A surface automatic liquid filling system and monitoring method for online monitoring of wellbore liquid level

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of oil drilling engineering technology, and specifically to a wellbore liquid level online monitoring ground automatic liquid filling system and monitoring method. The present invention comprises a central control device, a wellbore liquid level online monitoring device, a ground drilling fluid automatic filling system and an automatic drill rod mechanism controller; the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device is connected to the ground drilling fluid automatic filling system, the central control device is wirelessly connected to the anode well liquid level online monitoring device, the ground drilling fluid automatic filling system and the automatic drill rod mechanism controller, and the anode well liquid level online monitoring device and the ground drilling fluid automatic filling system are wirelessly controlled; the present invention accurately and continuously monitors the wellbore liquid level, realizes automatic filling or stopping of drilling fluid during the process of drilling, so that the downhole liquid column pressure and the formation pressure are always balanced or approximately balanced, reducing the labor intensity and avoiding the occurrence of well kick or well leakage accidents during the drilling operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling engineering, and in particular to a system and method for online monitoring of wellbore liquid level and automatic surface liquid filling. Background Art

[0002] In oil drilling operations, accurate monitoring of the wellbore liquid level and timely filling are crucial to ensure well control safety. However, existing technologies have problems such as low accuracy, low efficiency, high labor intensity, and susceptibility to interference in wellbore liquid level monitoring and filling operations, which makes it difficult to meet the safety and efficiency requirements of modern drilling projects.

[0003] When drilling a well, if the bottom hole pressure is lower than the formation pressure when drilling into an oil and gas layer, the formation fluid will enter the wellbore. After a large amount of formation fluid enters the wellbore, it is possible to cause well kicks, blowouts, or even fires. Therefore, during the drilling process, taking effective measures to control the pressure of oil and gas wells is an extremely important part of drilling, ensuring that the pressure of the liquid column in the well is balanced or approximately balanced with the formation pressure, avoiding well kicks or blowouts, and achieving safe drilling. At present, the dynamic monitoring and automatic filling technology in the petroleum equipment manufacturing industry is relatively backward, and the process from gas invasion to overflow is slower than people think, mainly because people discover it late. The overflow to blowout develops quickly, and often there is no time to shut down the well, and a blowout occurs. If the gas invasion can be discovered at the beginning of the drilling process, and the well shut-in measures are taken earlier, the success rate of well shut-in can be further improved, and the blowout uncontrolled accidents can be further reduced, and huge economic losses can be avoided. During the drilling process, in order to ensure that no safe well control accidents occur, the well killing process of injecting well killing fluid into the wellbore is usually adopted. However, due to the lack of necessary wellbore liquid level monitoring technology, injection can only be carried out based on the experience of on-site operators, and it is difficult to grasp the downhole pressure balance. The result is: losing sight of one thing while focusing on another; suppressing the trend of well inrush and blowout, but allowing the well-killing fluid to invade the reservoir, pollute the oil layer and even cause well leakage, which has an adverse impact on the subsequent production of the oil well.

[0004] The purpose of the invention is to solve the problem of no dedicated on-line monitoring of the wellbore liquid level and the ground automatic filling system during the drilling process. Therefore, the system uses an advanced on-line monitoring device for the wellbore liquid level, which is used for on-line real-time monitoring of the wellbore liquid level and can monitor the wellbore liquid level during positive circulation mud filling. The automatic grouting system connected to it can correctly judge the drilling and drilling status, monitor the well kick and leakage during the drilling and drilling process, and can realize automatic filling of drilling fluid and automatic stopping of filling. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention relates to a wellbore liquid level online monitoring and ground automatic liquid filling system, and aims to provide an advanced, simple and feasible wellbore liquid level online monitoring and ground automatic liquid filling new system, which can control the liquid level position in the wellbore through the industrial control computer system program, so that the liquid column pressure in the well and the formation pressure are always balanced or approximately balanced, avoiding well kick or well leakage, and realizing safe drilling.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted is: a wellbore liquid level online monitoring and ground automatic liquid filling system, including a central control device, a wellbore liquid level online monitoring device, a ground drilling fluid automatic filling system and an automatic drill rod mechanism controller; the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device is connected to the ground drilling fluid automatic filling system, and the central control device is wirelessly connected to the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device, the ground drilling fluid automatic filling system and the automatic drill rod mechanism controller, and wireless communication and automatic control are performed on the data of the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device, the ground drilling fluid automatic filling system and the automatic drill rod mechanism controller.

[0007] The central control system controls the start and stop of the wellbore liquid level online monitoring ground automatic filling system, and displays the field data and parameter settings of the entire system in real time. The central control system is connected by an industrial control computer, a power module, an LCD screen, a CPU circuit board and a wireless module electrical signal.

[0008] The wellbore liquid level online monitoring device monitors the downhole liquid level data in real time, and provides the automatic filling system with filling and abnormal alarm information data; the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device includes an acoustic wave transceiver and a wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit, the acoustic wave transceiver is connected to the ground drilling fluid automatic filling system, the wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit and the acoustic wave transceiver are wirelessly connected, the acoustic wave transceiver uses the sonar pulse wave principle to monitor the downhole liquid level depth, and wirelessly sends the collected information to the wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit. The data acquisition unit is composed of a sound wave generator and a data collector, and the sound wave generator and the data collector are connected by electrical signals and are used to wirelessly transmit the data received by the sound wave transceiver to the central control device.

[0009] The automatic surface drilling fluid filling system has the functions of automatic fluid replenishment and automatic fluid filling, and comprises a liquid storage tank, a filling tank, an overflow monitor, an automatic filling controller, a filling pump, a filling control valve, a drilling wellhead device, a sonar pulse wave controller and an annulus connection valve; the liquid storage tank is arranged at the lower part of the filling tank for the convenience of liquid storage, and the liquid storage tank and the filling tank are externally connected with a filter with a secondary sedimentation and sand removal function; the overflow monitor is connected to the filling tank; the automatic filling controller is connected to the liquid storage tank; the filling pump, the filling control valve, the sonar pulse wave controller, the annulus connection valve and the drilling wellhead device are connected to the filling tank in sequence from near to far; the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device is connected to the annulus connection valve with an electrical signal.

[0010] The automatic drill rod mechanism controller is used to wirelessly receive data from the central control system, correctly judge the state of starting and drilling, and control the injection and stop of the drilling fluid of the ground drilling fluid automatic injection system.

[0011] The central control system controls the start and stop of the on-line monitoring system of the wellbore liquid level and the automatic filling system on the ground, and displays the field data and the parameter settings of the whole system in real time. The central control system is formed by the electrical signal connection of an industrial control computer, a power module, an LCD screen, a CPU circuit board and a wireless module; the on-line monitoring device for the wellbore liquid level monitors the downhole liquid level data in real time, and provides the automatic filling system with filling and abnormal alarm information data; the on-line monitoring device for the wellbore liquid level includes an acoustic wave transceiver and a wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit, the acoustic wave transceiver is connected to the automatic filling system of the ground drilling fluid, the wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit and the acoustic wave transceiver are wirelessly connected, the acoustic wave transceiver uses the sonar pulse wave principle to monitor the downhole liquid level depth, and wirelessly sends the collected information to the wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit; the data acquisition unit is used to wirelessly transmit the received data to the central control device; the wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit is composed of an acoustic wave generator and a data acquisition unit, the acoustic wave generator is connected to the automatic filling system of the ground drilling fluid, the wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit and the acoustic wave generator are wirelessly connected, the acoustic wave generator is connected to the wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit ... The generator is connected to the data acquisition device by electrical signals; the surface drilling fluid automatic perfusion system has the functions of automatic fluid replenishment and automatic fluid filling, and the surface drilling fluid automatic perfusion system includes a liquid storage tank, a liquid filling tank, an overflow monitor, an automatic liquid filling controller, a liquid filling pump, a liquid filling control valve, a drilling wellhead device, a sonar pulse wave controller and an annulus connection valve; the liquid storage tank is arranged at the lower part of the liquid filling tank for easy liquid storage, and the liquid storage tank and the liquid filling tank are externally connected with a filter with a secondary sedimentation and sand removal function; the overflow monitor is connected to the liquid filling tank; the automatic liquid filling controller is connected to the liquid storage tank; the liquid filling pump, the liquid filling control valve, the sonar pulse wave controller, the annulus connection valve and the drilling wellhead device are connected to the liquid filling tank in sequence from near to far; the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device is connected to the annulus connection valve by electrical signals; the automatic drill rod mechanism controller is used to wirelessly receive data from the central control system, correctly judge the state of drilling and drilling, and control the perfusion and stop of the drilling fluid of the surface drilling fluid automatic perfusion system.

[0012] A method for monitoring a wellbore liquid level online monitoring surface automatic liquid filling system comprises the following steps: Step 1: The wellbore liquid level online monitoring device collects downhole liquid level data in real time and provides filling and abnormal alarm information data for the surface drilling fluid automatic filling system; Step 2: The ground drilling fluid automatic injection system correctly determines the state of starting and drilling, realizes automatic injection of drilling fluid and automatic stop of injection of drilling fluid, and uses the automatic drill pipe mechanism controller to complete the control of automatic injection; Step 3: The central control system will classify and store the generated data, and can support historical data query, statistics, and printing.

[0013] The step 1 of the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device adopts a portable non-explosive monitoring method; the specific process is as follows: first, the sound wave transceiver device of the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device is connected to the annulus valve, the wellhead of the drilling wellhead device is connected to a nitrogen bottle, and the nitrogen in the nitrogen bottle is used as power. The industrial control computer regularly sends out sonar pulse waves every 30s to 60s, which are transmitted to the downhole liquid surface through the annulus wellbore connected to the annulus valve, and the real-time monitored liquid level data is wirelessly transmitted to the wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit through the sound wave transceiver. The data acquisition unit wirelessly transmits the data to the central control system. The central control system analyzes and processes the data and the drilling fluid volume injected into the wellbore during drilling and the drilling fluid volume measured by the automatic drill rod mechanism controller. The calculation result data is then wirelessly transmitted to the automatic filling controller, and the automatic filling controller starts and stops the filling pump according to the data results. The central control system monitors the well kick and well leakage during the drilling process, and realizes automatic filling of drilling fluid and automatic stopping of filling; The specific process of step 2 is as follows: by measuring the amount of drilling fluid injected when pulling out the drill, it is compared with the displacement of the corresponding drill tool: if it is greater than the displacement, it means that there may be leakage in the wellbore; if it is less than the displacement, it means that there may be overflow or leakage; if it is equal to the displacement, it means it is normal; during the drilling process, the amount of drilling fluid in the wellbore that flows out through the overflow pipe due to the entry of the drill tool is compared with the displacement of the corresponding drill tool to obtain the result; the ground drilling fluid automatic injection system automatically determines whether it is a pulling out or drilling down condition through the traveling block height measuring device installed on the drawworks shaft end on the derrick and the shackle monitoring device on the hydraulic tongs or hanging tongs installed on the derrick, and automatically calculates the number of drill tools pulled out or lowered, and provides corresponding data for comparison with the displacement of the corresponding drill tools; when the traveling block is lifted to a certain height and the tongs have a corresponding shackle action, the device It is determined that it is a drilling condition and starts counting. When the set number of drilling tools is reached, the filling pump is automatically started to fill the wellbore with drilling fluid. When the amount of drilling fluid filled reaches the displacement volume of the set drilling tool, if the overflow detector detects that the outflow of drilling fluid is flowing out, it means that the filling is normal and the filling pump will be automatically stopped. When the displacement volume of the set drilling tool is exceeded and no drilling fluid flows out of the overflow pipe, it means that there may be a well leakage and an alarm is issued. If the filling volume is less than the set displacement volume and drilling fluid flows out, it means that there may be a well leakage and an alarm is issued. The device determines that it is drilling down and counts. The drilling fluid flowing out of the wellbore goes to the filling pool. The overflow monitor on the filling pool transmits the detected change in the volume of drilling fluid to the drill rod mechanism controller, and the drill rod mechanism controller compares it with the corresponding drilling number and the displacement volume of the corresponding drilling tool. These data are processed by the drill rod mechanism controller, displayed on the drilling platform display and an alarm is issued.

[0014] Beneficial effects: 1. The present invention improves the accuracy and real-time performance of wellbore liquid level monitoring through an online wellbore liquid level monitoring device, and provides accurate downhole liquid level data for drilling operations.

[0015] 2. The present invention realizes automatic surface drilling fluid filling through the surface drilling fluid automatic filling system, which reduces the labor intensity of drilling personnel and reduces the occurrence of accidents.

[0016] 3. The present invention automatically determines the drilling status, well kick and well leakage through the automatic drill pipe mechanism controller, and performs corresponding operations and alarms, thereby improving the safety of drilling operations.

[0017] 4. The central control system of the present invention has data storage and query functions, providing reliable data analysis for drilling operations.

[0018] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of the automatic drill rod mechanism controller of the present invention. In the figure: 1. Overflow monitor; 2. Automatic filling controller; 3. Filling pump; 4. Filling control valve; 5. Drilling wellhead device; 6. Oil casing annulus connection valve; 7. Acoustic wave transceiver; 8. Wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit; 9. Automatic drill pipe mechanism controller; 10. Central control system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example: according to Figure 1-Figure 2The wellbore liquid level online monitoring and ground automatic filling system shown in the figure includes a central control device 10, a wellbore liquid level online monitoring device, a ground drilling fluid automatic filling system and an automatic drill rod mechanism controller 9; the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device is connected to the ground drilling fluid automatic filling system, and the central control device 10 is wirelessly connected to the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device, the ground drilling fluid automatic filling system and the automatic drill rod mechanism controller 9, and wireless communication and automatic control are performed on the data of the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device, the ground drilling fluid automatic filling system and the automatic drill rod mechanism controller 9.

[0023] Furthermore, the central control system 10 controls the start and stop of the surface automatic filling system for online monitoring of the wellbore liquid level, and displays the field data and parameter settings of the entire system in real time. The central control system 10 is composed of an industrial control computer, a power module, a liquid crystal screen, a CPU circuit board and a wireless module electrical signal connection.

[0024] As the command center of the entire system, it is responsible for wireless data communication and control with the wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit 8, the ground drilling fluid automatic injection system, and the automatic drill rod mechanism controller 9. The wireless communication adopts Bluetooth technology. The central control system 10 has the function of storing the drilling wellbore liquid level data, providing reliable data analysis for drilling operations. It has strong data storage capacity and can call up historical curves, data, well pressure injection volume and liquid level abnormality alarm information at any time. The central control system 10 displays and stores various data of the drilling site and the parameter settings of the entire system in real time; the LCD screen of the central control unit 10 adopts a high-definition 10.4-inch TFT true color screen, which can support touch buttons, and the displayed data and waveforms are intuitive.

[0025] Further, such as Figure 1As shown, the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device monitors the downhole liquid level data in real time, and provides the automatic filling system with filling and abnormal alarm information data; the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device includes an acoustic wave transceiver 7 and a wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit 8, the acoustic wave transceiver 7 is connected to the ground drilling fluid automatic filling system, the wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit 8 and the acoustic wave transceiver 7 are wirelessly connected, the acoustic wave transceiver 7 uses the sonar pulse wave principle to monitor the downhole liquid level depth, and wirelessly sends the collected information to the wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit 8. Using the nitrogen in the nitrogen bottle as power, the industrial control computer regularly sends out sonar pulse waves from the controller every 30s to 60s, and transmits them to the liquid surface in the well through the oil casing annulus connection valve 6; in this process, the sonar pulse wave returns a sonar pulse wave every time it encounters a drill pipe, until it returns after encountering liquid, and the sonic wave transceiver 7 receives the pulse wave returned from the drill pipe. Since the amplitude of the pulse wave changes when it propagates on the drill pipe, the amplitude change curve is displayed on the industrial control computer, and its peak value represents that the sonar encounters the drill pipe coupling, and the number of peak values ​​represents the number of whole drill pipes; then the product of the length of the drill pipe used and the number of peak values ​​is the total length of the whole drill pipe used in the wellbore. When the pulse encounters the liquid surface, the amplitude will change greatly, and the fluctuation will be greater. When calculating the depth from the coupling closest to the liquid surface to the liquid surface position, the error will be relatively large, but the maximum error is only half the length of the drill pipe.

[0026] Furthermore, the data acquisition unit 8 wirelessly transmits the received data to the central control device 10; the wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit 8 is composed of an acoustic wave generator and a data acquisition device, and the acoustic wave generator and the data acquisition device are existing technologies and are electrically connected to each other; the acoustic wave generator generates acoustic waves, and the acoustic wave generator is composed of a microphone, a solenoid valve, an exhaust valve, a pressure gauge and a wellhead connector; the data acquisition device collects and stores the number of acoustic waves, and the data acquisition device circuit is composed of a microprocessor circuit, a data storage circuit, a system clock circuit, a microphone circuit, a pulse generating circuit, a detection circuit, a driving circuit and a wireless communication circuit.

[0027] Furthermore, the automatic surface drilling fluid injection system has automatic fluid replenishment and automatic fluid injection functions, and the automatic surface drilling fluid injection system includes a liquid storage tank, a liquid injection tank, an overflow monitor 1, an automatic liquid injection controller 2, a liquid injection pump 3, a liquid injection control valve 4, a drilling wellhead device 5, a sonar pulse wave controller and an annulus connection valve 6; the liquid storage tank is arranged at the lower part of the liquid injection tank, and the liquid storage tank and the liquid injection tank are connected by a conical pipeline to facilitate liquid storage. The liquid storage tank and the liquid injection tank are externally connected with a filter with a secondary sedimentation and sand removal function; the overflow monitor 1 is connected to the liquid injection tank; the automatic liquid injection controller 2 is connected to the liquid storage tank; the liquid injection pump 3, the liquid injection control valve 4, the sonar pulse wave controller, the annulus connection valve 6 and the drilling wellhead device 5 are connected to the liquid injection tank in sequence from near to far; the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device is electrically connected to the annulus connection valve 6. When starting drilling, the amount of drilling fluid injected during starting drilling is measured by the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device and compared with the displacement of the corresponding drill tool. During the drilling process, the amount of drilling fluid flowing out is measured by the wellbore liquid level and compared with the displacement of the corresponding drill tool. The data is transmitted to the industrial control computer 10, and the industrial control computer 10 transmits the calculated data to the automatic drill rod counting mechanism controller 9. The automatic drill rod counting mechanism controller 9 can correctly judge the state of starting drilling and drilling, monitor the well kick and leakage during the drilling process, and can realize automatic injection of drilling fluid and automatic stop of injection.

[0028] Further, such as Figure 2 As shown, the automatic drill rod mechanism controller 9 is used to wirelessly receive data from the central control system 10, correctly judge the state of starting and drilling, and control the injection and stopping of the drilling fluid of the automatic injection system of the ground drilling fluid; the automatic drill rod mechanism controller 9 is a prior art, and is composed of an automatic injection unit, an automatic fluid replenishment unit, a microprocessor unit, a wireless communication unit, an over-limit protection unit, a drive circuit, a flow meter and an electromagnetic valve, wherein the over-limit protection unit is respectively connected to the microprocessor unit to perform over-limit protection on the microprocessor unit; the flow meter is connected to the microprocessor unit to monitor the flow rate; the microprocessor unit is respectively connected to the automatic injection unit and the automatic fluid replenishment unit to control the injection or fluid replenishment of the system; the microprocessor unit is bidirectionally connected to the wireless communication unit, and information is bidirectionally fed back; the microprocessor unit is also connected to a drive unit, the drive unit is connected to the electromagnetic valve, the electromagnetic valve is connected to the injection and fluid replenishment pipelines, and controls the opening and closing of the injection or fluid replenishment.

[0029] Further, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the central control system 10 controls the start and stop of the wellbore liquid level online monitoring ground automatic filling system, and displays the field data and the parameter settings of the whole system in real time. The central control system 10 is composed of an industrial control computer, a power module, a liquid crystal screen, a CPU circuit board and a wireless module; the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device monitors the downhole liquid level data in real time, and provides the automatic filling system with filling and abnormal alarm information data; the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device includes an acoustic wave transceiver 7 and a wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit 8, the acoustic wave transceiver 7 is connected to the ground drilling fluid automatic filling system, the wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit 8 and the acoustic wave transceiver 7 are wirelessly connected, the acoustic wave transceiver 7 uses the sonar pulse wave principle to monitor the downhole liquid level depth, and sends the collected information wirelessly to the wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit 8; the data acquisition unit 8 is composed of an acoustic wave generator and a data acquisition device, the acoustic wave The generator and the data collector are connected by electrical signals for wirelessly transmitting the received data to the central control device 10; the acoustic wave generator generates sound waves, and the acoustic wave generator is composed of a microphone, a solenoid valve, an exhaust valve, a pressure gauge and a wellhead connector; the data collector collects and stores the number of sound waves, and the data collector circuit is composed of a microprocessor circuit, a data storage circuit, a system clock circuit, a microphone circuit, a pulse generation circuit, a detection circuit, a drive circuit and a wireless communication circuit; the ground drilling fluid automatic perfusion system has automatic fluid replenishment and automatic fluid filling functions, and the ground drilling fluid automatic perfusion system includes a liquid storage tank, a liquid filling tank, an overflow monitor 1, and an automatic liquid filling Controller 2, filling pump 3, filling control valve 4, drilling wellhead device 5, sonar pulse wave controller and annulus connection valve 6; the liquid storage tank is arranged at the lower part of the filling tank for easy storage of liquid, and the liquid storage tank and the filling tank are externally connected with filters with secondary sedimentation and sand removal function; the overflow monitor 1 is connected to the filling tank; the automatic filling controller 2 is connected to the liquid storage tank; the filling pump 3, filling control valve 4, sonar pulse wave controller, annulus connection valve 6 and drilling wellhead device 5 are connected to the filling tank in sequence from near to far; the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device is connected to the annulus connection valve 6 electrical signal; the automatic drill pipe mechanism controller 9 is used to wirelessly receive the central control The data of the control system 10 is used to correctly judge the state of starting and drilling, and the filling and stopping of the drilling fluid of the automatic filling system of the ground drilling fluid are controlled; the automatic drill rod mechanism controller 9 is composed of an automatic filling unit, an automatic filling unit, a microprocessor unit, a wireless communication unit, an over-limit protection unit, a drive unit, a flow meter and an electromagnetic valve. The over-limit protection unit is respectively connected to the microprocessor unit to perform over-limit protection on the microprocessor unit; the flow meter is connected to the microprocessor unit to monitor the flow; the microprocessor unit is respectively connected to the automatic filling unit and the automatic filling unit to control the filling or filling of the system; the microprocessor unit is bidirectionally connected to the wireless communication unit, and information is bidirectionally fed back;The microprocessor unit is also connected to a drive unit, which is connected to a solenoid valve, which is connected to the filling and replenishing pipelines to control the opening and closing of the filling or replenishing.

[0030] The present invention improves the accuracy and real-time performance of wellbore liquid level monitoring, provides accurate downhole liquid level data for drilling operations, realizes automatic surface liquid filling, reduces the labor intensity of drilling personnel, and reduces the occurrence of accidents.

[0031] The invention can automatically judge the state of drilling, well kick and well leakage, and perform corresponding operations and alarms, thereby improving the safety of drilling operations. The invention has data storage and query functions, and provides reliable data analysis for drilling operations.

[0032] Different from the above-mentioned embodiment, a method for monitoring the wellbore liquid level online by using a surface automatic liquid filling system comprises the following steps: Step 1: The wellbore liquid level online monitoring device collects downhole liquid level data in real time and provides filling and abnormal alarm information data for the surface drilling fluid automatic filling system; Step 2: The ground drilling fluid automatic injection system correctly determines the state of starting and drilling, realizes automatic injection of drilling fluid and automatic stop of injection of drilling fluid, and uses the automatic drill pipe mechanism controller to complete the control of automatic injection; Step 3: The central control system will classify and store the generated data, and can support historical data query, statistics, and printing.

[0033] The step 1 wellbore liquid level online monitoring device adopts a portable non-explosive monitoring method; the specific process is as follows: first, the acoustic wave transceiver 7 of the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device is connected to the annulus valve 6, the wellhead of the drilling wellhead device 5 is connected to a nitrogen bottle, and the nitrogen in the nitrogen bottle is used as power. The industrial control computer regularly sends out sonar pulse waves every 30s to 60s from the sonar pulse wave controller, which is transmitted to the downhole liquid surface through the annulus wellbore connected to the annulus valve 6, and the real-time monitored liquid level data is wirelessly transmitted to the wellbore liquid through the acoustic wave transceiver 7. The surface data acquisition unit 8 transmits the data wirelessly to the central control system 10. The central control system 10 analyzes and processes the data and the drilling fluid volume injected into the wellbore during drilling and the drilling fluid volume measured by the automatic drill pipe mechanism controller 9. Then, the calculation result data is wirelessly transmitted to the automatic filling controller 2. The automatic filling controller 2 starts and stops the filling pump 3 according to the data result. The central control system 10 monitors the well kick and well leakage during the drilling process, and realizes automatic filling of drilling fluid and automatic stopping of filling. The specific process of step 2 is as follows: by measuring the amount of drilling fluid injected when drilling, and comparing it with the displacement of the corresponding drilling tool: if it is greater than the displacement, it means that there may be leakage in the wellbore; if it is less than the displacement, it means that there may be overflow or leakage; if it is equal to the displacement, it means it is normal; during the drilling process, the amount of drilling fluid in the wellbore that flows out through the overflow pipe due to the entry of the drilling tool is compared with the displacement of the corresponding drilling tool to obtain the result; the ground drilling fluid automatic injection system is installed at the end of the winch shaft on the derrick The traveling block height measuring device and the shackle monitoring device installed on the hydraulic tongs or the lifting tongs on the derrick automatically determine whether it is a pulling-out or a lowering-out condition, and automatically calculate the number of drilling tools pulled out or lowered in, and provide corresponding data for comparison with the corresponding drilling tool replacement amount; when the traveling block is lifted to a certain height and the tongs have a corresponding shackle action, the device determines that it is a pulling-out condition and starts counting. When the set number of drilling tools is reached, the filling pump 3 is automatically started to fill the wellbore with drilling fluid; when the amount of drilling fluid filled reaches the set drilling tool replacement amount, If the overflow detector detects the outflow of drilling fluid, it means that the injection is normal and the injection pump will be automatically stopped; when the displacement volume of the set drill tool is exceeded and no drilling fluid flows out of the overflow pipe, it means that there is a possibility of well leakage and an alarm is issued; if the injection volume is less than the set displacement volume and drilling fluid flows out, it means that there is a possibility of well leakage and an alarm is issued; the device determines that it is drilling down and counts the drilling fluid flowing out of the wellbore to the injection pool. The overflow monitor 1 on the injection pool transmits the detected change in the drilling fluid volume to the drill rod mechanism controller 9, and the drill rod mechanism controller 9 compares it with the corresponding drilling number and the displacement volume of the corresponding drill tool; these data are processed by the drill rod mechanism controller 9, displayed on the drilling platform display and an alarm is issued. In the absence of conflicts, technicians in this field can combine the relevant technical features in the above examples according to actual conditions to achieve corresponding technical effects. The specific combinations are not described here one by one.

[0034] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0035] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0036] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. The present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but should conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. Any simple modification, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wellbore liquid level online monitoring and automatic surface filling system, characterized by: The invention comprises a central control device (10), an online monitoring device for the wellbore liquid level, an automatic surface drilling fluid injection system and an automatic drill rod mechanism controller (9); the online monitoring device for the wellbore liquid level is connected to the automatic surface drilling fluid injection system, and the central control device (10) is wirelessly connected to the online monitoring device for the wellbore liquid level, the automatic surface drilling fluid injection system and the automatic drill rod mechanism controller (9), so as to wirelessly communicate and automatically control the data of the online monitoring device for the wellbore liquid level, the automatic surface drilling fluid injection system and the automatic drill rod mechanism controller (9).

2. A wellbore liquid level online monitoring and surface automatic liquid filling system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The central control system (10) controls the start and stop of the wellbore liquid level online monitoring surface automatic liquid filling system, and displays the field data and parameter settings of the entire system in real time. The central control system (10) is composed of an industrial control computer, a power module, a liquid crystal screen, a CPU circuit board and a wireless module connected by electrical signals.

3. The surface automatic liquid filling system for online monitoring of wellbore liquid level according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wellbore liquid level online monitoring device monitors the downhole liquid level data in real time, and provides the automatic liquid filling system with filling and abnormal alarm information data; the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device comprises a sonic wave transceiver (7) and a wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit (8); the sonic wave transceiver (7) is connected to the ground drilling fluid automatic filling system, the wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit (8) and the sonic wave transceiver (7) are wirelessly connected, and the sonic wave transceiver (7) uses the sonar pulse wave principle to monitor the downhole liquid level depth, and wirelessly sends the collected information to the wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit (8).

4. A wellbore liquid level online monitoring and surface automatic liquid filling system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The data acquisition unit (8) is composed of a sound wave generator and a data collector, and the sound wave generator and the data collector are electrically connected to each other and are used to wirelessly transmit the data received by the sound wave transceiver (7) to the central control device (10).

5. The surface automatic liquid filling system for online monitoring of wellbore liquid level according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface drilling fluid automatic filling system has automatic liquid replenishment and automatic liquid filling functions, and comprises a liquid storage tank, a filling tank, an overflow monitor (1), an automatic liquid filling controller (2), a liquid filling pump (3), a liquid filling control valve (4), a drilling wellhead device (5), a sonar pulse wave controller and an annulus connection valve (6); the liquid storage tank is arranged at the lower part of the filling tank for easy liquid storage, and the liquid storage tank and the filling tank are externally connected with a filter having a secondary sedimentation and sand removal function; the overflow monitor (1) is connected to the filling tank; the automatic liquid filling controller (2) is connected to the liquid storage tank; the liquid filling pump (3), the liquid filling control valve (4), the sonar pulse wave controller, the annulus connection valve (6) and the drilling wellhead device (5) are connected to the filling tank in sequence from near to far; the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device is connected to the annulus connection valve (6) by electrical signals.

6. The surface automatic liquid filling system for online monitoring of wellbore liquid level according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic drill rod mechanism controller (9) is used to wirelessly receive data from the central control system (10), correctly determine the state of drilling and drilling down, and control the injection and stop of the drilling fluid of the ground drilling fluid automatic injection system.

7. The surface automatic liquid filling system for online monitoring of wellbore liquid level according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central control system (10) controls the start and stop of the wellbore liquid level online monitoring surface automatic liquid filling system, and displays the field data and the parameter settings of the entire system in real time. The central control system (10) is composed of an industrial control computer, a power module, a liquid crystal screen, a CPU circuit board and a wireless module. The wellbore liquid level online monitoring device monitors the downhole liquid level data in real time and provides the automatic liquid filling system with liquid filling and abnormal alarm information data. The wellbore liquid level online monitoring device includes an acoustic wave transceiver (7) and a wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit (8). The acoustic wave transceiver (7) is connected to the surface drilling fluid automatic filling system. The wellbore liquid level data is collected by the wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit (8). The data acquisition unit (8) is wirelessly connected to the sound wave transceiver (7), the sound wave transceiver (7) uses the sonar pulse wave principle to monitor the depth of the downhole liquid level, and wirelessly sends the collected information to the wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit (8); the data acquisition unit (8) is composed of a sound wave generator and a data acquisition device, the sound wave generator and the data acquisition device are electrically connected to each other and are used to wirelessly transmit the received data to the central control device (10); the sound wave generator generates sound waves, and the sound wave generator is composed of a microphone, a solenoid valve, an exhaust valve, a pressure gauge and a wellhead connector; the data acquisition device collects and stores the number of sound waves, and the data acquisition device is electrically connected to the wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit (8); The automatic surface drilling fluid filling system is composed of a routing microprocessor circuit, a data storage circuit, a system clock circuit, a microphone circuit, a pulse generation circuit, a detection circuit, a drive circuit and a wireless communication circuit; the surface drilling fluid automatic filling system has automatic liquid replenishment and automatic liquid filling functions, and the surface drilling fluid automatic filling system includes a liquid storage tank, a liquid filling tank, an overflow monitor (1), an automatic liquid filling controller (2), a liquid filling pump (3), a liquid filling control valve (4), a drilling wellhead device (5), a sonar pulse wave controller and an annulus connection valve (6); the liquid storage tank is arranged at the lower part of the liquid filling tank, and the liquid storage tank and the liquid filling tank are connected by a conical pipeline to facilitate liquid storage, and the liquid storage tank and the liquid filling tank are connected by a conical pipeline to facilitate liquid storage. The filter is connected to the wellbore and has a secondary sedimentation and sand removal function; the overflow monitor (1) is connected to the filling tank; the automatic filling controller (2) is connected to the storage tank; the filling pump (3), the filling control valve (4), the sonar pulse wave controller, the annulus connection valve (6) and the drilling wellhead device (5) are connected to the filling tank in sequence from near to far; the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device is connected to the annulus connection valve (6) by electrical signals; the automatic drill rod mechanism controller (9) is used to wirelessly receive data from the central control system (10), correctly judge the state of starting and drilling, and control the filling and stopping of the drilling fluid of the ground drilling fluid automatic filling system.

8. A method for monitoring a wellbore liquid level online monitoring surface automatic liquid filling system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are included: Step 1: The wellbore liquid level online monitoring device collects downhole liquid level data in real time and provides filling and abnormal alarm information data for the surface drilling fluid automatic filling system; Step 2: The ground drilling fluid automatic injection system correctly determines the state of starting and stopping drilling, realizes automatic injection of drilling fluid and automatic stop of injection of drilling fluid, and uses the automatic drill rod mechanism controller (9) to complete the control of automatic injection; Step 3: The central control system (10) stores the generated data in categories and supports historical data query, statistics and printing.

9. A method for monitoring a wellbore liquid level online monitoring surface automatic liquid filling system as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The step 1 of the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device adopts a portable non-explosive monitoring method; the specific process is as follows: first, the acoustic wave transceiver (7) of the wellbore liquid level online monitoring device is connected to the annulus valve (6), the wellhead of the drilling wellhead device (5) is connected to a nitrogen bottle, and the nitrogen in the nitrogen bottle is used as power. The industrial control computer regularly sends out sonar pulse waves every 30 seconds to 60 seconds, which are transmitted to the downhole liquid surface through the annulus wellbore connected to the annulus valve (6), and the real-time monitored liquid level data is wirelessly transmitted to the wellbore liquid level data acquisition unit (8) through the acoustic wave transceiver (7). ), the data acquisition unit (8) transmits the data wirelessly to the central control system (10), the central control system (10) analyzes and processes the data and the drilling fluid volume injected into the wellbore during the drilling and the drilling fluid volume measured by the automatic drill rod mechanism controller (9), and then transmits the calculation result data wirelessly to the automatic filling controller (2), the automatic filling controller (2) starts and stops the filling pump (3) according to the data result, and the central control system (10) monitors the well kick and well leakage during the drilling process, so as to realize automatic filling of drilling fluid and automatic stopping of filling.

10. A method for monitoring a wellbore liquid level online monitoring surface automatic liquid filling system as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The specific process of step 2 is as follows: by measuring the amount of drilling fluid injected when pulling out the drill, and comparing it with the displacement of the corresponding drill tool: if it is greater than the displacement, it means that there may be leakage in the wellbore; if it is less than the displacement, it means that there may be overflow or leakage; if it is equal to the displacement, it means it is normal; during the drilling process, the amount of drilling fluid in the wellbore that flows out through the overflow pipe due to the entry of the drill tool can be compared with the displacement of the corresponding drill tool to obtain the result; the ground drilling fluid automatic injection system automatically determines whether it is a pulling out or a drilling down condition through the traveling block height measuring device installed at the end of the drawworks shaft on the derrick and the shackle monitoring device on the hydraulic tongs or the lifting tongs installed on the derrick, and automatically calculates the number of drill tools pulled out or lowered, and provides corresponding data for comparison with the displacement of the corresponding drill tools; when the traveling block is lifted to a certain height and the tongs have a corresponding shackle action, the device determines that it is a pulling out condition, The device starts counting. When the set number of drilling tools is reached, the filling pump (3) is automatically started to fill the wellbore with drilling fluid. When the amount of drilling fluid filled reaches the displacement amount of the set drilling tools, if the overflow detector detects that the drilling fluid is flowing out, it means that the filling is normal and the filling pump will be automatically stopped. When the displacement amount of the set drilling tools is exceeded and no drilling fluid flows out of the overflow pipe, it means that there is a possibility of well leakage and an alarm is issued. If the filling amount is less than the set displacement amount and drilling fluid flows out, it means that there is a possibility of well leakage and an alarm is issued. The device determines that the drilling is in progress and counts. The drilling fluid flowing out of the wellbore enters the filling pool. The overflow monitor (1) on the filling pool transmits the detected change in the volume of the drilling fluid to the drill rod mechanism controller (9). The drill rod mechanism controller (9) compares the detected change with the corresponding drilling number and the displacement amount of the corresponding drilling tools. These data are processed by the drill rod mechanism controller (9) and displayed on the drilling platform display and an alarm is issued.

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