2 are respectively connected to a vehicle controller, wherein the temperature sensor t2 monitors the surface temperature of the power battery (7) in real time and transmits the information to the vehicle controller, and the vehicle controller issues an instruction according to the information transmitted by the temperature sensor t2 to adjust the rotation speed of the second water pump (6); The heat dissipated by the radiator (4) is absorbed by the heat exchanger (5).

2. The battery heating device control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet of the water channel in the motor (1) is fixedly connected to the water outlet of the first water pump (2), the water inlet of the first water pump (2) is fixedly connected to the water outlet of the radiator (4), and the water inlet of the radiator (4) is fixedly connected to the water outlet of the water channel in the motor (1).

3. The battery heating device control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet of the water channel in the power battery (7) is fixedly connected to the water outlet of the second water pump (6), the water inlet of the second water pump (6) is fixedly connected to the water outlet of the heat exchanger (5), and the water inlet of the heat exchanger (5) is fixedly connected to the water outlet of the water channel in the power battery (7).

4. The battery heating device control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fan (3) is installed on the outside of the radiator (4) on a side away from the heat exchanger (5), and a driving machine for driving the fan (3) is connected to a vehicle controller. The vehicle controller transmits information through temperature sensors t1 and t2 to issue instructions and adjust the rotation speed of the output shaft of the driving machine.

5. The battery heating device control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A control module (8) is also connected between the vehicle controller and the drive machine. The control module (8) receives instructions from the vehicle controller, changes the polarity of the voltage at both ends of the drive machine, and adjusts the rotation direction of the output shaft of the drive machine.

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