Gypsum-based plastering mortar material, preparation method thereof and gypsum-based plastering mortar

Abstract

The invention provides a gypsum-based plastering mortar material, a preparation method of the gypsum-based plastering mortar material and gypsum-based plastering mortar, and the gypsum-based plastering mortar material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of gypsum powder, 10-30 parts of gypsum powder and 10-30 parts of gypsum powder. Comprising 50 to 90 parts of gypsum clinker, 5 to 10 parts of glass beads, 0.5 to 5 parts of heavy calcium carbonate, 0.001 to 0.2 part of a retarder, 0.1 to 0.5 part of cellulose ether, 0 to 3 parts of latex powder, 0 to 0.03 part of an air entraining agent, 0.5 to 5 parts of cement, 0 to 5 parts of fly ash, 1 to 5 parts of silicate microspheres and 1 to 5 parts of silicon oxide aerogel. The gypsum-based plastering mortar disclosed by the invention has heat preservation and heat insulation functions, and has the characteristics of good construction effect and high coating rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to but is not limited to the technical field of a new type of building material, and in particular to but is not limited to a gypsum-based plaster mortar material and a preparation method thereof, and a gypsum-based plaster mortar prepared thereby. Background Art

[0002] The thermal comfort level of buildings and the energy consumption of heating and air conditioning depend largely on the seasonal changes and daily fluctuations of the climate. The thermal performance of conventional buildings cannot be automatically adjusted according to climate change, nor can they make good use of the "peak-to-valley electricity price" to achieve "peak-to-valley" operation, resulting in low thermal comfort levels and high building energy consumption or electricity costs. In order to cope with climate change, achieve sustainable development strategies, and continuously improve the energy efficiency of buildings, many countries are actively formulating development goals for building energy conservation. Gypsum, as a green, low-carbon and environmentally friendly building material, has received more and more attention. Gypsum-based plaster mortar is a new generation of interior wall plastering material composed of gypsum, aggregates and admixtures. Compared with traditional cement mortar, interior wall plaster gypsum mortar has the advantages of light bulk density, thermal insulation and sound insulation, energy saving and emission reduction, fast coagulation and hardening, short construction period, good construction quality and excellent performance. By developing gypsum-based lightweight plaster mortar with good thermal insulation effect and using it as a building envelope structure to better respond to climate and save energy, it will be an important way to save energy in buildings. Summary of the invention

[0003] The following is a summary of the subject matter described in detail herein. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0004] The present application provides a gypsum-based plaster mortar material prepared using gypsum, a preparation method thereof, and a gypsum-based plaster mortar. The mortar has good thermal insulation effects, a high coating rate, and good construction performance, and can be directly applied to the surface of a building wall or cast in situ into a prefabricated board and then pasted on the surface of a building wall.

[0005] The first aspect of the present application provides a gypsum-based plaster mortar material, wherein the raw materials of the gypsum-based plaster mortar material include premixed powder 1, premixed powder 2, vitrified microspheres and silicate microspheres; wherein:

[0006] The raw materials of the premixed powder 1 include: gypsum clinker, retarder, cellulose ether and, optionally, air entraining agent and latex powder;

[0007] The raw materials of the premixed powder 2 include: heavy calcium, cement, silica aerogel and, optionally, fly ash.

[0008] In one embodiment provided in the present application, the premixed powder 2 is a mixture of the heavy calcium, the fly ash, the cement, and the silica aerogel that is mixed and allowed to stand for more than 24 hours.

[0009] In one embodiment provided in the present application, the vitrified microspheres are expanded vitrified microspheres, and the density of the vitrified microspheres is 80 kg / m 3 Up to 110kg / m 3 The size of the vitrified microspheres is 70-90 mesh; wherein the vitrified microspheres meet the requirements of the Chinese industry standard "Expanded Vitrified Microspheres" JC / T1042-2007, and the physical and mechanical performance indicators meet the requirements of Class I and Class II standards.

[0010] In one embodiment provided in the present application, the silicate microspheres are lightweight silicate microspheres; optionally, the packing density of the silicate microspheres is 75-85 g / L.

[0011] In one embodiment provided in the present application, the gypsum clinker is desulfurized building gypsum clinker, and the desulfurized building gypsum clinker is obtained by calcining desulfurized building gypsum raw material by itself, wherein the ion content in the desulfurized building gypsum raw material meets the requirements of GB / T37785-2019 "Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum" standard.

[0012] In one embodiment provided in the present application, the dry bulk density of the gypsum clinker is 500 g / L to 900 g / L.

[0013] In one embodiment provided in the present application, the particle size of the gypsum clinker is 80 mesh to 100 mesh, wherein hemihydrate gypsum (HH) / %≥80.0, dihydrate gypsum (DH) / %≤4.0, anhydrous gypsum (AⅢ) / %≤8.0 (or attached water / %≤1.0).

[0014] In one embodiment provided in the present application, the retarder is selected from any one or more of a protein retarder, a modified amino acid salt retarder, a boric acid retarder, a citric acid retarder, a tartaric acid retarder, borax, slaked lime and a phosphate retarder;

[0015] Optionally, the phosphate retarder is selected from one or more of sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium polyphosphate and ammonium phosphate.

[0016] In one embodiment provided in the present application, the viscosity of the cellulose ether is 300 mPa·s to 100000 mPa·s.

[0017] In one embodiment provided in the present application, the cellulose ether is selected from any one or more of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether, methylcellulose ether, hydroxyethyl methylcellulose ether and hydroxyethyl cellulose ether.

[0018] In one embodiment provided in the present application, the air entraining agent is selected from one or more of rosin resins, alkyl and alkyl aromatic sulfonic acids, fatty alcohol sulfonates, saponins, protein salts, and petroleum sulfonic acid.

[0019] In one embodiment provided in the present application, the latex powder is a redispersible latex powder. Preferably, the latex powder is selected from any one or more of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer and vinyl acetate homopolymer; optionally, the minimum film-forming temperature of the latex powder is 0°C to 4°C.

[0020] In one embodiment provided in the present application, the cement is one or more of Portland cement, sulphoaluminate cement, and aluminate cement; preferably, the cement is Portland cement.

[0021] In one embodiment provided in the present application, the fly ash is Class I fly ash or Class II fly ash.

[0022] In one embodiment provided in the present application, the silica aerogel has a particle size of 60-80 mesh, a pore diameter of 20-50 nanometers, and a volume density of 40-100 kg / cm 3 , with a specific surface area of ​​600-1100m 2 / g, and thermal conductivity (25°C) is 0.033~0.038W / mK.

[0023] In one embodiment provided in the present application, the gypsum-based plaster mortar material includes, by weight: 50 to 90 parts of gypsum clinker, 5 to 10 parts of vitrified microspheres, 0.5 to 5 parts of heavy calcium, 0.001 to 0.2 parts of retarder, 0.1 to 0.5 parts of cellulose ether, 0 to 0.03 parts of air entraining agent, 0 to 3 parts of latex powder, 0.5 to 5 parts of cement, 0 to 5 parts of fly ash, 1 to 5 parts of silicate microspheres, and 1 to 5 parts of silica aerogel.

[0024] In one embodiment provided in the present application, the gypsum-based plaster mortar material comprises, by weight: 850 parts of gypsum clinker, 70 parts of vitrified microspheres, 15 parts of heavy calcium, 0.3 parts of retarder, 2 parts of cellulose ether, 0.1 parts of air entraining agent, 10 parts of latex powder, 10 parts of cement, 50 parts of fly ash, 20 parts of silicate microspheres, and 30 parts of silica aerogel; or

[0025] 800 parts of gypsum clinker, 60 parts of vitrified microspheres, 10 parts of heavy calcium, 0.25 parts of retarder, 2 parts of cellulose ether, 0.1 parts of air entraining agent, 10 parts of latex powder, 10 parts of cement, 40 parts of fly ash, 20 parts of silicate microspheres, and 40 parts of silica aerogel; or

[0026] 850 parts of gypsum clinker, 50 parts of vitrified microspheres, 15 parts of heavy calcium, 0.3 parts of retarder, 2 parts of cellulose ether, 0.1 parts of air entraining agent, 10 parts of latex powder, 10 parts of cement, 50 parts of fly ash, 20 parts of silicate microspheres, and 40 parts of silica aerogel.

[0027] A second aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned gypsum-based plaster mortar material, the preparation method comprising:

[0028] The gypsum clinker, the retarder, the cellulose ether, the air entraining agent and the latex powder are mixed to obtain a premixed powder 1;

[0029] The heavy calcium, the fly ash, the cement and the silica aerogel are uniformly mixed to obtain a premixed powder 2; preferably, the heavy calcium, the fly ash, the cement and the expanded microspheres are mixed and allowed to stand for more than 24 hours to obtain a premixed powder 2;

[0030] The premixed powder 1, the premixed powder 2, the vitrified microspheres and the silicate microspheres are mixed uniformly.

[0031] The third aspect of the present application provides a gypsum-based plaster mortar, which includes the above-mentioned gypsum-based plaster mortar material and water.

[0032] In one embodiment provided in the present application, the weight ratio of the gypsum-based plaster mortar material to water is 1:(0.30 to 0.95).

[0033] In one embodiment provided in the present application, the amount of water used is determined according to the method of "Determination of water consumption for standard diffusion" in the national standard GB / T28627-2012.

[0034] Compared with the existing mortar, the gypsum-based plaster mortar of the present application has the following advantages:

[0035] 1. The gypsum-based plaster mortar of the present application uses desulfurized building gypsum as the main raw material, so it is completely different from the traditional plaster mortar system, and has good moisture-proof and anti-seepage functions and a high coating rate; at the same time, the porous structure of gypsum makes it green and environmentally friendly, and has the advantages of fast construction.

[0036] 2. The properties of the gypsum-based plaster mortar provided in this application meet the requirements for plaster gypsum in the Chinese national standard GB / T28627-2012 "Plaster gypsum".

[0037] 3. The gypsum-based plaster mortar provided in this application has good thermal insulation performance and can effectively reduce the energy consumption of building envelope structures; at the same time, it has good sound insulation and temperature regulation performance (low thermal conductivity, thermal conductivity is 0.11-0.13W / (m·k)).

[0038] 4. The gypsum-based plaster mortar provided in this application has good moisture-proof and anti-seepage functions (high softening coefficient, between 0.49-0.58), and is suitable for climate zones with relatively high humidity or relatively humid underground building envelope structures.

[0039] 5. The gypsum-based plaster mortar provided in this application has a high coating rate of ≥158m 2 / t (coated with a thickness of 1 cm, the weight ratio of the gypsum-based plaster mortar material to water is 1: (0.30 to 0.95)), which saves materials, effectively improves the performance of the mortar, reduces construction costs, and the drying shrinkage or hardening shrinkage of the gypsum-based plaster mortar is small.

[0040] 6. The mortar provided in this application has good anti-cracking performance.

[0041] 7. The mortar provided in this application has good mechanical properties.

[0042] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or be understood by implementing the present application. Other advantages of the present application can be invented and obtained by the schemes described in the description. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clear, the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.

[0044] In the following examples and comparative examples:

[0045] The desulfurized building gypsum clinker is obtained by calcining desulfurized building gypsum raw materials. The dry bulk density of the gypsum clinker is about 850 g / L, and the particle size is 80 mesh to 100 mesh.

[0046] The retarder is Retardan-2000P (modified amino acid salt retarder), purchased from Shanghai Shangnan Trading Co., Ltd.; hexametaphosphate, purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Beijing Co., Ltd.;

[0047] The latex powder is vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer (the minimum film-forming temperature is 4° C.), purchased from Guangdong Longhu Technology Co., Ltd., and is Wacker 5010N redispersible latex powder.

[0048] The cellulose ether is hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (60000mpa.s), purchased from Shanghai Shangnan Trading Co., Ltd., brand M6456;

[0049] The air entraining agent was purchased from Guangdong Longhu Technology Co., Ltd., model AE-2;

[0050] Silicate microspheres are lightweight silicate materials purchased from Kusiri Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., with a brand name of T300. The bulk density of silicate microspheres is 80 g / L.

[0051] The silica aerogel was purchased from Shanghai Yuna New Materials Co., Ltd. TSP60 nanoporous structure powder with a particle size of 60-80 mesh, a pore diameter of 20-50 nanometers, and a volume density of 40-100 kg / cm 3 , with a specific surface area of ​​600-1100m 2 / g, and thermal conductivity (25°C) is 0.033~0.038W / mK.

[0052] Vitrified microspheres are expanded vitrified microspheres with a density of 92kg / m 3 , 70 mesh to 90 mesh;

[0053] Fly ash was purchased from Baishan Thermal Power Plant, grade II fly ash;

[0054] The cement is silicate 425# cement purchased from Hebei Yanxin Building Materials Co., Ltd.

[0055] Preparation of gypsum-based plaster mortar in Examples and Comparative Examples

[0056] Step 1: Weigh each component according to the mass parts in Table 1;

[0057] Step 2: mixing desulfurized gypsum clinker, retarder, cellulose ether, air entraining agent and latex powder to prepare premixed powder 1;

[0058] Step 3: Evenly mix heavy calcium, fly ash, cement and silica aerogel to prepare premixed powder 2;

[0059] Step 4: uniformly mix the premixed powder obtained in step 2 and step 3 with the vitrified microspheres and silicate microspheres to obtain a mixture; wherein the premixed powder 2 in step 3 is allowed to stand for 24 hours before step 4;

[0060] Step 5: Calculate and weigh the mixing water according to the amount in Table 1;

[0061] Step 6: Mix the gypsum-based plaster material prepared in step 4 with the mixing water weighed in step 5 to prepare a gypsum-based plaster mortar.

[0062] Among them, the retarder in Example 1 and Example 3, and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 is Retardan-2000P;

[0063] The retarder of Example 2 is sodium hexametaphosphate;

[0064] The bulk density of the silicate microspheres in Comparative Example 2 is 100 g / L.

[0065] The only difference between Comparative Example 5 and Example 1 is that the premixed powder 2 in step 4 of Comparative Example 5 is not allowed to stand for 24 hours, and the premixed powder obtained in steps 2 and 3 is directly mixed with the vitrified microspheres and silicate microspheres to obtain a mixture.

[0066] Table 1

[0067]

[0068] Test Case

[0069] The setting time, water retention, flexural strength and compressive strength of the gypsum-based plaster mortar prepared above were tested according to the method specified in GB / T28627-2012 "Plastering Gypsum". The tensile bond strength of the gypsum-based plaster mortar prepared above was tested according to the method specified in JGJ / 70-2009 "Standard for Test Methods for Basic Properties of Building Mortar". To test the crack resistance of the mortar, the mortar was stirred according to the standard viscosity and then applied to the untreated aerated concrete block with a thickness of 3 mm. After drying, it was observed whether there were visible cracks. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0070] Table 2

[0071]

[0072] It can be seen from Table 2 that the performance of the thermal insulation mortar prepared in this application meets the requirements of national standards, and has the characteristics of excellent coating rate, good mechanical properties, good thermal insulation performance, excellent moisture resistance and anti-seepage, and good crack resistance.

[0073] The present application describes multiple embodiments, but the description is exemplary rather than restrictive, and it is obvious to a person skilled in the art that there may be more embodiments and implementations within the scope of the embodiments described in the present application.

Claims

1. A gypsum-based plaster mortar material, wherein: The raw materials of the gypsum-based plaster mortar material include premixed powder 1, premixed powder 2, vitrified microspheres and silicate microspheres; The raw materials of the premixed powder 1 include: gypsum clinker, retarder, cellulose ether and, optionally, air entraining agent and latex powder; The raw materials of the premixed powder 2 include: heavy calcium, cement and silica aerogel and, optionally, fly ash; The premixed powder 2 is a mixture of the heavy calcium, the fly ash, the cement and the silica aerogel that is mixed and left to stand for more than 24 hours.

2. The gypsum-based plaster mortar material according to claim 1, wherein: The raw materials of the gypsum-based plaster mortar material include, by weight: 50 to 90 parts of gypsum clinker, 5 to 10 parts of vitrified microspheres, 0.5 to 5 parts of heavy calcium, 0.001 to 0.2 parts of retarder, 0.1 to 0.5 parts of cellulose ether, 0 to 0.03 parts of air entraining agent, 0 to 3 parts of latex powder, 0.5 to 5 parts of cement, 0 to 5 parts of fly ash, 1 to 5 parts of silicate microspheres and 1 to 5 parts of silica aerogel.

3. The gypsum-based plaster mortar material according to claim 2, wherein: The raw materials of the gypsum-based plaster mortar material include, by weight: 850 parts of gypsum clinker, 70 parts of vitrified microspheres, 15 parts of heavy calcium, 0.3 parts of retarder, 2 parts of cellulose ether, 0.1 parts of air entraining agent, 10 parts of latex powder, 10 parts of cement, 0 parts of fly ash, 20 parts of silicate microspheres, and 30 parts of silica aerogel; or 800 parts of gypsum clinker, 60 parts of vitrified microspheres, 10 parts of heavy calcium, 0.25 parts of retarder, 2 parts of cellulose ether, 0.1 parts of air entraining agent, 10 parts of latex powder, 10 parts of cement, 0 parts of fly ash, 20 parts of silicate microspheres, and 40 parts of silica aerogel; or 850 parts of gypsum clinker, 50 parts of vitrified microspheres, 15 parts of heavy calcium, 0.3 parts of retarder, 2 parts of cellulose ether, 0.1 parts of air entraining agent, 10 parts of latex powder, 10 parts of cement, 10 parts of fly ash, 20 parts of silicate microspheres, and 40 parts of silica aerogel.

4. The gypsum-based plaster mortar material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The gypsum clinker is desulfurized building gypsum clinker, Optionally, the dry bulk density of the gypsum clinker is 500 g / L to 900 g / L; Optionally, the particle size of the gypsum clinker is 80 mesh to 100 mesh.

5. The gypsum-based plaster mortar material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The density of the vitrified microspheres is 80 kg / m 3 Up to 110kg / m 3 , the particle size of the vitrified microspheres is 70 mesh to 90 mesh; and / or The silicate microspheres are lightweight silicate microspheres; optionally, the packing density of the silicate microspheres is 75-85 g / L.

6. The gypsum-based plaster mortar material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The retarder is selected from any one or more of protein retarders, modified amino acid salt retarders, boric acid retarders, citric acid retarders, tartaric acid retarders, borax, slaked lime and phosphate retarders; Optionally, the phosphate retarder is selected from one or more of sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium polyphosphate and ammonium phosphate.

7. The gypsum-based plaster mortar material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The viscosity of the cellulose ether is 300 mPa·s to 100000 mPa·s; Optionally, the cellulose ether is selected from any one or more of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether, methylcellulose ether, hydroxyethyl methylcellulose ether and hydroxyethyl cellulose ether.

8. The gypsum-based plaster mortar material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The latex powder is a redispersible latex powder, preferably, the latex powder is selected from one or more of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer and vinyl acetate homopolymer; Optionally, the minimum film-forming temperature of the latex powder is 0°C to 4°C.

9. The gypsum-based plaster mortar material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The cement is one or more of Portland cement, sulphoaluminate cement and aluminate cement; preferably, the cement is Portland cement; and / or The air entraining agent is selected from one or more of rosin resins, alkyl and alkyl aromatic sulfonic acids, fatty alcohol sulfonates, saponins, protein salts, and petroleum sulfonic acid; and / or The fly ash is Class I fly ash or Class II fly ash; and / or The silica aerogel has a particle size of 60-80 mesh, a pore diameter of 20-50 nanometers, and a volume density of 40-100 kg / cm 3 , with a specific surface area of ​​600-1100m 2 / g, and thermal conductivity is 0.033~0.038W / mK at 25℃.

10. A method for preparing a gypsum-based plaster mortar material according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: The preparation method comprises: The gypsum clinker, the retarder, the cellulose ether, the air entraining agent and the latex powder are mixed to obtain a premixed powder 1; The heavy calcium, the fly ash, the cement and the silica aerogel are mixed and allowed to stand for more than 24 hours to obtain a premixed powder 2; The premixed powder 1, the premixed powder 2, the vitrified microspheres and the silicate microspheres are mixed uniformly.

11. A gypsum-based plaster mortar, comprising the gypsum-based plaster mortar material according to any one of claims 1 to 9 or the gypsum-based plaster mortar material prepared by the method according to claim 10 and water.

12. The gypsum-based plaster mortar according to claim 11, wherein: The weight ratio of the gypsum-based plaster mortar material to water is 1:(0.30 to 0.95).

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