Low-resistance tight tube bundle heat exchange device suitable for high-speed airflow

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aerospace power heat exchange structures, and provides a low-resistance tight tube bundle heat exchange device suitable for high-speed airflow, which comprises an air inlet channel, an air outlet channel, a tube bundle insertion plate, an air inlet tube bundle tube bundle unit, an air outlet tube bundle tube bundle unit and a collection cavity, the tube bundle insertion plate comprises an upper insertion plate and a lower insertion plate; and tube bundle insertion holes are formed in the upper insertion plate and the lower insertion plate. The heat exchange tube bundle with the flow direction tube spacing ratio being 1 is arranged between the tube bundle insertion plates, so that the second flow channel can still keep the flow resistance at a low level when a second fluid working medium is in a high-speed state, in addition, the pressure resistance and the stability of the whole structure are enhanced through the vertically and tightly arranged round tube structures, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. And the heat exchange structure is effectively prevented from being damaged by an environment vibration mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aerospace power heat exchange structures, and in particular to a low-resistance tight tube row heat exchange device suitable for high-speed airflow. Background Art

[0002] Heat exchangers are important heat exchange components in the industrial field and play a key role in aerospace, shipbuilding, chemical industry and energy. In the aviation field, with the increase of the flight Mach number of high-performance aircraft, the temperature of the hot end components of aircraft engines has reached the temperature limit of current advanced materials. It is necessary to use heat exchangers to indirectly conduct the heat of the hot end components; in addition, under the design point operating parameters of high-speed aircraft, the total temperature of the engine inlet air is high, which brings a huge heat load to the compressor compression process. By arranging an intercooler and introducing a pre-cooling cycle to reduce the total temperature of the incoming flow, the excess energy of the high-temperature incoming flow is transferred to the fuel with a high heat sink through the heat exchanger, thereby improving the turbine operating range and fuel combustion efficiency.

[0003] However, the existing intercooler structure has disadvantages such as pressure difference resistance and large flow resistance, which in turn affects the thrust performance and safety of the entire aircraft engine. Faced with the high-speed airflow commonly involved in the aviation field, such as the outer duct of the aircraft engine, the high flow resistance of the traditional heat exchange structure has a great impact on the comprehensive performance of the heat exchanger in the aviation field. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-resistance compact tube row heat exchange device suitable for high-speed airflow, thereby reducing the high flow resistance effect of the traditional heat exchange structure.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] A low-resistance compact tube row heat exchange device suitable for high-speed airflow comprises: an air inlet channel, an air outlet channel, a tube bundle plug plate, an air inlet tube bundle tube row unit, an air outlet tube bundle tube row unit and a collection cavity; the tube bundle plug plate comprises: an upper plug plate and a lower plug plate; the upper plug plate and the lower plug plate are both provided with tube bundle plug holes; the air inlet channel comprises: a first inlet and a first outlet; the air outlet channel comprises: a second inlet and a second outlet; the air inlet tube bundle tube row unit comprises: a third inlet and a third outlet; the air outlet tube bundle tube row unit comprises: a fourth inlet and a fourth outlet;

[0007] The third inlet and the fourth outlet are respectively connected to the tube bundle plug hole on the lower plug plate; the third outlet and the fourth inlet are respectively connected to the tube bundle plug hole of the upper plug plate; the heat exchange tube bundles in the inlet tube bundle tube row unit and the outlet tube bundle tube row unit are evenly arranged between the upper plug plate and the lower plug plate through the tube bundle plug hole; the heat exchange tube bundles are perpendicular to the upper plug plate and the lower plug plate; the first outlet and the second inlet are respectively connected to the lower plug plate; the collection cavity is connected to the upper plug plate; the inlet channel, the outlet channel, the tube bundle plug plate, the inlet tube bundle tube row unit, the outlet tube bundle tube row unit and the internal channel of the collection cavity constitute a first flow channel; the inlet tube bundle tube row unit, the outlet tube bundle tube row unit and the upper plug plate and the lower plug plate enclose a second flow channel; the inlet channel and the outlet channel are cross-connected; the flow tube spacing ratio of the heat exchange tube bundle is 1.

[0008] Preferably, the inlet and outlet channels of the air inlet channel, the air outlet channel and the tube bundle plug plate are all rectangular; the channel bodies of the air inlet channel and the air outlet channel are bent at 90°; the first inlet and the second outlet are respectively connected to the internal channel of the target engine.

[0009] Preferably, the heat exchange tube bundles in the air inlet tube bundle row unit and the air outlet tube bundle row unit are hollow seamless round tubes.

[0010] Preferably, the air outlet channel and the collecting cavity are both designed with a leading edge profile and a trailing edge profile; the leading edge profile and the trailing edge profile are both in an arc shape.

[0011] Preferably, the structural wall thickness of the collecting cavity is 2 mm; the structural wall thickness of the heat exchange tube bundle is 0.15 mm; the diameter of the heat exchange tube bundle is 3 mm; the flow direction spacing between two adjacent heat exchange tube bundles is 3 mm; and the lateral spacing between two adjacent heat exchange tube bundles is 7.2 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the air inlet passage, the air outlet passage, the heat exchange tube bundle, and the collection cavity are arranged radially from inside to outside on the target engine.

[0013] Preferably, the collection cavity is a box body without a cover;

[0014] The uncovered surface of the collecting cavity is in contact with the tube bundle plug-in plate; the collecting cavity covers all the tube bundle plug-in holes on the tube bundle plug-in plate.

[0015] Preferably, the second flow channel is provided with a fin structure; the fin structure comprises: any one of straight fins, intermittent slit fins, circular fins and inclined fins; the first flow channel is provided with guide vanes.

[0016] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0017] The present invention provides a low-resistance tight tube row heat exchange device suitable for high-speed airflow. By arranging a heat exchange tube bundle with a flow tube spacing ratio of 1 between tube bundle plug plates, the high flow resistance defect of the traditional heat exchange structure is solved, and the flow resistance in the second flow channel is reduced by using the heat exchange tube bundle unit and the pressure resistance of the overall structure is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an explosion structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a tube bundle plug plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a heat exchange tube bundle unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a cavity collection structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a radial cross-sectional structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the air inlet and outlet channels provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Description of reference numerals:

[0028] 1-inlet channel, 101-first inlet, 102-first outlet, 2-outlet channel, 201-second inlet, 202-second outlet, 3-tube bundle plug plate, 301-lower plug plate, 302-upper plug plate, 4-inlet tube bundle tube row unit, 401-third inlet, 402-third outlet, 5-outlet tube bundle tube row unit, 501-fourth inlet, 502-fourth outlet, 6-collecting cavity, 601-leading edge profile, 602-trailing edge profile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-resistance compact tube row heat exchange device suitable for high-speed airflow, thereby reducing the influence of high flow resistance of traditional heat exchange structures.

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an explosion structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the tube bundle plug plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the heat exchange tube bundle unit structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides a low-resistance compact tube row heat exchange device suitable for high-speed airflow, comprising: an air inlet channel 1, an air outlet channel 2, a tube bundle plug plate 3, an air inlet tube bundle tube row unit 4, an air outlet tube bundle tube row unit 5 and a collection cavity 6; the tube bundle plug plate 3 comprises: an upper plug plate 302 and a lower plug plate 301; the upper plug plate 302 and the lower plug plate 301 are both provided with tube bundle plug holes; the air inlet channel 1 comprises: a first inlet 101 and a first outlet 102; the air outlet channel 2 comprises: a second inlet 201 and a second outlet 202; the air inlet tube bundle tube row unit 4 comprises: a third inlet 401 and a third outlet 402; the air outlet tube bundle tube row unit 5 comprises: a fourth inlet 501 and a fourth outlet 502;

[0033] The third inlet 401 and the fourth outlet 502 are respectively connected to the tube bundle plug hole on the lower plug plate 301; the third outlet 402 and the fourth inlet 501 are respectively connected to the tube bundle plug hole of the upper plug plate 302; the heat exchange tube bundles in the inlet tube bundle tube row unit 4 and the outlet tube bundle tube row unit 5 are evenly arranged between the upper plug plate 302 and the lower plug plate 301 through the tube bundle plug hole; the heat exchange tube bundles are perpendicular to the upper plug plate 302 and the lower plug plate 301; the first outlet 102 and the second inlet The ports 201 are respectively connected to the lower insert plate 301; the collecting cavity 6 is connected to the upper insert plate 302; the air inlet channel 1, the air outlet channel 2, the tube bundle insert plate 3, the air inlet tube bundle tube row unit 4, the air outlet tube bundle tube row unit 5 and the internal channel of the collecting cavity 6 constitute a first flow channel; the air inlet tube bundle tube row unit 4, the air outlet tube bundle tube row unit 5 and the upper insert plate 302 and the lower insert plate 301 form a second flow channel; the air inlet channel 1 and the air outlet channel 2 are cross-connected; the flow tube spacing ratio of the heat exchange tube bundle is 1.

[0034] Preferably, the inlets and outlets of the air inlet channel 1, the air outlet channel 2 and the tube bundle plug plate 3 are all rectangular; the channel bodies of the air inlet channel 1 and the air outlet channel 2 are bent at 90°; the first inlet 101 and the second outlet 202 are respectively connected to the internal channel of the target engine.

[0035] Preferably, the heat exchange tube bundles in the air inlet tube bundle unit 4 and the air outlet tube bundle unit 5 are hollow seamless round tubes.

[0036] refer to Figure 6 The air outlet channel 2 and the collecting cavity 6 are both designed with a leading edge profile 601 and a trailing edge profile 602; the leading edge profile 601 and the trailing edge profile 602 are both arc-shaped.

[0037] Preferably, the structural wall thickness of the collecting cavity 6 is 2 mm; the structural wall thickness of the heat exchange tube bundle is 0.15 mm; the diameter of the heat exchange tube bundle is 3 mm; the flow direction spacing between two adjacent heat exchange tube bundles is 3 mm; and the lateral spacing between two adjacent heat exchange tube bundles is 7.2 mm.

[0038] refer to Figure 7 The air inlet passage 1, the air outlet passage 2, the heat exchange tube bundle, and the collection cavity 6 are arranged radially from inside to outside on the target engine.

[0039] refer to Figure 8 , the collecting cavity 6 is a box body without a cover;

[0040] The uncovered surface of the collecting cavity 6 is in contact with the tube bundle plug-in plate 3 ; the collecting cavity 6 covers all the tube bundle plug-in holes on the tube bundle plug-in plate 3 .

[0041] Optionally, the second flow channel is provided with a fin structure; the fin structure includes: any one of straight fins, intermittent slit fins, circular fins and inclined fins; the first flow channel is provided with guide vanes.

[0042] Specifically, the adjacent inlet tube bundle tube row unit 4 and outlet tube bundle tube row unit 5 and the upper and lower tube bundle plug plates 3 enclose a channel, which is the second flow channel of the open channel structure. The first fluid working medium in the first flow channel flows in the direction of the inlet channel 1, the tube bundle plug plate 3, the inlet tube bundle tube row unit 4, the tube bundle plug plate 3, the collection cavity 6, the outlet tube bundle tube row unit 5, and the outlet channel 2 in sequence, and there is a deflection in the flow direction. After entering the heat exchange tube bundle structure, the overall flow direction is to the left. The second fluid working medium in the second flow channel flows outside the inlet tube bundle tube row unit 4 and the outlet tube bundle tube row unit 5, and its overall flow direction is to the right. In this embodiment, the first fluid working medium and the second fluid working medium flow in an overall countercurrent form. The positions of the inlet and outlet of the first flow channel can also be exchanged, that is, the positions of the inlet channel 1 and the outlet channel 2 are changed to realize the reverse flow of the first fluid working medium inside the first flow channel, and the specific flow direction is flexibly adjusted according to different needs.

[0043] Furthermore, the heat exchange tube bundle structure is a seamless round tube, and the leading edge and trailing edge of the collecting cavity 6 structure are processed into arc shapes to reduce the flow resistance of the second fluid medium in the second flow channel. Two groups of tube bundle plug holes are arranged on the tube bundle plug plate 3, and each group of plug holes is evenly distributed. The outlet of the inlet channel 1 is installed on the lower tube bundle plug plate 3, covering the right tube bundle plug hole thereof. The inlet tube bundle tube row unit 4 is inserted into the right tube bundle plug hole of the lower tube bundle plug plate 3 to realize the connection with the inlet channel 1. The right plug hole of the upper tube bundle plug plate 3 is connected to the outlet of the inlet tube bundle tube row unit 4, and the left plug hole is connected to the inlet of the outlet tube bundle tube row unit 5. The collection cavity 6 is installed and connected to the upper tube bundle plug plate 3, covering all the plug holes on the upper tube bundle plug plate 3. The first fluid medium flows through the collection cavity 6 through the inlet tube bundle and enters the outlet tube bundle. The outlet of the outlet tube bundle tube row unit 5 is connected to the left plug hole of the lower tube bundle plug plate 3, and the inlet of the outlet channel 2 is also installed and connected here, so as to realize the process of the first fluid medium from the outlet tube bundle to the outlet channel 2, thereby forming a complete first flow channel. The collection cavity 6 is a box body without a cover, and a cavity is arranged inside. The complete fluid domain of the first flow channel medium is composed of the internal cavities of the air inlet channel 1 and the air outlet channel 2, the plug holes of the tube bundle plug plate 3, the tube spaces of the air inlet tube bundle tube row unit 4 and the air outlet tube bundle tube row unit 5, and the internal volume domain of the collection cavity 6 box body.

[0044] Preferably, the air inlet channel 1 and the air outlet channel 2 installed on the lower tube bundle plug plate 3 can be interchanged with each other, thereby changing the air inlet and outlet direction of the heat exchange tube bundle, realizing the flow path adjustment of the first flow channel of the tight tube row heat exchange structure, and adapting to more application scenarios. Since the air outlet channel 2 and the air inlet channel 1 are arranged in an alternating manner, guide vanes can be arranged in the first flow channel to guide the incoming air flow, reduce the flow resistance of the first fluid working medium in the first flow channel, mainly in the air inlet channel 1, and achieve the optimal flow heat transfer capacity. Under the premise of ensuring the flow resistance limitation, fins of different structural forms can be added to the heat exchange tube bundle to enhance the heat exchange capacity by increasing the surface area of ​​the heat exchange tube bundle. Reduce the size of the heat exchange structure, the wall thickness of the cavity 6 and the channel structure is 2mm, and the wall thickness of the heat exchange tube bundle structure is 0.15mm, which reduces the weight of the overall structure. The diameter of the heat exchange tube bundle unit is 3mm, which provides sufficient flow space for the first fluid working medium and reduces the flow resistance to the second fluid working medium. The flow direction spacing between two adjacent heat exchange tube bundle units is 3mm, and the lateral spacing is 7.2mm, that is, the channel width of the second flow channel is about 7.2mm. The width of the second fluid working medium flowing through the second flow channel is small, and it can fully exchange heat with the first fluid working medium in the inlet tube bundle tube row units, outlet tube bundle tube row units and the manifold 6 on both sides. Even in the case of high-speed flow, the heat exchange can still be completed more evenly.

[0045] Furthermore, the heat exchange tube bundle unit adopts a round tube structure, which is vertically and evenly distributed between the two tube bundle plug plates 3 to form a second flow channel with an open passage structure, and the leading edge and trailing edge of the manifold 6 are set to be arc-shaped, which can effectively reduce the flow resistance of the fluid working medium passing through the second flow channel. Even if the second fluid working medium is in a high-speed state, the heat exchange structure can still maintain a low flow resistance. The closed flow direction and the vertical uniform distribution in the horizontal direction enhance the stability of the overall structure.

[0046] Preferably, the main body of the present embodiment is a tight tube row structure, and there is no clear restriction on the materials used. In harsh environments such as high temperature, more high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant materials can be used for processing and manufacturing; the main structure - the tight tube row structure has been proven through experiments and other methods to have a low resistance advantage over the common serpentine structure; the inlet and outlet air channels also reduce the resistance in the channels caused by the structural characteristics by adopting an arc transition method. In addition, the aerodynamic performance in the flow channel can be optimized by adding intake guide vanes in the intake channel.

[0047] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0048] (1) The present invention arranges a heat exchange tube bundle with a flow tube spacing ratio of 1 between the tube bundle plug plates, so that the second flow channel can still maintain a low flow resistance when the second fluid is in a high-speed state. In addition, the vertically closely arranged circular tube structure enhances the pressure resistance and stability of the overall structure, effectively preventing environmental vibration mechanisms from causing damage to the heat exchange structure.

[0049] (2) The circular tube heat exchange structure of the present invention retains the excellent characteristics of the dynamic structural characteristics of the traditional tube bundle heat exchanger, and can effectively prevent environmental vibration excitation from causing damage to the heat exchange structure of the present invention. Compared with the plate fin with the same low resistance characteristics, the Nusselt number can be maintained at a higher level; under laminar flow conditions, the convective heat transfer coefficient on the side of the second fluid working medium can be effectively improved, thereby enhancing the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchange structure.

[0050] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0051] The principles and implementation methods of the present invention are described in this article using specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-resistance compact tube row heat exchange device suitable for high-speed airflow, characterized in that: include: An air inlet channel, an air outlet channel, a tube bundle plug plate, an air inlet tube bundle tube row unit, an air outlet tube bundle tube row unit and a manifold; The tube bundle plug plate includes: an upper plug plate and a lower plug plate; the upper plug plate and the lower plug plate are both provided with tube bundle plug holes; the air inlet channel includes: a first inlet and a first outlet; the air outlet channel includes: a second inlet and a second outlet; the air inlet tube bundle row unit includes: a third inlet and a third outlet; the air outlet tube bundle row unit includes: a fourth inlet and a fourth outlet; The third inlet and the fourth outlet are respectively connected to the tube bundle plug hole on the lower plug plate; the third outlet and the fourth inlet are respectively connected to the tube bundle plug hole of the upper plug plate; the heat exchange tube bundles in the inlet tube bundle tube row unit and the outlet tube bundle tube row unit are evenly arranged between the upper plug plate and the lower plug plate through the tube bundle plug hole; the heat exchange tube bundles are perpendicular to the upper plug plate and the lower plug plate; the first outlet and the second inlet are respectively connected to the lower plug plate; the collection cavity is connected to the upper plug plate; the inlet channel, the outlet channel, the tube bundle plug plate, the inlet tube bundle tube row unit, the outlet tube bundle tube row unit and the internal channel of the collection cavity constitute a first flow channel; the inlet tube bundle tube row unit, the outlet tube bundle tube row unit and the upper plug plate and the lower plug plate enclose a second flow channel; the inlet channel and the outlet channel are cross-connected; the flow tube spacing ratio of the heat exchange tube bundle is 1.

2. A low-resistance compact tube row heat exchange device suitable for high-speed airflow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet and outlet of the air inlet channel, the air outlet channel and the tube bundle plug plate are all rectangular; the channel bodies of the air inlet channel and the air outlet channel are bent at 90 degrees; the first inlet and the second outlet are respectively connected to the internal channel of the target engine.

3. A low-resistance compact tube row heat exchange device suitable for high-speed airflow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube bundles in the air inlet tube bundle row unit and the air outlet tube bundle row unit are all hollow seamless round tubes.

4. A low-resistance compact tube row heat exchange device suitable for high-speed airflow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air outlet channel and the collecting cavity are both designed with a leading edge profile and a trailing edge profile; the leading edge profile and the trailing edge profile are both in an arc shape.

5. The low-resistance compact tube row heat exchange device suitable for high-speed airflow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structural wall thickness of the collecting cavity is 2 mm; the structural wall thickness of the heat exchange tube bundle is 0.15 mm; the diameter of the heat exchange tube bundle is 3 mm; the flow direction spacing between two adjacent heat exchange tube bundles is 3 mm; and the lateral spacing between two adjacent heat exchange tube bundles is 7.2 mm.

6. A low-resistance compact tube row heat exchange device suitable for high-speed airflow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet passage, the air outlet passage, the heat exchange tube bundle, and the collection cavity are arranged radially from inside to outside on the target engine.

7. A low-resistance compact tube row heat exchange device suitable for high-speed airflow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting cavity is a box body without a cover; The uncovered surface of the collecting cavity is in contact with the tube bundle plug-in plate; the collecting cavity covers all the tube bundle plug-in holes on the tube bundle plug-in plate.

8. The low-resistance compact tube row heat exchange device suitable for high-speed airflow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second flow channel is provided with a fin structure; the fin structure includes: any one of straight fins, intermittent slotted fins, circular fins and inclined fins; the first flow channel is provided with guide vanes.

Images