Loading and unloading equipment

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of automated production equipment, and specifically to a loading and unloading equipment. The loading and unloading equipment includes a tray storage mechanism and a loading and unloading mechanism, and the loading and unloading mechanism is arranged on the side of the tray storage mechanism along the first direction. The loading and unloading mechanism includes an upper runner component, a lower runner component, an opening and closing connecting rod mechanism, an upper hook mechanism and a lower hook mechanism, and the upper runner component and the lower runner component are arranged in parallel and spaced apart along the second direction, and the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism is arranged on the side of the upper runner component away from the tray storage mechanism; the upper hook mechanism is used to hook full trays from the tray storage mechanism to the upper runner component and the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism in turn; the lower hook mechanism is used to push empty trays back to the tray storage mechanism. The upper runner component is used in conjunction with the lower runner component to reduce the one-way length of the runner and reduce the moving cycle of the tray, thereby meeting the requirements of automated loading and unloading.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of automated production equipment, and in particular to loading and unloading equipment. Background Art

[0002] The traditional loading and unloading mechanism is a single-layer flow channel. The full tray (product carrier) flows directly from the storage mechanism to the working position. After the products are taken away in turn, the empty tray flows from the working position to the storage mechanism to complete automatic loading and unloading. This type of loading and unloading has a long cycle in which the empty tray is returned to the storage and then the full tray flows from the storage mechanism to the working position. The material taking mechanism needs to wait for a long time, which seriously affects the working efficiency of the loading and unloading equipment. Summary of the invention

[0003] To this end, the object of the present invention is to provide a device that can realize automatic and efficient loading and unloading.

[0004] The present invention provides a loading and unloading device, comprising a tray storage mechanism, which is used to provide full trays and recover empty trays after taking out materials; the loading and unloading mechanism is arranged on the side of the tray storage mechanism along a first direction, which is used to take out the full tray from the tray storage mechanism and push back the empty tray;

[0005] Among them, the loading and unloading mechanism includes an upper runner component, a lower runner component, an opening and closing connecting rod mechanism, an upper hook mechanism and a lower hook mechanism, the upper runner component and the lower runner component are spaced and arranged in parallel along the second direction, and the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism is arranged on the side of the upper runner component away from the tray storage mechanism, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; the upper hook mechanism is used to hook the full tray from the tray storage mechanism to the upper runner component and the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism in turn; the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism is used to carry the full tray to be taken, and transfer the empty tray after taking the material to the lower runner component; the lower hook mechanism is used to push the empty tray back to the tray storage mechanism.

[0006] In some embodiments, the loading and unloading mechanism also includes two fixed plates arranged in parallel, the upper flow channel component, the lower flow channel component and the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism are all installed on the upper end of the fixed plate, and the upper hook mechanism and the lower hook mechanism are installed on the outer wall of the fixed plate.

[0007] In some embodiments, the upper flow channel component includes an upper support plate and an L-shaped limit block, wherein the L-shaped limit block is distributed in parallel on the upper surface of the upper support plate, and the upper support plate and the L-shaped limit block jointly define an upper flow channel for the full material tray to move.

[0008] In some embodiments, the opening and closing linkage mechanism includes a first pallet assembly and a second pallet assembly, which are used to carry the full tray when the first pallet assembly and the second pallet assembly are combined; and are used to drop the empty tray to the lower flow channel component when the first pallet assembly and the second pallet assembly are opened.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first pallet assembly includes a first movable pallet and a first fixed pallet, and the first movable pallet is slidably disposed on the first fixed pallet toward the direction of the second pallet assembly; the second pallet assembly includes a second movable pallet and a second fixed pallet, and the second movable pallet is slidably disposed on the second fixed pallet toward the direction of the first pallet assembly.

[0010] In some embodiments, the opening and closing linkage mechanism also includes a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a connecting rod, a fixed block, a linear guide rail and a first cylinder, one end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the first movable support plate, and the other end is rotatably connected to the connecting rod, one end of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to the second movable support plate, and the other end is rotatably connected to the connecting rod, the connecting rod is installed on the fixed block, the fixed block is slidably set on the linear guide rail along the second direction, and the first cylinder drives the fixed block to move.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first support plate assembly also includes a bearing support member, which includes a limit bearing, a sliding rod, a spring and a mounting block, the mounting block is provided with a mounting groove facing the second support plate assembly, the limit bearing is installed at one end of the sliding rod, the other end of the sliding rod is arranged in the mounting groove through the spring, and the mounting block is fixed to the first movable support plate.

[0012] In some embodiments, the upper hook mechanism includes an upper hook mounting frame, a third slide rail, a second cylinder, a first hook and a first movable push block assembly, the upper hook mounting frame is slidably arranged on the third slide rail along the first direction, the second cylinder is connected to the upper hook mounting frame and is used to drive the upper hook mounting frame to move, the first hook and the first movable push block assembly are installed on the upper hook mounting frame, the first hook is used to hook the full material tray from the material tray storage mechanism to the upper flow channel member, and the first movable push block assembly is used to push the full material tray from the upper flow channel member to the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first movable push block assembly includes a first push block, a first fixing bolt and a push block mounting frame, the first push block is rotatably mounted on the push block mounting frame by the first fixing bolt, and the push block mounting frame is fixed to the upper hook claw mounting frame; wherein, the first push block includes a first push plate portion and a first limiting portion, and a limiting protrusion is provided on the push block mounting frame; when the first push block moves close to the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism, the first push plate portion abuts against the full material tray and the first limiting portion abuts against the limiting protrusion, so that the first push block cannot rotate, and the first push plate portion pushes the full material tray to move to the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism; when the first push block moves away from the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism, the first push plate portion is squeezed and lifted by the full material tray, and the first limiting portion is away from the limiting protrusion, so that the first push plate portion slides over the upper surface of the full material tray.

[0014] In some embodiments, the lower hook mechanism includes a lower hook mounting frame, a fourth slide rail, a third cylinder, a second hook and a second movable push block assembly, the lower hook mounting frame is slidably arranged on the fourth slide rail along the first direction, the third cylinder is connected to the lower hook mounting frame and is used to drive the lower hook mounting frame to move, the second hook and the second movable push block assembly are installed on the lower hook mounting frame, the second hook is used to push the empty material tray located below the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism toward the material tray storage mechanism, and the second movable push block assembly is used to push the empty material tray from the lower layer flow channel member back to the material tray storage mechanism.

[0015] In some embodiments, the second movable push block assembly includes a second push block, a second fixing bolt and a push block limit frame, the push block limit frame is provided with a limit groove, the second push block is rotatably installed in the limit groove by the second fixing bolt, and the push block limit frame is fixed on the lower hook claw mounting frame; wherein, the second push block includes a second push plate part and a second limit part, and the limit groove is provided with a limit surface; when the second push block moves close to the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism, the second push plate part is squeezed and descended by the empty material tray, and the second limit part moves away from the limit surface, so that the second push plate part slides over the lower surface of the full material tray; when the second push block moves away from the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism, the second push plate part abuts against the empty material tray and the second limit part abuts against the limit surface, so that the second push block cannot rotate, and the second push plate part pushes the empty material tray back to the material tray storage mechanism.

[0016] In some embodiments, the tray storage mechanism includes a tray clip, a clip support plate and a lifting motor, the tray clip is clamped on the clip support plate, the clip support plate is installed on the lifting motor, the lifting motor can drive the clip support plate to move in the second direction, and multiple full trays and / or multiple empty trays can be stacked in the tray clip along the second direction.

[0017] In some embodiments, a limit baffle and an elastic baffle are provided on the magazine support plate, the elastic baffle is provided with a receiving groove, an elastic member is provided in the receiving groove, and the elastic member and the limit baffle cooperate to clamp the material tray magazine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the loading and unloading equipment provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the loading and unloading mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 An exploded schematic diagram of the loading and unloading mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the upper flow channel component and the lower flow channel component provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 A side view of the upper flow channel component, the lower flow channel component and the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 An exploded schematic diagram of the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 A partial cross-sectional view of a bearing support member provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the upper hook mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0027] Fig. 9 An exploded schematic diagram of a first movable push block assembly provided by the present invention;

[0028] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the lower hook mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0029] Fig.11 A partial cross-sectional view of a second movable push block assembly provided by the present invention;

[0030] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the structure of the material tray storage mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0031] Fig.13 This is a schematic structural diagram of the magazine support plate provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to better understand the present invention, various aspects of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these detailed descriptions are only descriptions of embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. It should be noted that in this specification, the expressions of first, second, third, etc. are only used to distinguish one feature from another feature, and do not represent any limitation on the feature.

[0033] It should also be understood that the terms “comprises,” “including,” “having,” “includes” and / or “comprising,” when used in this specification, indicate the presence of stated features, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms (such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries) should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant technology, and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless explicitly defined in this article.

[0035] In order to facilitate the understanding of this application, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Fig.10 ,as well as Fig.12 As shown, throughout the text, the first direction can be defined as the front-to-back direction, and the second direction can be defined as the up-to-down direction. The front-to-back direction and the up-to-down direction in each figure show the spatial relationship of the components in the loading and unloading device and the moving direction of the full tray and the empty tray. For example, the front-to-back direction is the arrangement position of the loading and unloading mechanism and the tray storage mechanism and the moving direction of the full tray, and the up-to-down direction is the arrangement position of the upper runner component and the lower runner component and the moving direction of the empty tray transferred to the lower runner component. The same concept will be used throughout the disclosure to describe the spatial relationship of the components in the clamping device.

[0036] For details, please refer to Figure 1As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a loading and unloading device, including a loading and unloading mechanism 1 and a tray storage mechanism 2, wherein the loading and unloading mechanism 1 is arranged on the side of the tray storage mechanism 2 along the first direction (front-back direction), that is, the tray storage mechanism 2 and the loading and unloading mechanism 1 are arranged along the first direction. Among them, the tray storage mechanism 2 is used to provide full trays and recover empty trays after taking out materials, and the loading and unloading mechanism 1 is used to take out full trays from the tray storage mechanism 2 and push back empty trays. It can be understood that a full tray refers to a tray with products, such as a tray with lenses / cover plates, and an empty tray refers to a tray after a full tray has taken out materials. The loading and unloading mechanism 1 takes out a full tray with products from the tray storage mechanism 2, and after the products on the full tray are taken away, pushes the empty tray back to the tray storage mechanism 2, thereby realizing integrated material taking and recycling of trays, and meeting the requirements of automatic loading and unloading. Preferably, in order to ensure the stability and convenience of the installation of the tray storage mechanism 2 and the loading and unloading mechanism 1, the two are installed on the same machine stand.

[0037] In one embodiment, if Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the loading and unloading mechanism 1 includes an upper runner member 10, a lower runner member 20, an opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 30, an upper hook mechanism 40 and a lower hook mechanism 50. The upper runner member 10 and the lower runner member 20 both extend in the first direction, that is, the runners of the upper runner member 10 and the lower runner member 20 are parallel to the first direction. The upper runner member 10 and the lower runner member 20 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart along the second direction (up and down direction), and the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 30 is arranged on the side of the upper runner member 10 away from the tray storage mechanism 2. Preferably, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular. In a preferred embodiment, the upper runner member 10 and the lower runner member 20 are arranged overlapping in the second direction, that is, the upper runner member 10 and the lower runner member 20 are kept spaced apart and parallel in the second direction, and are still in an overlapping state, so that it is convenient for the empty tray to be accurately transferred from the upper runner member 10 to the lower runner member 20, so that the spatial state of the empty tray remains unchanged. Among them, the upper hook mechanism 40 is used to hook the full material tray from the material tray storage mechanism 2 to the upper runner component 10 and the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 30 in sequence; the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 30 is used to carry the full material tray to be taken, and transfer the empty material tray after taking out the material to the lower runner component 20; the lower hook mechanism 50 is used to push the empty material tray back to the material tray storage mechanism 2. The operation process of the loading and unloading equipment is that the full material tray is placed on the material tray storage mechanism 2, and the upper hook mechanism 40 in the loading and unloading mechanism 1 first hooks the full material tray to the upper runner component 10, and then pushes it from the upper runner component 10 to the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 30. After the product on the full material tray is taken out, the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 30 transfers the empty material tray to the lower runner component 20, and then the lower hook mechanism 50 pushes the empty material tray back to the material tray storage mechanism 2 to achieve a complete loading and unloading action.

[0038] In one embodiment, again referring to Figure 2As shown, the loading and unloading mechanism 1 also includes two fixed plates 60 arranged in parallel, the upper runner component 10, the lower runner component 20 and the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 30 are all installed on the upper end of the fixed plate 60, and the upper hook mechanism 40 and the lower hook mechanism 50 are installed on the outer side wall of the fixed plate 60. The upper runner component 10, the lower runner component 20 and the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 30 are installed using two fixed plates 60 arranged in parallel to ensure the installation accuracy and convenience of the upper runner component 10 and the lower runner component 20 in the second direction. The upper hook mechanism 40 and the lower hook mechanism 50 are further installed on the outer side wall of the fixed plate 60, so that the hook mechanism is closer to the upper runner component 10 and the lower runner component 20, reducing the volume of the loading and unloading equipment.

[0039] In one embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, the upper flow channel component 10 includes an upper support plate 11 and an L-shaped limit block 12. The L-shaped limit block 12 is distributed in parallel on the surface of the upper support plate 11. The upper support plate 11 and the L-shaped limit block 12 jointly define an upper flow channel 13 for the full tray to move. Specifically, the L-shaped limit block 12 is inverted on the surface of the upper support plate 11, so that the upper support plate 11 and the L-shaped limit block 12 are buckled to form a "C" shape, so that the full tray will not jump when moving on the surface of the upper support plate 11, ensuring that the product in the full tray is always in the initial position, preventing the product from shifting and affecting the material removal. Defining the upper flow channel 13 also facilitates the smooth flow of the full tray, and also facilitates the upper flow channel component 10 to better dock with the tray storage mechanism 2.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, a guide slope 121 is provided at the end of the L-shaped limit block 12 , and the guide slope 121 enlarges the end opening of the upper flow channel 13 to facilitate the transfer of full trays from the tray storage mechanism 2 to the upper flow channel component 10 .

[0041] For easier understanding, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 The functions of the upper runner component 10, the lower runner component 20 and the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 30 in the complete loading and unloading process are shown. The upper runner component 10 corresponds to the full tray waiting position A, the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 30 corresponds to the full tray taking position B, the second part 22 in the lower runner component 20 corresponds to the empty tray waiting position C, and the first part 21 corresponds to the empty tray pushing position D. First, the full tray reaches the full tray waiting position A through the upper hook mechanism 40, and then reaches the full tray taking position B through the upper hook mechanism 40. The full tray takes the material at the full tray taking position and becomes an empty tray; secondly, the empty tray is transferred to the empty tray waiting position C through the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 30, and then pushed to the empty tray pushing position D through the lower hook mechanism 50, and finally pushed to the tray storage mechanism 2 through the lower hook mechanism 50.

[0042] In one embodiment, the lower runner member 20 includes a first portion 21 and a second portion 22, the second portion 22 is close to the opening and closing link mechanism 30, and the height of the first portion 21 in the second direction is less than the height of the second portion 22 in the second direction. By setting the lower runner member 20 as a stepped runner member with a height difference, it is convenient to distinguish between the empty tray to-be-pushed position C and the empty tray push-out position D.

[0043] In one embodiment, if Figure 6 As shown, the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 30 includes a first pallet assembly 31 and a second pallet assembly 32. When the first pallet assembly 31 and the second pallet assembly 32 are combined, they are used to carry full trays; when the first pallet assembly 31 and the second pallet assembly 32 are opened, they are used to drop empty trays to the lower runner member 20. It can be understood that the first pallet assembly 31 and the second pallet assembly 32 cooperate to achieve the carrying of full trays and the transfer of empty trays. The first pallet assembly 31 and the second pallet assembly 32 adopt a combined and opened cooperation mode, which is simple in structure and reduces the cost of the equipment.

[0044] Further, the first pallet assembly 31 includes a first movable pallet 311 and a first fixed pallet 312, and the first movable pallet 311 is slidably disposed on the first fixed pallet 312 in the direction of the second pallet assembly 32, that is, the sliding direction of the first movable pallet 311 is close to or away from the second pallet assembly 32. The second pallet assembly 32 includes a second movable pallet 321 and a second fixed pallet 322, and the second movable pallet 321 is slidably disposed on the second fixed pallet 322 in the direction of the first pallet assembly 31, that is, the sliding direction of the second movable pallet 321 is close to or away from the first pallet assembly 31, thereby achieving the merging or opening of the first movable pallet 311 and the second movable pallet 321.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the first support plate assembly 31 further includes a first slide rail 313, and the first movable support plate 311 is slidably disposed on the first fixed support plate 312 via the first slide rail 313. The first slide rail 313 is provided to facilitate sliding between the first movable support plate 311 and the first fixed support plate 312, and the first slide rail 313 further defines the moving position and moving accuracy of the first movable support plate 311 and the first fixed support plate 312 to prevent misalignment between the two. Similarly, the second support plate assembly 32 further includes a second slide rail 323, and the second movable support plate 321 is slidably disposed on the second fixed support plate 322 via the second slide rail 323.

[0046] In one embodiment, the opening and closing link mechanism 30 further includes a first connecting rod 33, a second connecting rod 34, a connecting rod 35, a fixed block 36, a linear guide rail 37 and a first cylinder 38, one end of the first connecting rod 33 is rotatably connected to the first movable support plate 311, and the other end is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 35, one end of the second connecting rod 34 is rotatably connected to the second movable support plate 321, and the other end is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 35, the connecting rod 35 is mounted on the fixed block 36, the fixed block 36 is slidably arranged on the linear guide rail 37 along the second direction, and the first cylinder 38 drives the fixed block 36 to move. It can be understood that the first connecting rod 33, the second connecting rod 34, the connecting rod 35 and the fixed block 36 form a rotatable "Y"-shaped structure, which is convenient for the rotation of the first connecting rod 33 and the second connecting rod 34. It should be noted that the first connecting rod 33 and the first movable support plate 311 are connected in a rotating manner, so that when the first connecting rod 33 is pulled downward by the fixed block 36, the first movable support plate 311 is restricted by the first slide rail 313 and the first fixed support plate 312 and can only move toward the second movable support plate 321, and finally realize the merging of the first movable support plate 311 and the second movable support plate 321; when the first connecting rod 33 is pushed upward by the fixed block 36, the first movable support plate 311 is restricted by the first slide rail 313 and the first fixed support plate 312 and can only move away from the second movable support plate 321, and finally realize the opening of the first movable support plate 311 and the second movable support plate 321. Similarly, the movement principle of the second movable support plate 321 is as above, and will not be repeated again.

[0047] In one embodiment, if Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the first support plate assembly 31 also includes a bearing support member 314, which includes a limit bearing 3141, a sliding rod 3142, a spring 3143 and a mounting block 3144. The mounting block 3144 is provided with a mounting groove 3145 facing the second support plate assembly 32. The limit bearing 3141 is mounted on one end of the sliding rod 3142, and the other end of the sliding rod 3142 is arranged in the mounting groove 3145 through the spring 3143. The mounting block 3144 is fixed on the first movable support plate 311, that is, the bearing is mounted on the first movable support plate 311 through the spring 3143. The bearing is used to abut against the side of the full material tray or the empty material tray. The elastic connection method can pre-tighten the full material tray or the empty material tray, provide a certain pre-pressure, and improve the stability of the installation of the full material tray or the empty material tray.

[0048] In one embodiment, if Figure 8As shown, the upper hook mechanism 40 includes an upper hook mounting frame 41, a third slide rail 42, a second cylinder 43, a first hook 44 and a first movable push block assembly 45. The upper hook mounting frame 41 is slidably arranged on the third slide rail 42 along the first direction. The second cylinder 43 is connected to the upper hook mounting frame 41 and is used to drive the upper hook mounting frame 41 to move. The first hook 44 and the first movable push block assembly 45 are installed on the upper hook mounting frame 41, that is, the first hook 44 and the first movable push block assembly 45 are limited to move in the first direction by the upper hook mounting frame 41 and the third slide rail 42. Among them, the first hook 44 is used to hook the full material tray from the material tray storage mechanism 2 to the upper runner member 10, and the first movable push block assembly 45 is used to push the full material tray from the upper runner member 10 to the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 30, thereby improving the efficiency of feeding. Please refer again Figure 5 , the upper runner component 10 corresponds to the full tray waiting position A, and the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 30 corresponds to the full tray taking position A. By setting the first hook 44 and the first movable push block assembly 45, it is possible to move two full trays at the same time, that is, the moving path of the first hook 44 and the first movable push block assembly 45 is reduced, and the efficiency of loading the full tray is improved. Preferably, the first hook 44 and the first movable push block assembly 45 are both arranged above the upper runner component 10, so that the full tray can be conveniently hooked without interference from other structural parts, and the bending structure of the first hook 44 faces the upper runner component 10, so as to better hook the full tray. It can be understood that in order to shorten the movement stroke of the driving component that hooks and pushes the full tray from the tray storage mechanism 2 to the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 30, and in order to improve the efficiency of loading the full tray, the present design divides the upper hook mechanism 40 used to hook and push the driving structure of the full tray into two parts, one is the first hook 44 that pushes the full tray from the tray storage mechanism 2 to the upper flow channel component 10, and the other is the first movable push block assembly 45 that pushes the full tray from the upper flow channel component 10 to the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 30.

[0049] Preferably, please refer again to Figure 8 The upper hook mechanism 40 also includes a hydraulic buffer 46, which is arranged along the first direction corresponding to the hook mounting frame. The hydraulic buffer 46 is used to buffer the movement of the upper hook mounting frame 41 in the first direction to prevent the full material tray from vibrating, thereby preventing the product in the full material tray from tilting.

[0050] In one embodiment, if Fig. 9As shown, the first movable push block assembly 45 includes a first push block 451, a first fixing bolt 452 and a push block mounting frame 453. The first push block 451 is rotatably mounted on the push block mounting frame 453 through the first fixing bolt 452, and the push block mounting frame 453 is fixed on the upper hook mounting frame 41. The first push block 451 includes a first push plate portion 4511 and a first limit portion 4512, and a limit protrusion 4531 is provided on the push block mounting frame 453. When the first push block 451 moves close to the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 30, the first push plate portion 4511 abuts against the full material tray and the first limit portion 4512 abuts against the limit protrusion 4531, so that the first push block 451 cannot rotate, and the first push plate portion 4511 pushes the full material tray to move to the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 30, that is, the first push block 451 pushes the full material tray to the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 30. When the first push block 451 moves away from the opening and closing link mechanism 30, the first push plate portion 4511 is squeezed and lifted by the full material tray, and the first limit portion 4512 moves away from the limit protrusion 4531, so that the first push plate portion 4511 slides over the upper surface of the full material tray. It can be understood that, considering that the first push block 451 needs to push multiple full material trays from the upper runner member 10 to the opening and closing link mechanism 30 in sequence, and needs to return to push another new full material tray after pushing a full material tray, the first push block 451 is designed to push the full material tray when it moves close to the opening and closing link mechanism 30, and slide over the surface of the new full material tray when it moves away from the closing link mechanism 30, so that the repeated movement of the first push block 451 is not affected, thereby improving the flexibility of the first movable push block assembly 45.

[0051] In one embodiment, if Fig.10 As shown, the lower hook mechanism 50 includes a lower hook mounting frame 51, a fourth slide rail 52, a third cylinder 53, a second hook 54 and a second movable push block assembly 55. The lower hook mounting frame 51 is slidably arranged on the fourth slide rail 52 along the first direction. The third cylinder 53 is connected to the lower hook mounting frame 51 and is used to drive the lower hook mounting frame 51 to move. The second hook 54 and the second movable push block assembly 55 are installed on the lower hook mounting frame 51. The second hook 54 is used to push the empty material tray located below the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 30 to the material tray storage mechanism 2. The second movable push block assembly 55 is used to push the empty material tray from the lower layer flow channel member 20 back to the material tray storage mechanism 2. Please refer to Figure 5The lower runner component 20 includes a first part 21 and a second part 22, wherein the second part 22 corresponds to the empty tray waiting to be pushed out position C, and the first part 21 corresponds to the empty tray pushing out position D. By setting the second hook 54 and the second movable push block assembly 55, the two empty trays can be moved at the same time, that is, the moving path of the second hook 54 and the second movable push block assembly 55 is reduced, and the efficiency of empty tray unloading is improved. Preferably, the second hook 54 and the second movable push block assembly 55 are both arranged below the lower runner component 20, so that the empty tray can be conveniently hooked and pushed without being interfered by other structural parts, and the bending structure of the second hook 54 faces the lower runner component 20, so as to better hook the full and empty trays. It can be understood that in order to shorten the movement stroke of the driving component that pushes the empty tray from the lower flow channel component 20 back to the tray storage mechanism 2, and in order to improve the efficiency of unloading the empty tray, the present design divides the lower hook mechanism 50 used to hook and push the driving structure of the empty tray into two parts, one is the second hook 54 that pushes the empty tray from the second part 22 of the lower flow channel component 20 to the first part 21, and the other is the second movable push block assembly 55 that pushes the empty tray from the first part 21 of the lower flow channel component 20 back to the tray storage mechanism 2.

[0052] In one embodiment, if Fig.10 and Fig.11As shown, the second movable push block assembly 55 includes a second push block 551, a second fixing bolt 552 and a push block limiting frame 553. The push block limiting frame 553 is provided with a limiting groove 554. The second push block 551 is rotatably installed in the limiting groove 554 through the second fixing bolt 552. The push block limiting frame 553 is fixed on the lower hook mounting frame 51. Among them, the second push block 551 includes a second push plate portion 5511 and a second limiting portion 5512. The limiting groove 554 is provided with a limiting surface 5541. When the second push block 551 moves close to the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 30, the second push plate portion 5511 is squeezed down by the empty material tray, and the second limiting portion 5512 is away from the limiting surface 5541, so that the second push plate portion 5511 slides over the lower surface of the full material tray. When the second push block 551 moves away from the opening and closing link mechanism 30, the second push plate portion 5511 abuts against the empty material tray and the second limit portion 5512 abuts against the limit surface 5541, so that the second push block 551 cannot rotate, and the second push plate portion 5511 pushes the empty material tray back to the material tray storage mechanism 2, that is, the second push block 551 realizes pushing the empty material tray from the first part 21 of the lower flow channel member 20 back to the material tray storage mechanism 2. It can be understood that, considering that the second push block 551 needs to push multiple empty material trays from the lower flow channel member 20 back to the material tray storage mechanism 2 in sequence, and needs to return to push another new empty material tray after pushing one empty material tray, the second push block 551 is designed to slide over the surface of the new empty material tray when it moves close to the opening and closing link mechanism 30, so that the repeated movement of the second push block 551 is not affected, and when it moves away from the opening and closing link mechanism 30, it pushes the empty material tray, thereby improving the flexibility of the second movable push block assembly 55.

[0053] In one embodiment, if Fig.12 As shown, the tray storage mechanism 2 includes a tray clip 201, a clip support plate 202 and a lifting motor 203. The tray clip 201 is clamped on the clip support plate 202, and the clip support plate 202 is installed on the lifting motor 203. The lifting motor 203 can drive the clip support plate 202 to move in the second direction. Multiple full trays and / or multiple empty trays can be stacked in the tray clip 201 along the second direction. It can be understood that in order to enable the tray clip 201 to better provide full trays to the upper runner component 10 and receive empty trays from the lower runner component 20, it is designed on the lifting motor 203 that can move along the second direction to improve the flexibility of the loading and unloading equipment.

[0054] Preferably, if Fig.13 As shown, a limit baffle 204 and an elastic baffle 205 are provided on the magazine support plate 202. The elastic baffle 205 is provided with a receiving groove. An elastic member 206 is provided in the receiving groove. The elastic member 206 and the limit baffle 204 cooperate to clamp the material tray magazine 201 to ensure the accurate positioning of the material tray magazine 201.

[0055] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0056] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A loading and unloading equipment, characterized in that: include: The tray storage mechanism is used to provide full trays and recycle empty trays after taking out the materials; A loading and unloading mechanism, arranged on the side of the tray storage mechanism along the first direction, for taking out the full tray from the tray storage mechanism and pushing back the empty tray; Wherein, the loading and unloading mechanism comprises an upper runner member, a lower runner member, an opening and closing connecting rod mechanism, an upper hook mechanism and a lower hook mechanism, the upper runner member and the lower runner member both extend along a first direction, and the upper runner member and the lower runner member are spaced and arranged in parallel along a second direction, the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism is arranged on a side of the upper runner member away from the tray storage mechanism, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; The upper hook mechanism is used to hook the full tray from the tray storage mechanism to the upper flow channel member and the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism in sequence; The opening and closing connecting rod mechanism is used to carry the full material tray to be taken out, and transfer the empty material tray after taking out the material to the lower layer flow channel member; The lower hook mechanism is used to push the empty tray back to the tray storage mechanism.

2. The loading and unloading equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading and unloading mechanism also includes two fixed plates arranged in parallel, the upper flow channel component, the lower flow channel component and the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism are all installed on the upper end of the fixed plate, and the upper hook mechanism and the lower hook mechanism are installed on the outer side wall of the fixed plate.

3. The loading and unloading equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper flow channel component includes an upper support plate and an L-shaped limit block, wherein the L-shaped limit block is distributed in parallel on the upper surface of the upper support plate, and the upper support plate and the L-shaped limit block jointly define an upper flow channel for the full material tray to move.

4. The loading and unloading equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening and closing connecting rod mechanism includes a first pallet assembly and a second pallet assembly, which are used to carry the full tray when the first pallet assembly and the second pallet assembly are combined; and are used to drop the empty tray to the lower flow channel component when the first pallet assembly and the second pallet assembly are opened.

5. The loading and unloading equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first pallet assembly includes a first movable pallet and a first fixed pallet, and the first movable pallet is slidably disposed on the first fixed pallet toward the direction of the second pallet assembly; the second pallet assembly includes a second movable pallet and a second fixed pallet, and the second movable pallet is slidably disposed on the second fixed pallet toward the direction of the first pallet assembly.

6. The loading and unloading equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The opening and closing connecting rod mechanism also includes a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a connecting rod, a fixed block, a linear guide rail and a first cylinder, one end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the first movable support plate, and the other end is rotatably connected to the connecting rod, one end of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to the second movable support plate, and the other end is rotatably connected to the connecting rod, the connecting rod is installed on the fixed block, the fixed block is slidably set on the linear guide rail along the second direction, and the first cylinder drives the fixed block to move.

7. The loading and unloading equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first support plate assembly also includes a bearing support member, which includes a limit bearing, a sliding rod, a spring and a mounting block. The mounting block is provided with a mounting groove facing the second support plate assembly. The limit bearing is installed at one end of the sliding rod, and the other end of the sliding rod is arranged in the mounting groove through the spring. The mounting block is fixed to the first movable support plate.

8. The loading and unloading equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper hook mechanism includes an upper hook mounting frame, a third slide rail, a second cylinder, a first hook and a first movable push block assembly. The upper hook mounting frame is slidably arranged on the third slide rail along the first direction. The second cylinder is connected to the upper hook mounting frame and is used to drive the upper hook mounting frame to move. The first hook and the first movable push block assembly are installed on the upper hook mounting frame. The first hook is used to hook the full tray from the tray storage mechanism to the upper flow channel member, and the first movable push block assembly is used to push the full tray from the upper flow channel member to the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism.

9. The loading and unloading equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first movable push block assembly comprises a first push block, a first fixing bolt and a push block mounting frame, the first push block is rotatably mounted on the push block mounting frame through the first fixing bolt, and the push block mounting frame is fixed on the upper hook mounting frame; Wherein, the first pushing block includes a first pushing plate portion and a first limiting portion, and a limiting protrusion is arranged on the pushing block mounting frame; when the first pushing block moves close to the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism, the first pushing plate portion abuts against the full material tray and the first limiting portion abuts against the limiting protrusion, so that the first pushing block cannot rotate, and the first pushing plate portion pushes the full material tray to move onto the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism; when the first pushing block moves away from the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism, the first pushing plate portion is squeezed and lifted by the full material tray, and the first limiting portion moves away from the limiting protrusion, so that the first pushing plate portion slides over the upper surface of the full material tray.

10. The loading and unloading equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower hook mechanism includes a lower hook mounting frame, a fourth slide rail, a third cylinder, a second hook and a second movable push block assembly. The lower hook mounting frame is slidably arranged on the fourth slide rail along the first direction. The third cylinder is connected to the lower hook mounting frame and is used to drive the lower hook mounting frame to move. The second hook and the second movable push block assembly are installed on the lower hook mounting frame. The second hook is used to push the empty material tray located below the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism toward the material tray storage mechanism. The second movable push block assembly is used to push the empty material tray from the lower flow channel member back to the material tray storage mechanism.

11. The loading and unloading equipment according to claim 10, characterized in that: The second movable push block assembly comprises a second push block, a second fixing bolt and a push block limiting frame, the push block limiting frame is provided with a limiting groove, the second push block is rotatably installed in the limiting groove by the second fixing bolt, and the push block limiting frame is fixed to the lower hook claw mounting frame; Wherein, the second pushing block includes a second pushing plate portion and a second limiting portion, and the limiting groove is provided with a limiting surface; when the second pushing block moves close to the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism, the second pushing plate portion is squeezed down by the empty tray, and the second limiting portion moves away from the limiting surface, so that the second pushing plate portion slides over the lower surface of the full tray; when the second pushing block moves away from the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism, the second pushing plate portion abuts against the empty tray and the second limiting portion abuts against the limiting surface, so that the second pushing block cannot rotate, and the second pushing plate portion pushes the empty tray back to the tray storage mechanism.

12. The loading and unloading equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tray storage mechanism includes a tray clip, a clip support plate and a lifting motor, the tray clip is clamped on the clip support plate, the clip support plate is installed on the lifting motor, the lifting motor can drive the clip support plate to move in the second direction, and a plurality of full trays and / or a plurality of empty trays can be stacked in the tray clip along the second direction.

13. The loading and unloading equipment according to claim 12, characterized in that: The magazine support plate is provided with a limit baffle and an elastic baffle, the elastic baffle is provided with a receiving groove, an elastic member is arranged in the receiving groove, and the elastic member and the limit baffle cooperate to clamp the material tray magazine.

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