A waterproof board structure and control method for tunnels in cold tide areas

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and provides a waterproof board structure for tunnels in cold wave areas, including a waterproof board body, a plurality of support tubes and a plurality of conducting tubes; the waterproof board body is composed of an inner pressure layer and an outer pressure layer, and the outer pressure layer covers the inner pressure layer; a plurality of the support tubes are embedded in the inner pressure layer at a preset distance, and the other end is in contact with the outer pressure layer; the conducting tube is embedded in the inner pressure layer, and connects and conducts the adjacent support tubes to form a complete ventilation cavity; the waterproof board body is provided with two ends, and the conducting tubes at the two ends are provided with a first conducting valve and a second conducting valve; the conducting tube at the first conducting valve is connected to a pressurizing member; the inner pressure layer is also provided with a sensor group. The present application has the effect of reducing the freezing damage to the structure caused by freeze-thaw cycles. In addition, a control method for a waterproof board structure is also provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a waterproof board structure and control method for tunnels in cold wave areas. Background Art

[0002] During the construction and operation of a large number of cold-region tunnel projects, the harsh environment of cold regions has caused many difficulties in tunnel construction and operation. There are many reasons for frost damage in cold-region tunnels. Generally speaking, under the action of freeze-thaw cycles, the width of cracks in the lining becomes larger and larger, resulting in diseases, affecting driving and threatening structural stability and safety.

[0003] Up to now, the main methods for preventing and controlling frost damage in tunnels in cold regions of my country are: setting up cold-proof drainage holes under the central drainage ditch, or burying the central drainage ditch deeply and using geothermal energy to prevent the pipes from freezing; laying heating cables in the road side ditches; insulating the annular blind ditch and the longitudinal blind ditch; laying an insulation layer or electric heating belt on the outside of the waterproof board, etc.

[0004] In existing cold-region tunnel projects, most of the water stored on the waterproof board behind the lining is dealt with by setting an insulation layer to block the heat exchange between the waterproof board and the surrounding rock, or by raising the local temperature to prevent the water from freezing. However, such measures are costly and have limited effects. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the above-mentioned problems, the present application provides a waterproof board structure and control method for tunnels in cold wave areas.

[0006] The present application provides a waterproof board structure and control method for tunnels in cold tide areas, which adopts the following technical solutions: A waterproof board suitable for tunnels in cold tide areas, comprising a waterproof board body, a plurality of supporting tubes and a plurality of conducting tubes; the waterproof board body is composed of an inner pressure layer and an outer pressure layer, the outer pressure layer covers the inner pressure layer; a plurality of supporting tubes are embedded in the inner pressure layer at a preset distance, and the other end abuts against the outer pressure layer; the conducting tube is embedded in the inner pressure layer, and connects and conducts the adjacent supporting tubes to form a complete ventilation cavity; the waterproof board body is provided with two ends, and the conducting tubes at the two ends are provided with a first conducting valve and a second conducting valve; the conducting tube at the first conducting valve is connected to a pressurizing component; the inner pressure layer is also provided with a sensor group; the sensor group is electrically connected to the pressurizing component, the first conducting valve and the second conducting valve, and is connected to external background data.

[0007] By adopting the above technical scheme, the outer pressure layer will be pressed down toward the inner pressure layer due to the pressure of the change in ice volume. The pressure resistance of the outer pressure layer and the inner pressure layer is improved by connecting a number of support tubes in cooperation with the conducting tube. When the support tube provides support to the outer pressure layer, the gas in the ventilation cavity inside the support tube will be squeezed when the support tube is under pressure, resulting in a change in air pressure, or the support tube is under pressure so that the sensor assembly detects the pressure change. The sensor group is used to monitor the air pressure or pressure in real time, and the internal air pressure is changed through the booster to adapt to the pressure change caused by the frost heave force. The operation is simple and the cost is low, and it adapts to the special environmental conditions in the cold wave area, reduces the freezing damage to the structure of the lining due to freeze-thaw cycles, and improves the safety and stability of tunnel operations in cold regions.

[0008] Optionally, the waterproof board body is arc-shaped, and the inner diameter of the outer pressure layer is equal to the outer diameter of the inner pressure layer.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the arc shape can better fit the lining structure of the tunnel, and the inner diameter of the outer pressure layer is equal to the outer diameter of the inner pressure layer, so that the outer pressure layer can just cover the inner pressure layer, reducing position deviation and the like, and improving the stability of the waterproof board structure.

[0010] Optionally, a reinforcement portion is provided at one end of the support tube connected to the external pressure layer.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the contact area between the support tube and the inner wall of the outer pressure layer can be increased by utilizing the reinforcement part, so that the support range provided by the support tube is wider and the support effect is more stable.

[0012] Optionally, a connecting cavity is provided in the reinforcing portion, and the connecting cavity is connected to the supporting tube.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when the boost component is pressurized through the ventilation cavity of the guiding tube, the connecting cavity and the contact point of the external pressure layer are pressurized synchronously. While the support range of the support tube is increased by the reinforcement part, the boost range of the ventilation cavity can also be increased, thereby further improving the connection stability of the external pressure layer.

[0014] Optionally, a balancing portion is provided at one end of the support tube away from the external pressure layer.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when the external pressure layer transfers the pressure to the support tube to share the pressure, the support tube transfers the pressure to the balancing part, and the balancing part disperses the pressure around the internal pressure layer, thereby achieving the effect of balancing the force and improving the stability and pressure-bearing capacity of the overall waterproof board structure.

[0016] Optionally, the balancing portion is provided with a plurality of connecting portions on a side away from the external pressure layer.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the connection between the balancing part and the inner pressure layer is made tighter and more stable through the connecting part. At the same time, when the balancing part distributes the pressure, the connecting part can also be used to further distribute the pressure, thereby further improving the effect of force balance between the outer pressure layer and the inner pressure layer. Optionally, a heating element is further provided in the conducting tube, and the heating element runs through the ventilation cavity.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, after the heating element passes through the ventilation cavity, when the volume of the ice cube increases, the external pressure layer is pressurized, the heating element starts to provide a heating effect, and the booster, the first conduction valve and the second conduction valve are opened synchronously, so that the gas in the ventilation cavity is in a flowing state, and the heat generated by the heating element fills the entire ventilation cavity with the airflow, and the heat can quickly exchange heat with the external pressure layer and the internal pressure layer. This method has a better heating effect, can improve the heat exchange efficiency of the external pressure layer, and make the heating effect better.

[0019] Optionally, the detection end of the sensor group is located on the balancing part.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, after the detection end of the sensor group is located on the balancing part, the sensor group can receive the pressure applied by the support tube to the balancing part, or the air pressure change in the support tube, thereby improving the stability of data acquisition.

[0021] Optionally, the sensor group includes an air pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor; the air pressure sensor detects the air pressure value in the ventilation cavity; the temperature sensor detects the temperature value in the ventilation cavity; and the pressure sensor detects the pressure value between the support tube and the balancing part.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the air pressure sensor monitors the air pressure changes and sends the air pressure data to the background. At the same time, the temperature data monitored by the temperature sensor is synchronously transmitted to the background. The pressure in the outer pressure layer area supported by any support tube can be transmitted to the pressure sensor, and the pressure data can be synchronously transmitted to the background. The background integrates the air pressure data, temperature data and pressure data to determine whether to start the booster or the heating element.

[0023] A control method for a waterproof board structure, including background data reception and command control, includes the following steps: Setting the preset data of the sensor group, and setting the error range of the preset data; The error range means that the data transmission changes, but the degree of change does not reach the boost demand or heating demand; The preset data level arrangement intervals that exceed the error interval are divided into the first level interval, the second level interval and the third level interval; When the data received by the background is in the first level interval, the booster and the first conduction valve are opened; When the data received by the background is in the second level interval, the heating element is turned on on the basis of turning on the boosting element and the first conduction valve; When the data received by the background is in the third level interval, the second conduction valve is opened on the basis of opening the booster, the first conduction valve and the heating element to realize hot air circulation; When the background receives monitoring data from any sensor, such as pressure sensor, temperature sensor or air pressure sensor, and the data exceeds the error interval, the following instructions are sent according to the data level arrangement interval: If any data exceeds the error range, a retest instruction is sent, and the retest data is collected for data comparison; If more than two groups of data in the retest result exceed the error interval and the intervals are arranged according to the data level that exceeds the error interval, the background arranges the intervals according to the data level and sends an opening instruction to the booster, the first conduction valve, the heating element, and the second conduction valve; If there is still only one set of data exceeding the error range in the retest result, a second retest is performed after a preset time interval. If the second retest result is consistent with the first retest result or the first data result, the background sends an opening command to the booster, the first conduction valve, the heating element, and the second conduction valve according to the data level arrangement interval, and closes after a preset time, and performs a third retest. If the third retest result is consistent with the first two retest results and the first data result, the background continues to send an opening command to the booster, the first conduction valve, the heating element, and the second conduction valve according to the data level arrangement interval. If the third retest result is consistent with the first two retest results, the background reminds the workers to perform sensor maintenance and tunnel safety inspection; If any two or more groups of data exceed the error interval, the background arranges the intervals according to the data level and sends an opening instruction to the booster, the first conduction valve, the heating element, and the second conduction valve; After the booster and the first conduction valve are opened, the data is repeatedly monitored for a preset time. If the data still exceeds the error range, the background sends an opening instruction to the booster, the first conduction valve, the heating element, and the second conduction valve according to the data level arrangement interval, and repeats this process until the data are all within the error range. When the data received by the background returns to the normal range, the booster, the first conduction valve, the second conduction valve and the heating element are closed.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, different protective treatments can be performed on different volumes of ice according to the freeze-thaw state of different volumes of water in the rock mass in the cold wave area, thereby improving the adaptability and functionality of the waterproof board structure.

[0025] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The outer pressure layer is pressed down toward the inner pressure layer by the change in ice volume. The pressure resistance of the outer pressure layer and the inner pressure layer is improved by connecting several support tubes with the conducting tube. When the support tube provides support to the outer pressure layer, the gas in the ventilation cavity inside the support tube is squeezed, resulting in a change in air pressure. Alternatively, the support tube is compressed so that the sensor assembly detects the pressure change. The sensor group is used to monitor the air pressure or pressure in real time, and the internal air pressure is changed through the booster to adapt to the pressure change caused by the frost heave force. The operation is simple and the cost is low. It adapts to the special environmental conditions in the cold wave area, reduces the freezing damage to the structure of the lining due to the freeze-thaw cycle, and improves the safety and stability of the operation of the tunnel in the cold area. 2. The arc shape can better fit the lining structure of the tunnel. The inner diameter of the outer pressure layer is equal to the outer diameter of the inner pressure layer, so that the outer pressure layer can just cover the inner pressure layer, reducing the position deviation and improving the stability of the waterproof board structure; 3. The reinforced part can increase the contact area between the support tube and the inner wall of the outer pressure layer, so that the support range provided by the support tube is wider and the support effect is more stable; 4. When the booster is pressurized through the ventilation cavity of the conducting tube, the connecting cavity and the contact point of the external pressure layer are pressurized simultaneously. While the support range of the support tube is increased by the reinforcement part, the pressurization range of the ventilation cavity can also be increased, further improving the connection stability of the external pressure layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a first cross-sectional structure of a waterproof board structure in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This application Figure 1 A is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle part; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a second cross-sectional structure of a waterproof board structure in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 4 This application Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of B; The markings in the attached drawings are: 1. Waterproof board body, 11. Inner pressure layer, 12. Outer pressure layer, 2. Support tube, 21. Reinforcement part, 22. Balance part, 23. Connecting part, 3. Conducting tube, 4. First conducting valve, 5. Second conducting valve, 6. Pressurizing part, 7. Sensor group, 8. Heating part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following is an explanation of the implementation of the present application by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the information disclosed in the present application. The present application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementations, and the details in the present application can also be modified or changed in various ways according to different viewpoints and application systems without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0028] The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the present application. The present application can be embodied in a variety of different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0029] In the representations of the present application, the representations with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics represented in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. Moreover, the represented specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples represented in the present application and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they contradict each other.

[0030] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to indicate the target, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the representation of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0031] Throughout the specification, when a device is said to be "connected" to another device, this includes not only the case of "direct connection" but also the case of "indirect connection" by placing other elements therebetween. In addition, when a device is said to "include" a certain component, unless otherwise stated, it does not exclude other components, but means that other components may be included.

[0032] The following is combined with Figure 1 -Attached Figure 4 , further details of this application are given.

[0033] The embodiments of the present application disclose a waterproof board structure and a control method for tunnels in cold tide areas.

[0034] The invention discloses a waterproof board structure for a tunnel in a cold tide zone, which provides waterproof and water-isolating functions for the repeated freezing and thawing of water and water-containing surrounding rocks in the tunnel in the cold tide zone, thereby preventing water from seeping into the tunnel.

[0035] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a waterproof board body 1, a plurality of support tubes 2 and a plurality of conducting tubes 3; the waterproof board body 1 can be made of ceramic imitation wood material or other waterproof materials, and the waterproof body is composed of an inner pressure layer 11 and an outer pressure layer 12, the outer pressure layer 12 covers the inner pressure layer 11, the outer pressure layer 12 is connected to the external supporting structure, and the inner pressure layer 11 is connected to the inner lining structure, and when the outer pressure layer 12 is subjected to force, the inner pressure layer 11 will be provided with force sharing, and the outer pressure layer 12 and the inner pressure layer 11 can be bonded and connected by cement mortar.

[0036] A plurality of support tubes 2 are embedded in the inner pressure layer 11 at a preset distance, and the other end is abutted against the outer pressure layer 12. The support tube 2 is embedded in the inner pressure layer 11 and connected to the inner pressure layer 11 by using the tube wall. Friction grooves can be provided on the outer wall of the support tube 2 to improve the connection tightness with the inner pressure layer 11. The support tube 2 uses the outer pressure layer 12 to face one end of the inner pressure layer 11, so that when the outer pressure layer 12 is subjected to force, the support tube 2 can provide stable support to ensure the stability of the overall waterproof board structure. The support tube 2 is a tubular structure, so the interior is hollow and air can flow.

[0037] The conducting pipe 3 is embedded in the inner pressure layer 11 and connects and conducts the adjacent support pipes 2 to form a complete ventilation cavity. The conducting pipe 3 is along the inner pressure layer 11, and air can flow in the ventilation cavity.

[0038] The waterproof board body 1 is provided with two ends, and the conducting pipe 3 at the two ends is provided with a first conducting valve 4 and a second conducting valve 5. The first conducting valve 4 and the second conducting valve 5 are both electronic valves, and the opening and closing of the first conducting valve 4 or the second conducting valve 5 can be controlled by background instructions. When the first conducting valve 4 and the second conducting valve 5 are closed, the ventilation cavity is in a sealed state, and when the first conducting valve 4 and the second conducting valve 5 are opened, the ventilation cavity is in a conducting state.

[0039] The conducting pipe 3 at the first conducting valve 4 is connected with a booster 6, which can be an air pressure regulating device or a booster device. The booster 6 can increase the pressure in the ventilation cavity, and after the second conducting valve 5 is opened, the ventilation cavity can be depressurized.

[0040] The inner pressure layer 11 is also provided with a sensor group 7. The sensor group 7 can be provided with a safety box outside the inner pressure layer 11, and the sensors are all installed in the safety box, and the detection ends of the sensors extend into the ventilation cavity for detection.

[0041] The sensor group 7 is electrically connected to the booster 6, the first conduction valve 4 and the second conduction valve 5, and the data is connected to the background, which can be a controller or an Internet cloud console. The sensor group 7 can monitor the air pressure in the ventilation cavity or the pressure of the support tube 2.

[0042] Specifically, when the tunnel in the cold wave area causes the water and water-containing surrounding rock in the tunnel to freeze and thaw repeatedly due to changes in ambient temperature, the volume of water frozen into ice will expand due to thermal expansion and contraction, which will affect the waterproof board. The outer pressure layer 12 will be pressed down toward the inner pressure layer 11 by the pressure of the change in ice volume. The connection of a plurality of support pipes 2 in conjunction with the conducting pipe 3 can improve the compression resistance of the outer pressure layer 12 and the inner pressure layer 11. When the support pipe 2 provides support for the outer pressure layer 12, the gas in the ventilation cavity inside the support pipe 2 will be squeezed, resulting in the air pressure change. The support tube 2 is pressurized so that the sensor group 7 detects the pressure change. The sensor group 7 can issue two instructions: one, the sensor group 7 includes a controller, which sends a boost instruction to the boost component 6 and sends an opening instruction to the first conduction valve 4 after detecting the change. The first conduction valve 4 opens, and the boost component 6 provides the boost in the ventilation cavity; or two, the sensor sends the monitoring data to the background, the background identifies the change of the monitoring data, and sends a boost instruction and an opening instruction to the boost component 6 and the first conduction valve 4 respectively. Both control methods can achieve the boost effect.

[0043] The booster 6 provides a boosting effect in the ventilation cavity, and uses the support tube 2 to transfer the air pressure to the external pressure layer 12, so that the external pressure layer 12 is affected by the air pressure and the pressure of ice is reduced. When boosting is not needed, the ventilation cavity can be opened by controlling the second conduction valve 5 to release the pressure to adapt to different freeze-thaw conditions in the environment.

[0044] The sensor group 7 is used to monitor the air pressure or pressure in real time, and the internal air pressure is changed through the booster 6 to adapt to the pressure change caused by the frost heave force. The operation is simple and the cost is low. It adapts to the special environmental conditions in the cold wave area, reduces the freezing damage of the lining to the structure due to the freeze-thaw cycle, and improves the safety and stability of the tunnel operation in cold areas.

[0045] For further reference, Figure 1 As shown, the waterproof board body 1 is in an arc shape, the inner diameter of the outer pressure layer 12 is equal to the outer diameter of the inner pressure layer 11, and the arc shape can better fit the lining structure of the tunnel. The inner diameter of the outer pressure layer 12 is equal to the outer diameter of the inner pressure layer 11, so that the outer pressure layer 12 can just cover the inner pressure layer 11, reducing position deviation and the like, and improving the stability of the waterproof board structure.

[0046] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, one end of the support tube 2 connected to the external pressure layer 12 is provided with a reinforcement portion 21. The reinforcement portion 21 can be a truncated cone-shaped reinforcement ring or a reinforcement truncated cone block. The reinforcement portion 21 can increase the contact area between the support tube 2 and the inner wall of the external pressure layer 12, so that the support range provided by the support tube 2 is wider and the support effect is more stable.

[0047] Furthermore, a connecting cavity is opened in the reinforcement part 21, and the connecting cavity is connected with the support tube 2. After the connecting cavity is connected with the support tube 2, the connecting cavity and the ventilation cavity are connected. When the booster 6 boosts the ventilation cavity through the guiding tube 3, the contact point of the connecting cavity and the external pressure layer 12 is boosted synchronously. While the supporting range of the support tube 2 is increased by utilizing the reinforcement part 21, the boosting range of the ventilation cavity can also be increased, thereby further improving the connection stability of the external pressure layer 12.

[0048] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a balancing portion 22 is provided at one end of the support tube 2 away from the external pressure layer 12. The balancing portion 22 can adopt an arc-shaped plate that matches the curvature of the arc of the internal pressure layer 11. The arc-shaped plate improves the pressure-bearing capacity of the support tube 2. Although the support tube 2 is connected to the internal pressure layer 11 through the tube wall, it is still easy to loosen when subjected to pressure. Therefore, the balancing portion 22 can increase the pressure-bearing capacity of the support tube 2. When the external pressure layer 12 transfers the pressure to the support tube 2 to share the pressure, the support tube 2 transfers the pressure to the balancing portion 22, and the balancing portion 22 disperses the pressure to the surrounding of the internal pressure layer 11, thereby achieving the effect of balancing the force and improving the stability and pressure-bearing capacity of the overall waterproof board structure.

[0049] For further reference, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the balancing part 22 is provided with a plurality of connecting parts 23 on the side away from the external pressure layer 12. The connecting parts 23 may adopt a plurality of connecting rods, and spiral patterns or inverted eight patterns may be provided on the connecting rods, so that the connection between the balancing part 22 and the internal pressure layer 11 is tighter and more stable. At the same time, when the balancing part 22 distributes the pressure, the connecting parts 23 can also be used to further distribute the pressure, thereby further improving the force balance effect between the external pressure layer 12 and the internal pressure layer 11.

[0050] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a heating element 8 is also provided in the conducting tube 3, and the heating element 8 runs through the ventilation cavity. The heating element 8 can be a heating tube, and a heating wire is provided in the heating tube. The heating wire can emit heat after being powered on, and the heating tube provides protection to ensure that the heating wire is stably heated.

[0051] The heating element 8 may be electrically connected to the sensor group 7 , that is, the sensor group 7 may be connected to a power supply connection of the heating element 8 .

[0052] The heating element 8 is located in the ventilation cavity, and a group of receiving rings are arranged at a preset distance to keep the heating element 8 centered and avoid being too close to the wall of the conducting tube 3 or the supporting tube 2.

[0053] Specifically, after the heating element 8 passes through the ventilation cavity, when the volume of the ice cube increases, the external pressure layer 12 is pressurized, and the heating element 8 begins to provide a heating effect. The external pressure layer 12 is subjected to two heating effects. The first is that the second conduction valve 5 is in a closed state, and the ventilation cavity is in a sealed state. The heat of the heating element 8 is used to heat the external pressure layer 12 and the internal pressure layer 11, so that the ice layer outside the external pressure layer 12 melts. This method has a poor heating effect. The second is that when the heating element 8 is opened, the booster 6, the first conduction valve 4 and the second conduction valve 5 are opened synchronously, so that the gas in the ventilation cavity is in a flowing state. The heat generated by the heating element 8 fills the entire ventilation cavity with the airflow, and the heat can quickly exchange heat with the external pressure layer 12 and the internal pressure layer 11. This method has a better heating effect and can improve the heat exchange efficiency of the external pressure layer 12, thereby achieving a better heating effect.

[0054] Furthermore, the heating element 8 is energized in sections, that is, the ventilation cavity can be divided into several ends for energization, and can adapt to heating at different positions. For example, the outer pressure layer 12 of some support areas of the support tubes 2 has large ice cubes, and the ice cubes in some areas are small or have not yet frozen into large ice cubes, so there is no need to provide a heating effect. Therefore, segmented heating can be achieved by energizing in sections to adapt to different heating needs and save electricity consumption.

[0055] In some embodiments, the detection end of the sensor group 7 is on the balancing part 22. After the sensor group 7 is on the balancing part 22, the sensor group 7 can receive the pressure applied by the support tube 2 to the balancing part 22, or the change of air pressure in the support tube 2, thereby improving the stability of data acquisition. Since the detection end is small and difficult to display, the detection end is not shown in the figure.

[0056] Among them, the detection end can be connected to the sensor group 7 by connecting the data line, the outer wall of the conducting tube 3 can be provided with an inner groove, the data line can be routed through the inner groove, and the power connection of the heating element 8 can also be connected to the safety box of the sensor group 7 to improve safety.

[0057] Furthermore, the sensor group 7 includes an air pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor; the air pressure sensor detects the air pressure value in the ventilation cavity, the temperature sensor detects the temperature value in the ventilation cavity, and the pressure sensor detects the pressure value between the support tube 2 and the balancing part 22.

[0058] The air pressure sensor can be provided with a detection end, because the air pressure in the ventilation cavity is consistent; the temperature sensor can be provided with more than one detection end. When there are multiple detection ends, the accuracy of temperature data acquisition can be improved. The number of detection ends of the pressure sensor is set to be consistent with the number of support tubes 2, so that when any area of ​​the outer pressure layer 12 supported by the support tube 2 is subjected to pressure, when it is transmitted to the detection end of the pressure sensor, pressure data can be obtained.

[0059] Specifically, when the air pressure in the ventilation cavity increases due to thermal expansion and contraction, the air pressure sensor monitors the air pressure change and sends the air pressure data to the background. At the same time, the temperature data monitored by the temperature sensor is synchronously transmitted to the background. The pressure in any area of ​​the outer pressure layer 12 supported by the support tube 2 can be transmitted to the pressure sensor, and the pressure data can be synchronously transmitted to the background. The background integrates the air pressure data, temperature data and pressure data to determine whether to start the booster 6 or the heating element 8.

[0060] Among them, the three types of data, namely, air pressure data, temperature data and pressure data, can be retested with each other. That is, when any one of the data changes and the other two data do not change, retesting is initiated. If any two or more groups of the three data change, retesting is not required. This method can improve the accuracy of data monitoring.

[0061] The present application also provides a control method for a waterproof board structure, which is applied to the waterproof board structure in the above embodiment, including a background to implement data reception and command control, including the following steps: S100, setting the preset data of the sensor group 7, and setting the error interval of the preset data; The error interval means that the data transmission changes, but the degree of change does not reach the boost demand or heating demand. By using the error interval, the misjudgment of the sensor group 7 can be reduced.

[0062] S200, presetting the data level arrangement interval that exceeds the error interval, which is divided into a first level interval, a second level interval and a third level interval; S210, when the data received by the background is in the first level interval, the booster 6 and the first conduction valve 4 are opened; S220, when the data received by the background is in the second level interval, based on S410, the heating element 8 is turned on; S230. When the data received by the background is in the third level interval, on the basis of S420, the second conduction valve 5 is opened to realize hot air circulation and accelerate heat exchange.

[0063] Among them, in the first level interval to the third level interval, the data of the first level interval is closer to the error interval, and the data of the third level interval is more deviated from the error interval, such as the pressure data, the pressure data of the third level interval is greater than the pressure data of the first interval.

[0064] Among them, a fourth level interval can be additionally added. The fourth level interval is to open the boost component 6 and the first conduction valve 4. The boost component 6 provides the boost in the ventilation cavity while the heating component 8 is opened synchronously. The fourth level interval can be inserted into any level interval of steps S210-S230 according to the actual effect.

[0065] S300: When the background receives monitoring data from any sensor, such as the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor or the air pressure sensor, and the data exceeds the error interval, the number of data exceeding the error interval is arranged according to the data level, and the following instructions are sent: S310, if any data exceeds the error interval, a retest instruction is sent, and the retest data is collected for data comparison; S311, if more than two groups of data in the retest result exceed the error interval, and the intervals are arranged according to the exceeded data level, the background sends an opening instruction to the booster 6, the first conduction valve 4, the heating element 8 and the second conduction valve 5 according to the data level arrangement interval; S312. When there is still only one set of data exceeding the error interval in the retest result, a second retest is performed after a preset time interval. If the second result is consistent with the results of the previous two data, the background sends an opening command to the booster 6, the first conduction valve 4, the heating element 8 and the second conduction valve 5 according to the data level arrangement interval, and closes after a preset time, and performs a third retest. If the third retest result is consistent with the result of S211, the background continues to send an opening command to the booster 6, the first conduction valve 4, the heating element 8 and the second conduction valve 5 according to the data level arrangement interval. If the third retest result is consistent with the results of the previous two retests, the background reminds the workers to perform sensor maintenance and tunnel safety inspection.

[0066] S320, if any two or more groups of data exceed the error range, the background arranges the intervals according to the data levels and sends an opening instruction to the booster 6, the first conduction valve 4, the heating element 8 and the second conduction valve 5.

[0067] S400, after the boost component 6 and the first conduction valve 4 are opened, the data is repeatedly monitored after being closed for a preset time. If the data still exceeds the error range, the background sends an opening instruction to the boost component 6, the first conduction valve 4, the heating component 8 and the second conduction valve 5 according to the data level arrangement interval, and this is repeated until the data are all within the error range.

[0068] Among them, the booster 6 and the first conduction valve 4 are closed after being opened for a preset time, such as 60 minutes, and are closed for 1-2 minutes for data collection. After the data returns to normal, the booster 6 and the first conduction valve 4 are continuously closed; if the data still exceeds the error range, the booster 6 and the first conduction valve 4 are opened for another 60 minutes, and this is repeated.

[0069] S500: When the data received by the background returns to the normal range, the booster 6, the first conduction valve 4, the second conduction valve 5 and the heating element 8 are closed.

[0070] Through the above-mentioned control method, different protective treatments can be performed on different volumes of ice according to the freeze-thaw state of different volumes of water in the rock mass in the cold wave area, thereby improving the adaptability and functionality of the waterproof board structure and reducing the impact of freeze-thaw cycles on the structure in the tunnel.

[0071] The embodiments of this specific implementation are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. The same components are represented by the same figure marks. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A waterproof board structure for tunnels in cold tide areas, characterized in that: The invention comprises a waterproof board body (1), a plurality of support tubes (2) and a plurality of conducting tubes (3); the waterproof board body (1) is composed of an inner pressure layer (11) and an outer pressure layer (12), and the outer pressure layer (12) covers the inner pressure layer (11); a plurality of the support tubes (2) are embedded in the inner pressure layer (11) at a preset distance, and the other ends are in contact with the outer pressure layer (12); the conducting tubes (3) are embedded in the inner pressure layer (11), and connect the adjacent support tubes (2) and conduct the , forming a complete ventilation cavity; the waterproof board body (1) is provided with two ends, and the conduction pipe (3) at the two ends is provided with a first conduction valve (4) and a second conduction valve (5); the conduction pipe (3) at the first conduction valve (4) is connected to a booster (6); the internal pressure layer (11) is also provided with a sensor group (7); the sensor group (7) is electrically connected to the booster (6), the first conduction valve (4) and the second conduction valve (5), and is connected to external background data.

2. The waterproof board structure for tunnels in cold tide areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The waterproof board body (1) is in an arc shape, and the inner diameter of the outer pressure layer (12) is equal to the outer diameter of the inner pressure layer (11).

3. The waterproof board structure for tunnels in cold tide areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: One end of the support tube (2) connected to the outer pressure layer (12) is provided with a reinforcement portion (21).

4. The waterproof board structure for tunnels in cold tide areas according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A communication cavity is provided in the reinforcement portion (21), and the communication cavity is in communication with the support tube (2).

5. The waterproof board structure for tunnels in cold tide areas according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A balancing portion (22) is provided at one end of the support tube (2) away from the external pressure layer (12).

6. The waterproof board structure for tunnels in cold tide areas according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The balancing portion (22) is provided with a plurality of connecting portions (23) on a side facing away from the external pressure layer (12).

7. The waterproof board structure for tunnels in cold tide areas according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A heating element (8) is also provided in the conducting tube (3), and the heating element (8) passes through the ventilation cavity.

8. The waterproof board structure for tunnels in cold tide areas according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The detection end of the sensor group (7) is located on the balancing part (22).

9. The waterproof board structure for tunnels in cold tide areas according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sensor group (7) comprises an air pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor; the air pressure sensor detects the air pressure value in the ventilation cavity; the temperature sensor detects the temperature value in the ventilation cavity; and the pressure sensor detects the pressure value between the support tube (2) and the balancing part (22).

10. A method for controlling a waterproof board structure, characterized in that: The waterproof board structure applied to claim 9 includes a background for implementing data reception and command control, including the following steps: Setting preset data of the sensor group (7), and setting an error range for the preset data; The error range means that the data transmission changes, but the degree of change does not reach the boost demand or heating demand; The data level arrangement intervals exceeding the error interval are preset to be divided into the first level interval, the second level interval and the third level interval; When the data received by the background is in the first level interval, the booster (6) and the first conduction valve (4) are opened; When the data received by the background is in the second level interval, the heating element (8) is turned on based on the opening of the boosting element (6) and the first conduction valve (4); When the data received by the background is in the third level interval, the second conduction valve (5) is opened on the basis of opening the booster (6), the first conduction valve (4) and the heating element (8) to realize hot air circulation; When the background receives monitoring data from any sensor, such as pressure sensor, temperature sensor or air pressure sensor, and the data exceeds the error interval, the following instructions are sent according to the data level arrangement interval: If any data exceeds the error range, a retest instruction is sent, and the retest data is collected for data comparison; If two or more groups of data in the retest result exceed the error interval and the intervals are arranged according to the data levels that exceed, then the backend sends an opening instruction to the booster (6), the first conduction valve (4), the heating element (8) and the second conduction valve (5) according to the data levels; If only one set of data still exceeds the error range in the retest results, a second retest is performed after a preset time interval. If the second retest result is consistent with the first retest result or the first data result, the background sends an opening instruction to the booster (6), the first conduction valve (4), the heating element (8) and the second conduction valve (5) according to the data level arrangement interval, and closes after a preset time, and performs a third retest. If the third retest result is consistent with the first two retest results and the first data result, the background continues to send an opening instruction to the booster (6), the first conduction valve (4), the heating element (8) and the second conduction valve (5) according to the data level arrangement interval. If the third retest result is consistent with the first two retest results, the background reminds the workers to perform sensor maintenance and tunnel safety inspection; If any two or more groups of data exceed the error interval, the backend sends an opening instruction to the booster (6), the first conduction valve (4), the heating element (8) and the second conduction valve (5) according to the data level arrangement interval; After the pressure-boosting component (6) and the first conduction valve (4) are opened, the data are repeatedly monitored for a preset time period. If the data still exceeds the error interval, the backend sends an opening instruction to the pressure-boosting component (6), the first conduction valve (4), the heating component (8) and the second conduction valve (5) according to the data level arrangement interval, and repeats this process until the data are all within the error interval. When the data received by the background returns to a normal range, the pressurizing element (6), the first conduction valve (4), the second conduction valve (5) and the heating element (8) are closed.

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