A method for preparing low-density on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive using corncob particles and a method for preparing the same

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a low-density on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil-fuel mixture using corncob particles, and the method comprises porous granular ammonium nitrate, corncob particles and fuel oil, wherein the weight ratio of the porous granular ammonium nitrate, corncob particles and fuel oil is (67-92): (5-30): (0-3). The density of the ammonium nitrate oil-fuel mixture is adjusted to 0.55-0.8 g / cm by adding corncob particles with low bulk density. 3 , realize low-density mechanized charging, reduce the amount of charging per meter, lengthen the charging height, and reduce large pieces on the top; when pre-splitting charging, it can significantly reduce the workload and reduce the intensity of work; and by using corn cob particles in explosives, explore a greener and more environmentally friendly solution for a more difficult-to-handle biomass waste generated in the agricultural production process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of explosives, in particular to a low-density on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive prepared by utilizing corncob particles and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of modern engineering blasting technology, the safety, efficiency and environmental protection of blasting operations have become the focus of industry attention. Especially in blasting projects with soft rock formations, as well as special application fields such as mining, water conservancy and hydropower projects, and transportation construction, efficient, accurate and environmentally friendly blasting solutions are crucial to improving project quality, reducing costs and protecting the ecological environment.

[0003] Traditional ammonium nitrate oil explosives are common blasting materials. Although they have the advantages of low price and moderate power, the requirements for the power of blasting materials are different due to the hardness of the rock formations and the different blasting plans.

[0004] However, the technical density of existing ammonium nitrate explosives can be adjusted in a small range. In practical applications, it is difficult to dynamically adjust the density of explosives according to the actual on-site blasting plan, and it is impossible to carry out construction by reducing the density of explosives. Therefore, it is necessary to manually control the blasting effect by using interval charging according to the design plan, but this is a large workload, and often faces problems such as difficulty in adjusting the density, complex charging process, and uneven blasting effect. In addition, when the charge amount is fixed when designing blasting parameters, the explosives in the blasthole will be concentrated in the middle and lower parts during on-site construction. Due to the uneven blasting effect, the top rock may be subjected to less blasting energy, resulting in the appearance of large pieces on the top, increasing the workload of subsequent processing, and increasing the labor intensity and safety risks of the operators. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing low-density on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive using corncob particles, which can realize mechanized low-density charging, reduce the charging amount per meter, lengthen the charging height, and reduce the appearance of large pieces on the top.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, in the first aspect, the corncob particles provided by the present invention are used to prepare low-density on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosives using the following technical solutions:

[0007] A low-density on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive prepared from corncob particles comprises porous granular ammonium nitrate, corncob particles and fuel oil, wherein the weight ratio of the porous granular ammonium nitrate, corncob particles and fuel oil is (67-92):(5-30):(0-3).

[0008] By adopting the above technical scheme, corn cobs, as agricultural waste, have the characteristics of lightness and porosity. Corn cob particles, porous granular ammonium nitrate and fuel oil are added and mixed according to the above proportions. Corn cobs and fuel oil are both combustible agents, providing a reducing agent for the ammonium oil-fuel mixture formula. At the same time, because corn cobs are a low-density material, adding corn cob particles can effectively lower the density of ammonium oil-fuel mixture, thereby realizing low-density mechanized charging, reducing the amount of charging by meter, lengthening the charging height, and reducing the appearance of large pieces on the top to optimize the blasting effect; and when charging the pre-splitting hole, there is no need to manually control the blasting effect by using interval charging according to the design scheme, which can significantly reduce the workload and reduce the intensity of work.

[0009] By effectively utilizing corn cob particles in explosives, a greener and more environmentally friendly solution is explored for a more difficult-to-handle biomass waste generated in the agricultural production process; the density of ammonium oil explosives can be flexibly adjusted according to engineering needs to achieve better blasting effects in blasting work in softer rock formations and special application areas, with better economic and environmental benefits.

[0010] Optionally, the bulk density of the corncob particles is 0.2-0.4 g / cm 3 .

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution and adding the corncob particles with low bulk density into the explosives, the low density of the explosives can be adjusted more flexibly, so that the density of the explosives can be adjusted according to practical needs on site.

[0012] Optionally, the corncob particles have a particle size of 0.5-2.5 mm.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the corn cob particles with the above particle size can reach 0.2-0.4g / cm 3 The bulk density.

[0014] Optionally, the components of the corncob particles include hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, wherein the content of hemicellulose is 35-40%, the content of cellulose is 32-36%, and the content of lignin is 17-25%.

[0015] By adopting the above technical scheme, the corn cob particles composed of the above content of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin have a certain combustibility; and have the advantages of uniform structure, appropriate hardness, good toughness, good wear resistance, etc.

[0016] Optional, density 0.55-0.8g / cm 3 .

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the density of the ammonium oil-fired fuel obtained by the above formula can be lowered to 0.55-0.8g / cm3 The above density can realize the low-density construction of ammonium oil-fuel mixture while ensuring the blasting power of ammonium oil-fuel mixture.

[0018] Optionally, the bulk density of the porous granular ammonium nitrate is 0.73-0.86 g / cm 3 .

[0019] By adopting the above technical scheme, the porous granular ammonium nitrate of the above-mentioned bulk density and the corn cob of the above-mentioned bulk density are compounded for use, so that the density of the ammonium oil-fuel mixture can be adjusted more flexibly and the density of the ammonium oil-fuel mixture can be made uniform everywhere.

[0020] Optionally, the porous granular ammonium nitrate contains more than 95% particles with a particle size of 0.50-2.50 mm.

[0021] Optionally, the kinematic viscosity of the fuel oil at 20°C is 2-7 mm 2 / s, density at 20℃ is 730-850kg / m 3 .

[0022] Optionally, the fuel oil includes one or more of white oil, mineral oil and vegetable oil.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the above fuel oil can improve the dispersion of materials, improve the fluidity of explosives, and in special circumstances can improve the sensitivity of explosives.

[0024] In the second aspect, the method for preparing low-density on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive from corncob particles provided by the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0025] A method for preparing low-density on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive from corncob particles comprises the following steps: after measuring porous granular ammonium nitrate, corncob particles and fuel oil, all of them are evenly mixed to obtain low-density mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive.

[0026] In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0027] 1. Add corncob particles, porous granular ammonium nitrate and fuel oil according to the above proportions and mix them. Corncob is a relatively cheap combustible agent and provides a reducing agent for the ammonium nitrate oil explosive formula;

[0028] 2. Adding corncob particles can lower the density of ammonium oil explosives, thereby realizing mechanized low-density charging, reducing the amount of charging per meter, lengthening the charging height, reducing the consumption of explosives and optimizing the blasting effect; and when charging in the pre-splitting hole, there is no need to manually control the blasting effect by using interval charging according to the design plan, which can significantly reduce the workload and reduce the intensity of work.

[0029] 3. By effectively utilizing corn cob particles in explosives, a greener and more environmentally friendly solution is explored for a biomass waste that is difficult to handle during agricultural production. The density of ammonium nitrate explosives can be flexibly adjusted according to engineering needs, with good economic and environmental benefits. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to better understand the essence of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in conjunction with the examples below. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The specific conditions not specified in the examples are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used without indicating the manufacturer are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0031] 1. Implementation

[0032] Embodiment 1:

[0033] The invention discloses a low-density on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive prepared by using corncob particles. The on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive is prepared by weighing 92 parts of porous granular ammonium nitrate, 5 parts of corncob particles and 3 parts of fuel oil with a total weight of 1 kg, and mixing them evenly.

[0034] Corncob granule powder is made from high-quality corncobs. It is beige or yellowish brown in color. It is a replacement product for various meal granule powders in the past. It has the advantages of uniform texture, appropriate hardness, good toughness, and good wear resistance. The ingredients in corncob granules include hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. The content of hemicellulose is 35-40%, the content of cellulose is 32-36%, and the content of lignin is 17-25%. The preferred content of hemicellulose is 38%, the content of cellulose is 34%, and the content of lignin is 22%. The bulk density of corncob granules is 0.2g / cm 3 -0.4g / cm 3 , preferably 0.3 g / cm 3 , the average size range is 0.5-2.5mm;

[0035] The bulk density of porous granular ammonium nitrate is 0.73 g / cm 3 -0.86g / cm 3 , preferably 0.76 g / cm 3 , its particle size (0.50mm-2.50mm) is greater than 95%;

[0036] Fuel oil is mineral oil, specifically diesel, with a kinematic viscosity of 2-7 mm at 20°C. 2 / s, preferably 2mm 2 / s; 20℃ density 730-850kg / m 3 , preferably 730kg / m3 .

[0037] Embodiment 2:

[0038] A method for preparing a low-density on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive using corn cob particles is different from Example 1 in that: based on a total amount of 1 kg, 87.5 parts of porous granular ammonium nitrate, 10 parts of corn cob particles, and 2.5 parts of fuel oil are weighed, and the on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive is prepared after uniform mixing.

[0039] Embodiment 3:

[0040] A method for preparing a low-density on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive using corn cob particles is different from Example 1 in that: based on a total amount of 1 kg, 83 parts of porous granular ammonium nitrate, 15 parts of corn cob particles, and 2 parts of fuel oil are weighed, and the on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive is prepared after uniform mixing.

[0041] Embodiment 4:

[0042] A method for preparing a low-density on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive using corn cob particles is different from Example 1 in that: based on a total amount of 1 kg, 79 parts of porous granular ammonium nitrate, 20 parts of corn cob particles, and 1 part of fuel oil are weighed, and the on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive is prepared after uniform mixing.

[0043] Embodiment 5:

[0044] A method for preparing a low-density on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive using corn cob particles is different from Example 1 in that: based on a total amount of 1 kg, 69 parts of porous granular ammonium nitrate, 30 parts of corn cob particles, and 1 part of fuel oil are weighed, and the on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive is prepared after uniform mixing.

[0045] Embodiment 6:

[0046] A method for preparing a low-density on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive using corncob particles is different from Example 1 in that: based on a total amount of 1 kg, 70 parts of porous granular ammonium nitrate, 30 parts of corncob particles, and 0 part of fuel oil are weighed, and the on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive is prepared after mixing evenly.

[0047] 2. Comparison

[0048] Comparative Example 1:

[0049] The difference from Example 1 is that: based on a total amount of 1 kg, 95 parts of porous granular ammonium nitrate, 0 parts of corncob particles, and 5 parts of diesel are weighed, and after uniform mixing, an on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive is obtained.

[0050] 3. Performance test

[0051] 1) the density of the on-site mixed ammonium nitrate-oil explosive prepared by embodiment 1-6 and comparative example 1 was detected, and the test result is as shown in table 1;

[0052] 2) The detonation velocity of the on-site mixed ammonium nitrate-oil explosive prepared by Example 1-6 and Comparative Example 1 was detected, and three parallel tests were carried out. The test results are as shown in Table 1.

[0053] Table 1:

[0054]

[0055] In combination with Examples 1-6, Comparative Example 1 and Table 1, it can be seen that the density of the on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil-fuel mixture of the present application is significantly lower than the density of the ammonium nitrate oil-fuel mixture without adding corncob particles. The density of the on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil-fuel mixture prepared within the weight range of the present application is 0.55-0.8g / cm 3 The adjustment range is large, and the detonation speed of the on-site mixed ammonium oil explosive of the present application is moderate, so the density can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs of the project, to achieve mechanized low-density charging, reduce the meter-long charging amount, lengthen the charging height, reduce the consumption of explosives and optimize the blasting effect.

[0056] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the products, methods, and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing low-density on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive using corncob particles, characterized in that: The invention comprises porous granular ammonium nitrate, corncob particles and fuel oil, wherein the weight ratio of the porous granular ammonium nitrate, corncob particles and fuel oil is (67-92):(5-30):(0-3).

2. A method of preparing low-density on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive utilizing corncob particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bulk density of the corncob particles is 0.2-0.4 g / cm 3 .

3. A method of preparing low-density on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive utilizing corncob particles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The particle size of the corncob particles is 0.5-2.5 mm.

4. A method of preparing low-density on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive utilizing corncob particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The components of the corncob particles include hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, wherein the content of hemicellulose is 35-40%, the content of cellulose is 32-36%, and the content of lignin is 17-25%.

5. A method of preparing low-density on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive utilizing corncob particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Density 0.55-0.8g / cm 3 .

6. A method for preparing low-density on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive utilizing corncob particles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bulk density of the porous granular ammonium nitrate is 0.73-0.86 g / cm 3 .

7. A method for preparing low-density on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive utilizing corncob particles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The porous granular ammonium nitrate has more than 95% particles with a particle size of 0.50-2.50 mm.

8. A method for preparing low-density on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive utilizing corncob particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The kinematic viscosity of the fuel oil at 20°C is 2-7 mm 2 / s, density at 20℃ is 730-850kg / m 3 .

9. A method for preparing low-density on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive utilizing corncob particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel oil includes one or more of white oil, mineral oil and vegetable oil.

10. A method for preparing a low-density on-site mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive utilizing corncob particles as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: After the porous granular ammonium nitrate, corncob particles and fuel oil are measured and evenly mixed, a low-density mixed ammonium nitrate oil explosive is obtained.

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