A tunnel trolley

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tunnel trolley, belonging to the technical field of tunnel trolleys, comprising a trolley body and a protective shield above a workbench for covering the top layer of the trolley body, the protective shield being installed on the trolley body through a lifting mechanism, the protective shield having a laying area for laying an anchor net, and the laying area being provided with hollow holes for construction personnel to drill. A lifting and lowering protective shield is installed on the tunnel trolley, and after the protective shield hoists the anchor net, the safety of the construction personnel below it can be protected from being injured by falling rocks, and the feasibility of the trolley to carry out construction work in the tunnel section without initial support is realized, and the three processes of blasting drilling charging, anchor net application, and arch frame bottling, which were originally separated, are operated in parallel, so that the construction process is innovated and the construction efficiency is improved, and the lifting function of the protective shield can also be used to lift the anchor net, and in combination with the hollow holes, the anchor net work can be implemented under protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel trolleys, in particular to a tunnel trolley. Background Art

[0002] In the process of tunnel construction, there are many processes that require the use of tunnel trolleys, such as face blasting and drilling, face charging, installation of wire mesh, anchoring, erection of steel arches, etc. The tunnel trolley can provide operators with a three-dimensional operating space, raising the operating surface of the personnel from the ground to a multi-layer space, and realizing multi-layer simultaneous construction, such as Fig.28 (Positional relationship between conventional trolley 18 and surrounding rock 13 and primary support 15 in tunnel cross section) and Fig.29 (The positional relationship between the conventional trolley 18 and the surrounding rock 13, the tunnel face 14 and the initial support 15 in the tunnel cross section) is shown.

[0003] When the existing tunnel trolley is operating, it cannot carry out construction work at the rear end of the blasted tunnel face without initial support for construction safety considerations, such as Fig.30 As shown (the positional relationship between the traditional trolley 18 and the surrounding rock 13, the heading face 14, the initial support 15 and the surrounding rock area to be supported 17 in the tunnel cross section), because at this time the surrounding rock is very likely to have risks such as falling rocks and blocks, which seriously hinders the application scenarios of the tunnel trolley. For example, all work involving top operations on the tunnel trolley must be carried out after the initial support of the exposed surrounding rock, and the tunnel trolley itself cannot be used to carry out support-related work on the exposed surrounding rock that has not undergone initial support. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above technical problems and provide a tunnel trolley on which other top operations can be carried out before initial support is performed on the exposed surrounding rock, as well as using the tunnel trolley itself to perform related work of initial support on the exposed surrounding rock that has not been initially supported.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention discloses a tunnel trolley, comprising a trolley body and a protective shield above a workbench for covering the top layer of the trolley body, the protective shield being installed on the trolley body through a lifting mechanism, the protective shield having a laying area for laying an anchor net, and the laying area being provided with hollow holes for construction workers to drill.

[0006] Preferably, the laying area is provided with columnar protrusions for clamping the anchor net.

[0007] Preferably, it comprises a single protective shield body or a plurality of protective shields, the plurality of protective shields are arranged side by side along the traveling direction of the trolley body, and each protective shield is independently lifted and lowered by the lifting mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the protective shield has a rectangular shield surface or an arc-shaped shield surface, and the arc of the arc-shaped shield surface is perpendicular to the traveling direction of the trolley body.

[0009] Preferably, the protective shield comprises two half-shields hinged to each other, and the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting cylinder, wherein the lifting cylinder is provided below one end of the half-shields hinged to each other and another end away from each other, the cylinder body of the lifting cylinder is hinged to the top workbench of the trolley body, and the piston rod of the lifting cylinder is hinged to the half-shields.

[0010] Preferably, the hollow holes are arranged in a matrix on the arc-shaped shield surface of the protective shield.

[0011] Preferably, the trolley body comprises a front end facing the tunnel face and a rear end facing away from the tunnel face, and the rear end of the trolley body is provided with an arch manipulator, and the arch manipulator is provided with a working basket for construction workers to work.

[0012] Preferably, an oblique support frame is provided at the rear end of the trolley body, and telescopic legs are installed on the oblique support frame and the bottom workbench of the trolley body.

[0013] Preferably, the workbench of the trolley body includes a central workbench and a side workbench, and the side workbench is arranged on both sides of the central workbench along a direction perpendicular to the direction from the front end to the rear end of the trolley.

[0014] Preferably, the traveling mechanism of the trolley body is a traveling wheel, a crawler mechanism, a track-rail mechanism, a gear rack mechanism or a chain drive mechanism.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0016] In the present invention, a protective shield that can be raised and lowered is installed on the tunnel trolley. After the protective shield is hoisted with the anchor net, the safety of the construction workers below it can be protected from being injured by falling rocks, thereby realizing the feasibility of the trolley to carry out construction work in the tunnel section without initial support, and the three originally separate processes of blasting drilling and charging, anchor net construction, and arch frame assembly are carried out in parallel, which innovates the construction process and improves construction efficiency. In addition, the anchor net can be lifted by utilizing the lifting function of the protective shield, and the anchor net work can be implemented under protection in combination with the hollow holes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tunnel trolley (arc-shaped shield) in the embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the side structure of the tunnel trolley (arc-shaped shield) in the embodiment;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the protective shield of the tunnel trolley (arc-shaped shield surface) in the embodiment after it is lowered;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the tunnel trolley (arc-shaped shield surface) in the embodiment after the protective shield is raised;

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the protective shield (arc-shaped shield surface) in the embodiment;

[0023] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the protective shield (arc-shaped shield surface) in another perspective in the embodiment;

[0024] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the connection node structure of the protective shield (arc-shaped shield surface) and the telescopic cylinder in the embodiment;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protective shield (arc-shaped shield surface) in the process of laying the anchor net in the embodiment;

[0026] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protective shield (arc-shaped shield surface) after laying the anchor net in the embodiment;

[0027] Fig.10 It is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the protective shield (arc-shaped shield surface) in the embodiment after laying the anchor net;

[0028] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of a single shield body in a multi-shield tunnel trolley in the embodiment after it is raised;

[0029] Fig.12 It is a schematic structural diagram of a tunnel trolley holding an arch frame in an embodiment;

[0030] Fig.13 A diagram showing the construction process of laying an anchor net outside a tunnel in an embodiment;

[0031] Fig.14 is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel in the process of the tunnel trolley in the embodiment driving to the surrounding rock area to be supported;

[0032] Fig.15 It is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel in the process of the protective shield (arc-shaped shield surface) in the embodiment rising toward the surrounding rock area to be supported in the tunnel;

[0033] Fig.16 It is a longitudinal section view of the tunnel in the process of the protective shield (arc-shaped shield surface) in the embodiment rising toward the surrounding rock area to be supported in the tunnel;

[0034] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the half shield (arc-shaped shield surface) after the hinge is raised in the embodiment;

[0035] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the half shield (arc-shaped shield surface) in the embodiment where the hinge is not raised;

[0036] Fig.19 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the half shield (arc-shaped shield surface) after the hinge of the half shield (arc-shaped shield surface) in the embodiment is lowered;

[0037] Fig. 20 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the half shield (rectangular shield surface) in the embodiment before it is raised as a whole

[0038] Fig.21 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the half shield (rectangular shield surface) in the embodiment when the whole is not raised;

[0039] Fig. 22 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the half shield (rectangular shield surface) after the hinge is raised in the embodiment;

[0040] Fig.23 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the half shield (rectangular shield surface) after the hinge of the half shield in the embodiment is lowered;

[0041] Fig.24 is a cross-sectional view of a circular top tunnel in an embodiment;

[0042] Fig.25 is a cross-sectional view of a curved roof tunnel in an embodiment;

[0043] Fig.26 The curved top tunnel in the embodiment (the curved top tunnel is relatively Fig.21 Cross-sectional view of the flat surface;

[0044] Fig. 27 is a cross-sectional view of a flat-top tunnel in an embodiment;

[0045] Fig.28 This is a longitudinal section of a tunnel with a conventional trolley located in the tunnel;

[0046] Fig.29 This is a cross-sectional view of a tunnel with a conventional trolley located in the tunnel;

[0047] Fig.30 This is the longitudinal section of the tunnel after the traditional trolley is located in the surrounding rock area to be supported.

[0048] Explanation of the accompanying reference numerals: 1. trolley body; 2. protective shield; 3. workbench; 4. hollow hole; 5. columnar protrusion; 6. anchor net; 7. lifting cylinder; 8. arch manipulator; 9. working hanging basket; 10. inclined support frame; 11. telescopic support leg; 12. articulated seat; 13. surrounding rock; 14. heading face; 15. initial support; 16. arch frame; 17. surrounding rock area to be supported; 18. traditional trolley. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] This embodiment provides a tunnel trolley, such as Figures 1 to 30 As shown, the trolley body 1 and the protective shield 2 are included. There is one or more protective shields 2. The protective shield 2 is used to cover the top of the workbench 3 on the top floor of the trolley body 1. That is, when there is only one protective shield 2, the shield surface of the protective shield 2 can cover the entire top of the workbench 3 on the top floor of the trolley body 1. When there are multiple protective shields 2, the large shield surface composed of the shield surfaces of multiple protective shields 2 needs to cover the entire top of the workbench 3 on the top floor of the trolley body 1. The protective shield 2 is installed on the trolley body 1 through a lifting mechanism. The protective shield 2 has a laying area for laying an anchor net 6. After laying the anchor net 6, the anchor net 6 can be used to block the falling rocks that may fall from the surrounding rock area 17 to be supported, protect the construction personnel on the workbench 3 on the top floor of the trolley body 1, and enable the construction personnel to drive in and work before the surrounding rock area 17 to be supported is initially supported 15. As a preferred embodiment, the shield surface of the entire protective shield 2 can be the laying area. Hollow holes 4 are provided on the laying area for construction personnel to drill out and carry out related operations on the top of the tunnel, or after the protective shield 2 is raised so that the anchor net 6 contacts the surrounding rock 13, the personnel under the protective shield 2 can carry out initial support (combination reinforcement work of the anchor net 6 and the surrounding rock 13, application of the anchor net 6, etc.) under protection.

[0051] Working process (this process is mainly for reference, and does not mean that only the construction sequence and method of this process can be adopted): before the trolley body 1 enters the tunnel, the anchor net 6 is first hoisted on the laying area of ​​the protective shield 2, and then the trolley body 1 enters the tunnel and drives to the bottom of the surrounding rock area 17 to be supported. Under the protection of the protective shield 2, relevant operations can be carried out, such as blasting and drilling holes in the face 14, charging of the face 14, installation of the anchor net 6, anchor rods, and erection of the arch frame 16. When installing the anchor net 6 (the anchor net 6 is mainly made of wire mesh, steel mesh or other material mesh), the protective shield 2 is lifted. As the anchor net 6 contacts the surrounding rock 13 of the surrounding rock area 17 to be supported, the construction personnel can apply the anchor rod from the hollow hole 4 to anchor the anchor net 6 on the surface of the surrounding rock 13. The anchor rod and the anchor net 6 form a preliminary support to ensure the safety of the construction personnel and machinery. Of course, when performing the above steps, other construction operations of the lower-level personnel will not be affected, and other operations of the next cycle can be performed simultaneously.

[0052] The tunnel trolley has the advantages of advanced construction position brought about by top protection (the trolley can be at the rear end of the steel blasting face 14, and the tunnel section where the surrounding rock has not been initially supported) and overlapping construction content (initial support of anchor nets in the newly excavated section, drilling of blast holes in the next cycle, and construction of steel arch frames. The three processes are carried out simultaneously, which greatly saves construction time and optimizes the overall construction process, improves safety and efficiency. It brings innovation to the construction method, and simultaneously carries out the originally separate processes (anchor net construction, arch assembly, blasting drilling and charging, etc., which are traditionally completed on the trolley), so as to save construction time and improve the overall speed of tunnel excavation. The trolley body 1 can be widely used in railway tunnels, lane highway tunnels, etc.

[0053] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 30 As shown, columnar protrusions 5 are provided on the laying area of ​​the protective shield 2. After the anchor net 6 is laid on the laying area of ​​the protective shield 2, the columnar protrusions 5 extend into the mesh of the anchor net 6 to clamp the anchor net 6 and prevent it from shaking along the laying area. The size, number and arrangement position of the columnar protrusions 5 can be set according to actual needs, and no excessive restrictions are made here. The arrangement is preferably arranged in a matrix.

[0054] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 30 As shown, it includes a single protective shield 2 or multiple protective shields 2, and the specific number is set according to needs. When multiple protective shields 2 are used, the multiple protective shields 2 are arranged side by side along the walking direction of the trolley body 1, and each protective shield 2 is independently lifted and lowered by the lifting mechanism. When a single protective shield 2 is used, that is, a single protective shield 2 lays a single anchor net 6, and the installation of the single anchor net 6 can be completed by lifting the protective shield 2. When multiple protective shields 2 are used, each protective shield 2 lays an anchor net 6, and the multiple anchor nets 6 can be the same size as the previous single anchor net 6, so that multiple anchor nets 6 can be hoisted at one time, and then the protective shields 2 are lifted and lowered in sequence (refer to Fig.11 As shown), the installation of multiple anchor nets 6 is completed, eliminating the process of hoisting the anchor net 6 on the trolley body 1. The size of the multiple small anchor nets 6 combined can also be the same as the size of the previous single anchor net 6, and then the protective shield 2 is raised and lowered in sequence (reference Fig.11 As shown in the figure, the installation of multiple anchor nets 6 is completed, which is simpler than installing a large anchor net 6. When the personnel place the anchor net 6 above the protective shield 2, the protective shield 2 on which the anchor net 6 is to be placed can be lowered, and the personnel stand next to the protective shield 2 to perform the operation, ensuring that there is no blind spot in the protection during the operation.

[0055] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 30 As shown, the protective shield 2 has a rectangular shield surface or an arc-shaped shield surface, and the rectangular shield surface refers to Figure 20 to Figure 23 As shown, the rectangular shield is mainly used in parallel top tunnels, such as Fig. 27 As shown. Curved shield reference Figures 1 to 19 As shown, the arc line of the arc shield surface is perpendicular to the walking direction of the trolley body 1. After laying the anchor net 6, the anchor net 6 is laid in an arc shape on the arc shield surface of the protective shield 2. The arc end surface of the protective shield 2 is mainly used in circular top tunnels such as Fig.24 , or curved top tunnels such as Figure 25 to Figure 26 shown.

[0056] In order to use a protective shield 2 to simultaneously adapt to the over-break and under-break of the upper surrounding rock and the change of the tunnel cross-sectional shape, in one embodiment, as shown in FIG. Figures 1 to 30 As shown, the protective shield 2 includes two half shields hinged to each other, and the two half shields form a protective shield 2. Therefore, if the protective shield 2 has a rectangular shield surface, the two half shields have rectangular shield surfaces, and the rectangular shield surfaces of the two half shields form a complete rectangular shield surface of the protective shield 2. If the protective shield 2 has an arcuate shield surface, the two half shields have arcuate shield surfaces, and the arcuate shield surfaces of the two half shields form a complete arcuate shield surface of the protective shield 2. The lifting mechanism includes a lifting cylinder 7, and a lifting cylinder 7 is provided below the ends of the half shields hinged to each other, and a lifting cylinder 7 is also provided below the ends of the half shields away from each other. The cylinder body of the lifting cylinder 7 is hinged to the top workbench 3 of the trolley body 1, and the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 7 is hinged to the half shield. Specifically, the half shield and the top workbench 3 are correspondingly provided with an articulated seat 12 for articulating the piston rod and cylinder body of the lifting cylinder 7. By controlling the lifting cylinder 7 below one end of the half shields where they are hinged together, the height of the hinged part of the two half shields can be changed, thereby changing the angle between the two half shields to adapt to tunnels with different shapes. Fig.17 As shown, when the hinges of the two half shields (arc shield surfaces) are lifted and the included angle of the two half shields is reduced, the protective shield 2 is in a steeper arc shape as a whole, which can adapt to tunnels with steeper arc-shaped vaults or tunnels with steeper arc-shaped vaults. Fig.18The round vaulted tunnel shown. Fig.19 As shown, the hinges of the two half shields (arc-shaped shield surfaces) remain stationary, and the protective shield 2 is in a relatively gentle arc shape as a whole, so that it can adapt to tunnels with relatively gentle arc-shaped vaults, such as Fig. 20 The tunnel shown. Fig.21 As shown, the hinges of the two half shields are lowered, and the overall shield 2 is in an M shape, which can adapt to a more gentle curved top tunnel, such as Fig.26 The tunnel shown. Fig. 20 and Fig.21 As shown, the two half shields are flattened (horizontal shield surface) to adapt to the flat top tunnel, such as Fig. 27 Tunnel shown.

[0057] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 30 As shown, the hollow holes 4 are arranged in a matrix on the arc-shaped shield surface of the protective shield 2 .

[0058] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 30 As shown, the lifting cylinder 7 is a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, which has a certain buffering capacity. When the upper protective shield 2 is impacted by falling rocks and blocks, the hydraulic mechanism of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder can play the role of energy absorption and buffering, protecting the personnel working under the protective shield 2. Of course, the lifting cylinder 7 can also be an electric telescopic cylinder or a pneumatic telescopic cylinder.

[0059] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 30 As shown, the trolley body 1 includes a front end and a rear end. The rear end is provided with an arch erecting manipulator 8, which is used to grab the arch frame 16. The arch erecting manipulator 8 is provided with a working hanging basket 9 for construction workers to stand and work. The working hanging basket 9 is close to the end of the arch erecting manipulator 8, which is convenient for construction workers to install the arch frame 16. During construction, the front end of the trolley body 1 is used to face the tunnel face 14, and the rear end is used to face away from the tunnel. The construction of the arch frame 16 can be carried out after the anchor net 6 is anchored, as shown in FIG. Fig.16 shown.

[0060] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 30 As shown, the rear end of the trolley body 1 is provided with an inclined support frame 10, and telescopic legs 11 are installed on the inclined support frame 10 and the bottom workbench 3 of the trolley body 1. When the trolley body 1 is working in the tunnel, the telescopic legs 11 are extended to the ground to play a supporting and positioning role, keeping the trolley body 1 stable. When it is necessary to walk, the telescopic legs 11 are shortened and separated from the ground to avoid hindering the walking of the trolley body 1.

[0061] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 30As shown, the workbench 3 of the trolley body 1 includes a workbench 3 located in the center and a workbench 3 located on the side. The workbench 3 located on the side is arranged on both sides of the workbench 3 located in the center in a direction perpendicular to the direction from the front end to the rear end of the trolley. When in use, the workbench 3 located in the center should face the face. The number of the workbench 3 in the center and the workbench 3 located on the side is set as needed. For example, the workbench 3 in the center is provided with two layers, and the workbench 3 located on both sides of the workbench 3 in the center is provided with three layers each.

[0062] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 30 As shown, the traveling mechanism of the trolley body 1 is a traveling wheel, a crawler mechanism, a track-wheel mechanism, a gear rack mechanism or a chain drive mechanism. The traveling wheel includes a powered traveling wheel and / or a non-powered traveling wheel. If the traveling wheel is fully powered or partially powered, the trolley body 1 is driven by the traveling wheel itself. If the traveling wheel is fully powered, the trolley body 1 is driven by other traction devices or a pushing device.

[0063] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel trolley, characterized in that: It includes a trolley body and a protective shield above the workbench for covering the top layer of the trolley body. The protective shield is installed on the trolley body through a lifting mechanism. The protective shield has a laying area for laying an anchor net, and the laying area is provided with hollow holes for construction workers to drill.

2. A tunnel trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laying area is provided with columnar protrusions for clamping the anchor net.

3. A tunnel trolley according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It comprises a single protective shield body or a plurality of protective shields, wherein the plurality of protective shields are arranged side by side along the walking direction of the trolley body, and each protective shield is independently lifted and lowered by the lifting mechanism.

4. A tunnel trolley according to claim 2, characterized in that: The protective shield has a rectangular shield surface or an arc-shaped shield surface, and the arc line of the arc-shaped shield surface is perpendicular to the moving direction of the trolley body.

5. A tunnel trolley according to claim 4, characterized in that: The protective shield includes two half-shields hinged to each other, and the lifting mechanism includes a lifting cylinder. The lifting cylinders are arranged below the hinged ends and the ends of the half-shields that are away from each other. The cylinder body of the lifting cylinder is hinged to the top workbench of the trolley body, and the piston rod of the lifting cylinder is hinged to the half-shields.

6. A tunnel trolley according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hollow holes are arranged in a matrix on the arc-shaped shield surface of the protective shield.

7. The tunnel trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trolley body comprises a front end facing the tunnel face and a rear end facing away from the tunnel face. The rear end of the trolley body is provided with an arch-erecting manipulator, and the arch-erecting manipulator is provided with a working hanging basket for construction workers to work.

8. A tunnel trolley according to claim 7, characterized in that: An oblique support frame is provided at the rear end of the trolley body, and telescopic legs are installed on the oblique support frame and the bottom workbench of the trolley body.

9. The tunnel trolley according to claim 7, characterized in that: The working tables of the trolley body include a central working table and a side working table. The side working tables are arranged on both sides of the central working table along a direction perpendicular to the direction from the front end to the rear end of the trolley.

10. The tunnel trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traveling mechanism of the trolley body is a traveling wheel, a crawler mechanism, a track-rail mechanism, a gear rack mechanism or a chain drive mechanism.

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